Chemical Actions and Uses Commons^™

Modulatory Effects Of Citrus Flavonoids Towards The Metabolism And Mutagenicity Of Environmental Carcinogens, Wayne L. Bear

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The environmental carcinogens classified as heterocyclic amines (HCA’s) and the tobacco-specific nitrosamine NNK generally require internal enzymatic activation. This activation occurs via cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and leads to metabolites that bind to human DNA which may in turn cause mutations which may then in turn lead to carcinogenesis. Certain nonnutritive plant compounds termed phytochemicals may protect against HCA and NNK-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. We investigated the potential protective effects of five different phytochemicals of the flavonoid class which naturally occur in citrus. These flavonoids were diosmin, naringin. naringenin, rutin, and quercetin. Our results suggest that naringenin and quercetin were …

Effect Of Disulfiram On The Urinary Excretion Of The Serotonin Metabolites 5-Hydroxytryptophol And 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid In Problem Drinkers, Mark D. Harding

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Problem drinkers (N=7) were given 500mg disulfiram daily for one week. Urine was collected before and after disulfiram intake. 5-Hydroxytryptophol (5-HTOL) was determined by a modification of the method of Davis et al. and adapted to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an electrochemical detector setting of 0.75V. 5-Hydroxy-indoleacetic acid (5- HIAA) was determined using the HPLC method of Shihabi et al. (1980). Urinary excretion of 5-HTOL in ug/gm creatinine before and after disulfiram was 25.4± 3.3 and 110.5± 27.1 respectively, p < 0.02. 5-HIAA in mg/gm creatinine before and after disulfiram was 4.9±0.9 and 3.6±0.8 respectively, p > 0.16. The data shows that disulfiram administration alters serotonin metabolism resulting in increased 5-HTOL which is known to increase …

The Effect Of Insulin, Fluoride And Methyl Xanthines On The Hypothalamic-Parotid Gland Endocrine Axis, Reagan Ondler

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of insulin and fluoride on dentinal fluid movement (FM) in high-sucrose fed rats as mediated through the hypothalamic-parotid gland endocrine axis. In conjunction with the fluoride study, the possible involvement of cAMP was examined through the use of several methyl xanthines which are recognized as phosphodiesterase inhibitors.

Twenty-one day old, male Sprague Dawley rats were maintained on a high-sugar diet (62% sucrose) for 8-9 days at which time intravenous or arterial infusions of insulin, fluoride or the methyl xanthines were performed. Additional procedures included collecting plasma from rats which had …