Anatomy Commons^™

Design And Control Of A Peristaltic Pump To Simulate Left Atrial Pressure In A Conductive Silicone Model, Jeremy Collins

Mechanical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

According to the CDC, atrial fibrillation is responsible for more than 454,000 hospitalizations and approximately 158,000 deaths per year. A common treatment for atrial fibrillation is catheter ablation, a process in which a long flexible tube is guided through the femoral artery and to the source of arrhythmia in the heart, where it measures the electrical potential at various locations and converts problematic heart tissue to scar tissue via ablation. This paper details the design and control of a low-cost ($400) peristaltic pump system using repetitive control to replicate blood pressure in the left atrium in a conductive silicone model …

Tight Trip Vs. Loose Grip On Russian Kettlebell Swing Work Capacity, Austin Deshner, Abigail Mccarty, Jerrell C. Campbell, Andrew Fields, Will W. Peveler

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a tight grip(TG) and a loose grip(LG) on work capacity while performing Russian kettlebell swings(KBS). It was hypothesized that LG would result in an ability to perform more work. Thirty fit adults (16 male; 14 female) were tested. Two (TG and LG) separate counterbalanced trials for each subject were collected, counting the number of repetitions completed until volitional exhaustion. RPE for forearms and overall exhaustion were collected post-trial. SPSS was used to run a paired samples t-test. There was a significant difference between the two grips (p = 0.013)(TG …

Effectiveness Of Visual Representations In Undergraduate Human Anatomy And Physiology I & Ii, Mary Agnes Mestayer

Honors Theses

The objective of this project was to explore intersections between student preferences and student performance on anatomical visual representations in Human Anatomy and Physiology I and II. Visual representations are a critical resource for the formation of relationships between function and structure furthermore; students interpret these representations uniquely based on specific factors (learning objective, prior knowledge, the diagram studied, etc.). Phase I of this project gathered undergraduate responses to ten Likert-style questions on their opinions on diagrams and their use in the A&P classroom. Phase II of this project presented participants with twelve manipulated diagrams sourced from three diagram with …

Localization Of Hand And Wrist Anatomic Structures Among Physical Medicine And Rehabilitation Residents: Implication Of Ultrasonography In Palpation Skill Verification, Se Won Lee, Phuong Uyen Le, Craig Van Dien, Stefanie Lai, Eric Aguila

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Objective

The objective of this cross-sectional study is to evaluate the accuracy of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) resident palpation skills of hand and wrist joint and soft tissue structures using ultrasonography (US) verification.

Methods

PM&R residents palpated hand and wrist anatomic structures in an outpatient musculoskeletal (MSK) clinic. Once the presumed structures were localized, residents marked a one centimeter size circle on the overlying skin with an ink marker. The accuracy of the circle over the joint line and soft tissue structures was verified using US.

Results

Overall palpation accuracy for 16 joint line and soft tissue structures was …

Effects Of Ectodermal Dysplasia On The Maxilla: A Study Of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Beyza Karadede Ünal

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of ectodermal dysplasia (ED) on the transverse width of the maxillary bone.

Methods: The ED group was composed of seven people, while the control group consisted of retrospective cone-beam computed tomography images of seven individuals with skeletal class 1 relationship. Images on the sagittal planes were taken, and cross-sections were taken from the longest point of the Anterior Nasal Spine-Posterior Nasal Spine line. The distance between the distal anterior canine teeth from the right buccal cortical bone to the left buccal cortical bone was measured. At the posterior region, the …

The Effect Of Chronic Alcohol Consumption On Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage In Young Men, Emma Hamilton, Grant Hilliard

Honors Theses

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on exercise-induced muscle damage of the knee extensors in young men. METHODS: Twenty-one males (age 21.9 ± 1.1 yr; weight 183.4 ± 27.6 lbs; height 174.0 ± 13.1 cm) performed 100 maximal eccentric contractions at 30°/sec of the knee extensors using their non-dominant leg. The isometric and isokinetic muscle strengths (60°/sec and 180°/sec) were measured pre-exercise and immediately, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and 120 h post-exercise. Muscle soreness and plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity were measured pre-exercise and 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, and …

Informing The Pathway Of Copd Treatment (Impact) Trial: Fibrinogen Levels Predict Risk Of Moderate Or Severe Exacerbations, Dave Singh, Gerard J. Criner, Mark T. Dransfield, David M. G. Halpin, Meilan K. Han, Peter Lange, Sally Lettis, David A. Lipson, David M. Mannino, Neil Martin, Fernando J. Martinez, Bruce E. Miller, Robert Wise, Chang-Qing Zhu, David Lomas

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: Fibrinogen is the frst qualifed prognostic/predictive biomarker for exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The IMPACT trial investigated futicasone furoate/umeclidinium/ vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) triple therapy versus FF/VI and UMEC/VI in patients with symptomatic COPD at risk of exacer‑ bations. This analysis used IMPACT trial data to examine the relationship between fbrinogen levels and exacerbation outcomes in patients with COPD.

Methods: 8094 patients with a fbrinogen assessment at Week 16 were included, baseline fbrinogen data were not measured. Post hoc analyses were performed by fbrinogen quartiles and by 3.5 g/L threshold. Endpoints included on-treatment exacerbations and adverse events …

Use Of Antisense Oligonucleotides To Target Notch2 In Mouse Chondrocytes, Gabrielle Viviana Lanza

Honors Scholar Theses

NOTCH2 is a transmembrane receptor that is part of the Notch receptor family, known for controlling cell differentiation and function. Notch receptors play a crucial role in skeletal development and bone homeostasis. Hajdu Cheney Syndrome (HCS) is a rare monogenic disorder affecting the skeleton caused by a gain-of-function mutation in NOTCH2. Antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) are sequence-specific single-stranded nucleic acids that bind to target mRNA and initiate mRNA degradation. While previous work has explored the role of Notch2 ASOs in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, this paper explores the role of Notch2 and Notch2 ASOs in cells of cartilage tissue. The effect of …

Supply, Demand, And Quality: A Three-Pronged Approach To Blood Product Management In Developing Countries, Kyle L. Gress, Karina Charipova, Ivan Urits, Omar Viswanath, Alan D. Kaye

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

While transfusion of blood and blood products is instinctively linked to the provision of emergent care, blood and blood products are also routinely used for the treatment of subacute and chronic conditions. Despite the efforts of the World Health Organization and others, developing countries are faced with a three-part problem when it comes to access to and delivery of transfusions: insufficient supply, excessive demand, and inadequate quality of available supply. Developing countries rely heavily on replacement and remunerated donors rather than voluntary nonremunerated donors due to concerns regarding donation- and transfusion-transmitted infection as well as local and cultural beliefs. While …

What Did We Learn About Vads In 2020?, Maya Guglin

The VAD Journal

This is our 7th annual literature review on mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices.

Our previous reports were well received by the readers. The full text of the reviews for 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2019 are available online.

In this review, we summarized the most interesting and important, from our standpoint, publications covering MCS from 2020. There may be some slight overlap with the end of 2019 because some papers were published online first, and the year of the publication changed when they became available in print.

For the fourth time this year, we …

Effective Imagery In Scientific Etextbooks, Jordan Moore

Scholars Week

This presentation overviews the benefits of eTextbook images in the fields of science.

Développement D'Une Méthode De Mesure De L'Exposition Sonore Effective Intraauriculaire Pour Une Utilisation En Milieu De Travail, Hugues Nélisse, Fabien Bonnet, Marcos Nogarolli, Jérémie Voix

Rapports de recherche scientifique

De nombreux travailleurs sont exposés quotidiennement à des niveaux de bruit susceptibles d'endommager leur audition. De ce fait, la mesure de l'exposition sonore est essentielle afin d'identifier et d’évaluer des solutions correctives pour protéger adéquatement les travailleurs. Cependant, les méthodes et les technologies de mesure actuelles ne permettent généralement pas de déterminer avec précision l'exposition au bruit subie par un individu sur son lieu de travail. La dosimétrie intraauriculaire est une solution prometteuse pour pallier un certain nombre de problèmes liés aux méthodes de mesure conventionnelles, mais cette méthodologie est fragilisée de trois façons : 1) l'exposition sonore mesurée dans …

C25: The “Spot Sign”: A Predictor Of Hematoma Expansion, Mckenzie Merritt

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Chromosome Xq23 Is Associated With Lower Atherogenic Lipid Concentrations And Favorable Cardiometabolic Indices, Pradeep Natarajan, Akhil Pampana, Sarah E. Graham, Sanni E. Ruotsalainen, James A. Perry, Paul S. De Vries, Jai G. Broome, James P. Pirruccello, Michael C. Honigberg, Krishna Aragam, Brooke Wolford, Jennifer A. Brody, Lucinda Antonacci-Fulton, Moscati Arden, Stella Aslibekyan, Themistocles L. Assimes, Christie M. Ballantyne, Lawrence F. Bielak, Joshua C. Bis, Brian E. Cade, Donna K. Arnett

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Autosomal genetic analyses of blood lipids have yielded key insights for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, X chromosome genetic variation is understudied for blood lipids in large sample sizes. We now analyze genetic and blood lipid data in a high-coverage whole X chromosome sequencing study of 65,322 multi-ancestry participants and perform replication among 456,893 European participants. Common alleles on chromosome Xq23 are strongly associated with reduced total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides (min P = 8.5 × 10⁻⁷²), with similar effects for males and females. Chromosome Xq23 lipid-lowering alleles are associated with reduced odds for CHD among 42,545 …

Automatic Generation And Novel Validation Of Patient-Specific, Anatomically Inclusive Scoliosis Models For Biomechanics-Informed Surgical Planning, Austin Tapp, Michel Audette, James Bennett

College of Engineering & Technology (Batten) Posters

Scoliosis is an abnormal spinal curvature of greater than 10 degrees. Severe scoliotic deformities are addressed with highly invasive procedures: anterior or posterior spinal fusion approaches. This invasiveness is due, in part, to the constraints of current surgical planning, which utilizes computed tomography (CT) scans unable to discern spinal ligaments that are dissected to make the spine sufficiently compliant for correction. If localization of ligaments and soft tissues were achieved pre-operatively, corrective procedures could become safer and more efficient by using finite element (FE) biomechanical simulations to determine decreased incidences of ligament releases. This research aims to achieve ligament localization …

Musculoskeletal Modeling Of The Pelvis And Lumbar Spine During Running, Ruth Higgins, Maryam Moeini, Hunter Bennett, Stacie Ringleb

College of Engineering & Technology (Batten) Posters

Musculoskeletal modeling provides an alternative to in-vivo characteristics that are difficult to directly measure for movements such as running, especially for trunk muscles and joints. The full-body-lumbar-spine (FBLS) model by Raabe and Chaudhari, 2016 is an OpenSim model created for simulations of jogging. The lifting full-body (LFB) model by Beaucage-Gauvreau et al., 2018 is an adaptation of the FBLS created for estimating spinal loads during lifting. PURPOSE: Determine validity of the FBLS and LFB models in simulating pelvis and lumbar spine kinematics during running. METHODS: Inverse Kinematics were executed using experimental data for the FBLS and LFB models. To …

Ketogenic Diet As A Preventative Measure Or Treatment Option For Osteoarthritistargeting Nfl Athletes As A High-Risk Group, Kelsi J. Smith

Selected Honors Theses

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease that results from the degradation of articular cartilage, leading to inflammation, pain, and eventual joint failure. At one time, it was thought that OA was only the result of the natural decline experienced in old age; however, various risk factors have now been identified that may contribute to an increased risk for developing OA. Risk factors may include joint loading, altered biomechanics, obesity, and joint injury, to which athletes are exposed at a high rate. NFL athletes are one group of athletes that have continued to show a high prevalence of arthritis in …

We Are People First, Mary I. Fisher

Physical Therapy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sculpting Organs: An Arts-Based Educational Activity For Anatomy Learning, Annika Gupta

Senior Theses

As an integral component of healthcare, a comprehensive understanding of anatomy is necessary for accurate clinical diagnoses and medical procedures. Beginning in undergraduate classrooms (premedical), there is a need to explore new ways of teaching and learning anatomy to train healthcare professionals. Traditional methods of attending a lecture and reading a textbook may not be the most effective method to learn about anatomical structures—or to engage learners. However, recent studies have reported promising results in the use of arts-based approaches to enhance anatomy learning. Of these, clay sculpting can provide an opportunity for students to participate in an active and …

Characterization Of Age-Associated Gut Microbial Dysbiosis And Plasma Metabolite Alterations In People Living With Hiv (Plwh)., R. Sighal, Smita Ghare, Vaughn Bryant, Sabina Gautam, Chanakya Charan Tirumala, Andrea Reyes-Vega, Craig J. Mcclain, Ronald Cohen, Varand Govind, R L. Cook, Shirish Barve

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Background: HIV-1 infection and aging are independently associated with gut microbial dysbiosis and neurocognitive impairment. However, the interactive effects of HIV-infection and aging on the development of specific pathogenic features of gut microbial dysbiosis and consequent metabolic abnormalities associated with neurocognitive dysfunction remain largely undetermined and were examined in the present study

Ion Channel Candidates Mediating Orexin Neuropeptide Actions On Brainstem Serotonergic Neurons, Saqlain Javed

NYMC Student Theses and Dissertations

A loss of neurons that synthesize the neuropeptide orexin produces the sleep disorder narcolepsy with cataplexy in humans and other animals. How symptoms of this disorder arise is not well understood, but selectively restoring orexin actions at 5-HT DR neurons rescues key symptoms (cataplexy), suggesting normal orexin signaling is important at these neurons. To better understand how orexin acts on these neurons, our lab identified a set of novel orexin actions that appear mediated by unidentified cation- permeable ion channels. To narrow down the list of possible channels, we used a bioinformatics approach to compare published gene expression profiles of …

Assessing The Validity Of The Estimation Of Population Affinity From The Maxillary Hard Palate: An Empirical Approach Using A Modern Forensic Sample, Christopher M. Goden

LSU Master's Theses

In response to Beathard and DiGangi’s (2020) call to action for empirical assessment of population affinity estimation methodology, this study investigates the validity of maxillary palate shape as an indicator of ancestral population affinity for human skeletal remains through the use of Elliptical Fourier Analysis (EFA) and Linear Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). Further, this study also places emphasis on the expressed variation of palate shape within and between population groups exemplified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of EFA data.

Computed tomography scans of 180 individuals of Black, White, and Hispanic population affinities were obtained from the New Mexico Decedent Imaging …

Neurophysiology Of Space Medicine: A Literature Review, Jose R. Velasquez

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Space medicine is becoming an essential and expanding clinical discipline. Acquiring a deeper and complete picture understanding of the multi-systemic response due to space on human health and function is essential to ensure the success of future space exploration. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using PubMed and focused on the current neurophysiologic findings of the central nervous system’s response to space. Ground-based analogues, which mimic the effects of microgravity, and actual spaceflight studies have been used to analyze these physiologic adaptations to space. Overall, cerebellar, sensorimotor and vestibular brain regions seem to be affected the most. Through …

Evidence-Based Practice: Delaying Infant Bathing, Gabrielle Wadle, Grace Frankland

Scholars Week

A hospital's policy regarding infant bathing is currently not congruent with best nursing practice. The hospital’s current policy is to bathe an infant once they are stable and their rectal temperature is at or above 98.6 °F. Although the infant may become stable within the first 24-hours of birth, the World Health Organization recommends that, “Bathing should be delayed until 24 hours after birth.” (2013, p. 4). Research has been completed to support delaying infant bathing until 24 hours post-delivery, suggesting potential modifications to current policy.

Guideline-Directed Heart Failure Therapy In Patients After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation, Bailey M. Colvin, James C. Coons, Craig J. Beavers

The VAD Journal

Background: Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are used as an advanced therapy option for patients with stage D heart failure. These devices provide mechanical unloading of the heart as either a bridge to transplant or recovery, or as destination therapy. In patients with LVADs, there are emerging data on the use of heart failure guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) to improve outcomes. This review describes the current evidence available for the use of neurohormonal blocking agents in patients with LVADs.

Methods: Articles were found using PubMed and web searches for heart failure therapies/neurohormonal blockade and LVADs. Studies were included if they …

Deep-Learning-Based Multivariate Pattern Analysis (Dmvpa): A Tutorial And A Toolbox, Karl M. Kuntzelman, Jacob M. Williams, Phui Cheng Lim, Ashtok Samal, Prahalada K. Rao, Matthew R. Johnson

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

In recent years, multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) has been hugely beneficial for cognitive neuroscience by making new experiment designs possible and by increasing the inferential power of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and other neuroimaging methodologies. In a similar time frame, “deep learning” (a term for the use of artificial neural networks with convolutional, recurrent, or similarly sophisticated architectures) has produced a parallel revolution in the field of machine learning and has been employed across a wide variety of applications. Traditional MVPA also uses a form of machine learning, but most commonly with much simpler techniques based on …

Corneal Nonmyelinating Schwann Cells Illuminated By Single-Cell Transcriptomics And Visualized By Protein Biomarkers., Paola Bargagna-Mohan, Gwendolyn Schultz, Bruce Rheaume, Ephraim F Trakhtenberg, Paul Robson, Sonali Pal-Ghosh, Mary Ann Stepp, Katherine S Given, Wendy B Macklin, Royce Mohan

Anatomy and Regenerative Biology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Characteristics Of Physiology And Physiology-Related Pre-Health Degree Programs In The Physiology Majors Interest Group, Yvonne Ogrodzinski, Erica A. Wehrwein, Kevin Kelly, James M. Poteracki, Valerie Vanryn, Anne R. Crecelius

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

The Physiology Majors Interest Group (P-MIG), a grassroots organization of educators, has collected data on the history and characteristics of Physiology and highly related undergraduate programs (ex: Human Biology, Pre-Medicine, Biomedical Sciences, etc.) that serve a common population of prehealth students. Data was obtained as part of an online survey sent out to P-MIG conference attendees at the 2017-2019 annual meetings (n=30). Participating institutions indicate that 25.9% have degrees called Physiology aligned with 28% being housed in a department of physiology, 75.9% are a Bachelor of Science program, 34.9% are affiliated with a College of Arts and Sciences, and 80% …

The Effects Of Acute Exercise On Bone Turnover Markers In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Cassandra Smith, Alexander Tacey, Jakub Mesinovic, David Scott, Xuzhu Lin, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Joshua R. Lewis, Gustavo Duque, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Background: Bone turnover is the cellular machinery responsible for bone integrity and strength and, in the clinical setting, it is assessed using bone turnover markers (BTMs). Acute exercise can induce mechanical stress on bone which is needed for bone remodelling, but to date, there are conflicting results in regards to the effects of varying mechanical stimuli on BTMs. Objectives: This systematic review examines the effects of acute aerobic, resistance and impact exercises on BTMs in middle and older-aged adults and examines whether the responses are determined by the exercise mode, intensity, age and sex. Methods: We …

Hands, Marc Perlman

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

“Hands” is inspired by my first encounter with a donor in the cadaver lab during my first year of medical school. This poem highlights the intimate relationship between the medical student and their “first patient” and captures the factors that helped me realize the grandeur of the dissecting experience. Through an awareness of the donor’s hands, I became viscerally aware that the cadaver is a real human being who donated their corporeality to help students learn. The bilateral vulnerability of this experience is a critical milestone in the development of health care providers. Given the recent transition from in-person to …