Dentistry Commons^™

Amixicile Inhibits Anaerobic Bacteria Within An Oral Microbiome Derived From Patients With Chronic Periodontitis, Kane Ramsey

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic bacteria residing in a complex biofilm within a susceptible host. Amixicile is a non-toxic, readily bioavailable novel antimicrobial that targets strict anaerobes through inhibition of the activity of Pyruvate Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase (PFOR), a major enzyme mediating oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of amixicile, when compared to metronidazole, in inhibiting the growth of bacteria present in a microbiome harvested from patients with chronic periodontitis.

Plaque samples were harvested from patients with severe chronic periodontitis and cultured under anaerobic conditions. The microbiomes were grown in the presence …

Practice Of Endodontic Re-Treatment In Four Cities Of Pakistan, Sana Ehsen Nagi, Farhan Raza Khan, Munawar Rahman

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Background: Root canal re-treatment is the procedure of choice when the primary root treatment fails but patient is inclined toward salvage of the tooth. The re-treatment is often a challenging procedure owing to lack to the predictability in the outcomes. Since, there is a no single way of planning and executing such procedure, a study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding endodontic re-treatment among Pakistani dentists. The effect of clinical experience on the re-treatment planning was also determined.
Methods: A survey was conducted by distributing a questionnaire among 240 dentists practicing in four major cities of …

ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างระดับความแข็งเหนียวของอาหารไทยจากความรู้สึกกับค่าพารามิเตอร์ต่างๆ ของคลื่นไฟฟ้ากล้ามเนื้อ, ธนพร โสวิทยสกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์หลักเพื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างระดับความแข็งเหนียวของอาหารไทยจากความรู้สึกโดยใช้แบบสอบถามเทียบกับการทำงานของกล้ามเนื้อบดเคี้ยว เมื่อพิจารณาค่าพารามิเตอร์ต่างๆ ของคลื่นไฟฟ้ากล้ามเนื้อ ในกลุ่มตัวอย่างเพศชายและหญิง อายุ 18-25 ปีของประเทศไทยที่สุขภาพดี ไม่มีปัญหาในการบดเคี้ยวอาหาร จำนวน 32 คน อาหารไทยที่มีความแข็งเหนียวแตกต่างกัน 5 ชนิด จะถูกทดสอบค่าแรงกดอาหารด้วยเครื่องทดสอบแรงกด แล้วหลังจากนั้นจึงให้กลุ่มตัวอย่างประเมินระดับความแข็งเหนียวของอาหารเหล่านี้ด้วยแบบสอบถามมาตรวัดด้วยสายตา (วีเอเอส) เทียบกับการบันทึกคลื่นไฟฟ้ากล้ามเนื้อบดเคี้ยว ผลการศึกษาพบว่าทั้งคะแนนความแข็งและความเหนียวของอาหารจากแบบสอบถาม มีความสัมพันธ์อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติกับค่าคลื่นไฟฟ้ากล้ามเนื้อบดเคี้ยวทุกๆ พารามิเตอร์ที่ระดับนัยสำคัญ 0.05 (ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์เพียร์สัน อยู่ระหว่าง 0.224-0.384) นอกจากนี้ผู้วิจัยยังพบความสัมพันธ์ในระดับสูงระหว่างค่าแรงกดและคะแนนความแข็งของอาหารจากแบบสอบถาม (ค่าสัมประสิทธิ์สหสัมพันธ์เพียร์สันมีค่าเท่ากับ 0.750) โดยสรุปแล้วผู้วิจัยพบความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างการทดสอบอาหารด้วยแบบสอบถามกับการทำงานของกล้ามเนื้อบดเคี้ยวในระดับต่ำถึงปานกลาง อาจเนื่องมาจากกล้ามเนื้อบดเคี้ยวมีการปรับตัวที่ดีต่อความแข็งเหนียวของอาหาร การใช้แบบสอบถามมาตรวัดด้วยสายตาในการประเมินระดับความแข็งเหนียวของอาหาร จึงบ่งบอกถึงการทำงานของกล้ามเนื้อบดเคี้ยวได้ในระดับหนึ่ง

Effect Of Curcumin On The Expression Of Wound Healing-Related Genes In Human Gingival Fibroblasts, Auspreeya Rujirachotiwat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study investigated the effect of curcumin on the expression of wound healing-related genes including transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), transforming growth factor beta receptor type I (TGFβR I), transforming growth factor beta receptor type II (TGFβR II) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human gingival fibroblasts. The cytotoxicity of curcumin was determined by MTT assay. Then, cells were treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of curcumin for 24 hours and the level of gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Curcumin at 0.1-20 µM caused no significant change in cell viability while higher concentrations of curcumin …

Factors Associated With Dental Caries Experience In Thai Preschool Children With Cerebral Palsy Attending Non-Governmental Rehabilitation Centers, Kullanant Pansrimangkorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Objective: To investigate factors associated with dental caries experience in preschool children with cerebral palsy attending physical therapy programs in non-governmental rehabilitation centers in Bangkok. Materials and Methods: This research is a cross sectional study of 60 children with cerebral palsy, aged 3-6 years, mean age 5.01 ± 1.23 years old. Dental caries experience was determined by dmfs index, numbers of surfaces of dental caries, extracted tooth, and filled tooth. The other variables were collected including: dental plaque index (OHI-S), type of cerebral palsy, frequency of carbohydrate intake events, dietary consistency, assisting with toothbrushing, and frequency of toothbrushing. Multiple linear …

Subjective And Objective Outcomes On Denture Adhesive Usage Among Complete Denture Wearers, Budsara Thongyoi

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The propose of this clinical study was to evaluate the subjective and objective assessment factors affecting decision of complete denture wearers to use or not use denture adhesive. Sixty-six fully edentulous using upper and lower conventional complete dentures (aged 53 to 83 years) were recruited in this study. (1) Condition of denture-supporting tissue (ACP classification), (2) denture quality (CU-modified kapur criteria), (3) patients' satisfaction in prostheses and (4) oral impact on daily performances (OIDP) were evaluated as baseline (T0). All participants were assigned to use denture adhesive (Polident®, Ireland) for 1 month period and made decision by themselves to continue …

The Synthesis, Modification And Application Of Silica Nanoparticles In Polymethyl Methacrylate Denture Base, Pornpot Jiangkongkho

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This study aimed to investigate amount of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) silanized on experimental nanosilica particles (NPs), amount of NPs and amount of MPS silanized NP on flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), and fracture toughness (FT) of NP reinforced polymethymethacrylate (PMMA). The chemisorbed amount of MPS was determined using elemental analysis. Six groups (n=8) were prepared with chemisorbed amount and mixed with PMMA-monomer to make 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 and 15% (w/w) of NP reinforced PMMA. PMMA without NP served as control. Seven groups (n=8) were prepared with 1% of NPs silanized with 0, 0.061, 0.123, 0.246, 0.493, 0.987, and …

Bid-Induced Release Of Aif/Endog From Mitochondria Causes Apoptosis Of Macrophages During Infection With, Wei-Lin Hu, Hai-Yan Dong, Yang Li, David M. Ojcius, Shi-Jun Li, Jie Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Leptospire-induced macrophage apoptosis through the Fas/FasL-caspase-8/3 pathway plays an important role in the survival and proliferation of the pathogen in hosts. Although, the release of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (EndoG) in leptospire-infected macrophages has been described, the mechanisms linking caspase and mitochondrion-related host-cell apoptosis has not been determined. Here, we demonstrated that leptospire-infection induced apoptosis through mitochondrial damages in macrophages. Apoptosis was caused by the mitochondrial release and nuclear translocation of AIF and/or EndoG, leading to nuclear DNA fragmentation. However, the mitochondrion-related CytC-caspase-9/3 pathway was …

Mononuclear-Macrophages But Not Neutrophils Act As Major Infiltrating Anti-Leptospiral Phagocytes During Leptospirosis., Xu Chen, Shi-Jun Li, David M. Ojcius, Ai-Hua Sun, Wei-Lin Hu, Xu'ai Lin, Jie Yan

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

OBJECTIVE: To identify the major infiltrating phagocytes during leptospirosis and examine the killing mechanism used by the host to eliminate Leptospira interrogans.

METHODS: Major infiltrating phagocytes in Leptospira-infected C3H/HeJ mice were detected by immunohistochemistry. Chemokines and vascular endothelial cell adhesion molecules (VECAMs) of Leptospira-infected mice and leptospirosis patients were detected by microarray and immunohistochemistry. Leptospira-phagocytosing and -killing abilities of human or mouse macrophages and neutrophils, and the roles of intracellular ROS, NO and [Ca2+]i in Leptospira-killing process were evaluated by confocal microscopy and spectrofluorimetry.

RESULTS: Peripheral blood mononuclear-macrophages rather than neutrophils were the main infiltrating phagocytes in the lungs, liver …

The Proper Way To Care For Children's Oral Health Care Needs, Skye Lewis

A with Honors Projects

This is a slide show designed to education parents on how to care for their children's oral health needs.

Legacy Project: Encouragement Wall, Skye Lewis

A with Honors Projects

For this combined A with Honors and Legacy Project, the student leaves behind a mural and a wall of encouragement for her Dental Hygiene classmates. This short paper explains her motivation and includes photographs of the project.

Accuracy Of Full-Arch Scans Using Intraoral And Extraoral Scanners: An In Vitro Study Using A New Method Of Evaluation, Jonas Muallah, Christian Wesemann, Roxana Nowak, Jan Robben, James Mah, Peter Pospiech, Axel Bumann

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of six intraoral scanners as regards clinically relevant distances using a new method of evaluation. An additional objective was to compare intraoral scanners with the indirect digitization of model scanners. A resin master model was created by 3D printing and drilled in five places to reflect the following distances: intermolar width (IMW), intercanine width (ICW), and arch length (AL). To determine a gold standard, the distances were measured with a coordinate measuring instrument (Zeiss O-Inspect 422). The master model was scanned 37 times with the following intraoral scanners: Apollo DI …

Retention Of Resin Composite Cam Crowns Following Different Bonding Protocols, Amir Hossein Nejat

All ETDs from UAB

Objectives: Resin composite CAM materials offer more efficient milling, however, there is a high incidence of clinical debonding when this material is used for full-coverage crowns. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of different surface treat-ments and primers on the crown retention of a new resin composite CAM material. Methods: 120 molars were prepared with a 24 degree taper, 1.5mm height, and axial walls in dentin. Surface area was measured by digital microscopy and preparations were scanned with an intraoral scanner. Crowns were milled from an experimental com-posite material with 4mm occlusal height. Teeth were …

Resin Infiltration Of Incipient Interproximal Caries: A 6-Month Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial, Purvi Vaghela

All ETDs from UAB

Dental caries is the most widespread of all diseases. It causes destruction of tooth structure by dissolving the enamel first, then progressing to the dentin. While it is possible to replace carious tooth structure with invasive restorations, it is highly desirable to arrest or reverse the disease process so that the restorations can be avoided. One of the most difficult areas to clean or use preventive, non-surgical treatment is the contact area between teeth. Recently treatment with resin polymers to infiltrate enamel and dentin affected by caries has been in-troduced. The infiltration technique arrests the lesion progression by penetrating and …

Beam Study In Orthodontic Patients, Benjamin Samuelson

All ETDs from UAB

Introduction: One of the most challenging tasks of the orthodontic team is to motivate patients to maintain proper oral hygiene. In order to improve compliance, clinicians are utilizing mobile applications. The goals of this study are to determine the efficacy of an application-based approach in increasing orthodontic patient’s oral hygiene compliance, as well as measure the correlation between the reported compliance and clinical parameters of gingival health. Materials & Methods: The Beam® toothbrush and its application software (app) were selected for evaluation. Three prospective groups of 15 patients undergoing routine orthodontic treatment were evaluated as part of this research protocol …

Retention Of Zirconia Crowns Following Different Bonding Protocols, Suruchi Lamba

All ETDs from UAB

Objective: To measure and compare the retention of zirconia crowns cemented with Ceramir (Calcium phosphate-based Bioactive Cement), RelyX Luting Plus (RMGI Cement) and RelyX Unicem (Self-adhesive resin cement) to extracted teeth following thermocycling. Methods: 30 sound extracted non-carious human molars were collected following IRB approval. The selected molars were notched at the roots and mounted into PVC molds filled with acrylic resin (Yates Motloid, USA). The occlusal surface was ground flat on a model trimmer. The axial reductions were performed with a standardized crown preparation device using a Komet 5845KR (“onlay”) diamond bur. A 10 degree ramp was used to …

An In Vitro Evaluation Of Abutment Design For Anterior Zirconia Resin Bonded Restorations, Watcharapong Aroonsang

All ETDs from UAB

Resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) have evolved from metal frameworks to esthetic all ceramic tooth colored restorations. However these restorations frequently fail due to a loss of retention of the retainers. As the frameworks for these restorations have changed to more esthetic ceramic materials, the search for the ideal conservative preparation design providing maximum retention is critical to improve the life span of these restorations. Purpose: This in vitro evaluation measured and compared the resistance and retention created with different abutment preparation designs with a zirconia framework. Method: 21 extracted human maxillary central incisors were divided into three groups of …

Incisor Contact In Optimal Occlusion, Ryan Baker

All ETDs from UAB

The objective of the present study was to grade the overjet of untreated plaster dental study casts with optimal occlusion utilizing the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) Objective Grading System (OGS). Currently no data set exists for incisor contact norms in optimal occlusion. Materials and Methods: 140 Plaster dental study casts possessing optimal occlusion were utilized for this study. Study casts used were obtained from the office of Dr. Lawrence F. Andrews in San Diego, CA. The majority of the study models were those used in determining Andrews Six Keys to Normal Occlusion. Overjet was graded according to the ABO …

The Role Of Human Msc Derived Exosomes In The Treatment Of Periodontal Diseases, Sonia S. Talegaonkar

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease affects 47% of Americans over 30. Characterized by microbial dysbiosis and unregulated inflammation, severe periodontitis causes degradation of bone and soft tissue around teeth. Current treatments have limited regenerative outcomes and frequent reinfection by harmful bacteria. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have been shown to promote wound healing and tissue regeneration. Many therapeutic benefits of hMSCs are due to their secretome products, like exosomes. Our long-term goal is to develop periodontal therapies with hMSC exosomes. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of hMSC-derived exosomes on cellular activity of hMSCs and investigate whether hMSC exosome …

Aadej Comm 48 1 2017

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association's website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

Aadej Comm 48 2 2017

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Communicator is the official journal of the American Association of Dental Editors and Journalists (AADEJ). It is published quarterly, distributed digitally via email to members, and posted on the Association’s website, AADEJ.org. Each issue includes regular updates from the editorial team and AADEJ board, as well as feature articles on current issues in the field.

Measuring Determinants Of Oral Health Behaviors In Parents Of Low-Income Preschool Children, Josefine Ortiz Wolfe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Dental decay is a preventable disease, but it remains the most unmet healthcare need of American children. Untreated dental decay has adverse and long-lasting effects on a child's quality of life. Healthy oral habits among preschool children are essential for a healthy permanent dentition and are achieved primarily by 3 oral health related behaviors: proper dental hygiene, a healthy noncariogenic diet, and regular dental visits. This quantitative study, based on the theory of planned behavior, explored the relationship between these 3 oral health behaviors and 4 determinants: attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention, using a 71-item questionnaire. The …

Perceived Parental Barriers To Preventive Dental Care Programs For Children, Kim Attanasi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Dental caries is the most prevalent childhood illness and disproportionately affects children from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Dental organizations are collaborating within communities to decrease oral health disparities among children by offering free preventive oral health events. These programs face the problem of low enrollment due to lack of informed parental consent. Also, gaps in the literature indicated the need to examine oral health perceptions and dental-care-seeking practices of culturally diverse low-income parents regarding preventive care for their children. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the reasons why parents are not allowing their children to participate in …

Translation And Validation Of The Spanish Version Of The Rapid Estimate Of Adult Literacy In Dentistry-30, Wilma Luquis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low or marginal health literacy affect nearly 90 million citizens in the United States, compromising health outcomes, including oral health. Oral health literacy has been studied in diverse populations, yet the assessments used were developed and validated for English-speaking populations. A validated Spanish-language oral health literacy assessment was needed to help researchers and practitioners evaluate oral health literacy in the Hispanic population. Using the oral health literacy framework, the purpose of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and validate a Spanish version of a previously validated English-language oral health literacy. A translation-back-translation process was applied to the English version …

Bioactive Materials: Ion Release, Flexural Strength, Secondary Caries Depth And Elemental Analysis Of Surrounding Tooth Structure, Prajakta Shreeram Kulkarni

All ETDs from UAB

ABSTRACT Objectives: Bioactive materials release calcium, phosphate, and fluoride which may increase tooth remineralization. But limited data is available demonstrating the superiority of bioactive or ion releasing materials compared to fluoride or no ion releasing materials. The aims of the present study are to measure and compare the calcium, fluoride, and phosphate ion release at different pH, flexural strength and caries protecting ability of the materials including the ion uptake of surrounding tooth structure. Methods: Activa, Cention N, Fuji LC II and Filtek Supreme Ultra were the restorative materials tested. Firstly, the fluoride and calcium release of these materials was …

Correlation Of Preoperative Analysis Of Cbct Gray Value With Implant Primary Stability, Luis Gerardo Guzman Suarez

All ETDs from UAB

Objective: This study aims to investigate the correlation between the gray values (GV) of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) analyzed by two commonly used implant planning software (coDiagnostiX, and Simplant®) and the primary stability of dental implants by measuring insertion torque value (ITV) and Resonance Frequency Analysis (ISQ). Materials and Methods: Thirty-eight patients planned to receive a total of 102 dental implants (Straumann Bone Level Tapered) were enrolled in the study. At time of implant placement, ITV in Ncm with a Bien-Air iChiropro implant console, resonance frequency analysis (ISQ) with an Osstell device, and the surgeon’s estimated torque of placement …

Volumetric Analysis Of The Lips In Aging African American And Caucasian Males, Matthew Steven Leftwich

All ETDs from UAB

VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE LIPS IN AGING AFRICAN AMERICAN AND CAUCASIAN MALES DEPARTMENT OF ORTHODONTICS ABSTRACT The purpose of this cross sectional study was to analyze the volumetric changes in lip volume with respect to aging in a population of African American and Caucasian males using three-dimensional imaging technology. Materials and Methods: A sample size of 102 Caucasian males and 90 African American males with balanced faces divided into five age groups distributed as follows:[20-30], [31-40], [41-50], [51-60], [61-70[.Three-dimensional images were obtained using the 3dMDfaceTM camera system. The subjects were placed in front of the camera in natural head position …

Comparison Of Bone Augmentation Techniques In Extraction Sockets: A Soft And Hard Tissue Wound Healing Analysis, Pragya Sharma

All ETDs from UAB

The use of bone grafting materials in sockets after tooth extraction has become a common technique for the preservation of alveolar ridge dimensions for future dental implant placement. A number of growth factors have been used to accelerate healing and shorten the healing period between extraction and implant placement. This study presents a novel application of amniotic tissue allograft used as an adjunct to bone grafting with mineralized bone allograft after tooth extraction. Amniotic tissue contains a myriad of growth factors such as Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-β), Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), Platelet Derived Growth Factor …

The Effect Of Temperature On Different Resin Cements Used For Cementing A Milled Titanium Bar, Firas Mourad

All ETDs from UAB

Purpose: To investigate the effect of acrylic processing on push-out strength of Ti copings luted to Milled Ti frameworks using differing resin cements. Materials and Methods: The experimental design consisted of three groups of 30 specimens each. Three different luting cements were utilized (One for each group), Panavia V5 Dual Cure Kuraray, Multilink Dual Cure Hybrid Ivoclar-Vivadent, and RelyX Unicem-2 self-adhesive 3M. The experimental model consists of trans-mucosal Titanium Coping, Abutment analog, Milled Ti hollow cylinder (9.0mm-OD) represents the milled Ti bar. The Abutment copings were luted to milled-Ti cylinders using the 3 dental cements and an alignment jig to …

Expression Of Interleukin-1 And Temporomandibular Disorder: Contemporary Review Of The Literature, Adam Sorenson, Kyle Hresko, Seth Butcher, Sean Pierce, Vinícius Augusto Tramontina, Rosalia Leonardi, Carla Loreto, Jose A. Bosio, Luis Eduardo Almeida

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a group of conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), leading to jaw dysfunction, joint and muscle pain, and a decrease in quality of life. A communication network of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators called cytokines maintains the homeostasis of the TMJ. This review will focus on the Interleukin (IL) family of cytokines, which have been quantified in TMJ synovial fluids in a variety of studies. IL-1α and IL-1β have pro-inflammatory effects, while the endogenous receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) inhibits the pro-inflammatory effects of IL-1.

Methods: A literature search (2006–2016) to identify eligible studies was completed …