Orthodontics and Orthodontology Commons^™

Three Dimensional Computed Tomography Utilized In Cephalometry – A Technical Investigation, Chih-Yu Chen, Hsun-Heng Tsai, Kuo-Chang Yeh, Li-Wen Lin, Wei-Te Wu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Current cephalometry in dentistry relies on plain lateral films to evaluate craniofacial structure of patients. This concept is based on 2D images which are difficult to apply in complicated craniofacial structures. The purpose of this study is to develop a 3D cephalometric analysis by reconstructing the 3D-CT skull images, which provides landmark identification and Downs analysis in the 3D software. This system also has the feature of multiple view windows, auto cephalometric measurement and counting, and simplified user's interface. A pilot study, using the landmark identification and cephalometric analysis which was processed by ten observers at two different times, was …

The Investigation Of The Taiwan Orthodontist Practice Behavior – Assistant Research, Tsui-Hsien Huang, Shiau-Lee Liew, Hung-Chih Chien, Yun-Ting Chen, Yi-Jyun Chen, Chia-Tze Kao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The orthodontic specialty developed more than twenty five years in Taiwan. The orthodontic assistant system and its training are still not formed. The orthodontist’s clinical management and assistant interrelationship is less reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the assistant role in orthodontic clinic. Totally one hundred and thirty two clinics were investigated. The assistant works and its correlated issue were calculated. The results showed most orthodontists allowed assistant works are including X ray taking, impression taking and oral hygiene education. The salary of the assistant that paid by orthodontists were ranged from 25000 to 40000 dollars. All …

Management Of Impacted Maxillary Central Incisors, Wen-Ching Tsai, Lin-Chan Lao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Although the incidence of impaction of the upper central incisor is not so frequent, with about 0.06% to 0.2% incidence rate, the occlusal relationship and symmetric esthetics of upper anterior dentition are obviously affected. The patient’s psychology may also be altered while situation getting worse. Thus, the differential diagnosis and treatment modalities for impaction of upper central incisor should be emphasized. For the guidance of clinical treatment, the following text would focus on factors about impaction of upper central incisor including the etiology, diagnostic method, treatment principles, and also the post-treatment rehabilitation and retention.

Correction Of Unexpected Post-Surgical Anterior Open Bite With Miniscrew Orthodontics – Case Report, Sam Sheng-Pin Hsu, Yu-Fang Liao, Hsin-Yi Hsieh, Grace Ya-Ying Teng, Yi-Ting Chiang, Shih-Han Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A case of anterior open bite with facial asymmetry is presented. The un-expected anterior open bite and retrusive mandible occurred shortly following orthognathic surgery (LeFort I - 3 pieces + Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy + genioplasty). The anterior open bite was then successfully corrected with miniscrew orthodontics.Possible causes of post-surgical anterior open bite and the treatment options were discussed comprehensively.

Cone-Beam Ct Facilitates The Diagnosis And Treatment Of An Orthodontic Case With Multiple Maxillary Anterior Teeth Impaction, Jhih-Wei Chen, Hui-Lin Chen, Chun-Liang Kuo

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Radiographic examination plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of impacted tooth. However, conventional plain radiographic image is insufficient to provide enough information about impacted teeth in the case with multiple impacted teeth. Recently, cone-beam computed tomography and 3-D image are advanced and more details about impacted teeth and neighboring structure could be delineated from 3-D image. The detailed information will greatly improve the accuracy of diagnosis and implantation of an appropriate orthodontic treatment. This case report here presents a child with 3 impacted teeth in right anterior maxilla. With the aid of 3-D cone-beam CT image, 2 impacted …

Changes In The Morphology Of Mandibular Symphysis Secondary To Pre-Surgical Dental Decompensation In Class Iii Malocclusion, Yu-Ching Wang, I-Ming Tsai, Hui-Ling Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the changes in morphology of mandibular symphysis in Class III malocclusion after pre-surgical dental decompensation. Thirteen patients underwent orthognathic surgery to correct Class III skeletal and dental malocclusions. The dental decompensation was indicated for these patients to gain greater setback amount of bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. The morphology was assessed through lateral cephalograms obtained initially and preoperatively. After pre-surgical dental decompensation, the sagittal discrepancies were maintained. There was statistically significant lower incisor proclination, and both the FMIA and IMPA approximated the norms. When the mandibular incisors were labially inclined, the thinner …

The Investigation Of The Taiwan Orthodontist Practice Behavior, Shiau-Lee Liew, Hung-Chih Chien, Yun-Ting Chen, Yi-Jyun Chen, Chia-Tze Kao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The orthodontic treatment is more popular at Taiwan in these twenty five years. The information of orthodontist’s clinic practice literature is few. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the orthodontists of Taiwan association of orthodontist (TAO) whose clinic practice behavior at north area of Taiwan. The investigations were done by the orthodontists answer on the questions. The questions were included administration of the clinic, the level of clinic computerized, the practice promotion and the influence of practice environment change. Totally one hundred and thirty two effects answer were recorded and calculated. The individually question outcomes were shown …

The Historical Progress Of The Orthodontics, Part Ii, Te-Ju Wu, Wen-Ching Tsai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

In the end of 19th century, based on hard working of predecessors, orthodontics has more glory development; many orthodontic theory and appliances were displayed. Among them, Edward Angle,「The father of modern orthodontics」,played the most important role. Owing to his passion and devotion of orthodontics, the profile of orthodontics was getting more and more clear. There are so many conflicts and controversy during the development of orthodontics. However, it is the agitation that bring the orthodontics whole new appearance, also with the improvement of clinical efficiency, the orthodontics is getting more close to the need of patient and the ideal treatment …

The Historical Progress Of The Orthodontics, Part I, Te-Ju Wu, Wen-Ching Tsai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The orthodontic treatment has become the popular choice while the public seeking for optimal occlusal function and esthetics. The discomfort accompanied with the treatment progress is gradually faded out by the post-treatment surprise. Taking a broad view, as the secret veil is lift off, the modern orthodontic treatment is chasing a whole new vision vigorously. However, as seeing the past, we should realize what we get now is not easily come by. Beginning from a division of oral medical science, the orthodontics is now regarded as a professional specialty. With the diversity, splash and the persistency for outstanding, the every …

Correction Of Mandibular Prognathism With Double- Jaw Surgery And Clockwise Rotation Of The Occlusal Plane- Case Report, Sam Sheng-Pin Hsu, Chiung-Shing Huang, Eric Jein-Wein Liou, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Clement Cheng-Hui Lin, Yu-Ray Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

An alternative surgical treatment plan was presented to show how to efficiently correct mandibular prognathism without large overjet discrepancy presented. The protrusive chin was eliminated through clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane and maxillo-mandibular complex. Within this method, no complicated orthodontic treatment was needed and the total treatment time was therefore shortened. The smiling arc was also improved. The philosophy, clinical application, long term stability, and side effects of the occlusal plane manipulation in orthognathic surgery were discussed.

Early Orthodontic Treatment For An Anterior Cross-Bite Malocclusion With Modified Hawley Appliance And 2×4 Fixed Appliance - A Case Report, Shang-Hung Tsai, Tzu-Hsin Lee

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The etiology of anterior cross-bite is multi-factor and the advocated treatment options were abundant. Early orthodontic treatments including chin-cap, face mask and palatal expansion have been recommended by many scholars. But some other clinicians would delay the orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery for Class III cases till the completion of growth, if there were no obvious detriment to patients’ oral function or psychological impact to their social life. However, for cases of non-skeletal anterior cross-bite (Pseudo-Class III) malocclusion, early orthodontic correction would be beneficial to normal maxillary forward growth and may prevent occlusal trauma of anterior teeth. This case …

The Possibility Of Acceleration In Orthodontic Tooth Movement, Yu-Jia Liou, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko, Eric Jein-Wein Liou, Betty Chien-Jung Pai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

In recent times, orthodontic treatment has attained significant interest and momentum. It has become more acceptable and admirable as a prime modality of treatment that not only enhances the facial esthetics but also can improve the function of the orofacial structures, than ever before. However, the layperson perceives it to be a treatment modality which consumes drastically longer period of time. Recent research pertaining to faster orthodontic tooth movement has dwelled in to this overwhelming area of reduced and more efficient treatment time. This review article specifically deals with such modalities of treatment which could elicit shorter treatment period than …

An Overview Of Motivation For Orthodontic Treatment, Hsin-Chung Cheng, Pei-Shuan Chen, Chun-Yi Kao, Chen-Chiou Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Factors that affect the results of orthodontic treatment are various, and the understanding of motivation for orthodontic treatment is one of the most important because of its reference value in clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. In the past, there was just a few researches relating to this subject and most of them were conducted by questionnaire. Because of the differences methods of experimental design, the results varied. This review paper collect related articles in recent twenty years and analyze them in seven ways, including the definition of motivation, factors affecting orthodontic motivation, the relationship between orthodontic motivation and malocclusion and …

A Review Of The Relationship Between Facial Morphology In Vertical Dimension And The Masticatory Musculature, Yu-Ting Chiu, Wen-Ching Ko

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The orthodontic treatment philosophy and strategy toward patients with different vertical facial pattern such as open bite or deep bite, long face or short face, are usually different. The relationship between facial morphology in vertical dimension and masticatory musculature are always interested by orthodontists. However, the cause and effect relationship between muscle function and facial morphology is still inconclusive. To get a better understanding of previous works, this article mainly reviews the relationship between function and form into three aspects: bite force, cross-sectional area of muscle, orientation and mechanical advantage of muscle.

Tooth Transposition, Ya-Ting Wang, Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang, Yi-Jane Chen, Chung-Chen Jane Yao, Eddie Hsiang-Hua Lai

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Tooth transposition is a big challenge for many orthodontists. We need more information and knowledge to diagnosis and plan treatment sequence correctly. However, let the teeth in the transposed position is sometimes the best choice after taking everything into consideration. But what is the etiology for teeth transposition？ How to diagnosis？Is there anything we could do to prevent teeth transposition？ All of these we would like to know. The purpose of this article is to review papers about tooth transposition. We hope it will be helpful for clinicians.

Orthodontic Molar Uprighting - Literature Review, Hsin-Yi Hsieh, Wen-Ching Ko, Chiung-Shing Huang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Tipped molar is a relatively common occurrence in adult dentition. The objective in orthodontic molar uprighting is ideal positioning of the molar which will eventually become an abutment tooth for a fixed prothesis. The ideal position will improve the periodontal environment for the molar. The benefits provided by molar uprignting are: abutment preparations are simplified; pontic design is improved; reduced mesial periodontal infra-bony defect and so on. In present review article, several appliances and techniques are described for uprighting molars.

Orthodontic Correction Of A Completely Transposed Impacted Maxillary Canine, Yi-Jen Tsai, Chung-Li Wang, Chun-Liang Kuo, Yi-Hua Liu, Chun-Hsiu Yang, Yu-Ling Tsai, Chien-Hung Lin

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

In complete dental transposition, aligning the transposed teeth to its normal anatomic position is always a complicated and difficult challenge, which needs multiple clinical considerations. This case report illustrates an orthodontic treatment of a 20-year-old female patient who had a concave profile, skeletal and dental Class III malocclusion with anterior crossbite and complete transposed maxillary left lateral incisor and impacted canine. The correction of transposition was performed by moving the canine by maintaining its high position in the vestibular fold and use lever arm and temporary anchorage device (TAD) to facilitate traction of the maxillary canine. Vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel …

Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea With Skeletal Class Ii Malocclusion Treated With Marpe And Maxillomandibular Advancement Surgery, Chao-Yu Jeremy Lu, Yu-Feng Chen, Yu-Chuan Tseng, Shih-Hsuan Lin

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

A 27-year-old male patient was diagnosed as severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), having problems of skeletal Class II jaw related with mandibular retrognathism, orthodivergent facial pattern, dental Class II malocclusion, and occlusal plane canting. By intervention of miniscrew assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) and maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), the clinical result presented significant improvement in functional and esthetic aspects after 18 months of treatment.

Strategies Of Non-Extraction Treatment For Class Lll Malocclusion, Tao-Wei Chang, Hoi-Shing Luk, Wen-Ken Tai, Chih-Chen Chou, Chia-Tze Kao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The decision of whether to have an extraction or non-extraction treatment plan is a controversial issue for an orthodontist. Many orthodontic techniques can help to resolve the crowding dentition by using the non-extraction treatment plan. This case report describes the correction of Class III molar malocclusion with the application of two mini-screws. The line of action of the force from the temporary anchorage devices pass through the center of resistance in the mandible, therefore the movement of the lower arch can be controlled without lingual tipping or intrusion of the mandibular incisors. At the end of the treatment, Class I …

Evaluation Of Pain-Relieving Effect Of Menthol And Benzocaine Patches In Orthodontic Patients: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial, Sanaz Soheilifar, Mehdi Zandian, Maryam Farhadian, Sara Soheilifar, Fatemeh Dehghani, Sepideh Soheilifar, Navid Naghdi

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effect of benzocaine and menthol patches on pain alleviation following elastomeric separator placement.
Patients and Methods: This triple-blind split-mouth trial was conducted on healthy 14-25 years old patients of orthodontic department. Eligibility criteria included presence of second premolar, first and second molars in both sides of the mandible, no chronic pain in oral cavity, or chronic consumption of analgesic drugs. Elastomeric separators were placed mesial and distal of first mandibular molars and patients were randomized into two groups: 1) menthol/ placebo patches, 2) benzocaine/ placebo patches. The mucosal patches were placed …

Important Orthodontic Considerations In Preparation Of Orthognathic Surgical Cases, Ib Leth Nielsen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Nowadays some adult patients seeking for orthodontic treatment may present severe malocclusion associated with pronounced skeletal discrepancies. Accordingly, thorough consideration and planning would be beneficial for the patient by the combined efforts of orthodontic and orthognathic approaches. This review reiterated the genetic impact on the growth velocity of the jaw with age in Class III malocclusion, and outlined the treatment protocol for the steps including the initial evaluation, the diagnosis, and the alignment of the teeth and dental arches before and after surgical correction. Specifically, emphasis is addressed on how to obtain records of jaw relationship in centric relation (CR) …

Orthodontic Treatment Of Severe Bimaxillary Dentoalveolar Protrusion With Skeletal Class Ii Malocclusion Without Using Miniscrews, Yi-Wei Huang, Chun-Liang Kuo, I-Hua Liu, Yu-Ling Tsai, Chung-Li Wang, Chun-Hsiu Yang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion is characterized by the proclined anterior teeth, protrusive lips, and a convex profile. A proper orthodontic treatment modality for efficient anchorage control is necessary to retract the anterior teeth and improve the facial esthetics significantly. The commonly used miniscrew could provide absolute anchorage, however, it is accompanied by some risks and complications, especially in adolescent females. This case report described a 16-year-old female with diagnosis of skeletal Class II, normal mandibular plane angle, and Angle Class I malocclusion associated with proclined upper and lower anterior teeth, excessive overjet, and a convex profile with lip incompetence. We extracted …

Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment Of Skeletal Class Ii Malocclusion With Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Multiple Missing Teeth, Ching-Yi Lee, Chung-Yi Ho, Cheng-Hui Lin, Ellen Wen-Ching Ko

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

In the treatment of skeletal Class II retrognathic mandible, the airway should be considered for the progress and outcome of the treatment. The case report demonstrates combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery in a 39-year-old woman with chief complaint of maxillary protrusion. The clinical examination and X-ray revealed skeletal Class II with a retrognathic mandible, high mandibular plane, vertical maxillary excess (VME), bilateral deformed condyles, and narrow posterior airway space. Moreover, the patient had several missing teeth with a posterior lingual crossbite. Polysomnography revealed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with a high apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) of 12.1/h. Her body mass index was …

Tripod Mandibular Advancement Surgery Used In A Class Ii Malocclusion With Receding Lower Jaw, Yu-Ting Wang, Yu-Ling Cheng, Ming-Jeaun Su, Huei-Mei Tsai, Yi-Min Liu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

This report concerns a relatively simple and reliable method of managing a case of maxillary dental malocclusion combined with a minor underdeveloped and receding mandible.

The chief complaint of the patient was crowded upper anterior teeth and receding chin. After a thorough examination, the patient was diagnosed with a relatively normal maxilla with a slightly small mandible. Impacted upper left canine and missing lower central incisors were noted.

The main treatment goal was to combine surgery and orthodontics to gain the most benefit of treatment. Tripod mandibular advancing surgery (TMAS) plus genioplasty was used as a single-jaw intervention. Orthodontic mechanotherapy, …

Angle Class Ii Division 1 Malocclusion In An Adolescent Patient Treated With Four First Premolars Extraction And Temporary Anchorage Devices, Yu-Cheng Hsu, Po-Yu Yang, Chia-Tze Kao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

This case report describes a successful orthodontic treatment in an Angle Class II division 1 malocclusion with severe space deficiency by temporary anchorage device (TAD) in a 15-year-old male patient. The skeletal analysis showed mandibular retrognathism and slightly hyperdivergent growth pattern. The treatment plan included four first premolars extractions combined with TAD application which used for anteroposterior and vertical anchorage control. The orthodontic treatment was to achieve the effect of counter-clockwise rotation of mandible for the patient who still has remaining growth. After 23 months of orthodontic treatment, Angle Class I molar relationship was achieved. The patient was satisfied with …

Open Bite: A Clinical Challenge For The Orthodontist (Part Ii), Ib Leth Nielsen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Treatment of anterior open bite presents numerous challenges to the orthodontists. Should an open bite be treated early, or should it be delayed until most growth has been completed is just one of the many questions? Can treatment be done with conventional orthodontics or is a combination of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery indicated? Anterior open bite can develop later in life because of idiopathic condylar resorption, excess mandibular growth, and by iatrogenic causes. This article will discuss both normal and pathological developments and the possible treatment approaches. The importance of understanding the etiology of open bite and address the causes …

Open Bite: A Clinical Challenge For The Orthodontist (Part I), Ib Leth Nielsen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The open bite malocclusion is challenging to most orthodontists in part because the etiology is poorly understood. In this review we will explain the multifactorial etiology of this malocclusion. The role of facial growth and function in the development of this malocclusion, and several other factors that often are contributing to this malocclusion. The etiology, diagnosis and some important treatment considerations in patients with open bite will be discussed.