Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Tfeb Activation Hallmarks Antigenic Experience Of B Lymphocytes And Directs Germinal Center Fate Decisions, Matthias Münchhalfen, Richard Görg, Michael Haberl, Jens Löber, Jakob Willenbrink, Laura Schwarzt, Charlotte Höltermann, Christian Ickes, Leonard Hammermann, Jan Kus, Björn Chapuy, Andrea Ballabio, Sybille D Reichardt, Alexander Flügel, Niklas Engels, Jürgen Wienands

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Ligation of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) initiates humoral immunity. However, BCR signaling without appropriate co-stimulation commits B cells to death rather than to differentiation into immune effector cells. How BCR activation depletes potentially autoreactive B cells while simultaneously primes for receiving rescue and differentiation signals from cognate T lymphocytes remains unknown. Here, we use a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach to identify cytosolic/nuclear shuttling elements and uncover transcription factor EB (TFEB) as a central BCR-controlled rheostat that drives activation-induced apoptosis, and concurrently promotes the reception of co-stimulatory rescue signals by supporting B cell migration and antigen presentation. CD40 co-stimulation …

Infant And Adult Human Intestinal Enteroids Are Morphologically And Functionally Distinct, Grace O Adeniyi-Ipadeola, Julia D Hankins, Amal Kambal, Xi-Lei Zeng, Ketki Patil, Victoria Poplaski, Carolyn Bomidi, Hoa Nguyen-Phuc, Sandra L Grimm, Cristian Coarfa, Fabio Stossi, Sue E Crawford, Sarah E Blutt, Allison L Speer, Mary K Estes, Sasirekha Ramani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

UNLABELLED: Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) are gaining recognition as physiologically relevant models of the intestinal epithelium. While HIEs from adults are used extensively in biomedical research, few studies have used HIEs from infants. Considering the dramatic developmental changes that occur during infancy, it is important to establish models that represent infant intestinal characteristics and physiological responses. We established jejunal HIEs from infant surgical samples and performed comparisons to jejunal HIEs from adults using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and morphologic analyses. We then validated differences in key pathways through functional studies and determined whether these cultures recapitulate known features of the infant …

Development Of A Novel Amplifiable System To Quantify Hydrogen Peroxide In Living Cells, Lingfei Wang, Hanfeng Lin, Bin Yang, Xiqian Jiang, Jianwei Chen, Sandipan Roy Chowdhury, Ninghui Cheng, Paul A Nakata, David M Lonard, Meng C Wang, Jin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Although many redox signaling molecules are present at low concentrations, typically ranging from micromolar to sub-micromolar levels, they often play essential roles in a wide range of biological pathways and disease mechanisms. However, accurately measuring low abundant analytes has been a significant challenge due to the lack of sensitivity and quantitative capability of existing measurement methods. In this study, we introduced a novel chemically induced amplifiable system for quantifying low-abundance redox signaling molecules in living cells. We utilized H2O2 as a proof-of-concept analyte and developed a probe that quantifies cellular peroxide levels by combining the NanoBiT system with androgen receptor …

Clinical And Radiographic Outcomes After Mechanical Thrombectomy In Medium-Vessel Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusions: Subgroup Analysis From Star, Eyad Almallouhi, Matthew C Findlay, Ilko Maier, Pascal Jabbour, Joon-Tae Kim, Stacey Quintero Wolfe, Ansaar Rai, Robert M Starke, Marios-Nikos Psychogios, Amir Shaban, Nitin Goyal, Shinichi Yoshimura, Hugo Cuellar, Brian Howard, Ali Alawieh, Ali Alaraj, Mohamad Ezzeldin, Daniele G Romano, Omar Tanweer, Justin Mascitelli, Isabel Fragata, Adam Polifka, Fazeel Siddiqui, Joshua Osbun, Roberto Crosa, Charles Matouk, Min S Park, Michael R Levitt, Waleed Brinjikji, Mark Moss, Ergun Daglioglu, Richard Williamson, Pedro Navia, Peter Kan, Reade De Leacy, Shakeel Chowdhry, David J Altschul, Alejandro Spiotta, Ramesh Grandhi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Whereas mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has become standard-of-care treatment for patients with salvageable brain tissue after acute stroke caused by large-vessel occlusions, the results of MT in patients with medium-vessel occlusions (MEVOs), particularly in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA), are not well known.

METHODS: Using data from the international Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR), we assessed presenting characteristics and clinical outcomes for patients who underwent MT for primary occlusions in the P2 PCA segment. As a subanalysis, we compared the PCA MeVO outcomes with STAR's anterior circulation MeVO outcomes, namely middle cerebral artery (MCA) M2 and M3 segments.

RESULTS: …

Immunological Correlates Of Protection Mediated By A Whole Organism,Cryptococcus Neoformans, Vaccine Deficient In Chitosan, Charles A Specht, Ruiying Wang, Lorena V N Oliveira, Maureen M Hester, Christina Gomez, Zhongming Mou, Diana Carlson, Chrono K Lee, Camaron R Hole, Woei C Lam, Rajendra Upadhya, Jennifer K Lodge, Stuart M Levitz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: The global burden of infections due to the pathogenic fungus

IMPORTANCE: The fungus

Development Of Vla4 And Cxcr4 Antagonists For The Mobilization Of Hematopoietic Stem And Progenitor Cells, Peter G Ruminski, Michael P Rettig, John F Dipersio

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The treatment of patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies typically includes hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) as part of a therapeutic standard of care. The primary graft source of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for HSCT is mobilized from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood of allogeneic donors or patients. More recently, these mobilized HSPCs have also been the source for gene editing strategies to treat diseases such as sickle-cell anemia. For a HSCT to be successful, it requires the infusion of a sufficient number of HSPCs that are capable of adequate homing to the bone marrow niche and …

Sac1 Links Phosphoinositide Turnover To Cryptococcal Virulence, Elizabeth A Gaylord, Hau Lam Choy, Guohua Chen, Sydney L Briner, Tamara L Doering

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Neuronal Activity In The Gustatory Cortex During Economic Choice, Ahmad Jezzini, Camillo Padoa-Schioppa

2020-Current year OA Pubs

An economic choice entails computing and comparing the values of individual offers. Offer values are represented in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-an area that participates in value comparison-but it is unknown where offer values are computed in the first place. One possibility is that this computation takes place in OFC. Alternatively, offer values might be computed upstream of OFC. For choices between edible goods, a primary candidate is the gustatory region of the anterior insula (gustatory cortex, GC). Here we recorded from the GC of male rhesus monkeys choosing between different juice types. As a population, neurons in GC represented the …

5Β-Dihydrosteroids: Formation And Properties, Trevor M Penning, Douglas F Covey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

5β-Dihydrosteroids are produced by the reduction of Δ

Thinking Long-Term: Nursing Education On Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics, Arslan Rashid

DNP Qualifying Manuscripts

Schizophrenia cases and their associated healthcare costs have drastically increased over time in the U.S. Antipsychotic non-adherence is a primary contributor to the high rates of relapse and rehospitalization among the schizophrenic adult population. The development of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) has positively impacted medication adherence, however, this treatment modality is still underemployed in practice due to barriers, such as physician and patient negative attitudes toward LAIs and lack of education. Nurses are in a great position to address these barriers as they serve as mediators between providers and patients. This literature review aims to discover evidence that LAI education …

Assessing The Concomitant Presentation Of Acl And Anterolateral Ligament Injuries, Kiang Huang, Katherine Quesada-Tibbetts, Leela Prakash, Neelesh Prakash

Radiology Student Publications

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries severely compromise the quality of life in affected patients, so early detection of concurrent injuries is crucial for quicker rehabilitation and proper surgical treatment. Although injuries to the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament are frequently linked to damage to the ACL, little is known about other important but underappreciated ligament lesions in individuals with ACL injury. The anterolateral ligament (ALL) is a less well-known lesion that presents tearing injuries in 32%-88% of patients with ACL tears in the same knee, with a higher prevalence in complete ACL tears. Despite their lower occurrence, ALL tears …

A Systematic Review Of Racial Disparities In Emergency Department Pain Evaluation And Treatment In The United States, Cyrus Wolff

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Providers working in emergency departments (ED) must balance the need to relieve patients’ pain with the dangers of overprescribing opioids. Lack of standardization of pain evaluation and treatment may contribute to inequities in the management of pain in emergency departments. Evaluating differences in how different populations receive care in emergency departments can help to identify problems and areas where improvements need to occur.

Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to evaluate what current research states about the prevalence and causes of racial disparities in pain evaluation and treatment in United States emergency departments and determine what gaps …

What Are The Most Effective Non-Pharmacologic Practices For The Management Of Primary Insomnia In Adults?, Alexis Myhre

Theses and Graduate Projects

Objective: Primary insomnia is a mental health condition in which individuals struggle with falling asleep, staying asleep or early morning awakenings. As there are many treatments available that claim to help those with primary insomnia, this review looks specifically at therapy, exercise and acupuncture as management strategies.

Methods: This is a review of 15 peer-reviewed, randomized controlled trials completed in 2018 or later with one additional study completed in 2010. Also, there are four non primary insomnia based studies used to support the efficacy of alternative therapies to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). All the studies used in this review come …

This Is A Call To Action For All Primary Care Providers: Do Better For Your Transgender Patients, Kate Castor

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Patients of all ages benefit from primary care. However, not everyone has equal access to primary care. Transgender patients often face a multitude of barriers to receiving basic healthcare.

Purpose: Improve health outcomes for transgender patients, enlighten providers on significant disparities, and offer solutions to these disparities faced by transgender community in the healthcare setting and when receiving cancer screening.

Methods: Literature review comprising results from Augsburg University Lindell Library databases, American Journal of Medicine, and Google Scholar.

Conclusions: Everyone can do better for their transgender patients, but primary care providers should take extra care cultivating relationships with these …

A Review Of The Literature On The Utilization Of Stem Cells In Knee Osteoarthritis, Katrina Krist

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: This literature review evaluates the utilization of various types of stem cells in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Purpose: To assess the different types of stem cell therapy available in an attempt to determine its effectiveness and viability as a long term therapy option.

Methods: Articles were found by searching Augsburg Library Services, Google Scholar, and PubMed for recent, original studies using both allogeneic or autologous stem cells from a variety of cell lines including bone marrow and adipose tissue.

Conclusions: The utilization of stem cells as a viable treatment option for osteoarthritis shows improvement in pain management and return …

Optimizing Nutrition Status And Patient Outcomes In Adults Receiving Post-Icu Care, Rachelle Pass

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Nutrition interventions for hospitalized patients can provide meaningful benefit on patient recovery outcome, length of hospital admission, and overall healthcare costs. Preventing and treating malnutrition is one aspect of optimizing patient outcomes following a prolonged clinical course, including stays in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Purpose: This literature review aims to address how nutrition status can be maximized for a patient’s post intensive care unit clinical course. While early enteral nutrition (EN) when appropriate is accepted as optimal care, there is little standardization for removal of devices to provide artificially administered nutrition and hydration (AANH).

Methods: A comprehensive literature …

The Efficacy Of Cannabis As A Substitute Addiction For Opiates, Clark Furlong

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Approaches to opiate addiction focus on abstinence and/or a harm reduction model that often utilizes substitute medications. Methadone and suboxone are the most prescribed drugs for opiate maintenance therapy. The long-term side effect profile and health consequences are undesirable. Research is looking for healthier alternatives.

Purpose: Opiate maintenance therapy participants have a mortality rate greater than twelve times that of the normal population, we seek to discover if cannabis can be a useful/safer alternative.

Methods: Following a comprehensive literature review a 7-question online survey was designed with SurveyMonkey to gauge current Augsburg students’ perception of cannabis as an alternative …

How Has Telehealth Impacted Access To Mental Health Services In The Hispanic Population In Minnesota?, Jesse Ochoa

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: The Hispanic population in the US continues to grow and mental health services still have barriers lowering access to care.

Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to look at the stressors and perceptions of mental health in Hispanics and analyze how telehealth has impacted access to care despite the barriers present.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using google scholar using the search terms With this search criteria, 600 articles were available. Inclusion criteria were studies that provided a comprehensive view about specific topics like telehealth with the hispanic population, mental health specific to Hispanic needs, …

Education For Nursing And Primary Care Providers On Nonpharmacological Management Of Chronic Pain, Ma Teresita Gonzales De Jesus

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Chronic pain is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, with a significant financial burden on those individuals affected, the communities, the healthcare systems, and the government. Chronic pain also interferes with individuals’ daily activities and alters the quality of life. The treatment for chronic pain includes a variety of medications, including prescription opioids and nonprescription such as NSAIDS, acetaminophen, and muscle relaxants. Pharmacological treatments can result in untoward effects. The CDC has recommended nonpharmacological alternative treatment modalities that promote self-management but are not emphasized or utilized in the primary care setting. The staff education program was framed within …

Commonly Missed Miscellaneous Ligament Injuries Co-Occurring With Acl Tears On Diagnostic Imaging, Katherine Quesada-Tibbetts, Kian Huang, Mafaz Kattih, Albert Brotgandel, Neelesh Prakash

Radiology Student Publications

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries greatly affect patient quality of life, necessitating the early identification of additional injuries for faster recovery and appropriate surgical care. Although injuries to the medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament are commonly linked with ACL injuries, there is less awareness of other significant but less recognized ligament lesions in ACL-deficient patients. These less-common injuries include meniscal ramp lesions and meniscal root tears. Research indicates that concomitant ramp lesions are present in 15%-42% of ACL reconstructions, lateral meniscal root tears in 10%-14%, and medial meniscal root tears in a mere 3%. Despite their lower incidence, meniscal …

Personalized Nutrition: Tailoring Dietary Recommendations Through Genetic Insights, Saiful Singar, Ravinder Nagpal, Bahram H. Arjmandi, Neda S. Akhavan

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

Personalized nutrition (PN) represents a transformative approach in dietary science, where individual genetic profiles guide tailored dietary recommendations, thereby optimizing health outcomes and managing chronic diseases more effectively. This review synthesizes key aspects of PN, emphasizing the genetic basis of dietary responses, contemporary research, and practical applications. We explore how individual genetic differences influence dietary metabolisms, thus underscoring the importance of nutrigenomics in developing personalized dietary guidelines. Current research in PN highlights significant gene–diet interactions that affect various conditions, including obesity and diabetes, suggesting that dietary interventions could be more precise and beneficial if they are customized to genetic profiles. …

The Worry Of Food Insecurity And The Manifestation Of Generalized Anxiety In Relation To Perceived Health Status, Ramona Lynnette Taylor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study examined the association between the worry of food insecurity and the manifestation of generalized anxiety, and how these factors related to perceived health status among adults aged 18 years and older in the U.S. The study controlled demographic factors such as gender, age, race, and education. Utilizing data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a binomial logistic regression analysis was employed. The findings indicated a significant association between those persons who often worry about food insecurity, severe (OR = 7.324, p < .001) and frequent generalized anxiety (OR = 5.185, p < .001) suggesting that individuals who worry about food insecurity have higher odds of experiencing severe and frequent (more than 3 times per week) generalized anxiety. Furthermore, both the worry of food insecurity in persons not sure (OR = 0.120, p = 0.004) and generalized anxiety (OR = 0.623 for severe anxiety, p = 0.009) were found to be significantly associated with lower perceived health status. These results suggest a potential association between worry about food insecurity and negative impacts on mental health and perceived overall well-being. Overall, these findings underscore the significant impact of food insecurity on mental health. Further research, including experimental and longitudinal studies, is necessary to elucidate the causal relationship between food insecurity and the manifestation of generalized anxiety in order to impact positive social change.

One More Negative Regulator Of Ac6: S-Nitrosylation, Isabella Cattani-Cavalieri, Rennolds S. Ostrom

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"In this issue of the Journal, Maghsoudi and colleagues (pp. 82–96) report a series of studies that delineate the biochemical and pharmacological mechanism of this resistance (4). The study focuses on adenylyl cyclase (AC), an enzyme crucial for pulmonary vasodilation through its action of synthesizing cAMP. There are nine isoforms of AC (AC1–AC9) that are all stimulated by Gs but otherwise are distinct in their regulatory qualities, subcellular localization, and expression profiles throughout the body (5). AC6 plays a significant role in fetal and neonatal lung, especially in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, where …

A Comparative Analysis Of The Immunoglobulin Repertoire In Leukemia Cells And B Cells In Chinese Acute Myeloid Leukemia By High-Throughput Sequencing, Huige Yan, Lina Wu, Pingzhang Wang, Miaoran Xia, Zhan Shi, Xinmei Huang, Sha Yin, Qian Jiang, C Cameron Yin, Xiangyu Zhao, Xiaoyan Qiu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

It is common knowledge that immunoglobulin (Ig) is produced by B lymphocytes and mainly functions as an antibody. However, it has been shown recently that myeloblasts from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) could also express Ig and that AML-Ig played a role in leukemogenesis and AML progression. The difference between Ig from myeloblasts and B cells has not been explored. Studying the characteristics of the Ig repertoire in myeloblasts and B cells will be helpful to understand the function and significance of AML-Ig. We performed 5' RACE-related PCR coupled with PacBio sequencing to analyze the Ig repertoire in myeloblasts and B …

Endodontic Microsurgery Using Dynamic Navigation And Trephine Burs, Trenton Smith, Sameer Jain, Jeffery Nick Sanders, Michael Block, Mark Odom, Albert F. Mcmullen

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

Objectives: The use of the surgical operating microscope, CBCT imagining, biocompatible filling materials and ultrasonic instruments have improved the success and predictability of apical surgery. Despite these advances, more accurate and precise techniques for creating osteotomies and root-resections (apicoectomies) have not been widely adopted. This study highlights how dynamic navigation systems (DNS) can help avoid unnecessary dentin removal and “mitigate iatrogenic errors” such as root perforation. Methods: A total of 56 root-end resections were planned and completed on two sets of identical TrueJaw Endosurg models (DE Labs, Santa Barbra, CA, USA). One set of maxillary and mandibular jaws were used …

Writing For The Journal: A Guide For Community-Based Organizations, Randy Wykoff, Rachel E. Dixon

Journal of Appalachian Health

The Journal of Appalachian Health welcomes submissions from a variety of stakeholders interested in and contributing to improvement of health across the Appalachian Region. This editorial provides basic guidelines for those working in community settings who may with to make JAH (or any other journal) their publication home.

Association Between High Health Literacy, Doctor's Recommendation, And Prostate Cancer Screening Among Men In The United States, Felicia Njideka Akunna

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

To efficiently identify and prevent the advancement of prostate cancer and decrease mortality rates, it is crucial to examine the impact of health literacy. Despite potential advantages associated with enhanced health literacy and early detection, the United States continues to witness a significant rise in both new prostate cancer cases and mortality rates, emphasizing the severity of the condition. However, it is unclear if those with high health literacy are discouraged from participating in prostate cancer screening due to the risks associated with screening. Based on the stimulus organism response model, 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were analyzed …

Secondary Trauma Amongst Emergency Shelter Volunteers: An Intervention To Identify, Assess, And Respond To Secondary Trauma Exposure, Ashlyn K. Yokom

Master's Projects and Capstones

Purpose: Emergency shelter volunteers are experiencing secondary traumatic stress (STS) symptoms during their deployments. The purpose of this paper is to create an intervention that protects the volunteers from developing STS.

Design: Questionnaires were distributed to current and previous emergency shelter volunteers along with conducting interviews. This design allowed important information to be collected that was used to determine the level of STS symptoms experienced by the volunteers.

Trends: Three STS symptoms were focused upon, intrusion, avoidance, and arousal. It was determined that intrusion symptoms were experienced more frequently than avoidance and arousal symptoms.

Summary: It was determined that emergency …

Remembering Our Ancestors Through Convivienza, Pláticas, Y Testimonios, Ernesto F. Ramirez, Gabriela Ortiz-Ramírez

School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications

The grave is the final resting place for our physical remains, yet in our culture, we continue to visit the grave to be reminded of our ancestors' spirits. Coco, Encanto, and The Book of Life stand as examples of how our customs and rituals have been exploited in mass media for the world to consume and misuse its aesthetics. This reflection is not about a particular holiday, but how our Xicanx Texanx ancestors passed down knowledge from generation to generation, keeping our stories alive, and shaping our future—it is autohistoria-teoria in praxis (Arfuso 2021). In three broad approaches we explore …

Association Of Genetic Ancestry With Molecular Tumor Profiles In Colorectal Cancer, Brooke Rhead, David M Hein, Yannick Pouliot, Justin Guinney, Francisco M De La Vega, Nina N Sanford

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There are known disparities in incidence and outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) by race and ethnicity. Some of these disparities may be mediated by molecular changes in tumors that occur at different rates across populations. Genetic ancestry is a measure complementary to race and ethnicity that can overcome missing data issues and better capture genetic similarity in admixed populations. We aimed to identify somatic mutations and tumor gene expression differences associated with both genetic ancestry and imputed race and ethnicity.

Methods: Sequencing was performed with the Tempus xT NGS 648-gene panel and whole exome capture RNA-Seq for 8454 primarily …