Dentistry Commons^™

Evaluation Of New Attachment Following Full Thickness Flap Procedure In Humans, Shaunda S. Steiner

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A study was made to investigate the biological possibility of obtaining new connective tissue attachment to periodontally diseased root surfaces following full thickness flap procedure. Reconstructive surgery was performed on seven teeth involved in advanced chronic periodontal disease. A mucoperiosteal flap was raised and the apical extent of existing subgingival calculus was marked with a notch made into the root just apical to the calculus. Following thorough instrumentation, sterile saline was applied to the root surface for five minutes, and the flap was repositioned and sutured. Four months later the teeth with attached periodontal tissues were removed and processed for …

Toxicity Of Root Canal Filling Materials On Hela Cells And Fibroblasts, Eldon P. Carman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A study was undertaken to determine the concentration at which a sealer reaches a point of nontoxicity. An in vitro model utilizing HeLa cells and human fibroblasts was used to observe the effect of various concentrations of eight freshly mixed and eight set root canal sealers. Evaluation of toxicity was determined by cell survival which was measured by incorporation of ³H-thymidine into the nucleic acid components of each cell type used. Each dilution tested was allowed direct contact with the cells for 24 hours before toxicity evaluation. The results indicate that all sealers at concentrations presently used are cytotoxic …

Orthognathic Surgical Expansion Procedure Of The Mandible Of Female Baboon Papio Sp?, Willis L. Schlenker

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Expansion of the maxillae is a well recognized procedure in orthodontics. Little is known about Mandibular Expansion. This project is a pure research of the possibility of expanding the mandible laterally at the symphysis on a baboon.

The symphysis was cut A-P and expanded laterally 11 mm, then held and stabilized with a titanium mesh work screwed to the inferior border of the mandible. The defect area was filled with a bone graft of marrow and cancellous bone fragments taken from the greater trochanter and the crest of the ilium. New bone did fill in the defect and the expansion …

An Ultra-Violet Light Microscopic Study Of The Hydroxylapatite Ceramic-Bone Interface Phenomena, Leonard W. Pierce

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Preparations used in this study were obtained from an investigation which had undertaken the following:

Durapatite, a hydroxylapatite ceramic was implanted in 24 mature Beagle dogs to study its maintenance effect on the alveolar bone of the mandible.

After dividing the dogs into two groups, a fresh socket and a healed socket group, the posterior teeth were removed and alveolectomies were performed. Eight ceramic implants were then placed in the right mandible of each animal in each group. The healed group received the implants five weeks after tooth removal and the fresh socket group received implants immediately after extraction.

The …

Third Molar Eruption Prediction: A Simplified Method, Lawrence E. Mcewen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

With the advent of lower third molar enucleation in the 7 to 10 year old comes the potential for abuse because the operation is fast and easy to perform. The rationale could be, "they will probably impact any way." If this is done without benefit of a growth forecast to project future dental needs a great disservice may be performed.

This study was designed to provide a simplified method to predict space for the lower third molar. Frankfort Horizontal (FH), Pterygoid Root Vertical (PTV), Xi, Upper first molar and lower second molar were the major landmarks to be used on …

Methodology In Measurement Of Load Loss Or Gain In Orthodontic Wires : A Pilot Study, Merton S. Lacy

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to develop methods and equipment to measure and record over any desired length of time the loss or gain in force of any material used in orthodontics that can produce a force upon an object. The material and the object being acted upon should not be disturbed while measuring that force.

Holding devices were designed and constructed in two basic forms. For intrusive and extrusive type forces, a load cell was fixed horizontally in such a position that an adjustable tube with a set screw to hold the wire could be rotated to cause …

Marginal Periodontium Changes In The Monkey (Macaca Nemestrina) Following Incisor Repositioning From A Mechanically Positioned Labioversion, Gary Engelking

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The anterior teeth of five adult pigtail monkeys were moved lingually to correct a previously induced labioversion. These teeth were retained in their more normal arch positions for five months, after which clinical and histologic measurements were made of the periodontium. The untreated cuspids served as controls. Measurements were made to record changes in the gingival margin, the mucogingival junction, the width of keratinized gingiva and the marginal bone level relative to a fixed point on the tooth crowns. Oxytetracycline was administered three times to label areas of osteogenesis in the periodontium.

The incisors were retracted a mean distance of …

The Effect Of Escherichia Coli Endotoxin On The Cat Periapical Tissues, Thomas G. Dwyer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The periapical tissue reaction to three concentrations of endotoxin solutions and to a sterile saline control solution was examined in six adult cats. The maxillary and mandibular cuspids were isolated and the pulps extirpated with barbed broaches. The four solutions (1, 10, 100 μg/ml endotoxin, and saline) were then injected into the four prepared teeth for each cat and the access cavities sealed with IRM.

At two week intervals, two cats were sacrificed and the specimens removed, while the remaining animals were retreated as previously described. The block tissue sections were radiographed, fixed in 10% buffered formalin, and prepared for …

Treatment Of Persistent Open-Bite Malocclusions With Interarch Elastic Fixation, Kent L. Phillips

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the facial complex after treatment of persistent anterior open-bites with Dr. R. M. Ricketts' "squeeze treatment." This treatment method requires heavy elastic fixation for one month in conjunction with placement of T-loop arches.

Twelve open-bite patients were selected for the study. Quantative[sic] measurements from lateral cephalometric and laminagraphs of the temporomandibular joint were also evaluated. Qualitative observations were obtained from the periapical radiographs, models, and photos.

Tooth extrusion occurred in varying amounts followed by alveolar crest and apical repair.

Statistical significance was shown in the correction of incisor overbite, …

A Comparative Analysis Of Intrusion Of Incisor Teeth Achieved In Adults And Children According To Facial Type, Ronald L. Otto

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A comparison of incisor intrusion achieved in deep bite adults and children was made. Facial type was also examined for affect upon intrusion achieved. Fifty-five cases treated with Bioprogressive mechanics were studied cephalometrically, including twenty-four adults and thirty-one children. Neither age nor facial type was found to be statistically related to the amount of incisor intrusion achieved in this sample. A method of measuring intrusion at the root apices was devised which was felt to give a more accurate indication of actual bodily intrusion. More external root changes during treatment were observed for adults than for growing children. Wide latitude …

Anterior Maxillary Soft And Hard Tissue Change : An Evaluation Of Orthodontic And Orthognathic Treatment Results, Joseph H. Elison

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Soft and hard tissue changes, in the nasolahial angle and the region of the upper lip, were compared in two modes of treating Class II, Division 1 maloclussion: 1) extraction of the upper first bicuspids and retraction of the anterior segment surgically by means of the Anterior Maxillary Osteotomy CAMO), 2) extraction of upper first bi cuspids and retraction of the anterior teeth by orthodontics alone. The first group consisted of twenty-five (25) patients; the second group consisted of thirty-six C36) patients.

Analysis of the resulting changes demonstrated the following:

With surgery ANS was retracted 2.52 mm, "A Point" was …

Fatigue Properties Of Orthodontic Wire, Kirkland B. Reuer

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Fracture of orthodontic appliances can be a problem because of the time involved to replace and repair them. It has been shown that most failures have been a result of fatigue fracture, i.e., failure resulting from cyclic loading.

The purpose of this study was to determine what effect variation of the type of orthodontic wire and heat treatment had on fatigue resistance. A device was constructed to put a cyclic load on a piece of wire until fracture. Two types of cobalt-chromium alloy wire (Blue and Green Elgiloy from Rocky Mountain Orthodontics) and three types of stain less steel wire …

A Cephalometric Evaluation Of The Dentofacial Changes Effected With Non-Extraction Treatment Utilizing Class Ii Intermaxillary Elastics, Sing Autrapiromsook

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effects of Class II intermaxillary elastics were studied by means of serial cephalometric records on 24 Class II malocclusions. All of the cases were non-extraction and no headgear was employed. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken prior to, and immediately following, the removal of the elastics. The amount of normal, growth adjustments was considered in all measurements. Molar movement and anatomical plane changes were analyzed statistically. The Student t-test were used to evaluate the significant changes.

The following conclusions are based upon a statistical analysis of the observed changes:

1. The maxillary first molars did not move distally with respect to …

Ultrastructural Study Of Wound Healing On A Root Planed And Citric Acid Treated Root Surface, Craig Martin Ririe

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

It has been shown previously that a root surface which has been scaled, root planed and demineralized by topical application of citric acid in vitro, is dominated by exposed collagen fibrils. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanism of healing and possible reattachment of soft periodontal connective tissue to the root planed and subsequently acid treated root surfaces and to determine whether new collagen fibrils produced in the connective tissue could attach to these exposed fibrils.

Full thickness tissue flaps were raised and the coronal 4-5 mm of the labial alveolar plate removed over the maxillary incisor …

Isolation And Chemico-Physiologic Characterization Of A Parotid Hormone Activity From Porcine Glands, Jean-Marc Tieche

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

For the past decade, evidence has accumulated which suggests that the resistance of the teeth to dental decay is in part under systemic control. It was shown that the resistance is accomplished through the optimal operation of a dentinal fluid transport mechanism which is believed to be hormonally controlled by the hypothalamic-parotid gland endocrine axis. Although circumstantial evidence for such an endocrine function was strong, the isolation of a parotid hormone which stimulates the dentinal fluid transport mechanism remained to be accomplished.

Using modern biochemical techniques, a methodology was designed to isolate and purify the hormone from porcine parotid glands. …

New Attachment Of Connective Tissues To Human Teeth Involved In Chronic Periodontal Disease : A Histologic Study, Rick Cole

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Reconstruction of the periodontium destroyed by periodontal disease may be considered an ultimate goal of reconstructive periodontal therapy. To date, there has been no concrete evidence demonstrating this phenomenon in humans. Garrett (1978) has shown that citric acid, after application to root planed tooth surfaces, produces a four micron wide demineralized zone which is characterized by exposed collagen fibers. It is impossible that this demineraIization may lead to new attachment by enhancing cementogenesis or by exposing root surface-fibers which by simple fibrogenesis may splint to fibers of the healing surgical wound. Register (1973) and Register and Burdick (1975) have reported …

A Study Of Treatment And Cephalometric Variables In Relation To Facial Axis Change During Treatment In A Dolichofacial Sample, Laurence A. Seifert

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The change in the facial axis in a sample of fifth-three dolichofacial patients, was compared with a number of pretreatment cephalometric variables. A number of treatment variables were also compared with the amount of facial axis change that occurred during orthodontic treatment.

The cephalometric variables measured were:

1. Facial axis
2. Upper face height (maxillary height)
3. Lower face height
4. Posterior face height
5. Mandibular arc
6. Palatal-mandibular plane
7. Palatal-occlusal plane
8. Occlusal-mandibular plane
9. Overbite
10. Upper first molar to palatal plane
11. Lower first molar to mandibular plane
12. Lower incisor to mandibular plane
13. Incisal edge of lower incisor to mandibular plane
14. Xi point to occlusal plane

Treatment …

Cranio-Facial Skeletal Morphology Of Digit Suckers, John Eric Peterson Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the cranio-facial skeletal morphology found in digit suckers.

The criteria used for selecting the 50 patients in this study were a history of digit sucking and an anterior dental open-bite. The sample consisted of Class I and Class II, Division 1 malocclusions, ages six through adult, for both sexes. If an individual was post— pubertal, they were classified as an adult. A Ricketts lateral cephalometric analysis of each patient was compared to standards of the same age. These differences were analyzed statistically with a Student t test and a one-way analysis of …

Effects Of Heat Treatment On The Mechanical Properties Of Chromium-Cobalt Alloy Wire, Robert L. Nations

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Since virtually all stages of orthodontic treatment involve forces obtained from deformed metallic materials, an understanding of properties of metals is an important part of orthodontics. The use of chromium-cobalt alloy for arch wires is relatively new to the field, and more needs to be known about its use in order to get the most from this product.

Many clinicians feel that advantages can be gained through a low temperature heat-treatment to change certain mechanical properties of the material. A tensile test was chosen in the attempt to learn more about this alloy in the untreated form as well as …

A Clinical Method For Predicting Orthodontic Band Sizes, Robert P. Mohr

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A correlation was established among the orthodontic band sizes in a given individual. The original sample contained 258 data sets (Unitek Corp. band sizes from first molar through the first molar in both arches) which were computer analyzed. The maxillary right central incisor band size was selected as the "predictor size" for a band size prediction table developed from this study.

An additional 56 data sets were tabulated and became the test sample to test the accuracy of the band size prediction table. Band sizes of the test sample were predicted within ±1 band size 66% of the time and …

Stress Analysis Of Post And Crown Restorations Of Endodontically Treated Teeth, Ronald C. Hansen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Forty-four similar sized maxillary lateral incisor teeth were randomly divided into four equal groups to test their resistance to fracture. Group 1 teeth were the controls, no treatment was done. Group 2 teeth consisted of endodontically treated teeth, restored with composite resin in the access opening. Group 3 teeth were endodontically treated and restored with a post and flat surface standardized aluminum crown. The teeth in Group 4 were endodontically treated and restored with a post and composite resin core buildup with a cast gold crown. The metal collar of gold incorporated 1.5 mm of tooth structure below the core …

Comparison Of Root Surfaces In Endodontic Lesions, Periodontic Lesions And Normal Human Teeth, Robert W. Hanson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The healing potential of an endodontic lesion is usually greater than a periodontic lesion (Simon et al. 1972; Hiatt 1977). Periodontal regeneration places particular emphasis on the soft tissue-tooth interface (Stahl 1977). This interface was examined in fifteen extracted human teeth.

The teeth were divided into three groups: (1) periapical lesions, (2) periodontal lesions, and (3) healthy periodontal tissue. Criteria were established for each group. Freshly extracted human teeth meeting the criteria were fixed in gluteraldehyde or paraformaldehyde. The teeth were then selected for surface observation or cracked for cross sectional examination. The teeth were post fixed, dehydrated, and coated …

Tensile Properties Of Stainless Steel Orthodontic Wire, Elbert E. Jackson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Ten types of .020 inch stainless steel wire were compared using a tensile test. The wires were tested in the as-received condition and after heat treatment at 750°F for eleven minutes. The data were then analyzed statistically using the general linear hypothesis.

In the as-received condition each of four mechanical properties--elastic modulus, 0.2 per cent yield strength, tensile strength, and percent elongation--was found to vary significantly from one type to another.

When subjected to heat treatment, the elastic modulus proved to be the most stable of the four properties, changing only slightly in three cases. There was no significant change …

The Stability Of Expanded Mandibular Canines, Premolars, And Molars Concomitant With Rapid Midpalatal Expansion, Ralph S. Kurti

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The view of not expanding mandibular canines to accommodate incisor crowding because of the fear of relapse of of the incisors has been generally accepted in orthodontics for many years. Most studies that have investigated expanded mandibular canine stability have concluded that they could not be permanently expanded to any degree. By adding another variable (rapid midpalatal expansion) to canine expansion it was thought that this might possibly increase canine expansion stability.

The purpose of this research was to determine if the stability of the expanded canines through 1st permanent molars was enhanced by concomitant rapid expansion of the midpalatal …

The Effects Of Inducing Functional Class Iii Malocclusion On Actively Growing Rat Mandibles, Aarin Chu

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Abstract Not Included]

The Effects Of Heavy Vs. Light Force Cervical Headgear, Kenneth Grant Corbett

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A sample of 27 cases treated with CHG were selected from the files of Rocky Mountain Data Systems, Inc. and Dr. B. Fletcher. The cases were divided into two groups according to forces used during treatment to initiate and continue distal molar movement. Group I consisted of 15.cases which had been treated by Dr. Ricketts using heavy cervical traction (250-500 grams); Group II included 12 cases which Dr. Fletcher had treated with very light cervical traction (120-240 grams).

The measurements of distal molar movement, facial axis and maxillary depth were recorded for each of the groups and t-tests were used …

Ultrasonic Versus Hand Filing Of The Human Root Canal System, Howard W. Scholz Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A comparison was made of ultrasonic filing versus hand filing using three solutions to flood the canals of 24 extracted human maxillary central incisors. A modified PR-30 Cavitron insert was used in a Cavitron 1010 unit for the ultrasonic filing. The clinical crown was removed with a diamond saw and water spray at the cemento-enamel junction. The two major groups were ultrasonic filing versus hand filing; the three subgroups were solution/solvents - 10% EDTA, 2.0% NaOCl, and distilled water.

After filing, the roots were grooved longitudinally with a high speed bur and cracked opened with a mallet and chisel. The …

The Effect Of Endodontic Therapy On The Incidence Of Radiation Caries In Dogs, James A. Abbott

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Endodontic therapy was evaluated as a possible control or prevention modality of radiation type dental caries in dogs. Two adult male dogs with permanent dentitions had endodontic therapy performed on alternating teeth in each jaw. The nontreated teeth served as controls.

The dogs were irradiated with 7000 rad Cobalt-60 radiation fractionated over an eight week period. The dogs were killed at 60 and 182 days post-irradiation. The teeth were removed from the jaws and immersed in methylene blue dye, sectioned, and the dye penetration pattern photographed. Diffusion of the dye into the tooth structure was quantified and statistically analyzed.

A …

Xeroradiography & Conventional Radiography : Comparative Imaging Of The Temporomandibular Joint, Nelson R. Gatov

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

An investigation was conducted to evaluate the application of Xeroradiography for imaging the Temporomandibular Joint using the Updegrave and Weinberg positioning boards and to compare these images to those obtained by conventional radiography using the same positioning boards.

A cadaver head in which three spherical radiopaque implants had been placed was used in this study. A General Electric Model 1000 (Dental Unit) was the source of radiation. The conventional radiographs were produced on Dupont Cronex 2DC film and processed by a Phillips 810 automatic processed by a Xerox "125 System".

MAGNIFICATION

A comparison of the implant sphere diameters and the …

A Scanning Electron Microscope Study Of Fractured Orthodontic Wires, Dale G. Fessenden

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In the practice of orthodontics much time is spent each week replacing broken appliances. However, very little research has been done to study the cause of orthodontic wire failure. A few articles have reported the incidence of removable appliance failures but only one article has reported research concerning the failure of fixed appliance wires.

There has been much speculation concerning the contributing factors for premature wire failure. The concensus is that fatigue is a major factor in their fracture. There are three basic types of wire failure: ductile, fatigue, which ends in ductile rupture, and brittle failure. Ductile failure is …