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Full-Text Articles in Animal Structures
Fracture In Teeth—A Diagnostic For Inferring Bite Force And Tooth Function, Paul J. Constantino, Brian R. Lawn, James J.-W. Lee, Peter W. Lucas
Fracture In Teeth—A Diagnostic For Inferring Bite Force And Tooth Function, Paul J. Constantino, Brian R. Lawn, James J.-W. Lee, Peter W. Lucas
Biological Sciences Faculty Research
Teeth are brittle and highly susceptible to cracking. We propose that observations of such cracking can be used as a diagnostic tool for predicting bite force and inferring tooth function in living and fossil mammals. Laboratory tests on model tooth structures and extracted human teeth in simulated biting identify the principal fracture modes in enamel. Examination of museum specimens reveals the presence of similar fractures in a wide range of vertebrates, suggesting that cracks extended during ingestion or mastication. The use of ‘fracture mechanics’ from materials engineering provides elegant relations for quantifying critical bite forces in terms of characteristic tooth …
The Regulation Of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase And Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase By Nuclear Factor-Kappa B And Activator Protein 1 In Rat Aortic Endothelial Cells, Scott L. Cobbs
Theses, Dissertations and Capstones
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) are two enzymes that influence reactive oxygen species within the cell. The promoter regions for the genes encoding these enzymes have two specific transcription factor elements in common, activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa b (NF-KB). This study was initiated to determine if either NF-KB or AP-1 regulates the transcription of both genes in endothelial cells. To test whether NF-KB or AP-1 binding sites in the MnSOD and iNOS promoter region were important for transcriptional regulation, we performed induction analysis using various deletion constructs of MnSOD and iNOS …