Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Commons^™

Dietary Management Of A 7-Year-Old Boy With S-Adenosylhomocysteine Hydrolase (Sah) Deficiency, Page Meachum, Garrett Gotway

2021

No abstract provided.

Identification Of Infant Feeding Practices In Eastern Kentucky And Southern West Virginia That Correlate With High Weight-For-Length, Havilah R. Adkins

DNP Projects

Background: Approximately 20% of children in the United States are obese. West Virginia and Kentucky rank in the top 10 for obesity rates in children as young as 2-4 years old. Obesity increases the risk for numerous short-term health problems and impacts long-term health, development, quality of life, and life expectancy. Research indicates that obesogenic behaviors can be addressed prior to the development of obesity or significant health problems to prevent, rather than treat. Interventions targeting caregivers of infants younger than 2-years can promote early development of healthy feeding habits that persist through the developmental stages of nutrition. Before a …

Gut Microbiota Profiles Of Young South Indian Children: Child Sex-Specific Relations With Growth, Nirupama Shivakumar, Ambily Sivadas, Sarita Devi, Farook Jahoor, John Mclaughlin, Craig P Smith, Anura V Kurpad, Arpita Mukhopadhyay

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Gut microbiota has been implicated as a modifier of childhood growth. Here, 16S rRNA sequencing-based fecal microbiota profiles of 18-24 month old Indian children were evaluated (n = 41), in relation to their anthropometric parameters, intestinal permeability, body composition and total energy expenditure. Pathway analyses were conducted to assess microbial functions related to stunting, underweight and wasting. The fecal microbiota was enriched in Prevotella 9, Bifidobacterium and Escherichia-Shigella. Weight, weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ) and weight-for-length Z-scores (WLZ), along with age, acted as covariates of microbiota variation specifically in boys (n = 23). Bifidobacterium longum subsp longum abundance was positively associated with …

Disordered Eating, Food Insecurity, And Weight Status Among Transgender And Gender Nonbinary Youth And Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using A Nutrition Screening Protocol, Whitney R. Linsenmeyer, Ian M. Katz, Jaime L. Reed, Andrea M. Giedinghagen, Christopher B. Lewis, Sarah K. Garwood

Psychology Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of and relationships among disordered eating, food insecurity, and weight status among transgender and gender nonbinary youth and young adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a screening protocol to assess disordered eating and food insecurity risk from September to December of 2019 at a gender clinic using five validated measures: (1) previous eating disorder diagnosis (yes/no); (2) Sick, Control, One Stone, Fat, Food Questionnaire (SCOFF); (3) Adolescent Binge Eating Disorder Questionnaire (ADO-BED); (4) Nine-Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen (NIAS); and (5) Hunger Vital Sign. Age, assigned sex at …

How Minority Parents Could Help Children Develop Healthy Eating Behaviors: Parent And Child Perspectives, Chishinga Callender, Denisse Velazquez, Meheret Adera, Jayna M Dave, Norma Olvera, Tzu-An Chen, Shana Alford, Debbe Thompson

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Minority children and children living in under-resourced households are at the greatest risk for obesity and diet-related disparities. Identifying effective strategies to reduce these risks is an important step in child obesity prevention. Parents influence the home environment and play a critical role in child obesity prevention. Eighteen parent–child dyads living in under-resourced Houston area communities participated in a mixed methods study (online surveys, telephone interviews). The purpose of the research reported here was to conduct a secondary analysis of the qualitative data to explore Black/African American and Hispanic parent and child perspectives of the ways in which parents could …

Differences In Adolescent Activity And Dietary Behaviors Across Home, School, And Other Locations Warrant Location-Specific Intervention Approaches., Adrian Ortega, Carolina M. Bejarano, Christopher C. Cushing, Vincent S. Staggs, Amy Papa, Chelsea Steel, Robin P. Shook, Debra K. Sullivan, Sarah C. Couch, Terry L. Conway, Brian E. Saelens, Karen Glanz, Lawrence D. Frank, Kelli L. Cain, Jacqueline Kerr, Jasper Schipperijn, James F Sallis, Jordan A. Carlson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Investigation of physical activity and dietary behaviors across locations can inform "setting-specific" health behavior interventions and improve understanding of contextual vulnerabilities to poor health. This study examined how physical activity, sedentary time, and dietary behaviors differed across home, school, and other locations in young adolescents.

METHODS: Participants were adolescents aged 12-16 years from the Baltimore-Washington, DC and the Seattle areas from a larger cross-sectional study. Participants (n = 472) wore an accelerometer and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) tracker (Mean days = 5.12, SD = 1.62) to collect location-based physical activity and sedentary data. Participants (n = 789) completed 24-h …

Beyond Clinical Food Prescriptions And Mobile Markets: Parent Views On The Role Of A Healthcare Institution In Increasing Healthy Eating In Food Insecure Families., Emily Dewit, Emily Meissen-Sebelius, Robin P. Shook, Kimberly Pina, Evelyn Donis De Miranda, Michelle J. Summar, Emily A. Hurley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Children in food-insecure families face increased barriers to meeting recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption. Hospitals and pediatric healthcare institutions have attempted to alleviate food-insecurity through various internal programs like food prescriptions, yet little evidence for these programs exist. Consistent with a patient-centered perspective, we sought to develop a comprehensive understanding of barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption and a parent-driven agenda for healthcare system action.

METHODS: We conducted six qualitative focus group discussions (four in English, two in Spanish) with 29 parents and caregivers of patients who had screened positive for food-insecurity during visits to a large pediatric …

Teachers’ Perceptions And Understanding Of Children’S Fluid Intake, Kristy Howells, Tara Coppinger

Publications

No public health data exists on elementary teachers’ perceptions of both their own fluid intake and of their elementary school aged children’s fluid intake. A total of 271 (20 males, 251 females) teachers in developed areas of Australia, Belgium, England, Ireland, United Arab Emirates, and the United States of America completed an online questionnaire (Feb–Mar 2019) on: (i) their fluid intake, (ii) their perception and understanding of children’s fluid intake and (iii) barriers in the school day that they felt prevented school children consuming fluids. Overall, the data indicated that teachers consume considerably lower amounts than recommended themselves, but have …

Deprivation Matters: Understanding Associations Between Neighbourhood Deprivation, Unhealthy Food Outlets, Unhealthy Dietary Behaviours And Child Body Size Using Structural Equation Modelling., Victoria Egli, Matthew Hobbs, Jordan A. Carlson, Niamh Donnellan, Lisa Mackay, Daniel Exeter, Karen Villanueva, Caryn Zinn, Melody Smith

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Children residing in neighbourhoods of high deprivation are more likely to have poorer health, including excess body size. While the availability of unhealthy food outlets are increasingly considered important for excess child body size, less is known about how neighbourhood deprivation, unhealthy food outlets and unhealthy dietary behaviours are interlinked.

METHODS: This study involves children aged 8-13 years (n=1029) and resided in Auckland, New Zealand. Unhealthy dietary behaviours (frequency of consumption of unhealthy snacks and drinks) and food purchasing behaviour on the route to and from school were self-reported. Height and waist circumference were measured to calculate waist-to-height ratio …

The Dietary Management Of Calcium And Phosphate In Children With Ckd Stages 2-5 And On Dialysis-Clinical Practice Recommendation From The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce., Louise Mcalister, Pearl Pugh, Laurence Greenbaum, Dieter Haffner, Lesley Rees, Caroline Anderson, An Desloovere, Christina Nelms, Michiel Oosterveld, Fabio Paglialonga, Nonnie Polderman, Leila Qizalbash, José Renken-Terhaerdt, Jetta Tuokkola, Bradley A. Warady, Johan Vande Walle, Vanessa Shaw, Rukshana Shroff

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

In children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), optimal control of bone and mineral homeostasis is essential, not only for the prevention of debilitating skeletal complications and achieving adequate growth but also for preventing vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease. Complications of mineral bone disease (MBD) are common and contribute to the high morbidity and mortality seen in children with CKD. Although several studies describe the prevalence of abnormal calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, and vitamin D levels as well as associated clinical and radiological complications and their medical management, little is known about the dietary requirements and management of calcium (Ca) and …

Energy And Protein Requirements For Children With Ckd Stages 2-5 And On Dialysis-Clinical Practice Recommendations From The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce., Vanessa Shaw, Nonnie Polderman, José Renken-Terhaerdt, Fabio Paglialonga, Michiel Oosterveld, Jetta Tuokkola, Caroline Anderson, An Desloovere, Laurence Greenbaum, Dieter Haffner, Christina Nelms, Leila Qizalbash, Johan Vande Walle, Bradley A. Warady, Rukshana Shroff, Lesley Rees

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Dietary management in pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an area fraught with uncertainties and wide variations in practice. Even in tertiary pediatric nephrology centers, expert dietetic input is often lacking. The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce (PRNT), an international team of pediatric renal dietitians and pediatric nephrologists, was established to develop clinical practice recommendations (CPRs) to address these challenges and to serve as a resource for nutritional care. We present CPRs for energy and protein requirements for children with CKD stages 2-5 and those on dialysis (CKD2-5D). We address energy requirements in the context of poor growth, obesity, and different …

Unraveling Complexity About Childhood Obesity And Nutritional Interventions: Modeling Interactions Among Psychological Factors., Keith Feldman, Gisela M B Solymos, Maria Paula De Albuquerque, Nitesh V. Chawla

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

As the global prevalence of childhood obesity continues to rise, researchers and clinicians have sought to develop more effective and personalized intervention techniques. In doing so, obesity interventions have expanded beyond the traditional context of nutrition to address several facets of a child's life, including their psychological state. While the consideration of psychological features has significantly advanced the view of obesity as a holistic condition, attempts to associate such features with outcomes of treatment have been inconclusive. We posit that such uncertainty may arise from the univariate manner in which features are evaluated, focusing on a particular aspect such as …

Improving Malnutrition Identification In The Outpatient Setting, Kristi Thaete, Karen Stephens

Posters

Identification of Pediatric Malnutrition in Outpatient Clinics is the First Step to Allowing Registered Dietitian (RD) Involvement in the Improvement of Patient Care.

Scurvy Presenting With Limp And Weakness: A Case Report., Robin M. Lund, Mara L. Becker, Steven Shapiro, Tyler Allison, Julia G. Harris

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Scurvy is one of the oldest diseases known to mankind. Although presently rare in the developed world, scurvy was a common potentially fatal disease. In recent times, the most common risk factors for scurvy include alcoholism, low socioeconomic status, and severely poor nutrition or dietary restriction secondary to psychiatric illness or developmental disorders. Our case demonstrates the importance of having a high index of clinical suspicion of an uncommon disease in developed countries and emphasizes the necessity of a dietary screening that could potentially reduce extensive work-up in patients with nonspecific complaints.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of …

The Nutritional Value Of Children's Menus In Chain Restaurants In The United Kingdom And Ireland, Michelle Young, Tara Coppinger, Sue Reeves

Publications

Objective: Obesity in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland is rising, as is the frequency of eating out in restaurants. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional quality of children's menus in restaurants. Design: Cross-sectional review of menus aimed at children from 20 popular chain restaurants in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Main Outcome Measures: Total energy, fat, saturated fat, and salt were collected from every food item on the menu in each restaurant. All potential meal combinations were created. A total of 39,266 meals were analysed. Analysis: Meals were compared with UK nutritional guidelines. …

Initiating The Ketogenic Diet In Infants With Treatment Refractory Epilepsy While Maintaining A Breast Milk Diet, Jean-Baptist Lepichon, Lindsey M. Thompson, Megan Gustafson, Ahmed Abdelmoity

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

© 2019 The Authors

Purpose: The ketogenic diet has been found to be safe and effective in the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy in childhood. The age range of children undergoing this treatment has steadily been going down. There is strong evidence that it is a safe alternative in infants with drug resistant seizures. The American Academy of Pediatrics strongly supports continuing a breast milk diet until infants are at least six months of age. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the ketogenic diet in infants while maintaining a breast milk diet.

Method: …

A Time-Friendly, Feasible Measure Of Nutrition Knowledge In Type 1 Diabetes: The Electronic Nutrition And Carbohydrate Counting Quiz (Encq)., Arwen M. Marker, Amy E. Noser, Nicole Knecht, Mark A. Clements, Susana R. Patton

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Greater knowledge about nutrition and carbohydrate counting are associated with improved glycemic control and quality of life in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, limited assessments of nutrition and carbohydrate knowledge have been developed, and existing measures can be time-consuming, overly broad, or not conducive to routine clinical use. To fill this gap, we developed and examined the feasibility of administering the electronic Nutrition and Carbohydrate Counting Quiz (eNCQ).

METHOD: Ninety-two caregivers and 70 youth with T1D (mean age 12.5 years; mean time since diagnosis 5 years; English speaking) completed the 19-item eNCQ via tablet during a routine …

Quantification Of Lutein + Zeaxanthin Presence In Human Placenta And Correlations With Blood Levels And Maternal Dietary Intake, Melissa Thoene

Theses & Dissertations

Lutein + zeaxanthin are carotenoids most recognized in eye health, but less is known about their status and transfer during pregnancy. While quantified in maternal and umbilical cord blood, they have never been analyzed in placenta tissue. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to firstly quantify lutein + zeaxanthin concentrations in human placenta and to later correlate with levels in maternal dietary intake, maternal serum, and umbilical cord blood. Proportions of lutein + zeaxanthin will also be compared within diet, placenta, maternal serum, and umbilical cord blood among additionally analyzed carotenoids including lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, and β-carotene. Lutein + …

The Evidence For The Benefits From Breast Milk In The Neurodevelopment Of Premature Babies – A Review Of The Recent Literature, Danuta Iulia Paduraru

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. The brain in preterm babies is usually not fully developed and therefore early post-term events can have long-lasting neurodevelopment and cognitive outcomes. It is known that cerebral white matter connectivity is important for later intact cognitive functioning amongst children born very preterm and that breast milk imparts neurotrophic factors. The relationship between breastfeeding and child development is a long and well-studied area, and the evidence in support of breast milk is already substantial. Here we review the recent literature on the topic to establish whether additional evidence is available to strengthen the view that breast milk is superior in …

Dexa Use For Early Detection Of Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis-Related Bone Disease, Christina Baldwin, Renallie Arcinas, Melissa Ham, Stacie Hunter, Megha Mehta, Preeti Sharma, Prigi Anu Varghese, Kelli Williams, David M. Troendle, Meghana Sathe

2018

No abstract provided.

Improving Weight For Length In Infants With Cystic Fibrosis, Christina Baldwin, Lauren Lazar, Stacie Hunter, Meghana Sathe

2018

No abstract provided.

Blunted Serum 25(Oh)D Response To Vitamin D3 Supplementation In Children With Autism, Conor Kerley, Basil Elnazir, Peter Greally, David Coghlan

Articles

Introduction: Data suggest a potential role for vitamin D in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevention and treatment. It is likely that the serum response to vitamin D supplementation contributes to its effectiveness. Multiple factors affect serum vitamin D 25(OH)D response to supplementation.

Methods: We conducted post-hoc analysis of two double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCT) of vitamin D3 supplementation, one RCT involving children with ASD and another involving children with asthma. Both trials were conducted in the same geographic location (Dublin, Ireland, 53°N), conducted over Winter season and utilized the same vitamin D3 dose (2000 IU/day).

Results: We …

Teen, Parent, And Clinician Expectations About Obesity And Related Conditions During The Annual Well-Child Visit, Andrew S. Bossick, Charles Barone, Gwen L. Alexander, Heather A. Olden, Tanya Troy, Andrea E. Cassidy-Bushrow

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: This study aimed to examine family (patient, parent/guardian) and clinician preferences for identification and management of obesity and obesity-related conditions during the well-child visit.

Methods: Four focus groups with teen patients (n = 16), four focus groups with parents (n = 15) and one focus group with providers (n = 12) were conducted using a structured moderator guide tailored to each population. Eligible patients had a well-child visit during the past 12 months and a diagnosis of overweight, obesity, hyperlipidemia or elevated blood pressure. Parents who attended their child’s well-child visit and whose child met the diagnostic …

Assessment Of Dietary Intake Of Children With Chronic Kidney Disease., Wun Fung Hui, Aisha Betoko, Jonathan D. Savant, Alison G. Abraham, Larry A. Greenbaum, Bradley A. Warady, Marva M. Moxey-Mims, Susan L. Furth

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to characterize the nutrient intake of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) relative to recommended intake levels.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of dietary intake assessed by Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) in The North American Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study. Nutrient intake was analyzed to estimate the daily consumption levels of various nutrients and compared with national guidelines for intake.

RESULTS: There were 658 FFQs available for analysis; 69.9 % of respondents were boys, with a median age [Interquartile range (IQR)] of 11 years (8-15). Median daily sodium, potassium, and phosphorus …

Complementary And Alternative Medicine (Cam) And Adolescent Body Mass Index (Bmi): A National Population-Based Study, Laura Y. Defrain Lpn

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE (CAM) AND ADOLESCENT BODY MASS INDEX (BMI): A NATIONAL POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Abstract

Background

Childhood obesity rates in the United States have remained around 17% since the 1990s - this figure translates to an estimated 12.7 million obese children. Maintaining a healthy weight through adolescence may limit subsequent health risks in adulthood. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) encompasses a variety of non-pharmacological treatments and lifestyle choices that have been utilized in addition to or in place of typical Western medicine. The relationship between adolescent Body mass index (BMI) and the use of complementary and alternative medicine has …

Dyslipidemia And Food Security In Low-Income Us Adolescents: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2010., June M Tester, Barbara A Laraia, Cindy W Leung, Michele L. Mietus-Snyder

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Low levels of food security are associated with dyslipidemia and chronic disease in adults, particularly in women. There is a gap in knowledge about the relationship between food security among youth and dyslipidemia and chronic disease. We investigated the relationship between food security status and dyslipidemia among low-income adolescents.

METHODS: We analyzed data from adolescents aged 12 to 18 years (N = 1,072) from households with incomes at or below 200% of the federal poverty level from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2010. We used logistic regression to examine the relationship between household food security status …

Ketogenic Diet Decreases Emergency Room Visits And Hospitalizations Related To Epilepsy., Husam R. Kayyali, Anastasia Luniova, Ahmed Abdelmoity

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background. Approximately, one-third of patients with epilepsy are refractory to pharmacological treatment which mandates extensive medical care and imposes significant economic burden on patients and their societies. This study intends to assess the impact of the treatment with ketogenic diet (KD) on reducing seizure-related emergency room visits and hospitalizations in children with refractory epilepsy. Methods. This is a retrospective review of children treated with the KD in one tertiary center. We compared a 12 months' period prior to KD with 12 months after the diet was started in regard to the number of emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, …

Project Spraoi: A Strategy To Improve Nutrition And Increase Physical Activity In Primary School Children, Lisa Delaney

Masters

Introduction: Paediatric obesity has become a global epidemic with many countries developing strategies to help tackle its prevalence. School based physical activity (PA) and nutrition interventions have proven to play a promising role in tackling childhood obesity.

Background: Project Spraoi is an Irish primary school based intervention. The intervention was delivered to an intervention school to help enhance PA and nutritional behaviour amongst pupils. The intervention school was assigned an ‘Energizer’; a trained PA and nutrition change agent who worked with the school to achieve the objectives. For evaluation purposes a control school was recruited.

Methodology: Pupils from the intervention …

A Coordinated School Health Approach To Obesity Prevention Among Appalachian Youth: Middle School Student Outcomes From The Winning With Wellness Project, William T. Dalton Iii, Karen Schetzina, Elizabeth Conway-Williams

International Journal of Health Sciences Education

The Winning With Wellness (WWW) project was a school-based obesity prevention program that was developed to promote healthy eating and physical activity in youth residing in rural Appalachia. The project was based on the Coordinated School Health model (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2013a) and used a community-based participatory research approach with an emphasis on feasibility and sustainability. The purpose of this study was to examine self-reported health outcomes for middle school students across the course of the intervention. Sixth grade middle school students (N = 149; 52% girls) from four schools in Northeast Tennessee completed a …

The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative, Kathryn E. Brackett

Senior Honors Theses

Abstract

The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a worldwide movement started by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) that is aimed at providing hospitals with a certification that guarantees the best possible patient-centered care for mothers and infants. It focuses on breastfeeding as optimal infant nutrition, and implements strategies to encourage and support mothers to breastfeed their infants exclusively for six months after birth. The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding are a set of 10 simple, easy to understand guidelines developed by WHO and UNICEF for implementing this initiative in the hospital setting and …