Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

Gender Differences In Presentation And Outcomes Of Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (Scad): A Single Center Case Series Study, Abdul Nadeem Akhtar, Fnu Aisha, Aimen Binte Moazzam, Mohammad Omer Rehman Rana, Abida Perveen, Jahanzeb Malik

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background: Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is an important non-atherosclerotic cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), predominantly affecting younger females. Despite increasing recognition, data on gender-based differences in SCAD presentation and outcomes remain limited, particularly in South Asian populations.

Methods: This retrospective case series included 24 patients diagnosed with SCAD at Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS) between January 2022 and March 2025. Patient demographics, clinical presentation, angiographic findings, management strategies, and outcomes were analyzed with a focus on gender-based differences.

Results: Of the 24 patients, 17 were female (70.8%) and 7 were male (29.2%). Females were younger and had …

Hidden Infarctions: Understanding And Managing Myocardial Infarction With Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries Through A Multimodal Lens, Catalina Esquivel

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) accounts for 5–15% of myocardial infarctions and disproportionately affects women and minority populations. It is defined by clinical evidence of myocardial ischemia with

Double-Port Totally Endoscopic Mitral Valve Replacement Through A Prosthesis-Sized Working Incision With Posterior Subvalvular Preservation, Cao Dang Khang, Tran Duc Quang, Phan Quang Thuan, Vuong Ngoc Minh, Pham Tran Viet Chuong, Nguyen Hoang Dinh

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and early outcomes of totally endoscopic non-robotic mitral valve replacement using a double-port DCT approach with posterior subvalvular preservation.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective observational study, 76 consecutive patients underwent totally endoscopic non-robotic mitral valve replacement between November 2023 and December 2025. The DCT approach was defined by exclusive endoscopic visualization, no rib spreading, a camera port and prosthesis-sized working incision placed in the same intercostal space, and thoracoscopic intracardiac instrumentation. Posterior ventricular-annular continuity was preserved whenever feasible by posterior leaflet preservation, native chordal preservation, or artificial chordal reimplantation after leaflet resection. Outcomes were reported …

Left-Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy Presenting With Atrial Flutter With Rapid Ventricular Response, Sahil Ghay, Baneet Kaur, J. Armando Talavera, Koushik Sanku, Viky S. Loescher, Julien A. Exposito

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare genetic cardiomyopathy characterized by prominent trabeculations and deep recesses that predispose to arrhythmias and heart failure. We describe a 42-year-old man with persistent tachycardia and exertional fatigue found to have CTI-dependent atrial flutter with 2:1 conduction. Transesophageal echocardiography showed severe biventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 15%, and cardiac MRI confirmed LVNC with a non-compacted to compacted ratio of 3.3. After successful ablation and normal coronary angiography, he was diagnosed with LVNC. This case highlights an unusual presentation of LVNC with typical atrial flutter and underscores the value of cardiac MRI …

Evaluating The Market Withdrawal Of Andexanet Alfa, Jordyn Linfield, Addisyn Cooper, Alexander Defranco, Emma Gerding, Jessica Kelley, Tyler Henney, Connor Dains, Brenna Hissong, Brittany Bates

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

The coagulation cascade comprises intrinsic, extrinsic, and common pathways that converge when thrombin converts fibrinogen (factor I) into fibrin, leading to fibrin mesh formation, stabilization of the platelet plug, and ultimately thrombus formation. Inhibition of the coagulation cascade can be achieved with a variety of anticoagulant medications, including direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs). The mechanism of action of DOACs is to inhibit either factor Xa or thrombin. Reversal of anticoagulation remains an important clinical consideration when managing patients on DOACs who experience serious bleeding events. Andexanet alfa is a recombinant, modified human factor Xa protein previously indicated for patients receiving rivaroxaban …

Fda Approval Of Etripamil For The Treatment Of Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia, Kiley Devoll, Daniella Egbujor, Katy Grainger, Katherine Cook, Victoria Niese, Connor Dains, Brenna Hissong, Andrew Roecker

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is characterized by sudden, brief, intermittent episodes that result in a heart rate of 150 to 250 beats per minute (bpm). PSVT is difficult to diagnose, making proper treatment challenging. According to the 2015 American Heart Association (AHA)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) guidelines, current pharmacologic recommendations for PSVT include adenosine, verapamil, diltiazem, or nonpharmacologic vagal maneuvers.¹ These treatments each have a variety of adverse effects, contraindications, and dosing considerations, which highlight a need for novel therapies for the acute treatment and maintenance of PSVT.¹ The NODE-301 trial assessed the safety and …

Isolated Giant Aneurysm Of The Acute Marginal Branch Of Right Coronaryartery Presenting As Nstemi: Successful Direct Surgical Repair Preserving The Native Flow, Sai Kumari Ms., Anbarasu Mohanraj Dr, Saranya Damodaran Ms

Journal Of Indian Physician Associates

Abstract

Background: A “giant” coronary artery aneurysm is variably defined in the literature—commonly as a dilatation of a coronary vessel exceeding four times the diameter of the adjacent normal segment, or exceeding a fixed threshold such as > 8 mm or > 20 mm in diameter^1.

Case presentation: We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with type II diabetes mellitus and systemic hypertension, who presented with breathlessness and chest pain radiating to the back. She had recently suffered a non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and was found on coronary angiography to have a large aneurysm of the acute marginal branch …

Infective Endocarditis Hospitalizations In Kentucky, 2008-2018: Spatial And Temporal Trends, Meera Marji, Steve Browning, W. Jay Christian, Richard Charnigo, Steve W. Leung, Anna Kucharska-Newton

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Infective endocarditis (IE) hospitalization rates have increased significantly in the last decade, primarily due to the opioid epidemic. In 2016, Kentucky (KY) ranked among the top ten states for opioid-related overdose deaths, but limited data exist on IE trends in KY.

Purpose: This study seeks to examine county-level spatial and temporal trends in IE hospitalization rates in KY.

Methods: Hospital inpatient discharge data from 2008–2018 for KY residents aged 18 and older were analyzed. IE admissions and drug use status were identified using ICD-9 & 10 diagnosis codes. U.S. Census data calculated yearly IE hospitalization rates per 100,000 residents. …

Best Integrated Writing Spring 2026 - Complete Edition, Wright State University School Of Humanities And Cultural Studies, Tracy Smith, Kristie Mckiernan

Best Integrated Writing

Best Integrated Writing includes excellent student writing from Integrated Writing courses taught at Wright State University.

Exploring The Impact Of Education On Cardiovascular Health In Women: Sex Disparities, Symptom Recognition And Attribution, And Preventive Measures, Sydney Totten

Best Integrated Writing

Totten examines sex disparities in cardiovascular disease among women, emphasizing gaps in symptom recognition, treatment, and health education. Through a literature review and educational intervention, it demonstrates that targeted, nurse-led education can significantly improve women’s understanding of risk factors, symptoms, and disease management, ultimately supporting better health outcomes.

Plasma Ca125 Levels As A Predictor Of Major Adverse Cardiac Events In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Six-Month Follow-Up Study, Nazlı Dilek Çolak, Turgut Karabağ, Onuralp Çalışkan, Songül Tezcan

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objectives: Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is associated with different cardiovascular conditions. This study aimed to determine CA125 levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the potential relationship between major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in the short-term following.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a coronary care unit between May and November 2022. Plasma CA125 levels were measured only once upon hospital admission. Patients were followed for six months. All-cause mortality, recurrent acute coronary syndrome, requirement for revascularization, decompensated heart failure, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, atrial fibrillation, and stroke were recorded as MACE.

Results: A total of 127 …

Late Bioprosthetic Valve Migration- A Rare Entity After Tavi, Sahej Arora, Ghazi Khan, Jeremiah Depta

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

We present a case of hemolytic anemia due to a rare complication of late bioprosthetic valve migration, who underwent successful treatment with valve in valve transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Our patient with symptomatic moderate aortic stenosis underwent the index procedure a year ago and treated for bacteremia 3 months ago, presented with hemolytic anemia and echocardiography revealing aortic paravalvular leak. The hemolysis was attributed to Bioprosthetic valve dysfunction after a negative hematological workup. The patient's aortography revealed ventricular migration of the valve, not seen on a cardiac CT scan performed before. This was followed by a successful valve in valve …

Prompt Thyroid Hormone Replacement Reversing Severe Bradycardia & Syncope, Cassie R. Girardin, George Vega, Rohail Baig

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Thyroid disease, particularly hypothyroidism, can significantly affect the cardiovascular system, leading to structural, functional, and conduction abnormalities. Hypothyroidism decreases inotropy and chronotropy and may cause bradycardia or conduction defects. Although these changes are typically reversible with thyroid hormone replacement, severe cases may necessitate pacemaker placement. This case describes an 82-year-old female with hypothyroidism, atrial fibrillation, and left bundle branch block (LBBB) who presented with recurrent syncope due to hypothyroidism-induced bradycardia with sinus pauses. Her symptoms resolved with thyroid hormone optimization, highlighting the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of hypothyroidism-related cardiac manifestations to prevent unnecessary pacemaker implantation.

Pediatric Cardiac Surgery After Pulmonary Arterial Interventions: Short-Term Outcomes, Rania Abushokka, Hanan Mohammed Hassan, Rasha Hosni, Amal Younan, Ahmed Algebaly

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Congenital cardiac interventions are progressing at a rapid pace. In the last few years, techniques such as stent placement for pulmonary artery stenosis, right ventricle outflow tract and ductal stenting showed great advances. Surgery over stents are increasing in complexity. Left pulmonary artery and right ventricle outflow tract sites account for more than half of stent handling. Percutaneous devices are not an ‘‘enemy’’ for the surgeon, but a tool for continuing the development of our surgical strategies. In this study, we describe the short-term outcome of patients who underwent surgical repair after pulmonary interventions for congenital heart diseases at …

Oral Pathogens Reprogram Endothelial Barrier And Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme2/Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase-Nitric Oxide Signaling To Promote Blood Pressure Dysregulation, Ming-Shou Hsieh, Tung-Nien Hsu, Chin-Sheng Huang, Ting-Yi Renn, Kuang-Tai Kuo, Kuo-Yao Lin, Wei Jen Chang

Journal of Dental Sciences

Background/purpose: Although periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, the endothelial mechanisms linking oral inflammation to vascular dysfunction remain unclear. We investigated whether Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) can directly disturb endothelial homeostasis and whether macrophage–endothelial crosstalk further worsens endothelial injury.

Materials and methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to Pg-LPS alone or co-cultured (transwell system) with Pg-LPS-primed human monocytic cells -derived macrophages. Endothelial dysfunction was assessed through nitric oxide (NO) production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation, inflammatory and adhesion molecule expression, as well as junctional and cytoskeletal changes. Macrophage …

Short Term Echocardiographic And Clinical Assessment Of Aortic Valve Neo-Cuspidization (Ozaki Procedure) In Comparison With Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement, Amr Mohamed Ahmed Elshabrawy, Mohamed A. Gabr, Eid M Daoud, Mohammed Sanad, Sherif Arafa

Mansoura Medical Journal

Background: Aortic valve neo-cuspidization (AVNeo, Ozaki procedure) has emerged as an alternative to conventional aortic valve replacement, aiming to preserve native aortic root dynamics and improve postoperative hemodynamics. The replacement of the aortic valve presents challenges because both biological and mechanical prostheses have notable limitations.

Aim: To evaluate the short-term clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of aortic valve neocuspidization (Ozaki procedure) compared with mechanical aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients with isolated aortic valve disease.

Patients and methods: This prospective comparative observational study included 42 adult patients with isolated aortic valve disease. 20 patients underwent AVNeo (Ozaki procedure) and 22 …

Pengaruh Ivabradin Terhadap Variabilitas Detak Jantung Pada Gagal Jantung Dengan Fraksi Ejeksi Rendah Akibat Penyakit Jantung Koroner, Handy Kurnia, Charles Limantoro, Friska Anggraini Helena Silitonga, Andreas Arie Setiawan

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Heart failure is one of the major challenges in global health due to its significant contribution to morbidity and mortality. One of the pathophysiological aspects is autonomic nervous system dysfunction which can be monitored through heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Ivabradine is a pharmacological agent that potentially improves the balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic tone. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of ivabradine administration on HRV parameters in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (≤40%) due to coronary heart disease in Indonesian population.

Methods. This study used a quasi-experimental research type with a pretest and posttest …

Electrocardiographic Clues To Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, Devi Parvathy Jyothi Ramachandran Nair, Muhammad Asad Hanif

Transformative Medicine

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited cardiomyopathy characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular (RV) myocardium, predisposing to ventricular arrhythmias, RV dysfunction, and sudden cardiac death. Early recognition relies heavily on electrocardiographic (ECG) findings, which often precede overt structural changes. We report a case of a 28-year-old woman presenting with intermittent chest pressure, palpitations, and mild exertional dyspnea. Vital signs were stable, and troponin was normal. Initial 12-lead ECG demonstrated normal sinus rhythm with frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) and T-wave inversions in leads V1–V3. Continuous telemetry revealed frequent runs of monomorphic non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) with …

Distinguishing Acute Cardiac Events From Chronic Troponin Elevation: Integrating High-Sensitivity Troponin Trends With Objective Ischemic Evidence Under The 4th Udmi Across Diverse Renal Function Profiles, Aidan Fernandez, Amanda Green, Silvija Milanovic, Eric Han, Asia Elbooz, Michael Petrauskis, Justin Nippert, Michael Marchick, Nicholas Maldonado, Mohammed Ruzieh, Elizabeth Warren, Matthew Shaw, Lars Beattie, Brandon Allen

Florida Journal of Emergency Medicine (FJEM)

The Fourth (4th) Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (UDMI) provides a standardized framework to enhance diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making. However, challenges can arise due to the use of subjective clinical assessment in diagnostic criteria or in the presence of impaired renal clearance. This study modifies the 4th UDMI by requiring objective ischemic evidence to improve consistency in myocardial infarction (MI) classification and applies it across diverse patient populations.

In this retrospective study, patients who presented to the emergency department (ED) with 99th percentile high sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) values were classified using the modified 4th UDMI into the categories …

When Clotting And Bleeding Collide: A Case Of Bilateral Pe And Concurrent Upper Gi Hemorrhage, Tabitha D. Baca, David Rayburn, Daniel Castro, Jessica Aird

Florida Journal of Emergency Medicine (FJEM)

Introduction

Concurrent episodes of pulmonary emboli and gastrointestinal bleeding in one patient are not commonly seen. When a patient presents with both, it presents a challenge to manage as they are opposite ends of the same disease spectrum associated with the coagulation system.

Case Report

We present the case of a 65-year-old male who presented to our hospital via EMS with unknown prior history after a witnessed cardiac arrest, who on evaluation also had a concurrent bilateral pulmonary emboli with right heart strain.

Why should an emergency physician be aware of this?

While there is extensive research on the management …

Rare Case Of Recurrent Cystic Mediastinal Mass: Giant Pericardial Cyst, Melina Tanadi, Anggraini Dwi Sensusiati Phd

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Pericardial cyst is unusual benign congenital malformations, with incidence of 1 person per 100.000. Although considered congenital lesion by incomplete fusion of embryogenesis, there are less frequent causes such as surgery, post trauma, and inflammatory process. Pericardial cyst can mimick malignant mediastinal tumor, cardiac chamber enlargement, bronchogenic cyst from Chest X-ray. Most of pericardial cyst are asymptomatic until they got bigger, such as dypsnea, sudden death, cardiac tamponade, rupture of the cyst. Radiology Imaging play important roles for rule out diagnostic therefore to prevent the complications. Computed tomography is modality of choice for pericardial cyst. We report a case of …

Two Cases Of Intramyocardial Dissecting Hematoma Diagnosed By Echocardiography, Jianbo Wu, Fei Bian, Xijun Zhu, Xin Du, Tao Hao, Qian Liu

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Intramyocardial dissecting hematoma (IDH), a rare complication of myocardial infarction, was investigated through two unique clinical cases in this study. We demonstrate echocardiography's pivotal role in emergency diagnostics by detailing its critical contribution to rapid identification. Furthermore, we propose a hypothesis regarding the anatomical subtypes of IDH, potentially offering new perspectives and insights into this rare cardiac condition.

Development Of A Longitudinal, Small-Group Pocus Curriculum For Internal Medicine Residents, Shah N. Mahmud Do, Ammar W. Bhatti Do, Ariq Rahman Md, Omar Al Qassab Md, Fraser Mackay Md

The Lahey Journal

Development of a Longitudinal, Small-Group POCUS Curriculum for Internal Medicine Residents

Introduction

Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) is integral for clinicians to enhance their diagnostic and procedural skills. Unlike Emergency Medicine or Anesthesia training programs, Internal Medicine programs often lack a structured and standardized curriculum. We thus developed a longitudinal and multi-pronged POCUS curriculum aimed at building trainee competency when utilizing ultrasound for diagnostic and procedural work-up.

Methods

The curriculum encompasses the following: basics of ultrasound, ultrasound-guided procedures, thoracic ultrasound/Bed Lung Ultrasound in Emergency (BLUE), and cardiac ultrasound/Focus-Assessed Transthoracic Echocardiography (FATE). These modules were integrated into the residents’ clinic blocks. We utilized …

Two Interesting Cases Of Left Ventricular Free Wall Rupture In Myocardial Infarction, Astha Prasai, Nada Hafez, Mallory A. Balmer-Swain, Rawa Sarji

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

We present two interesting cases of left ventricular free wall rupture following ST elevation myocardial infarction. First case was not identified on echocardiography and angiography despite high suspicion and later underwent emergent lifesaving mediastinal exploration and repair. Second case had a delayed presentation of inferior STEMI and cardiac tamponade. These cases highlight the diagnostic challenges and variable presentations of left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR).

Patient- And Proxy-Reported Outcome Measures For Use In Pulmonary Hypertension: Study Protocol For A Cosmin-Based Systematic Review, Meredith T. Yeung, Melissa Y. Chan

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe and progressive disease that significantly affects patients' physical, emotional, and social well-being. Despite advances in medical therapies, managing PH remains challenging, and the need for practical, patient-centred tools to evaluate therapeutic outcomes is critical. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) and proxy-reported outcome measures (proxy ROM) are pivotal in assessing the therapeutic impacts of interventions, including symptom relief, treatment efficacy, and quality of life. However, there has yet to be a comprehensive review of the psychometric properties of these tools in PH, hindering their optimal use in both clinical practice and research. This protocol outlines …

Infective Endocarditis And Meningitis In A Healthy Newborn Without Underlying Heart Disease, Due To Streptococcus Agalactiae - A Case Report., Dalal Siddig Idris, Muath Mohammed Al Ghamdi, Maria Laura Bellovalls, Mohammed Fararjeh

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Streptococcus Agalactiae endocarditis is a rare clinical entity in newborns with a normal structured heart. It is generally characterized by acute onset, the presence of large vegetations, rapid valvular destruction and frequent complications, particularly embolization. Mortality is high with medical therapy alone. We are reporting a rare case of infective endocarditis (IE) with mitral valve vegetation in a 9-day old healthy newborn following Streptococcus Agalactiae sepsis, complicated by meningitis and micro-abscesses. Mitral valve (MV) vegetation was removed surgically; the patient received intravenous antibiotics for six weeks. Transthoracic echocardiography after surgery showed severe MV regurgitation and severe pulmonary hypertension which was …

Understanding The Burden Of Myocardial Infarction And Patient Preferences For Treatment: A Real-World Study Assessing Patients’ Perspectives Via An Online Survey, M. Cecilia Bahit, Serge Korjian, Gerald Chi, Yazan Daaboul, Alberto Castro Molina, Ginger Jiang, Christiana Dangas, Mudit Tandon, Deepak L. Bhatt, Roxana Mehran, Harriette G.C. Van Spall, Paul Nara, Alka Shaunik, Charles Michael Gibson

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains to be associated with a high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and disease burden. This study assessed patient perspectives on the burden of disease and treatment in the first year post-MI.

Methods: Data were collected via a self-administered online questionnaire posted on the Carenity patient platform in the United States (10/30/2022−12/30/2022). Only patients who had an MI in the prior year were eligible for inclusion.

Results: A total of 151 patients completed the survey. The majority were men (69%), median age was 50 years, and 38% had an MI within the previous 90 days. Overall, …

Effectiveness Of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists In The Treatment Of Heart Failure, Lisa Kristen Schloemann

SIU Journal of Medical Science Scholarly Works

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the use of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) in heart failure (HF) treatment considering the HF phenotype and comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity.

Method: A PubMed and Google Scholar literature search was conducted with search terms, HF and GLP-1 RA. Seven pertinent articles were retrieved and served as the basis for this clinical review.

Results: The efficacy of GLP-1 RA therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fractions (HFrEF) is unclear, with one study showing increased adverse cardiac events including tachyarrhythmias, and …

Appropriate Application Of Cardiac Telemetry Monitoring: A Quality Improvement Initiative, Muhammad H. Sharif, Abdullah A. Orakzai, Nauman Naeem, Omofolarin Babayale, Basil George Verghese

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Background: Telemetry is an important clinical tool but it can be overutilized and leads to a higher cost of patient care and negative patient experience. We conducted this study to assess the effectiveness of our educational intervention in reducing inappropriate use of telemetry and to determine if there is any difference between the two types of educational interventions.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective in-patient study that included all non-ICU patients admitted on a randomly selected mid-week day at our hospital. A 2-step educational intervention was used separated by a 5-week period. The first, a PowerPoint presentation regarding the updated 2017 …

Clinical Outcomes After Hospitalization For Acute Coronary Syndrome In Patients Treated With Semaglutide Versus Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Multicenter Analysis, Nameer Ascandar, Charles Boadu, Gauthier Stepman, George Skaf, Olugbenga Oyesanmi, Sabry Omar, Rias Ali, Michael Schandorf-Lartey

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Obesity is a chronic medical condition with a rising prevalence in the United States. A wide range of morbidity and mortality is associated with obesity, with coronary artery disease being among the most common. Ischemic heart disease continues to be the primary cause of death in the United States. Taken together, interventions to minimize the detrimental effects of obesity on patients at risk of heart disease will not only benefit the patient, but the health care system as well.

Methods

In this retrospective study, we used the HCA Healthcare enterprise data warehouse to identify all adult patients who were …