Diseases Commons^™

Rapidly Developing Optic Neuritis Secondary To Ethambutol: Possible Mechanism Of Injury, Sajjad Ali, Uzma Usman, Mohammad Wasay

Department of Medicine

Optic neuritis has been described among the toxic effects of Ethambutol. This side effect is dose related. The mean duration of Ethambutol induced optic neuritis (EON) is three months. We report a case of EON after few days of exposure to Ethambutol and the symptoms resolved after discontinuation of Ethambutol. This most likely represents an idiosyncratic reaction which is different as compared to dose related optic neuritis.

A Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Enhancer Of Myc Transforming Potential Stabilizes Myc-Tip60 Transcriptional Interactions, Soumya Awasthi, Anima Sharma, Kasuen Wong, Junyu Zhang, Elizabeth F. Matlock, Lowery Rogers, Pamela Motloch, Shigeki Takemoto, Hirokuni Taguchi, Michael D. Cole

Dartmouth Scholarship

The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infects and transforms CD4+ lymphocytes and causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an aggressive lymphoproliferative disease that is often fatal. Here, we demonstrate that the HTLV-1 pX splice-variant p30II markedly enhances the transforming potential of Myc and transcriptionally activates the human cyclin D2 promoter, dependent upon its conserved Myc-responsive E-box enhancer elements, which are associated with increased S-phase entry and multinucleation. Enhancement of c-Myc transforming activity by HTLV-1 p30II is dependent upon the transcriptional coactivators, transforming transcriptional activator protein/p434 and TIP60, and it requires TIP60 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity and correlates with the …

Ponderal Index, Jabeen Fayyaz

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Alzheimer's Disease And Contrast Sensitivity: Implications For Everyday Functioning, Sandra Neargarder

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

News From Cart, Patricia J. Fanning, Amos Nwosu

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Thought Suppression Change In Cancer Patients And Survivors After Writing, Erin O'Carroll Bantum

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Breast cancer is a debilitating and many times fatal disease that will affect approximately 215,990 women in the United States alone this year. Treatment for breast cancer can involve many physically and psychologically straining features. The illness perception theory states that individuals form illness representations to make sense of health threats and illness. These representations contain a number of individual, specific attributes about the illness identity, and cause, time-line, consequences of, and cure/control of the illness. Many women who have experienced breast cancer have also been found to be keeping their thoughts inside. Thought suppression has been linked to many …

Weast Nile Virus Serosurveillance In Iowa White-Tailed Deer (1999-2003), Julian Santatella, Robert Mclean, Jeffrey S. Hall, James S. Gill, Richard A. Bowen, Harlo H. Hadow, Larry Clark

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Sera from white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were collected in Iowa during the winter months (1999-2003), 2 years before and after West Nile virus (WNV) was first reported in Iowa (2001), and were analyzed for antibodies to WNV. Samples from 1999 to 2001 were antibody negalive by blocking enzyme-linikedI immunosorbent assay (bELISA) and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT₉₀). Prevalence derived from bELISA (2002, 12.7%; 2003. 11.2%) and WNV PRNT₉₀ (2002,7.9%; 2003, 8.5%) assays were similar. All sanlples were negative for antibodies against St. Louis encephalitis virus as determined by PRNT₉₀. Antibodies to flaviviruses were …

Effects Of Combining The Fungi Beauveria Bassiana And Metarhiziumanisopliae On The Mortality Of The Tick Amblyomma Variegatum (Ixodidae) In Relation To Seasonal Changes, R. O. Maranga, G. P. Kaaya, J. M. Mueke, A. Hassanali

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effect of formulation, fungal concentration, type and seasonal changes on the mortality of the tick Amblyomma variegatum was investigated. A previous study demonstrated high pathogenicity of strains of the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against the ticks Rhipicephalus appendiculatus and Amblyomma variegatum (Kaaya et al. J Invertebr Pathol 1996; 67: 15-20). The present study was undertaken to explore possible additive or synergistic effects of the two fungi on A. variegatum. The effects of oil and water formulations at different concentrations of each fungus and combination of the two on the mortality of A. variegatum in the laboratory and …

A New Interpretation Of The Drug Levodopa In The Treatment Of Parkinson's Disease, Joanne T. Vannah

Graduate Masters Theses

An argument for levodopa induced dyskinesias (LID) as an expression of long term potentiation (LTP) in the striatum is presented. Normally, with an intact nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) input, long term depression (LTD) is expressed in the striatum, however, striatal LTD is lost following DA denervation and chronic levodopa treatment. It is possible that these changes in synaptic efficacy are due to two other chemical modulators, achetylcholine (ACh) and glutamate, which in turn leads to the induction of striatal LTP. ACh and glutamate may produce these changes in motor behavior by affecting the striosomal pathway in addition to their effect on …

Prognosis Of Stage Ii Colon Cancer By Non-Neoplastic Mucosa Gene Expresssion Profiling, Alain Barrier, Sandrine Dudoit, Et Al.

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Aims. This study assessed the possibility to build a prognosis predictor, based on non-neoplastic mucosa microarray gene expression measures, in stage II colon cancer patients. Materials and Methods. Non-neoplastic colonic mucosa mRNA samples from 24 patients (10 with a metachronous metastasis, 14 with no recurrence) were profiled using the Affymetrix HGU133A GeneChip. The k-nearest neighbor method was used for prognosis prediction using microarray gene expression measures. Leave-one-out cross-validation was used to select the number of neighbors and number of informative genes to include in the predictor. Based on this information, a prognosis predictor was proposed and its accuracy estimated by …

Colon Cancer Prognosis Prediction By Gene Expression Profiling, Alain Barrier, Sandrine Dudoit, Et Al.

U.C. Berkeley Division of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Aims. This study assessed the possibility to build a prognosis predictor, based on microarray gene expression measures, in stage II and III colon cancer patients. Materials and Methods. Tumour (T) and non-neoplastic mucosa (NM) mRNA samples from 18 patients (9 with a recurrence, 9 with no recurrence) were profiled using the Affymetrix HGU133A GeneChip. The k-nearest neighbour method was used for prognosis prediction using T and NM gene expression measures. Six-fold cross-validation was applied to select the number of neighbours and the number of informative genes to include in the predictors. Based on this information, one T-based and one NM-based …

Preparing For A Lonely Day, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Requirements For Vibrio Cholerae Hapr Binding And Transcriptional Repression At The Hapr Promoter Are Distinct From Those At The Apha Promoter, Wei Lin, Gabriela Kovacikova, Karen Skorupski

Dartmouth Scholarship

Virulence gene expression in certain strains of Vibrio cholerae is regulated in response to cell density by a quorum-sensing cascade that influences the levels of the LuxR homolog HapR through small regulatory RNAs that control the stability of its message. At high cell density, HapR represses the expression of the gene encoding the virulence gene activator AphA by binding to a site between −85 and −58 in the aphA promoter. We show here that a second binding site for HapR lies within the hapR promoter from which it functions to repress its own transcription. This site, as determined by gel …

Effects Of Sickle Cell Disease On Growth Of The Craniofacial Complexes, Timothy Charles Bandeen

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder affecting over 100,000 African Americans. While once lethal, medical treatment now allows those with SCD to lead comparatively normal lives, and these children are more frequently seeking orthodontic treatment. We report here on a cephalometric study of a contemporary cohort of 62 children with SCD (27 SC and 35 SS genotypes). This was a cross-sectional study of children from the MidSouth between 3 and 16 years of age, and results were co mpared to standards in Richardson’s Atlas of growth of American Black children in Nashville, TN. Raw values were converted to …

The Ups And Downs Of Waiting For A Cure, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Trefoil Factor 2 (Tff2) Deficiency In Murine Digestive Tract Influences The Immune System, M. Baus- Loncar, J. Schmid, El-Nasir Lalani, I. Rosewell, R. A. Goodlad, H. G.W. Stamp, N. Blin, T. Kayademir

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background & Aims:

The gastrointestinal trefoil factor family (TFF1, TFF2, TFF3) peptides are considered to play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the mucosa. The physiological role of TFF2 in the protection of the GI tract was investigated in TFF2 deficiency.

Methods:

TFF2-/- mice were generated and differential expression of various genes was assessed by using a mouse expression microarray, quantitative real time PCR, Northern blots or immunohistochemistry.

Results:

On an mRNA level we found 128 differentially expressed genes. We observed modulation of a number of crucial genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity in the TFF2-/- mice. …

The Sensitivity And Specificity Of Markers For Event Times, Tianxi Cai, Margaret S. Pepe, Thomas Lumley, Yingye Zheng, Nancy Swords Jenny

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

A Mathematical Model For Treatment-Resistant Mutations Of Hiv, Helen Moore, Weiqing Gu

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

In this paper, we propose and analyze a mathematical model, in the form of a system of ordinary differential equations, governing mutated strains of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and their interactions with the immune system and treatments. Our model incorporates two types of resistant mutations: strains that are not responsive to protease inhibitors, and strains that are not responsive to reverse transcriptase inhibitors. It also includes strains that do not have either of these two types of resistance (wild-type virus) and strains that have both types. We perform our analysis by changing the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to …

Hiv/Aids And Condom Usage: Factors That Contribute To African American Women's Vulnerability To Hiv Infection, Monica P. Washington

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

HIV/AIDS poses an enormous health threat to African Americans, specifically African American women. According to the Center for Disease Control "1 in 160 African American women are believed to be infected with HIV (Center for Disease Control 1999:1). In 2000, although African American women only represented 12% of the female population, they accounted for 64% of HIV cases reported among women (The White House 2000; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 2004).

This study examined HIV/AIDS and African American women and attempted to answer the question: Why are African American women not consistently using condoms to protect themselves against …

Identification Of A Tcpc-Tcpq Outer Membrane Complex Involved In The Biogenesis Of The Toxin-Coregulated Pilus Of Vibrio Cholerae, Niranjan Bose, Ronald K. Taylor

Dartmouth Scholarship

The toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) of Vibrio cholerae and the soluble TcpF protein that is secreted via the TCP biogenesis apparatus are essential for intestinal colonization. The TCP biogenesis apparatus is composed of at least nine proteins but is largely uncharacterized. TcpC is an outer membrane lipoprotein required for TCP biogenesis that is a member of the secretin protein superfamily. In the present study, analysis of TcpC in a series of strains deficient in each of the TCP biogenesis proteins revealed that TcpC was absent specifically in a tcpQ mutant. TcpQ is a predicted periplasmic protein required for TCP biogenesis. Fractionation …

The Devil In The Details: Evidence For The Affliction Of Lyme Disease In Seventeenth Century Massachusetts, Mary Drymon Derose Ma

All Student Scholarship

This study looks for evidence that Lyme disease is an old affliction that predates its "discovery" in Connecticut in the nineteen seventies. It analyzes the role that Lyme disease may have played in the history of English settlement in Massachusetts during the seventeenth century. Early settlers at Plymouth and in the Boston area described sicknesses that they suffered from at contact as being the result of starvation and scurvy. In 1692, the residents of the Salem Village area were describing physical and mental afflictions that they felt were caused by witchcraft. Some of the seventeenth-century symptoms are very similar to …

Seeing Mom (Part Ii): A Family's Emotions, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Seeing Mom (Part I): Falling Down, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

What Is Wrong With Grandma?, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Hd's Financial Devastation, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Inside Unlv, Erin O'Donnell, Carol C. Harter, Cate Weeks, Nancy Syzdek

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

To Go – Or Not To Go – Public, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

At Risk, But Not Alone, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

A Monkey’S Tale: The Origin Of Plasmodium Vivax As A Human Malaria Parasite, Ananias A. Escalante, Omar E. Cornejo, Denise E. Freeland, Amanda C. Poe, Ester Durrego, William E. Collins, Altaf A. Lal

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

The high prevalence of Duffy negativity (lack of the Duffy blood group antigen) among human populations in sub-Saharan Africa has been used to argue that Plasmodium vivax originated on that continent. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic relationships among 10 species of Plasmodium that infect primates by using three genes, two nuclear (β-tubulin and cell division cycle 2) and a gene from the plastid genome (the elongation factor Tu). We find compelling evidence that P. vivax is derived from a species that inhabited macaques in Southeast Asia. Specifically, those phylogenies that include P. vivax as an ancient lineage from …

Giving Up My Dreams, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.