Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Growth Factor Phenotype Map For Ovine Preimplantation Development., A J Watson, P H Watson, M Arcellana-Panlilio, D Warnes, S K Walker, G A Schultz, D T Armstrong, R F Seamark

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the patterns of expression for several growth factor ligand and receptor genes during ovine preimplantation development. Transcripts for insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II, and the receptors for insulin and IGF-I were detected throughout ovine preimplantation development from the 1-cell to the blastocyst stage. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) transcripts were also detected throughout ovine preimplantation development. The mRNAs encoding basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected in all stages of the ovine preimplantation embryo, although the relative abundance of this transcript consistently decreased from the 1-cell to the blastocyst …

Possible Roles Of Insulin And Insulin-Like Growth Factors In Rat Preimplantation Development: Investigation Of Gene Expression By Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction., X Zhang, G M Kidder, A J Watson, G A Schultz, D T Armstrong

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

The sensitive mRNA phenotyping technique of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to demonstrate that insulin receptor mRNA is present in rat embryos during the preimplantation period. In addition, mRNA encoding insulin-like growth factor (IGF) type I and type II receptors have also been detected in rat preimplantation embryos. IGF-I mRNA was not detected in preimplantation embryos but was found in oviducts and uteri of prepubertal and early pregnant rats. IGF-II mRNA was present in both embryos and in oviducts and uteri during the preimplantation period. These findings suggest that insulin and IGF-I could influence early embryo development in endocrine …

Bacteriuria And Pregnancy Outcome: A Prospective Hospital-Based Study In Pakistani Women, Rahat N. Qureshi, Khalid S. Khan, Omar Darr, Nasir Khattak, Bader J. Farooqui, Javed H. Rizvi

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

The prevalence of bacteriuria in Pakistani women and its association with complications of pregnancy was studied. Out of 1579 women, 77 had bacteriuria (4.8%). There was no association of age, gravidity, parity, haemoglobin, pre-eclampsia, mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, preterm delivery and low birth-weight with presence of bacteriuria. With detection and treatment the pregnancy outcome of women with bacteriuria in pregnancy was the same as that of those without.

Bacteriuria And Pregnancy Outcome: A Prospective Hospital-Based Study In Pakistani Women, Rahat Qureshi, Khalid S. Khan, Omar Darr, Nasir Khattak, Javaid H. Rizvi, Bader J. Farooqui

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

The prevalence of bacteriuria in Pakistani women and its association with complications of pregnancy was studied. Out of 1579 women, 77 had bacteriuria (4.8%). There was no association of age, gravidity, parity, haemoglobin, pre-eclampsia, mode of delivery, gestational age at delivery, preterm delivery and low birth-weight with presence of bacteriuria. With detection and treatment the pregnancy outcome of women with bacteriuria in pregnancy was the same as that of those without

Prevalence Of Asymptomatic Chlamydia In Pregnancy, Cynthia Mcalpin

MSN Research Projects

Chlamydia has become the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Most infected women are asymptomatic carriers of the infection. Chlamydia is not a reportable disease in the State of Mississippi. Therefore, no data are available regarding the magnitude of infection in Northeast Mississippi. The purpose of this study was to identify asymptomatic chlamydial infections in pregnant women attending a midwifery clinic in Northeast Mississippi. The Neuman Systems Model identifying levels of prevention was utilized as the theoretical framework. The research questions guiding the study were what percentage of pregnant women are asymptomatic and what are the clinical, …

The Legal Significance Of Gestation, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Book Review, Ann Marie Wheatcraft

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Review of: ROBERT H. BLANK, MOTHER AND FETUS: CHANGING NOTIONS OF MATERNAL RESPONSIBILITY. (Greenwood Press 1992) [207 pp.], Appendix, bibliography, figures, index, preface, tables. LC-91- 38029; ISBN 0-313-27639-0. [$45.00 cloth. 88 Post Road West, Box 5007, Westport CT 06881.]

Being Pregnant And Using Drugs: A Retrospective Phenomenological Inquiry, Merry A. Armstrong Dnsc, Msn

Dissertations

Qualitative methodology was employed to conduct a phenomenological inquiry describing the structure of the experience of being pregnant and using drugs. The purpose of the study was to explore the nature of women's experience and perception of the interaction, relationship, and intersection of contextual phenomena of lifestyle, pregnancy, and substance abuse. Data gathering and analysis was accomplished using guidelines provided by Spiegelberg and Van Manen. Eleven mothers voluntarily participating in a recovery program described their prior experience of being addicted and pregnant during 2 conversations with the researcher. Through transcript analysis of the first audio-taped interview, major and minor themes …

Risk Assessment For Developmental Toxicity: Airborne Occupational Exposure To Ethanol And Iodine, Donald R. Mattison

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dean Mattison explains hazard identification, hazard characterization and exposure characterization as furnishing a foundation for Risk assessment generally. He then illustrates their application in assessing the fetal Risk posed by two common substances. Ultimately, he argues that only after Risks have been so examined can women of child bearing age (or anyone) decide what if any measures are appropriate to avoid them.

Fertile Women May Now Apply: Fetal Protection Policies After Johnson Controls, Barbara Ruhe Grumet

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

In its recent interpretation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the U.S. Supreme Court leaves little room for permissible occupational sex discrimination. However, its decision has wider implications. Here, Professor Grumet takes a look at some of them from both a legal and a social perspective, including matters such as employees' reproductive freedom and employers' potential liability for a variety of possible injuries to employees' offspring.

Evidence For Attenuation Of Myo-Inositol Uptake, Phosphoinositide Turnover And Inositol Phosphate Production In Aortic Vasculature Of Rats During Pregnancy, Kirk P. Conrad, Susan A. Barrera, Peter A. Friedman, Vicki M. Schmidt

Dartmouth Scholarship

We postulated that vascular phosphoinositide metabolism is attenuated during pregnancy, and thereby could contribute to maternal vasodilation and reduced vascular reactivity. The basal rate of incorporation of [3H]myo-inositol and [3H]glycerol into phosphoinositides of aortae from pregnant rats in vitro was significantly reduced, when compared with vessels from virgin animals. After injection of [3H]myo-inositol intravenously into chronically instrumented conscious pregnant and virgin rats, the incorporation of the label by phosphatidylinositol was 66 +/- 4% less in aortae of gravid versus virgin animals (P less than 0.001), despite comparable plasma concentrations of radioactivity. Fold stimulation of total [3H]inositol phosphates by arginine vasopressin, …

Problems And Coping Styles Of Antepartal Patients Being Treated For Risk Of Preterm Labor, Janet Wiehrs Rogers

Ellmer School of Nursing Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify the range of problems and coping strategies as perceived by antepartal patients experiencing medical treatment to decrease risk of preterm labor. In this qualitative, interpretive study problems and coping strategies were identified through semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of seven antepartal patients. Using content analysis of interview data, identified problems were categorized, and for each problem, coping strategies were identified and grouped using the categories of the Jalowiec Coping Scale. Major categories of problems were: bedrest, role change, finances, uncomfortable emotions, and reactions of families and friends. Supportant, palliative, and confrontive …

Oncolog, Volume 36, Issue 02, April-June 1991, Gilbert H. Fletcher M.D., James M. Bowen Phd

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Redefining the risks of chemotherapy during pregnancy Renewing the assault on pancreatic cancer
• Significance of cancer volume in radiotherapy

Rubella Susceptibility And Continuing Risk Of Infection In Pregnancy, Saadiya Rasul, Mohammad Khurshid, Javaid Rizvi, Shahbanu Rizvi

Section of Haematology/Oncology

Sera of 2000 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of the Aga Khan University Hospital were tested for rubella antibodies. Of these 1684(84.2%) were Immune and 316(15.8%) were susceptible to rubella. Majority (99.8%) of the women were Asian in origin. Susceptibility decreased with increasing age and parity. We conclude that apart from vaccination of all young children greater attention should be paid to immunization of women of child-bearing age

Maternal-Neonatal Serum Vitamin A Concentrations., Girish S. Shirali, D G. Oelberg, K P. Mehta

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Prevention of neonatal vitamin A deficiency is related to the adequacy of maternal vitamin A stores. In this study we investigated maternal and cord serum vitamin A and retinol-binding protein (RBP) values in an Indian population including, for the first time, clinically vitamin A-deficient mothers. Twenty-eight maternal-neonatal pairs were selected from maternal cohorts of high socioeconomic status without clinical evidence of vitamin A deficiency (group I) and low socioeconomic status with conjunctival xerosis and Bitot's spots (group II). Maternal education, caloric and vitamin A intakes, weight, height, hemoglobin, and birth weight were significantly lower in group II. Serum vitamin A …

Pregnancy Outcome In Military And Civilian Women, Karen Messersmith Heroman Dnsc

Dissertations

Low birth weight and prematurity account for much of the morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period as well as for much of the cost in newborn care. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if two groups of pregnant women, military enlisted and civilian dependents, differed in selected risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, weight gain, prenatal care, work patterns, life stress, and social support) or in pregnancy outcome (infant birth weight and gestational age). The House (1981) theory of stress, social support, and health served as the framework for this study. Since little has been published on pregnancy …

U.S. Women And Hiv Infection, P. Clay Stephens

New England Journal of Public Policy

Women are inadequately provided with HIV services and education and are differentially denied access to these. Divisions of race, ethnicity, economic class, and religion, among others, are compounded by sexual discrimination within each of these categories.

Review of current data on women with AIDS reveals that the reporting methods used convey a false impression that women are not at significant risk. Moreover, the persons indirectly affected by AIDS are predominantly women — mothers, sisters, partners, family members, teachers, and human service workers. Thus, AIDS is more of a women's issue than the statistics imply.

Women, as a gender-defined class, face …

Anaemia In Pregnancy: Occurrence In Two Economically Different Clinic Populations Of Karachi, Saadiya Aziz Karim, Mohammad Khurshid, Javed H. Rizvi

Section of Haematology/Oncology

According to previous WHO standards, anaemia in pregnancy denoted a haemoglobin level of 11.0 gms/dl or less, but this is now considered to be variable¹ as it differs from country to country depending on local reference ranges and socio-economic conditions. Each country should “lay down minimal acceptable standards” below which an individual is considered to be anaemic, taking into account the available fmancial and manpower resources and other health needs of the country². There is a wide divergence in the quoted prevalence of anaemia in Pakistan and neigh­bouring countries.^3-6 This study was undertaken to determine a …

Pregravid Weight, Prenatal Weight Gain And Maternal Age As Risk Factors In Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension Development, Maryellen C. Remich

Ellmer School of Nursing Theses & Dissertations

This study examined whether the factors of pregravid weight, total prenatal weight gain at twenty-eight weeks and maternal age correlated with the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension in the third trimester. An ex post facto chart review of low risk primigravidas attending a public health maternity clinic was performed. A multiple regression correlation procedure demonstrated no significant correlation between the variables. Significant results of Chi-sguare tests of independence were demonstrated between low maternal age and pregnancy-induced hypertension development and between the failure of the mean arterial pressure to decrease in the second trimester and the development of pregnancy-induced hypertension in the …

Evidence Against The Hypothesis That Prostaglandins Are The Vasodepressor Agents Of Pregnancy. Serial Studies In Chronically Instrumented, Conscious Rats., Kirk P. Conrad, Mary C. Colpoys

Dartmouth Scholarship

Renal hemodynamics increase dramatically during pregnancy, and pressor responsiveness to exogenous administration of vasoconstrictors is attenuated. We investigated whether or not vasodilatory prostaglandins mediate these phenomena. Trained, chronically instrumented, conscious pregnant rats were used. Control values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were elevated at midgestation (P less than 0.01 and P = 0.05 from prepregnant means, respectively), and effective renal vascular resistance was decreased (P = 0.05). Indomethacin (4.5-6.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]) failed to decrease renal hemodynamics at this stage of pregnancy; in fact, it raised GFR somewhat further (P less than 0.05). …

Marlow, Mark Howard (Fa 118), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 118. "Folk remedies and cures." Collection of folk cures and beliefs pertaining to infants and pregnant women, as well as the opinions of a pediatrician towards these practices.

Psychosocial, Legal, And Ethical Dimensions Of Ultrasound Imaging In Pregnancy, Karen H. Rothenberg

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ariel - Volume 12(13) Number 4, Matt Levin, Gary Fishbein, Brad Carter, Bill Kendrick, George Cher, Bessann Dawson, Mark Shelly, Mike Patti, Chris Tomaszewski, Stephen Greenspan, Tom Smith, Ken Margulies, Ed Podgorski

Ariel

Co-Editors

Gary Fishbein

Lynn Solomon

Business Manager

Rich Davis

Assistant Business Manager

Jeff Lavanier

Layout Editors

Paul J. Berlin

Tracy A. Glauser

Photography Editor

Ben Alman

Serial Cardiovascular Adaptations During Pregnancy, Mark Vincent Hart

Dissertations and Theses

Maternal cardiovascular adaptations appear to be essential in order to supply extra circulation to both the developing fetus and maternal system during a successful pregnancy. Since inadequate cardiovascular adjustments may produce abortions or maternal morbidity, the characterization of maternal cardiovascular changes during pregnancy and the elaboration of the underlying mechanism for these changes are essential to the understanding of how the heart enlarges during pregnancy and what significance this enlargement might have. To provide needed information regarding this time course and extent of maternal cardiac enlargement and the hormonal and hemodynamic changes which may be responsible for these changes, the …

Ariel - Volume 9 Number 4, Guy Giordano, Ed Silverman, Rob Kester, George Coar, Richard Yelovich, Brad Feldstein, Cathy Hayward, Steve Levine, Arthur Allen, W.D.B. Hiller, John P. Welch, James Weidman, John D. Angstadt, Elizabeth Mcguire, Eli Saleeby, Joel Shaffer

Ariel

Executive Editor

Emily Wofford

Business Manager

Fredric Jay Matlin

University News

John Patrick Welch

World News

George Robert Coar

Editorials Editor

Steve Levine

Features

Mark Rubin

Brad Feldstein

Sports Editor

EIi Saleeby

Circulation

Victor Onufreiczuk

Lee Wugofski

Graphics and Art

Steve Hulkower

Commons Editor

Brenda Peterson

Chromosome Abnormalities And Repeated Abortion: A Preliminary Report, Susan English, Deborah W. Heritage, Andrew T. L. Chen, Reuben B. Young

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

In view of the increased frequency of chromosome rearrangements demonstrated in these couples and the importance of counseling for future pregnancies, it would be wise to consider cytogenetic evaluation when all other probable causes for recurrent abortion have been ruled out.

Mcwhirter, Patricia (Fa 1365), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 1365. Student folk studies project titled “Folklore on Pregnancy and Childbirth” which includes survey sheets with traditional practices and beliefs about pregnancy and childbirth in Henery County, Illinois and Jefferson County, Kentucky. Sheets may include a brief description of the traditional practice or belief, the informant’s name, location, birth month and year, text classification, and motif annotation.

Berryman, Libby (Fa 1346), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 1346. Student folk studies project titled “Superstions [sic] Associated with Pregnancy” which includes survey sheets with brief descriptions of traditional folk beliefs about pregnancy in the counties of Carroll, Daviess, Franklin, Green, Hardin, Jefferson, Muhlenberg, Shelby and Warren in Kentucky. Sheets may include a brief description of belief or traditional practice, informant’s name and religious affiliation, date, and text classification.

Ariel - Volume 2 Number 5, Delvyn C. Case, Eugenia Miller, Tom Williams, Ron Blum, Lynn Porter, Shep Dickman, Michael J. Blecker, Z. Bates, Aris Sophocles, James J. Nocon, Mark Widome, Mike Starrels

Ariel

Editors

Delvyn C. Case, Jr.

Paul M. Fernhoff

News Editors

Richard Bonanno

Robin A. Edwards

Features Editors

Stephen P. Flynn

Steven A. Ager

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Carol Dolinskas

Contributing Editors

Michael J. Blecker

W. Cherry Light

Eugenia Miller

Lin Sey Edwards

Jack Guralnik

Tom Williams

James Nocon

The Effects Of Hypothermia In Pregnant Rats: A Preliminary Report, Roger A. Glover Jr., Chan H. Park, Fred T. Given Jr.

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

We have evaluated the effects of varying degrees and durations of hypothermia, combined with anesthesia, on pregnant rats of the Sherin Wistar Strain. Moderate (surgical) and intermediate hypothermia, with ether anesthesia, were safe for both fetus and mother. With pentobarbital anesthesia, however, there were harmful effects, depending on the depth and duration of hypothermia; moderate hypothermia increased fetal and maternal mortality. The combination of CO₂ narcosis and deep hypothermia induced no ill effects.