Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration And Associated Factors In Indian Cohort In A Tertiary Care Setting, Jacqueline Hamati, Sai Prashanthi, Raja Narayanan, Niroj Sahoo, Anthony Vipin Das, Padmaja Kumari Rani, Umesh Chandra Behera, Rohit Khanna, Gudlavalleti V.S. Murthy

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

PURPOSE: To report a big data analysis of risk and protective factors in patients with AMD, as well as report on the age-adjusted prevalence in a geriatric Indian cohort in a hospital setting.

METHODS: This retrospective, observational study of all patients older than 60 years of age. Multiple logistic regression was performed for the binary outcome and the presence of AMD. Variables analyzed include age, gender, socioeconomic status, occupation, urban-rural-metropolitan distribution, self-reported history of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), or coronary artery disease (CAD), ocular comorbidities, history of cataract surgery, and presenting VA. Odds ratios (OR) and 99% confidence intervals …

Comparison Of Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Multisystem Health Symptoms Among Workers In The Gas Station Area, Thailand, Chan Pattama Polyong, Anamai Thetkathuek

Kesmas

This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the prevalence of multisystem health symptoms (MHS) of workers in gas station areas before and after their employment and examine the factors affecting the MHS of workers. Data were collected by an interview questionnaire from 200 workers inside and outside refueling areas at eight gas stations in Rayong Province, Thailand. This study found that employees had a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of current MHS in comparison to before starting work (p-value<0.05), with 31.5%. Working overtime for more than 6 hours per week led to respiratory symptoms (OR = 2.63, 95% CI = 1.14–6.07) and psychological symptoms (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.12–6.49). Wearing respiratory protective equipment for less than three hours affected ear/throat/nose systems (OR = 4.26, 95% CI = 1.43–12.65). Petrol refueling resulted in liver (OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.4–12.65) and eye symptoms (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.10–5.39). Therefore, gas station owners should set up enclosed rooms to reduce the duration of fuel exposure, and workers should wear personal protective equipment when refueling or near the dispenser.

The Prevalence Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Racial And Ethnic Minority Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Chinenye Lynette Ejezie, Lara S Savas, Casey Durand, Ross Shegog, Paula Cuccaro

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adolescents has steadily improved over the past several years. However, research conducted to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted this positive trend in HPV vaccine initiation among racial and ethnic minority adolescents is limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine if the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting changes in the US health-care sector affected the increasing HPV vaccine initiation among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adolescents aged 13-17 years.

METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design to examine data from the National Immunization Survey-Teen (2019-2021), logistic regression and moderation analysis were used to model race-specific variations …

Prevalence And Trends Of Advanced Hiv Disease Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Naïve And Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced Patients In South Africa Between 2010-2021: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Marcel K Kitenge, Geoffrey Fatti, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Omololu Aluko, Peter Nyasulu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Despite the significant progress made in South Africa in getting millions of individuals living with HIV into care, many patients still present or re-enter care with Advanced HIV Disease (AHD). We aimed to estimate the prevalence of AHD among ART-naive and ART-experienced patients in South Africa using studies published between January 2010 and May 2022.

METHODS: We searched for relevant data on PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and other sources, with a geographical filters limited to South Africa, up to May 31, 2022. Two reviewers conducted all screening, eligibility assessment, data extraction, and critical appraisal. We synthesized the data using the …

Prevalence Of Symptoms ≤12 Months After Acute Illness, By Covid-19 Testing Status Among Adults - United States, December 2020-March 2023, Juan Carlos C Montoy, James Ford, Huihui Yu, Michael Gottlieb, Dana Morse, Michelle Santangelo, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Kevin Schaeffer, Pamela Logan, Kristin Rising, Mandy J Hill, Lauren E Wisk, Wafah Salah, Ahamed H Idris, Ryan M Huebinger, Erica S Spatz, Robert M Rodriguez, Robin E Klabbers, Kristyn Gatling, Ralph C Wang, Joann G Elmore, Samuel A Mcdonald, Kari A Stephens, Robert A Weinstein, Arjun K Venkatesh, Sharon Saydah, Innovative Support For Patients With Sars-Cov-2 Infections Registry (Inspire) Group

Journal Articles

To further the understanding of post-COVID conditions, and provide a more nuanced description of symptom progression, resolution, emergence, and reemergence after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-like illness, analysts examined data from the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE), a prospective multicenter cohort study. This report includes analysis of data on self-reported symptoms collected from 1,296 adults with COVID-like illness who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using a Food and Drug Administration-approved polymerase chain reaction or antigen test at the time of enrollment and reported symptoms at 3-month intervals for 12 months. Prevalence of any symptom decreased substantially between baseline …

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Sexual And Reproductive Health Literacy Among Youth Living With Hiv In Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study, Benedicto Mugabi, Miisa Nanyingi, Richard Kabanda, Juliet Ndibazza, Peter Elyanu, John Baptist Asiimwe, Gorret Nazziwa, Gilbert Habaasa, Adeodata Kekitiinwa

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background

Adequate sexual and reproductive health literacy (SRHL) among young people has been linked to informed sexual behaviours. Studies on SRHL have largely been conducted among the general adolescent population. Little is known about youth aged 15-24 years living with human immunodeficiency virus (YLHIV). There is a possible lack of SRHL in this population, considering the high rate of teenage pregnancies and unprotected sex reported by YLHIV. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated personal and environmental factors for SRHL among YLHIV at a high-volume urban HIV Clinic in Uganda.

Methods

Through a cross-sectional survey, YLHIV receiving routine …

Spatial Epidemiologic Analysis And Risk Factors For Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections, Missouri, Usa, 2008-2019, Carlos Mejia-Chew, Miguel A Chavez, Min Lian, Angela Mckee, Leighton Garrett, Thomas C Bailey, Andrej Spec, Mansi Agarwal, George Turabelidze

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are caused by environmental exposure. We describe spatial distribution of NTM infections and associations with sociodemographic factors and flooding in Missouri, USA. Our retrospective analysis of mycobacterial cultures reported to the Missouri Department of Health and Social Services surveillance system during January 1, 2008-December 31, 2019, detected geographic clusters of infection. Multilevel Poisson regression quantified small-area geographic variations and identified characteristics associated with risk for infection. Median county-level NTM infection rate was 66.33 (interquartile range 51-91)/100,000 persons. Risk of clustering was significantly higher in rural areas (rate ratio 2.82, 95% CI 1.90-4.19) and in counties with …

Epidemiology Of Celiac Disease In Northern Morocco In 2018–2021: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study, Maroua Haddadi, Ihsan Mellouki, Yousra Benmakhlouf, Adama Diakite, Aymane Khaili, Said Barrijal, Haiat Essalmani

Kesmas

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease caused by gluten. This retrospective cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims was conducted over three years, from 2018 to 2021. The participants were 280 patients diagnosed with celiac disease registered in the Gluten Intolerant and Allergic Association of the North in the Tangier-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region. The prevalence and incidence of celiac disease in this region were 1/135 and 1/253, respectively. The average age was 21.18 ± 1.13, and the first symptoms appeared between 10 and 25 years. The data showed a female predominance of 68% versus 32% for males, with a male/female sex …

The Prevalence Of Diabetes In Juveniles, Tatyana Johnson

Graduate Student Dissertations, Theses, Capstones, and Portfolios

Diabetes mellitus, simply known as diabetes, is a metabolic disorder that impacts how the body makes use of glucose or blood sugar. Glucose is the primary supply of energy for the body’s cells, which is controlled by insulin, a pancreatic hormone. Diabetes results in high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), which are caused by either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or ineffective insulin utilization by the body (Dean & McEntyre, 2004). Although there are several types of diabetes, the two main types are type 1 and type 2. Type 1, also known as juvenile diabetes, is an inflammatory condition in …

Prevalence, Management And Efficacy Of Treatment In Portal Vein Obstruction After Paediatric Liver Transplantation: Protocol Of The Retrospective International Multicentre Portal Registry., Bader A. Alfares, Hubert P J Van Der Doef, Barbara E. Wildhaber, Thomas Casswall, Greg Nowak, Martin Delle, Denise Aldrian, Valeria Berchtold, Georg F. Vogel, Piotr Kaliciński, Malgorzata Markiewicz-Kijewska, Adam Kolesnik, Jesús Q. Bernabeu, María Mercadal Hally, Mauricio Larrarte K, Paolo Marra, Michela Bravi, Domenico Pinelli, Mureo Kasahara, Seisuke Sakamoto, Hajime Uchida, Vidyadhar Mali, Marion Aw, Stéphanie Franchi-Abella, Emmanuel Gonzales, Florent Guérin, Guillermo Cervio, Julia Minetto, Sergio Sierre, Martin De Santibañes, Victoria Ardiles, Jimmy Walker Uno, Helen Evans, David Duncan, John Mccall, Steffen Hartleif, Ekkehard Sturm, Jai Patel, Marumbo Mtegha, Raj Prasad, Cristina T. Ferreira, Luiza S. Nader, Marco Farina, Catalina Jaramillo, Manuel I. Rodriguez-Davalos, Peter Feola, Amit A. Shah, Phoebe M. Wood, Michael R. Acord, Ryan T. Fischer, Bhargava Mullapudi, Richard J. Hendrickson, Rajeev Khanna, Viniyendra Pamecha, Amar Mukund, Khalid Sharif, Girish Gupte, Simon Mcguirk, Gilda Porta, Marco Spada, Tommaso Alterio, Giuseppe Maggiore, Winita Hardikar, Marisa Beretta, Rudi Dierckx, Ruben H J De Kleine, Reinoud P H Bokkers

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Portal vein obstruction (PVO) consists of anastomotic stenosis and thrombosis, which occurs due to a progression of the former. The aim of this large-scale international study is to assess the prevalence, current management practices and efficacy of treatment in patients with PVO.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The Portal vein Obstruction Revascularisation Therapy After Liver transplantation registry will facilitate an international, retrospective, multicentre, observational study, with 25 centres around the world already actively involved. Paediatric patients (agedyears) with a diagnosed PVO between 1 January 2001 and 1 January 2021 after liver transplantation will be eligible for inclusion. The primary endpoints are …

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome And Stroke: A Population Based Cohort Study, Amir Moghadam-Ahmadi, Narjes Soltani, Fatemeh Ayoobi, Zahra Jamali, Tabandeh Sadeghi, Nazanin Jalali, Alireza Vakilian, Mohammad Amin Lotfi, Parvin Khalili

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and stroke are associated with increased risk of mortality. Here, we aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS among adults using three definitions (Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF ethnic specific cut-off for Iranian criteria) and its association with stroke. We performed a cross-sectional study of a total of 9991 adult participants of Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), as part of the Prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN cohort study). The MetS prevalence was evaluated in participants according to the different criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Suicidality Among Adults Initiating Office-Based Buprenorphine., Michelle R. Lent, Karen L Dugosh, Emily Hurstak, Hannah R. Callahan, Kimberly Mazur, Greater Philadelphia Opioid Use Disorder Research Group

PCOM Scholarly Papers

BACKGROUND: Individuals who have substance use disorders may have an elevated risk of suicidality. This study sought to examine the prevalence of, and identify factors associated with, suicidality in adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) initiating office-based buprenorphine treatment.

METHODS: Individuals were eligible to participate if they had OUD and had initiated treatment in the past month. Participants (n = 244) completed a semi-structured interview using the Addiction Severity Index-Lite.

RESULTS: At baseline, 37.70% of participants reported significant thoughts of suicide over their lifetime and 27.46% reported suicidal attempts over their lifetime. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors …

Early Diagnosis Of Celiac Disease In Pediatric Patients, Nicole Gertsberg

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Celiac disease affects about 1% of the population; however, the indistinct symptoms make it difficult to diagnose. Children are vulnerable populations who are able to experience this disease, but go severely undiagnosed. As a result, when this population matures, additional health issues arise such as other autoimmune diseases. Different studies were done regarding diet modifications, gaps in research, and treatment options for Celiac disease. This is the reason to investigate whether early diagnosis in childhood will achieve better health outcomes through diet modifications. A cohort study will be performed on Celiac disease patients, ages 5 to 15 years old at …

Assessing And Characterizing Marijuana Use Disorders (Dsm-5) — National Survey On Drug Use And Health, United States, 2020, Alejandro Azofeifa-Ujueta

Dissertations

Despite that marijuana (cannabis) is still considered, under federal law, an illegal Schedule I drug, marijuana is the most commonly used illicit substance in the United States. National trend data has shown that the prevalence of marijuana use has increased over time, particularly among those aged 18 years and older. Some individuals can use marijuana without harm; however, long-term and heavy marijuana users may experience health consequences, including marijuana use disorders (addiction). For the last 20 years, existing national and statelevel epidemiological, surveillance, and research data have analyzed marijuana use disorders (MUD) using previous diagnostic criteria (DSM-IV). There is limited …

Prevalence Of Potentially Traumatic Events And Symptoms Of Depression, Anxiety, Hazardous Alcohol Use, And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among People With Hiv Initiating Hiv Care In Cameroon, Angela M Parcesepe, Lindsey M Filiatreau, Peter Vanes Ebasone, Anastase Dzudie, Brian W Pence, Milton Wainberg, Marcel Yotebieng, Kathryn Anastos, Eric Pefura-Yone, Denis Nsame, Rogers Ajeh, Denis Nash

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: This study explored the relationship between specific types of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and symptoms of mental health disorders among people with HIV (PWH) in Cameroon.

METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with 426 PWH in Cameroon between 2019-2020. Multivariable log binominal regression was used to estimate the association between exposure (yes/no) to six distinct types of PTE and symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score > 9), PTSD (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 score > 30), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale score > 9), and hazardous alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score > 7 for men; > 6 for women).

RESULTS: A …

Theoretical Framework For The Study Of Genetic Diseases Caused By Dominant Alleles, Michael Roberts, Stephen Bricher

Articles, Essays, & Creative Writing

We propose a theoretical basis for analyzing several features of genetic diseases caused by dominant alleles, including: disease prevalence, genotype penetrance, and the relationship between causal genotype frequency and disease frequency. In addition, we provide a theoretical framework for accurate diagnosis and clinical approaches for disease study, including two examples in which inaccurate and incomplete diagnoses affect the estimates of disease prevalence: First, the disease iceberg effect shows that disease prevalence is often underestimated due to errors introduced by inaccurate diagnosis; second, because lifetime risk of disease is cumulative, and therefore an increasing function of age, measurements of prevalence are …

Neighborhood Condition Prevalence Rates Correlate With Covid-19 Mortality In Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, George L. Morris Iii

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: We sought to determine if census tract-level (ie, neighborhood) COVID-19 death rates in Milwaukee County correlated with the census tract-level condition prevalence rates (CPRs) for individual COVID-19 mortality risk.

Methods: This study used Milwaukee County-reported COVID-19 death rates per 100,000 lives for the 296 census tracts within the county to perform a linear regression with individual COVID-19 mortality risk CPR, mean age, racial composition of census tract (by percentage of non-White residents), and poverty (by percentage within census tract), followed by multiple regression with all 7 CPRs as well as the 7 CPRs combined with the additional demographic variables. …

Prevalence And Geographic Distribution Of Self-Reported Chronic Kidney Disease And Potential Risk Factors In Central America, Erika Figueroa-Solis, David Gimeno Ruiz De Porras, Marianela Rojas-Garbanzo, Lawrence Whitehead, Kai Zhang, George L Delclos

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Cases for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) are increasing in specific disease hotspots located in rural agricultural communities over Central America. The goal of the study was to estimate the prevalence and geographic distribution of self-reported work-related CKD and associated risk factors for CKDu by industry sector in Central America.

METHODS: We calculated the prevalence and distribution of self-reported CKD, work-related CKD, and suspected CKDu risk factors among the 9032 workers in the Second Central American Survey of Working Conditions and Health (II ECCTS, 2018). We mapped the distribution of suspected CKDu risk factors to work-related CKDu …

Prevalence And Concordance Of Oral And Genital Hpv By Sexual Orientation Among Us Men, Kalyani Sonawane, Shiang Shiuan Shyu, Haluk Damgacioglu, Ruosha Li, Alan G Nyitray, Ashish A Deshmukh

Journal Articles

The objective of our study was to describe oral and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection prevalence and concordance by sexual orientation among US men using a nationally representative sample. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The survey conducts a physical examination and collects oral rinse and genital swab specimens; demographic and health behaviors are self-reported. We used descriptive statistics and multivariate regression models to estimate HPV infection prevalence and the likelihood of HPV infection, respectively. All analyses were adjusted for National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey design and weights, and statistical …

Risk Factors And Outcomes Of Acute Kidney Injury Among Covid-19 Patients At A Tertiary Hospital In Kenya, Susan Cheruiyot

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel infection caused by the SARS-Cov-2 virus, was declared a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Three years later, 350,000 Kenyans had gotten the infection, with approximately 5,700 reported related deaths. Despite emerging research on the new virus, studies from the African continent on the impact of COVID-19 on the kidneys have been few. Early studies suggest that up to 75% of patients with COVID-19 have a derangement in their kidney function as evidenced by new onset proteinuria and hematuria. That said, the prevalence of acute kidney injury has varied greatly across populations, …

Association Of Generalized Joint Hypermobility And Occurrence Of Musculoskeletal Injury In Physical Therapy And Occupational Therapy Students, Katie A. Harris

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background: Previous studies have found a higher rate of hypermobility among physical and occupational therapy students compared to the rate of hypermobility within the general public. Hypermobility has been linked to increased injury rates. This raises the question of the influence hypermobility has on injury type and recurrence.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to examine the rate of hypermobility and injury history among physical and occupational therapy students. The injury type and frequency of those with hypermobility was compared to those without hypermobility to determine if there was a relationship. The Foot Posture Index was used …

Subendocardial And Transmural Myocardial Ischemia: Clinical Characteristics, Prevalence, And Outcomes With And Without Revascularization, K Lance Gould, Tung Nguyen, Richard Kirkeeide, Amanda E Roby, Linh Bui, Danai Kitkungvan, Monica B Patel, Mohammad Madjid, Mary Haynie, Dejian Lai, Ruosha Li, Jagat Narula, Nils P Johnson

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Subendocardial ischemia is commonly diagnosed but not quantified by imaging.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to define size and severity of subendocardial and transmural stress perfusion deficits, clinical associations, and outcomes.

METHODS: Regional rest-stress perfusion in mL/min/g, coronary flow reserve, coronary flow capacity (CFC), relative stress flow, subendocardial stress-to-rest ratio and stress subendocardial-to-subepicardial ratio as percentage of left ventricle were measured by positron emission tomography (PET) with rubidium Rb 82 and dipyridamole stress in serial 6,331 diagnostic PETs with prospective 10-year follow-up for major adverse cardiac events with and without revascularization.

RESULTS: Of 6,331 diagnostic PETs, 1,316 (20.7%) had severely …

Prevalence Of Multimorbidity In The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study At Baseline, Katie Highfill

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of multimorbidity among middle-aged adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study at baseline by examining the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the participants.

Methods

I included 15,698 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) baseline visit. Participants were randomly selected from 4 different locations in the United States. Multimorbidity was defined as the prevalence of 2 or more chronic conditions in an individual. Three different multimorbidity definitions (MM1, MM2, and MM3) were created with different inclusion criterion. Prevalence of each multimorbidity definition was analyzed among participants using …

Prevalence Of Nicotine Delivery Systems By Biological Sex In The Spit For Science Study, Ayrton Quiroz, Amy Adkins, S4s Working Group, Elizabeth Prom-Wormley, Elizabeth K. Do, Megan Cooke, James Clifford, Hermine H. Maes

Undergraduate Research Posters

Nicotine intake usage trends have changed over recent decades given the wide variety of nicotine delivery systems including cigarettes, vaping, hookah, and snubs/chewables. These trends also vary by demographic factors, such as race/ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES). For example, studies in rat populations, as well as humans, have found that females tend to be more dependent on nicotine products and have a more difficult time quitting than male rats and humans (Pogun et al., 2017). Also, race/ethnicity may impact the frequency of nicotine usage in different populations; in that non-white Hispanics were more susceptible to smoking through adolescence with …

Prevalence Of Depressive Symptoms And Correlates Among Individuals Who Self-Reported Sars-Cov-2 Infection After Optimizing The Covid-19 Response In China, Liangjia Wei, Jiao Qin, Zhifeng Lin, Xinju Huang, Jinfeng He, Dee Yu, Fei Zhang, Sisi Li, Ping Cen, Mu Li, Tong Luo, Rongjing Zhang, Shanmei Zhong, Cai Qin, Zeyu Li, Yuan Yang, Huiqi Pan, Mengdi Zhao, Xiaoqiong Wu, Junjun Jiang, Hao Liang, Li Ye, Bingyu Liang

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: The burden of depression symptoms has increased among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during COVID-19 pandemic. However, the prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain uncertain after optimizing the COVID-19 response in China.

METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among the public from January 6 to 30, 2023, using a convenience sampling method. Sociodemographic and COVID-19 pandemic-related factors were collected. The depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associated factors with depressive symptoms.

RESULTS: A total of 2,726 participants completed the survey. …

Registry-Based Cohort Study Of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Prevalence, Incidence And Mortality In Denmark 2000-2018, John Acquavella, Emese Vágó, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Erzsébet Horváth-Puhó, Gregory P. Hess

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of diagnosed alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (dAATD) in Denmark as of 31 December 2018, and dAATD incidence and mortality from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2018.

STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We used the Danish National Patient Registry to identify patients with dAATD based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) code E88.0A and the Danish Civil Registration System (CRS) for population counts and vital status. We estimated dAATD prevalence, incidence and mortality. We compared mortality among patients with dAATD and an age-matched and sex-matched cohort extracted from the Danish CRS. We conducted a …

Anthelmintic Resistance In Sheep Across Ireland And The Uk: A Literature Review Of The In Vivo Versus In Vitro Methods, Megan Tumulty

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background: The animal welfare and production consequences of gastrointestinal nematode infections, namely Nematodirus battus, on sheep are compelling. The control of gastrointestinal infections has been heavily reliant on the administration of anthelmintics since their introduction into mainstream use in 1960. However, their frequent and often excessive use has resulted in anthelmintic resistance being reported extensively in several gastrointestinal nematode species. The prevalence of anthelmintic resistance as well as the increase in the number of cases of multiple-drug resistance in nematode populations now poses substantial hindrance on the viability of sheep production systems. However, despite the threat N. battus poses …

Prevalence Estimates Of Trafficking In Persons Using Statistical Definitions: A Cross-Sectional High-Risk Community Survey In Cape Town, South Africa, Rumi Kato Price, Annah K Bender, Floriana H Milazzo, Edna G Rich, Nicolette V Roman, Sheldon X Zhang, Erica L Koegler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Current research on trafficking in persons (TIP) relies heavily on legal and prosecutorial definitions. A public health approach has called for population-level assessment; however, identification of TIP victims lacks a standardised operational definition. This study applied the Prevalence Reduction Innovation Forum (PRIF) statistical definitions, developed by the US Department of State, to a community survey in Cape Town, South Africa.

DESIGNS: A high-risk sampling strategy was used. TIP screening questions from two instruments were matched with PRIF domain indicators to generate prevalence estimates. Sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristics analyses were conducted to assess the performance of the two …

Prevalence And Effect Of Cannabis Use In Acute Pancreatitis Of Unknown Etiology, Hanna Tran

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Simons-Linares CR, Barkin JA, Wang Y, et al. Is There an Effect of Cannabis Consumption on Acute Pancreatitis?. Dig Dis Sci. 2018;63(10):2786-2791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-018-5169-2

for a patient with cannabis-associated acute pancreatitis.

The Prevalence Of Sars-Cov-2 Antibodies Within The Community Of A Private Tertiary University In The Philippines: A Serial Cross Sectional Study, Lourdes S. Tanchanco, Jenica Clarisse Y. Sy, Angel Belle C. Dy, Myla D. Levantino, Arianna Maever L. Amit, John Wong, Kirsten Angeles, John Paul Vergara

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a public health emergency in all sectors of society, including universities and other academic institutions. This study determined the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among administrators, faculty, staff, and students of a private tertiary academic institution in the Philippines over a 7 month period. It employed a serial cross-sectional method using qualitative and quantitative COVID-19 antibody test kits. A total of 1,318 participants were tested, showing 47.80% of the study population yielding IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 virus. A general increase in seroprevalence was observed from June to December 2021, which coincided with the vaccine roll-out of …