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Full-Text Articles in Cells
A Mitochondrial Rnai Screen Defines Cellular Bioenergetic Determinants And Identifies An Adenylate Kinase As A Key Regulator Of Atp Levels, Nathan J. Lanning, Brendan D. Looyenga, Audra L. Kauffman, Natalie M. Niemi
A Mitochondrial Rnai Screen Defines Cellular Bioenergetic Determinants And Identifies An Adenylate Kinase As A Key Regulator Of Atp Levels, Nathan J. Lanning, Brendan D. Looyenga, Audra L. Kauffman, Natalie M. Niemi
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
Altered cellular bioenergetics and mitochondrial function are major features of several diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Given this important link to human health, we sought to define proteins within mitochondria that are critical for maintaining homeostatic ATP levels. We screened an RNAi library targeting >1,000 nuclear-encoded genes whose protein products localize to the mitochondria in multiple metabolic conditions in order to examine their effects on cellular ATP levels. We identified a mechanism by which electron transport chain (ETC) perturbation under glycolytic conditions increased ATP production through enhanced glycolytic flux, thereby highlighting the cellular potential for metabolic plasticity. Additionally, …
Hydroxylamine Acutely Activates Glucose Uptake In L929 Fibroblast Cells, Larry L. Louters, Jared P. Scripture, David P. Kuipers, Stephen M. Gunnink
Hydroxylamine Acutely Activates Glucose Uptake In L929 Fibroblast Cells, Larry L. Louters, Jared P. Scripture, David P. Kuipers, Stephen M. Gunnink
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
Nitroxyl (HNO) has a unique, but varied, set of biological properties including beneficial effects on cardiac contractility and stimulation of glucose uptake by GLUT1. These biological effects are largely initiated by HNO's reaction with cysteine residues of key proteins. The intracellular production of HNO has not yet been demonstrated, but the small molecule, hydroxylamine (HA), has been suggested as possible intracellular source. We examined the effects of this molecule on glucose uptake in L929 fibroblast cells. HA activates glucose uptake from 2 to 5-fold within two minutes. Prior treatment with thiol-active compounds, such as iodoacetamide (IA), cinnamaldehyde (CA), or phenylarsine …
Differential Regulation Of Glut1 Activity In Human Corneal Limbal Epithelial Cells And Fibroblasts, David P. Kuipers, Jared P. Scripture, Stephen M. Gunnink, Matthew J. Salie
Differential Regulation Of Glut1 Activity In Human Corneal Limbal Epithelial Cells And Fibroblasts, David P. Kuipers, Jared P. Scripture, Stephen M. Gunnink, Matthew J. Salie
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
The corneal epithelial tissue is a layer of rapidly growing cells that are highly glycolytic and express GLUT1 as the major glucose transporter. It has been shown that GLUT1 in L929 fibroblast cells and other cell lines can be acutely activated by a variety agents. However, the acute regulation of glucose uptake in corneal cells has not been systematically investigated. Therefore, we examined glucose uptake in an immortalized human corneal-limbal epithelial (HCLE) cell line and compared it to glucose uptake in L929 fibroblast cells, a cell line where glucose uptake has been well characterized. We report that the expression of …