Anatomy Commons^™

Vertebral Morphology Of Loeys-Dietz Spine, Myung-Jin Cha, William Elnemer, Paul D. Sponseller

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Understanding pedicle and laminar anatomy is crucial for secure fixation of spinal instrumentation and to ultimately prevent complications such as pseudoarthrosis. This study explores the spinal morphology in the LD vertebrae and compares it to vertebrae of TDP.

Methods: The morphology of 36 vertebrae from T1 to L5 were measured in 4 LD syndrome patients, using MRI and CT scans. The morphology of 140 vertebrae from T1 to L5 were measured in non-connective tissue disorder patients, using MRI, CT, and X-rays. These values were then compared to each other. Comparisons via paired Student’s t-test were made between the concave …

Upper Extremity Neurologic Injury Following Surgery For Early-Onset Scoliosis, Myung-Jin Cha, Daniel Badin, Paul D. Sponseller

Research Colloquium

Introduction: In our study, we aim to characterize the incidence, risk factors, and outcome for and outcomes of upper extremity (UE) neurologic injury following operations for patients with early onset scoliosis (EOS).

Methods:EOS patients who underwent surgical correction of their scoliosis were selected from a multicenter database. The patient cohort was then analyzed in their demographics, etiology of scoliosis, details of the injury, type of spinal implant, and changes in cobb angle and kyphosis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize this cohort of patients.

Results: Out of 4653 EOS patients who underwent surgery in the multicenter database, 10 patients …

Surgically Relevant Anatomy Of Marfan Spinal Deformity, Myung-Jin Cha, William Elnemer, Paul D. Sponseller

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Understanding pedicle and laminar anatomy is crucial for secure fixation of spinal instrumentation. This study explores the spinal morphology in the Marfan vertebrae and compares it to vertebrae of TDP.

Methods: The morphology of 134 vertebrae from T1 to L5 were measured in 16 Marfan patients with spine deformity, using MRI and CT scans. The morphology of 140 vertebrae from T1 to L5 were measured in TDP, using MRI, CT, and X-rays. These values were then compared to each other. Comparisons via paired Student’s t-test were made between the concave and convex side of the curve.

Results: On average, …

Head And Neck Metastasis Of Colorectal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report And Literature Review, Taha Al Hassan, Jessica Flores, Adam Bender-Heine, Rachel A. Giese

Research Colloquium

Introduction/Background: Colorectal Adenocarcinoma (CRC) metastasis is found in approximately 1 in 5 patients diagnosed with CRC and frequently spreads to the liver, lungs, peritoneum, bone, and nervous system. There are several subtypes of adenocarcinoma but the single most associated with distant metastasis, multiple sites of metastasis, and poorer survival is the signet-ring cell carcinoma variant. We present an unusual case of a head and neck mass demonstrating immunohistochemical staining specific for colorectal origin in a patient with a history of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon.

Case Presentation: A 53-year-old female was referred for a left cervical neck mass associated with …

Mouse Monocytes Express Cd127 By Immune Cells, Not Lps, Reza Yazdani, Mozhde Askari, Amir Moghadam-Ahmadi, Gholamreza Azizi, Bogoljub Ciric, Alexandra Boehm, Guang-Xian Zhang, Mohamad Rostami

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

The essential role of interleukin 7 (IL-7) signaling via its receptor (IL-7Rα; CD127) in T cell development and function has been well documented. However, CD127 expression and function in myeloid cells, including monocytes, are less clear, especially in mice. In the present study we report an inducible CD127 expression in mouse monocytes/macrophages. This induction is dependent on the presence of other immune cells, highlighting that regulation of CD127 expression on monocytes differs in mice and humans. We demonstrate that CD127 is functional, as IL-7 downregulated its expression. We also saw decreased CD127 expression during inflammation in vivo. Overall, upregulation …

The Effectiveness Of The Gnana Laryngeal Mask Airway Ii (Gla-Ii) With Novel Suction Tubing In Gastrointestinal (Gi) Cases, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Landyn D. Johnson, William T. Barham, James Ilochi, Matthew Fredericks, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The Gnana laryngeal mask airway II (GLA-II) is a supraglottic airway device similar to the classic laryngeal mask airway, except it has an additional suction port. This suction port allows for the removal of secretions and saliva. A previous version of the Gnana laryngeal airway 4 was made of silicone, while this newer version is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which is more affordable. This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness and tolerability of this PVC-designed GLA-II and evaluate its ability to suction secretions. METHODS: The prospective cohort study included 100 gastrointestinal (GI) cases to determine the effectiveness and …

The Aphasia Recovery Cohort, An Open-Source Chronic Stroke Repository, Makayla Gibson, Roger Newman-Norlund, Leonardo Bonilha, Julius Fridriksson, Gregory Hickok, Argye E. Hillis, Dirk B. Den Ouden, Chris Rorden

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Sharing neuroimaging datasets enables reproducibility, education, tool development, and new discoveries. Neuroimaging from many studies are publicly available, providing a glimpse into progressive disorders and human development. In contrast, few stroke studies are shared, and these datasets lack longitudinal sampling of functional imaging, diffusion imaging, as well as the behavioral and demographic data that encourage novel applications. This is surprising, as stroke is a leading cause of disability, and acquiring brain imaging is considered standard of care. The first release of the Aphasia Recovery Cohort includes imaging data, demographics and behavioral measures from 230 chronic stroke survivors who experienced aphasia. …

Developing Coexpression Systems To Introduce Hydroxyproline Into Protein Engineered Collagen Peptides Utilizing Hydroxylase From Acanthamoeba Polyphaga Mimivirus, Jennifer Soldatich

Theses and Dissertations

A major challenge of developing collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) by bacterial expression is to include hydroxyproline for biomedical applications. Coexpression of Prolyl-4-hydroxylase from A.mimivirus with CMPs was investigated. Additionally, four expression designs were created for potential applications in mammalian cells to utilize their natural ability of proline-hydroxylation by post-translational modification.

Factors Associated With Recanalization And Reintervention Following Below Knee Polidocanol Endovenous Microfoam Ablation For Great Saphenous And Small Saphenous Veins, John Fang, Christian Fang, Andy Moyal, Enrico Ascher, Anil Hingorani, Natalie Marks

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Polidocanol endovenous microfoam (PEM) has been used to treat lower extremity venous reflux for almost one decade with specific advantages for below knee (BK) truncal veins where thermal ablation poses a risk of injury to adjacent nerves. The current literature of the BK segment often examines short-term outcomes with modest sample sizes. We aim to identify factors associated with recanalization and reintervention in this subset of patients.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of a prospectively maintained database of patients from a single institution who underwent 1% PEM ablation for BK great saphenous vein (GSV) and small saphenous vein …

Bilio-Cecal Stent Migration Presenting As Massive Rectal Bleeding., Lefika Bathobakae, Shady Geris, Mohita Jariwala, Mansi Patel, Jessica Escobar, Ruhin Yuridullah, Kamal Amer, Yana Cavanagh

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Endoscopic biliary stenting is a well-established intervention for the treatment of biliary, hepatic, and pancreatic disorders. The common indications include strictures, neoplasms, stones, infections, and bile leaks. Stents can be occluded, predisposing patients to ascending cholangitis and biliary sepsis. Distal stent migration is another known complication of endoscopic stenting and is usually spontaneous. Bowel perforation, abscesses, bleeding, and pancreatitis are rare complications of distal stent migration and are usually limited to the duodenum. Herein, we describe an extremely rare case of bilio-cecal stent migration presenting as rectal bleeding.

Simple And Epididymal-Sparing Orchiectomy For Surgical Castration In Stage Iv Prostate Cancer, Harrison Travis, Michael Dubic, Joseph Bardot, Blane Edwards, Jessie R. Gills, Scott E. Delacroix, Stephen Lacour, Matthew Mutter, Donald Bell, Mary E. Westerman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy, the mainstay of treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer, can be either medical or surgical. Surgery has cost benefits compared to medical treatment. In this study, we evaluated the use of simple and epididymal-sparing orchiectomy in 2 different practice settings for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent surgical castration for metastatic prostate cancer between 2011 and 2022. The primary outcome was achieving castration-level total testosterone of /dL. We also compared the characteristics of patients who were seen at a public academic teaching hospital vs those who were seen at …

David Taylor Memorial Lecture: Insights Into The Origins Of Intracardiac Surgery, James K. Kirklin

The VAD Journal

David Taylor was an eminent luminary in the field of advanced heart failure and transplantation. As past president of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation, he significantly impacted the field and was a mentor to many young heart failure cardiologists. In addition to many professional activities, David was an integral part of Brano meetings, including numerous eastern European trips promoting education and training in advanced heart failure, mechanical circulatory support, and transplantation

Heartmate 3 As A Bridge To Transplant In An Adult With Failing Fontan Circulation, Kengo Z. Soghoyan, Stephen Cook, Maya Guglin

The VAD Journal

Mechanical circulatory support devices have demonstrated efficacy in adult congenital patients with biventricular repairs. The off-label use of ventricular assist devices may be invaluable for managing end-stage single ventricle failure. We present the case of a 27-year-old male who developed heart failure, congestive hepatopathy, and, ultimately, cardiogenic shock. He received a HeartMate 3 (Abbott, Chicago, IL, USA) without complications one year after the surgery.

Yoga As A Didactic Tool For Musculoskeletal Anatomy For First Year Medical Students, Jennnifer Brueckner-Collins, Scott P. Stuckey

Journal of Wellness

Introduction: Medical education requires students to adjust their study habits. Active learning has been shown to enhance understanding, especially regarding anatomy. Wellness has become increasingly emphasized for medical professionals; thus, it is important for medical students to develop wellness habits to mitigate burnout. Yoga is commonly practiced with a focus on wellness and flow of movements. Yoga as an educational and wellness tool integrated into medical gross anatomy is a worthwhile pursuit. This study describes a series of anatomy-based yoga videos designed to meld wellness activities with musculoskeletal anatomy review for preclinical medical students.

Approach: Six novel yoga …

An Anatomical, Histological, And Immunohistochemical Investigation On The Intestines Of The Eurasian Lynx (Lynx Lynx), Şükran Yedi̇el Aras, Gülseren Kırbaş Doğan, Ebru Karadağ Sarı

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this study, it was aimed to perform an anatomical, histological, and immunohistochemical investigation of the intestines of the lynx. After performing macro-anatomical measurements of the tissues obtained from the small and large intestines of the lynx which was brought to the Kafkas University Veterinary Faculty Clinics and Wild Life Preservation and Rehabilitation Center for treatment but could not be saved despite all interventions, the routine histological procedure was followed. Triple staining was applied to examine the general histological structure of intestinal tissues, and PAS staining was applied for identifying goblet cells. Somatostatin distribution was examined immunohistochemically. The lengths and …

Assessing The Concomitant Presentation Of Acl And Anterolateral Ligament Injuries, Kiang Huang, Katherine Quesada-Tibbetts, Leela Prakash, Neelesh Prakash

Radiology Student Publications

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries severely compromise the quality of life in affected patients, so early detection of concurrent injuries is crucial for quicker rehabilitation and proper surgical treatment. Although injuries to the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament are frequently linked to damage to the ACL, little is known about other important but underappreciated ligament lesions in individuals with ACL injury. The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a less well-known lesion that presents tearing injuries in 32%-88% of patients with ACL tears in the same knee, with a higher prevalence in complete ACL tears. Despite their lower occurrence, ALL tears …

A Review Of The Literature On The Utilization Of Stem Cells In Knee Osteoarthritis, Katrina Krist

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: This literature review evaluates the utilization of various types of stem cells in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Purpose: To assess the different types of stem cell therapy available in an attempt to determine its effectiveness and viability as a long term therapy option.

Methods: Articles were found by searching Augsburg Library Services, Google Scholar, and PubMed for recent, original studies using both allogeneic or autologous stem cells from a variety of cell lines including bone marrow and adipose tissue.

Conclusions: The utilization of stem cells as a viable treatment option for osteoarthritis shows improvement in pain management and return …

Commonly Missed Miscellaneous Ligament Injuries Co-Occurring With Acl Tears On Diagnostic Imaging, Katherine Quesada-Tibbetts, Kian Huang, Mafaz Kattih, Albert Brotgandel, Neelesh Prakash

Radiology Student Publications

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries greatly affect patient quality of life, necessitating the early identification of additional injuries for faster recovery and appropriate surgical care. Although injuries to the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament are commonly linked with ACL injuries, there is less awareness of other significant but less recognized ligament lesions in ACL-deficient patients. These less-common injuries include meniscal ramp lesions and meniscal root tears. Research indicates that concomitant ramp lesions are present in 15%-42% of ACL reconstructions, lateral meniscal root tears in 10%-14%, and medial meniscal root tears in a mere 3%. Despite their lower incidence, meniscal …

Left Atrial Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Strategy In Postcardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock: A Case Series, Daniel Manzur-Sandoval Md, Gian Manuel Jiménez-Rodríguez Md, José Luis Elizalde-Silva Md, Meredith Fernanda Sánchez-Torres Md, Uriel Encarnación-Martínez Md, Cristhian Josué Gaytán-García Md, José Octavio Salazar-Delgado Md, Guadalupe Lisseth Hernández-González Md, Gustavo Rojas-Velasco Md

The VAD Journal

Postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock is a rare complication with high mortality. When patients do not respond to the placement of an intra-aortic balloon pump or pharmacological treatment, therapy with peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane is a viable option that allows active resuscitation. The adjunct use of Impella® (Abiomed, Danvers, MA, USA) allows active unloading of the dysfunctional left ventricle. However, left atrial venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (LAVA-ECMO) is an appealing and effective strategy in cases of aortic dissection, aortic valve replacement, or bioprosthesis of the aorta. Insertion of an extraction cannula that can discharge both atria or only the left atrium allows …

The Efficacy Of Common Prosthetic Joint Infection Prevention Strategies: A Systematic Review, Cameron Jennings

Theses and Graduate Projects

Thousands of total hip and knee arthroplasty patients suffer from prosthetic joint infections every year, making them a leading cause of arthroplasty failure. As the number of these procedures continues to grow, so will the healthcare and socio-economic burden of prosthetic joint infections. A comprehensive search for up-to-date literature was completed via the PubMed database, identifying eighteen retrospective and prospective cohort studies that focused on the four prosthetic joint infection prevention methods of interest. Tobacco use cessation of all forms is an efficacious prosthetic joint infection prevention strategy. The common practices of withholding intra-articular injections prior to surgery, using prophylactic …

Podocyte Cell-Specific Npr1 Is Required For Blood Pressure And Renal Homeostasis In Male And Female Mice: Role Of Sex-Specific Differences, Chandramohan Ramasamy, Kandasamy Neelamegam, Samivel Ramachandran, Huijing Xia, Daniel R. Kapusta, Farhad R. Danesh, Kailash N. Pandey

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP) bind to guanylyl cyclase A/natriuretic peptide receptor A (GC-A/NPRA), stimulating natriuresis and diuresis and reducing blood pressure (BP), but the role of ANP/NPRA signaling in podocytes (highly specialized epithelial cells covering the outer surfaces of renal glomerular capillaries) remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the effect of conditional deletion of podocyte-specific Npr1 (encoding NPRA) gene knockout (KO) in male and female mice. Tamoxifen-treated wild-type control (PD Npr1 f/f; WT), heterozygous (PD-Cre-Npr1 f/+; HT), and KO (PD-Cre-Npr1 f/-) mice were fed a normal-, low-, or high-salt diet for 4 wk. Podocytes isolated …

Renal Mass Imaging Modalities: Does Body Mass Index (Bmi) Matter?, Young Son, Mark E Quiring, Raeann M Dalton, Brian Thomas, Noah Davidson, Dayna Devincentz, Collin Payne, Sahil H Parikh, Benjamin A Fink, Thomas Mueller, Gordon Brown

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

PURPOSE: Accurate measurement of renal mass size is crucial in the management of renal cancer. With the burdensome cost of imaging yet its need for management, a better understanding of the variability among patients when determining mass size remains of urgent importance. Current guidelines on optimal imaging are limited, especially with respect to body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study is to discern which modalities accurately measure renal mass size and whether BMI influences such accuracy.

METHODS: A multi-institutional chart review was performed for adult patients undergoing partial or radical nephrectomy between 2018 and 2021, with 236 patients …

Determining Spatiotemporal Regulation Of Actin Dynamics In Choroid Fissure Closure, Cristal Gonzalez

Master's Theses

There are several stages of development necessary for proper vision. During vertebrate eye development, early eye morphology progresses in three stages: optic cup morphogenesis, basement membrane breakdown, and tissue fusion. Eye development is an intricate collaboration between many cells and requires tissues to migrate and bridge together. The following research investigates the Danio Rerio eye development to understand the molecular regulation of choroid fissure closure (CFC). It is hypothesized that CFC requires temporal and spatial regulation of actin dynamics. We investigate this question using chemical inhibitors, cytochalasin D, an actin treadmilling inhibitor, and NSC23766, a Rac-GEF inhibitor of the actin …

Effect Of Cvd Education On The Perception And Modifiable Health Behaviors Of College Students, Sanitha Douglas

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background

Research reports that cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been a national and global health problem for many years, and that knowledge has increased regarding its prevention (Hennekens, 2020). However, according to Hennekens (2020), CVD remains the number one cause of death in America and most developed countries worldwide. The lack of perception and knowledge of actual CVD risk in the young adult population may be contributing to this deadly disease. This project evaluated the effectiveness of education on CVD risk perception and modifiable health behaviors of college students.

Purpose

This project’s purpose was to assess college students' perception of their …

An Uncommon Cause Of Dyspnea: Unilateral Diaphragmatic Paralysis, Devin Chen

SIU Journal of Medical Science Scholarly Works

Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to review an uncommon cause of dyspnea: unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis.

Method: A 57-year-old male presented to the clinic with exertional dyspnea. Thorough history and physical exam were performed to evaluate the patient, leading to referrals to different specialists for further evaluation. Evaluations from gastroenterology, cardiology, pulmonology, and cardiothoracic surgery specialists allowed for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Emphasis was placed on the causes, symptoms, and treatment of unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis.

Results: The unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis was treated with left thoracotomy and hemi-diaphragm plication, resulting in resolution of symptoms.

Conclusion: …

Potential Targeting Mechanisms For Bone-Directed Therapies, Betul Celik, Andrés Leal, Shunji Tomatsu

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Bone development is characterized by complex regulation mechanisms, including signal transduction and transcription factor-related pathways, glycobiological processes, cellular interactions, transportation mechanisms, and, importantly, chemical formation resulting from hydroxyapatite. Any abnormal regulation in the bone development processes causes skeletal system-related problems. To some extent, the avascularity of cartilage and bone makes drug delivery more challenging than that of soft tissues. Recent studies have implemented many novel bone-targeting approaches to overcome drawbacks. However, none of these strategies fully corrects skeletal dysfunction, particularly in growth plate-related ones. Although direct recombinant enzymes (e.g., Vimizim for Morquio, Cerezyme for Gaucher, Elaprase for Hunter, Mepsevii for …

Sinonasal Anatomical Analysis In Nonsyndromic Bilateral Coronal Suture Craniosynostosis Using Computerized Tomography, Tunchanok Paprad, Netsiri Dumromgpisutikul, Warunee Napakaew

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Craniosynostosis is a deformity of the skull associated with the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. In children with syndromic craniosynostosis, anomalies related to the cranial base and midface contribute to midface hypoplasia, affecting the diameter of the axial facial concavity. Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, especially bilateral coronal suture craniosynostosis, may result in abnormal facial proportions and affect sinonasal anatomy.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine and analyze morphometric measurement values in the sinonasal cavity of patients with nonsyndromic bilateral coronal suture craniosynostosis.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 91 children, aged 0 - 10 …

Csf1r Inhibition Depletes Brain Macrophages And Reduces Brain Virus Burden In Siv-Infected Macaques, Diana G. Bohannon, Laurent D. Zablocki-Thomas, Evan S. Leung, Jinbum K. Dupont, Julian B. Hattler, Jolanta Kowalewska, Miaoyun Zhao, Jiangtao Luo, Marco Salemi, Angela M. Amedee, Qingsheng Li, Marcelo J. Kuroda, Woong-Ki Kim

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Perivascular macrophages (PVMs) and, to a lesser degree, microglia are targets and reservoirs of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in the brain. Previously, we demonstrated that colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) in PVMs was upregulated and activated in chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques with encephalitis, correlating with SIV infection of PVMs. Herein, we investigated the role of CSF1R in the brain during acute SIV infection using BLZ945, a brain-penetrant CSF1R kinase inhibitor. Apart from three uninfected historic controls, nine Indian rhesus macaques were infected acutely with SIVmac251 and divided into three groups (n = 3 each): an untreated control and …

Standardized Patient Evaluation Tool: A Valid Measure Of The Core Competencies, Lindsey E. Eberman, Jessica Edler Nye

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

No abstract provided.

The Value Of Using Validated Competency-Based Assessments Across The Career Span Of An Athletic Trainer, Matthew Drescher, Lindsey Eberman

Clinical Practice in Athletic Training

No abstract provided.