Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Suicide Exposure In The Army National Guard: A Three Manuscript Dissertation, Rebecca Willis-Nichols

Theses and Dissertations--Social Work

Between 2000-2022, the U.S. suicide rate increased 36% with one death now occurring every 11 minutes (CDC, 2024). Despite the Department of Defense making a concerted effort to curb the suicide increases in their ranks, the rates have continued to rise. Active-duty component rates have slowly increased since 2011 while reserve and guard components have held steady (U.S. Department of Defense, 2023). After adjusting for age, the suicide rate in the veteran population was 57% greater than the civilian population in 2020 (CDC, 2024). There is a need for a better understanding of the impact of these deaths and the …

Long Commute Time And Association With Physical And Mental Health Variables, Nate Hopper, Gitty Goldstein, Meytal Guller

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Commuting to work or school is a common choice influenced by financial, social, or personal reasons, and it is important to ascertain whether this choice comes with negative health detriments. Using the county health data from 2016 and 2023 publicly available on the County Health Ranking and Roadmaps website, we conducted a retrospective review to see what health outcomes may be associated with a long commute. We looked at six different states, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Michigan. We found a very weak correlation between commute and insufficient sleep, median household income, physical inactivity, mental stress, and diabetes. …

Lung-Delivered Il-10 Mitigates Lung Inflammation Induced By Repeated Endotoxin Exposures In Male Mice, Aaron Schwab, Todd A. Wyatt, Oliver Schanze, Amy J. Nelson, Angela Gleason, Michael J. Duryee, Deanna Mosley, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Ted R. Mikuls, Jill A. Poole

Journal Articles: Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health

Therapies capable of resolving inflammatory lung disease resulting from high-consequence occupational/environmental hazards are lacking. This study seeks to determine the therapeutic potential of direct lung-delivered interleukin (IL)-10 following repeated lipopolysaccharide exposures. C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally instilled with LPS (10 μg) and treated with IL-10 (1 μg) or vehicle control for 3 days. Lung cell infiltrates were enumerated by flow cytometry. Lung sections were stained for myeloperoxidase (MPO), CCR2, vimentin, and post-translational protein citrullination (CIT) and malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) modifications. Lung function testing and longitudinal in vivo micro-CT imaging were performed. Whole lungs were profiled using bulk RNA sequencing. IL-10 treatment reduced …

Lung Disease In Relation To Unique Monocyte-Macrophage Subpopulations Induced By Combined Inhalant Endotoxin And Collagen-Induced Arthritis, Jill A. Poole, Aaron Schwab, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Todd A. Wyatt, Amy J. Nelson, Oliver Schanze, Angela Gleason, Michael J. Duryee, Bryant England, Ted R. Mikuls

Journal Articles: Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health

BACKGROUND: Lung disease is the most overrepresented cause of death in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Animal studies have demonstrated potentiated autoimmunity, arthritis, and profibrotic/inflammatory lung disease with a combination of airborne exposures and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a model that recapitulates features of RA-associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). As patients with RA-ILD demonstrate unique circulating monocyte subpopulations, this study aims to characterize lung infiltrating monocytes/macrophages in a mouse model of RA-ILD and determine whether reducing these cells mitigates the development of lung disease.

METHODS: Autoimmune-prone DBA/1J mice received intranasal inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) daily for up to 5 weeks and CIA induction. …

Traumatic Injuries Of The Common Peroneal Nerve And Current Surgical Strategies For Improving Foot Drop. A Clinical Series And Literature Review., Carlos Alberto Rodríguez Aceves, María Elena Córdoba Mosqueda, Racob Alberto García Velazco, Humberto González Ugalde, Héctor Antonio Soriano Solís, Fabiola Estela Elizabeth Ortega Ponce, Kartik G. Krishnan

Archives of Neurosurgery

Background: Common peroneal nerve injuries are the most frequent nerve injuries in the lower extremity. They may produce severe gait deficits because of weakness or absence in ankle dorsiflexion. Functional improvement after injury, despite any intervention, remains unpredictable. There are various surgical strategies aimed to restore foot drop, but no consensus exists regarding the best surgical treatment.

Objective: In this article, we report our experience and reviewing general aspects of common peroneal nerve anatomy and lesions, current surgical strategies to restore functionality, and the overall outcomes previously published in the literature.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients with foot drop secondary …

Validation Of The Distress Thermometer In A Mexican Population With Brain Tumors: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study, Dan Morgenstern-Kaplan, Sergio Moreno-Jiménez, Fernanda Páez-Plascencia, Angel Ruiz-Chow, Fabiola Flores-Vázquez

Archives of Neurosurgery

Objective: Mental health in cancer patients must be addressed. This study's main objective was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the DT in a population of patients with brain tumors and determine the optimal cut-off point for the DT. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery in Mexico City, in a cohort of 110 patients. Results: Of the 108 participants with brain tumors that were included in the analysis (2 patients excluded by incomplete DT), 40 had gliomas, 31 had pituitary adenomas, 21 had meningiomas, and 16 had other types of tumors. …

Suprameatal Tubercle Classification; Its Implementation On Clinical Cases, Humberto Reyna Mendez, Jose Alfredo Espinosa Mora, Laura Ubaldo Reyes, Alberto Angeles Castellanos, Ignacio Mora Magaña, Mauro Alberto Segura Lozano, Rachel Blue, John Yk Lee, Diego Mendez Rosito

Archives of Neurosurgery

Abstract:

Background: The suprameatal tubercle (SMT) is a variable prominence of the petrosal surface of the temporal bone that lies above the internal acoustic meatus. An enlarged SMT may present an obstacle during surgeries of the posterior fossa, including microvascular decompression or by itself cause trigeminal neuralgia.

Methods: Based on our prior study of 200 temporal bones, its data collection and establishing a classification of the SMT this extension study exemplifies its clinical application.

Results: According to the classification of the SMT four selected cases are clinically and anatomically correlated to exemplify the utility of this classification.

Conclusion: The SMT …

The Pipeline Endovascular Device Versus The Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device For Cerebral Aneurysm. A One-Year Follow-Up In A Single-Center Experience, Omar Pichardo, Alan Picazo, Omar Castillon, Jonathan Zuniga, Gustavo Alan Juarez Jimenez

Archives of Neurosurgery

Background: The Flow Diverters are devices derived from brain stents, made up of a network of microfilaments of various materials that allow the vessel remodeling. The Pipeline Embolization Device and The Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device are the two devices with more global clinical experience. Our objective is to compare the 1-year results using these devices in a cohort of patients assessing their occlusion rate and their clinical outcome as by the modified Rankin Score (mRS).

Methods: In this retrospective nested case-control cohort study, we reviewed the medical records of patients undergoing treatment with a Flow Diverter stent for brain aneurysms …

Chiari Formation And Atlantoaxial Instability. Commentary On Minimally Invasive Non-Expansile Tubular Extradural Posterior Fossa Decompression (Minted Technique) For The Management Of Chiari I.5 Malformation: Historical Overview Of Surgical Techniques, Technical Note, Proof Of Concept, Illustrative Case And Case Series. Lesser Is Better, Atul Goel

Archives of Neurosurgery

The authors have reviewed Chiari formation treatment and have put-forth their personal experience with minimally invasive techniques to perform foramen magnum decompression surgery. Based on the historical review of the subject, the authors have discussed the historical validity of only bone decompression, extra-arachnoidal decompression, and tonsillectomy. The article falls in line with the current minimally invasive surgery wave, a slightly larger cousin of the buttonhole surgery trend. It may be pertinent that I review my understanding of the subject based on the ongoing experience of nearly four decades. In the year 1998, we identified that the posterior fossa volume in …

Archives Of Neurosurgery: The Scientific Home Of Neurosurgery. The Creation Of The Unique Diamond-Open Access Journal In Neurosurgery With An Author-Friendly Advisory Peer-Reviewing And Publishing Policy Within Reach Of Everyone In The World… Born From The Ashes Of A World-Chaos., José Alberto Israel Romero Rangel, Fiacro Jiménez Ponce, José Antonio Soriano Sánchez

Archives of Neurosurgery

This is an editorial article.

Microendoscopic Versus Open Discectomy For The Treatment Of Extruded Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Comparative Cohort Study, Juan Guapo Mendoza, Antonio Guapo Mendoza, Juan Arturo Muciño Mercado, Sonia Melisa Juarez, Arturo Gonzalez, Vianney Guapo Ortiz

Archives of Neurosurgery

Background: Lumbosciatica syndrome affects millions of people worldwide, usually caused by a herniated disc. Most patients with extruded herniated discs are highly symptomatic, and they respond better to surgical treatment. Several studies have tried to compare the efficacy and benefits of microendoscopic discectomy (MED) and open discectomy (OD).

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the results and complications of our MED experience versus standard OD in patients with lumbar disc extrusion.

Material and methods: We included patients from 18 to 60 years with radicular pain syndrome and single-level extruded disc herniation between January 2015 and December 2020. …

Hypothalamic Hamartoma Related To Pallister-Hall Syndrome In An Adolescent Patient: Illustrative Case., Victor Ramzes Chavez-Herrera, Roberto Casarrubias-Islas, Karen A Leal-Tapia, Rosa L Margarita Flores-Salgado, Juan C Huicochea-Montiel, Bayron A Sandoval-Bonilla

Archives of Neurosurgery

Background: Hypothalamic hamartomas in relationship to Pallister-Hall syndrome are extremely rare; just over 100 cases have been reported. Most hypothalamic hamartomas are sporadic.

Observation(s): A 17-year-old boy presented with a 3-year history of gelastic seizures and a suprasellar mass. The complete physical examination, blood work, and study images resulted in bilateral mesial-polydactyl, metacarpal syndactyly, glandular hypospadias, and hypoplastic nails. There were no hormone or neurological manifestations. MRI studies demonstrated a large non-enhancing suprasellar mass adjacent to the hypothalamus and displaced normal structures. An open biopsy of the mass and genetic studies were carried out to confirm the presumptive diagnosis. After …

Congress Proceedings Of The Xxviii Meeting Of The Mexican Society Of Neurological Surgery

Archives of Neurosurgery

No Abstract for this article.

Understanding How Seniors Deal With Grief And Loss, Jyah L. Morrell

CSU Tower Day

Grief affects people of all ages however, it can be a particularly complex emotion for seniors to deal with. Having healthy coping mechanisms is essential to learning to live with these complex emotions.

• The prevalence of prolonged grief may be as high as 20% in adults over the age of 65 years. (Melbourne Ageing Research Collaboration, n.d.)
• Depression in old age is associated with a variety of severe negative consequences (Schladitz et al., 2021).

This research aims to explore how seniors experience and manage grief as well as explore which factors and interventions allow seniors to healthily adjust to loss.

From Classroom To Career: The Need For Healthcare Mentorship Programs For Black Female Students, Kayla A. Reed, Daija C. Gibson

CSU Tower Day

Despite growing diversity in the U.S. population, Black women remain underrepresented in healthcare leadership roles. Barriers including limited access to mentorship, systemic bias, and financial constraints, contribute to disparities in career advancement. This research examines the role of culturally competent mentorship programs in addressing these barriers and fostering a diverse healthcare workforce. Drawing from peer-reviewed literature, workforce development models, and Critical Race Theory, this review highlights the impact of mentorship on professional retention, leadership development, and the quality of healthcare delivery in marginalized communities. Findings indicate that mentorship programs designed with cultural awareness improve confidence, networking opportunities, and career trajectory …

Diabetes, Edwin Espinosa Vazquez

CSU Tower Day

1.2 million Americans are affected with diabetes each year.

○ Increase in hospitalizations, emergency room visits

● Diabetes has a higher rate of prevalence among the middle aged, older aged and non- Americans in the US.

● Diabetes presents a high risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Kidney failure, blindness, etc.

● Exercise, dietary changes, and medication can prevent or delay from the onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Does Holding Healthcare Providers Accountable For Every Mistake Improve Patient Safety, Or Does It Hinder Open Reporting And Learning?, Amir Arshia Emam Jomeh, Eleanor Roy

Journal of Health Ethics

Medical errors are a major cause of death and harm in healthcare, yet most go unreported due to fear of punishment. This essay explores whether holding healthcare workers fully accountable for every mistake improves safety or creates a harmful blame culture. Using the case of Dr. Hadiza Bawa-Garba, it shows how individual punishment can overlook deeper system failures, such as staff shortages and poor communication. The essay compares this with Denmark’s non-punitive reporting system, which encourages healthcare professionals to report errors without fear, leading to real improvements in patient safety. Blame cultures, on the other hand, discourage openness and violate …

Who Should Be Held Accountable In Technology-Induced Medical Errors? Evaluating The Roles Of Healthcare Providers, Technology Developers, And Hospital Systems, Eleanor Roy, Amir Arshia Emam Jomeh

Journal of Health Ethics

The integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence, electronic health records, and automated diagnostic systems has significantly altered clinical practice. While these tools enhance efficiency and diagnostic accuracy, they have also introduced new forms of medical error, raising complex questions about responsibility. This article examines the ethical dimensions of accountability in technology-induced harm by evaluating the roles of healthcare providers, technology developers, and hospital systems. Drawing on the four pillars of medical ethics; autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice, it explores the overlapping responsibilities of each stakeholder and the challenges that arise when harm occurs. Through analysis of the Therac-25 radiation …

Capacity Determination And False Beliefs: A Case Study On The Application Of Evaluation Frameworks With Resulting Recommendations, Dessislava S. Fessenko

Journal of Health Ethics

False beliefs may interfere with medical decision-making by casting doubt about the patient’s decision-making capacity. The latter is typically assessed against a set of established criteria requiring the patient’s cognitive aptness for self-governance. I argue that a capacity determination solely based on these criteria may prove insufficient when the patient entertains false beliefs. I further illustrate how alternative evaluation frameworks are better suited to assess the impact of false beliefs on the patient’s state of mind, values, overall worldviews and pursuit of wellbeing, and therefore, for the actual moral significance of false beliefs. It appears prudent to integrate these alternative …

The Impact Of Medical Ethics On Healthcare Professionals And Patient Outcomes In Resource-Poor Settings: A Focus On Ethical Challenges And Solutions, Amir Arshia Emam Jomeh, Eleanor Roy

Journal of Health Ethics

Background: Developing countries face major challenges to their healthcare system such as resource scarcity and reduced patient autonomy amongst women. The strained healthcare system often leads doctors to compromise ethical protocols and reduce their standard of care.

Aims: To explain why medical ethics are important for healthcare professionals in the context of resource-poor countries.

Findings: Many healthcare professionals lack adequate knowledge of medical ethics in developing countries. In addition, doctors make difficult decisions such as patient prioritization and resource allocation without clear ethical guidance or protocols. Women also face diminished patient autonomy in developing countries, which has been linked to …

Should Medical Assisted Suicide Be Legalised Worldwide? A Critical Examination Of Ethical Justifications And Challenges In Contemporary Healthcare, Eleanor Roy, Amir Arshia Emam Jomeh

Journal of Health Ethics

The legalisation of medical assisted suicide (MAS) is a complex ethical issue at the intersection of autonomy, non-maleficence, and justice. This paper critically examines whether MAS should be legalised worldwide, evaluating ethical justifications, regulatory challenges, and societal risks. A primary argument in favour of MAS is patient autonomy, allowing individuals to make informed end-of-life decisions, particularly in cases of terminal illness and intractable suffering. MAS is also framed as a harm-reduction strategy, preventing patients from resorting to unsafe methods of suicide.

However, ethical concerns regarding coercion, socioeconomic disparities, and the "slippery slope" effect present significant opposition. Case studies from jurisdictions …

The Ethical Justification Of Application Of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception In Patients With Intellectual Disabilities, Kelly Savitri

Journal of Health Ethics

This paper explores the ethical justification for the use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) in patients with intellectual disabilities, particularly in scenarios where patients cannot provide informed consent. The tension between respecting autonomy and ensuring beneficence presents a complex challenge for healthcare providers. Drawing on historical context, current reproductive justice issues, and evolving societal attitudes towards individuals with intellectual disabilities, this essay argues for a semi-discrete model that recognizes the need to prioritize patient health and safety while valuing their autonomy. By examining the implications of both past and present practices, this study highlights the necessity for healthcare providers to …

Functional Foods In Society, Annie Lin, Carolyn Jackson

Faculty Books and Book Chapters

This booklet captures highlights from our Functional Foods in Society in-person activities, where NSU Graduate Nutrition students explore food as medicine through hands-on learning.

Inside, you'll find simple, nourishing dishes and activities using ingredients like anti-inflammatory spices, phytonutrients, quality proteins, and healthy fats.

We hope this inspires you to bring more intention, joy, and nourishment into your everyday meals!

A Thermodynamic Bottleneck In The Tca Cycle Contributes To Acetate Overflow In Staphylococcus Aureus, Nabia Shahreen, Jong-Sam Ahn, Adil Alsiyabi, Niaz Bahar Chowdhury, Dhananjay Shinde, Sujata S. Chaudhari, Kenneth W. Bayles, Vinai Chittezham Thomas, Rajib Saha

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

During aerobic growth, S. aureus relies on acetate overflow metabolism, a process where glucose is incompletely oxidized to acetate, for its bioenergetic needs. Acetate is not immediately captured as a carbon source and is excreted as waste by cells. The underlying factors governing acetate overflow in S. aureus have not been identified. Here, we show that acetate overflow is favored due to a thermodynamic bottleneck in the TCA cycle specifically involving the oxidation of succinate to fumarate by succinate dehydrogenase. This bottleneck reduces flux through the TCA cycle, making it more efficient for S. aureus to generate ATP via acetate …

Temporal Trends And Patterns For Early- And Late-Onset Adult Liver Cancer Incidence Vary By Race/Ethnicity, Subsite, And Histologic Type In The United States From 2000 To 2019, Mei-Chin Hsieh, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Laura Rozek, Shengdi Wen, Yu-Wen Chiu, Edward S. Peters

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

PURPOSE: To examine incidence trends and patterns for early- and late-onset liver cancer.

METHODS: Liver and intrahepatic bile duct (IBD) cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were acquired from 22 SEER registries. Variables included early-onset (20-49) vs. late-onset (50+), anatomic subsite, histologic type (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and IBD cholangiocarcinoma [ICC]), sex, and race/ethnicity. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using SEER*Stat. Jointpoint regression analysis was employed to estimate the annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC) with pairwise comparisons for trend by sex and by race/ethnicity stratified by age and subsite.

RESULTS: Liver cancer incidence decreased among early-onset (AAPC …

The Use Of Platelet-Rich Fibrin In Maintaining Vascularity For Intentionally Replanted Teeth: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Elizabeth L. Easley-Perez, Joseph B. Bavitz, Lynette M. Smith, Peter J. Giannini

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Background: A primary goal for a mature tooth autotransplant is preserving tooth vitality. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has characteristics that may improve the success of autotransplanted mature teeth by decreasing harmful inflammation and boosting vascular growth. This prospective human trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PRF on vitality in a mature tooth replantation model. Methods: This double-blind, randomized controlled trial included 18 participants with 70 single-rooted vital teeth planned for prosthetic extraction. Experimental teeth were extracted and apicoectomized to increase vascular growth. PRF was condensed into the canals before teeth were replanted in their respective sockets. In the same patient, …

A Case Of Injury-Induced Pyoderma Gangrenosum Requiring Skin Graft, Yukiko Brewer, Nameer Ascandar, Tesnim Hamdan, Iryna Witt, Sana Khan, Robert Cropper

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Emphysematous Cystitis In A 60-Year-Old Female Who Had Reported No Medical Care For Decades, Taylor O'Brien, Scott Scher, Brian Wexler, Daniel Breznau, Karen Joseph

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Masquerading As Angioedema: A Chemotherapy Port Complication, Vishal Shah, Philip Mardock, Austin Patrick-Eisenberg, Thaddeus Golden

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Induced Mda5-Associated Necrotizing Myositis, Sarah Steadman, Amit Sikder, Harsh R. Desai, Bradley Collins, Tiffany Baker, Julie Worthington

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2025

No abstract provided.