Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

How Individuals’ Opinions Influence Society’S Resistance To Epidemics: An Agent-Based Model Approach, Geonsik Yu, Michael J. Garee, Mario Ventresca, Yuehwern Yih

Faculty Publications

Background: Protecting public health from infectious diseases often relies on the cooperation of citizens, especially when self-care interventions are the only viable tools for disease mitigation. Accordingly, social aspects related to public opinion have been studied in the context of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of opinion-related factors on disease spread still requires further exploration. Methods: We propose an agent-based simulation framework incorporating opinion dynamics within an epidemic model based on the assumption that mass media channels play a leading role in opinion dynamics. The model simulates how opinions about preventive interventions change over …

Identifying Patterns For Neurological Disabilities By Integrating Discrete Wavelet Transform And Visualization, Soo Yeon Ji, Sampath Jayarathna, Anne M. Perrotti, Katrina Kardiasmenos, Dong Hyun Jeong

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Neurological disabilities cause diverse health and mental challenges, impacting quality of life and imposing financial burdens on both the individuals diagnosed with these conditions and their caregivers. Abnormal brain activity, stemming from malfunctions in the human nervous system, characterizes neurological disorders. Therefore, the early identification of these abnormalities is crucial for devising suitable treatments and interventions aimed at promoting and sustaining quality of life. Electroencephalogram (EEG), a non-invasive method for monitoring brain activity, is frequently employed to detect abnormal brain activity in neurological and mental disorders. This study introduces an approach that extends the understanding and identification of neurological disabilities …

Image-To-Mesh Conversion Method For Multi-Tissue Medical Image Computing Simulations, Fotis Drakopoulos, Yixun Liu, Kevin Garner, Nikos Chrisochoides

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Converting a three-dimensional medical image into a 3D mesh that satisfies both the quality and fidelity constraints of predictive simulations and image-guided surgical procedures remains a critical problem. Presented is an image-to-mesh conversion method called CBC3D. It first discretizes a segmented image by generating an adaptive Body-Centered Cubic mesh of high-quality elements. Next, the tetrahedral mesh is converted into a mixed element mesh of tetrahedra, pentahedra, and hexahedra to decrease element count while maintaining quality. Finally, the mesh surfaces are deformed to their corresponding physical image boundaries, improving the mesh’s fidelity. The deformation scheme builds upon the ITK open-source library …

Enhancing Heart Disease Prediction With Reinforcement Learning And Data Augmentation, Gayathri R., Sangeetha S. K. B., Sandeep Kumar Mathivanan, Hariharan Rajadurai, Benjula Anbu Malar Mb, Saurav Mallik, Hong Qin

Computer Science Faculty Publications

The study presents a novel method to improve the prediction accuracy of cardiac disease by combining data augmentation techniques with reinforcement learning. The complex nature of cardiac data frequently presents challenges for traditional machine learning models, which results in subpar performance. In response, our fusion methodology improves predictive capabilities by augmenting data and utilizing reinforcement learning's skill at sequential decision-making. Our method predicts cardiac disease with an astounding 94 % accuracy rate, which is an outstanding result. This significant improvement outperforms existing techniques and shows a deeper comprehension of intricate data relationships. The amalgamation of reinforcement learning and data augmentation …

Enhanced Skin Cancer Diagnosis Through Grid Search Algorithm-Optimized Deep Learning Models For Skin Lesion Analysis, Rudresh Pillai, Neha Sharma, Sheifali Gupta, Deepali Gupta, Sapna Juneja, Saurav Malik, Hong Qin, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Amel Ksibi

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Skin cancer is a widespread and perilous disease that necessitates prompt and precise detection for successful treatment. This research introduces a thorough method for identifying skin lesions by utilizing sophisticated deep learning (DL) techniques. The study utilizes three convolutional neural networks (CNNs)-CNN1, CNN2, and CNN3-each assigned to a distinct categorization job. Task 1 involves binary classification to determine whether skin lesions are present or absent. Task 2 involves distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions. Task 3 involves multiclass classification of skin lesion images to identify the precise type of skin lesion from a set of seven categories. The most optimal …

Flexible Fitting Of Alphafold2-Predicted Models To Cryo-Em Density Maps Using Elastic Network Models: A Methodological Affirmation, Maytha Alshammari, Jing He, Willy Wriggers

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Motivation: This study investigates the flexible refinement of AlphaFold2 models against corresponding cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps using normal modes derived from elastic network models (ENMs) as basis functions for displacement. AlphaFold2 generally predicts highly accurate structures, but 18 of the 137 models of isolated chains exhibit a TM-score below 0.80. We achieved a significant improvement in four of these deviating structures and used them to systematically optimize the parameters of the ENM motion model.

Results: We successfully refined four AlphaFold2 models with notable discrepancies: lipid-preserved respiratory supercomplex (TM-score increased from 0.52 to 0.69), flagellar L-ring protein (TM-score increased from 0.53 …

Sccad: Cluster Decomposition-Based Anomaly Detection For Rare Cell Identification In Single-Cell Expression Data, Yunpei Xu, Shaokai Wang, Qilong Feng, Jiazhi Xia, Yaohang Li, Hong-Dong Li, Jianxin Wang

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technologies have become essential tools for characterizing cellular landscapes within complex tissues. Large-scale single-cell transcriptomics holds great potential for identifying rare cell types critical to the pathogenesis of diseases and biological processes. Existing methods for identifying rare cell types often rely on one-time clustering using partial or global gene expression. However, these rare cell types may be overlooked during the clustering phase, posing challenges for their accurate identification. In this paper, we propose a Cluster decomposition-based Anomaly Detection method (scCAD), which iteratively decomposes clusters based on the most differential signals in each cluster to effectively separate …

Management Of Postprocedural Conduction Disturbances Using A Prespecified Algorithm In The Optimize Pro Study., Kendra J Grubb, Steven J Yakubov, Tamim M Nazif, Suneet Mittal, Hemal Gada, Douglas G W Fraser, Joshua D Rovin, Ramzi Khalil, Robert T Pyo, Samin K Sharma, Mustafa Ahmed, Jian Huang, Josep Rodes-Cabau

Heart and Vascular Articles

BACKGROUND: Lack of standardization in posttranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) conduction disturbance (CD) identification and treatment may affect permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) rates and clinical outcomes. The safety and efficacy of a standardized TAVR CD algorithm has not been analyzed. This study analyzes the Optimize PRO post-TAVR CD management algorithm with Evolut PRO/PRO

METHODS: Optimize PRO is a prospective, postmarket study implementing 2 strategies to reduce pacemaker rates: TAVR with cusp overlap technique and a post-TAVR CD algorithm. The 2-hour postprocedural electrocardiogram (ECG) stratified patients to early discharge in the absence of new ECG changes or to CD algorithms for …

Cardiovascular Disease In Thymic Cancer Patients., Abhishek Khemka, Suparna C Clasen, Patrick J Loehrer, Anna R Roberts, Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo, Sunil S Badve, Subha V Raman, Siu L Hui, Titus K L Schleyer

Heart and Vascular Articles

INTRODUCTION: Cancer patients may have increased risk for adverse cardiac events, but our understanding of cardiovascular risk in thymic cancer patients is not clear. We sought to characterize baseline cardiometabolic risk factors before thymic cancer diagnosis and the potential association between cancer treatment and subsequent cardiac events.

METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study evaluating patients with thymic cancer from 2003 to 2020 compared to age- and sex-matched controls without cancer. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors, cancer characteristics, and incidence of cardiac events were collected from the health information exchange. Multivariable regression was used to examine the impact of cardiovascular risk …

The 2023 Society For Vascular Surgery, American Venous Forum, And American Vein And Lymphatic Society Clinical Practice Guidelines For The Management Of Varicose Veins Of The Lower Extremities. Part Ii: Endorsed By The Society Of Interventional Radiology And The Society For Vascular Medicine., Peter Gloviczki, Peter F Lawrence, Suman M Wasan, Mark H Meissner, Jose Almeida, Kellie R Brown, Ruth L Bush, Michael Di Iorio, John Fish, Eri Fukaya, Monika L Gloviczki, Anil Hingorani, Arjun Jayaraj, Raghu Kolluri, M Hassan Murad, Andrea T Obi, Kathleen J Ozsvath, Michael J Singh, Satish Vayuvegula, Harold J Welch

Heart and Vascular Articles

The Society for Vascular Surgery, the American Venous Forum, and the American Vein and Lymphatic Society recently published Part I of the 2022 clinical practice guidelines on varicose veins. Recommendations were based on the latest scientific evidence researched following an independent systematic review and meta-analysis of five critical issues affecting the management of patients with lower extremity varicose veins, using the patients, interventions, comparators, and outcome system to answer critical questions. Part I discussed the role of duplex ultrasound scanning in the evaluation of varicose veins and treatment of superficial truncal reflux. Part II focuses on evidence supporting the prevention …

Profound First-Degree Atrioventricular Block In A High-Level Basketball Athlete., Justin D Stumph, William K Cornwell, Michael A Rosenberg, Morteza Khodaee

Heart and Vascular Articles

First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (PR interval >200 ms) is commonly observed among screening electrocardiogram (ECG) in athletes. Profound first-degree AV block (PR interval >400 ms) and Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block are generally uncommon and often require further workup on a case-by-case basis, particularly when there is concern for a structural cardiac abnormality. In this case, we present an example of an asymptomatic profound first-degree AV block with Mobitz type I (Wenckebach) second-degree AV block. Transthoracic echocardiogram and stress echocardiogram were unremarkable and the patient was cleared to participate in sports without any restriction. Physicians managing athletes should …

Exploring And Describing Current Behavioral And Social Sciences Curricula In Predoctoral Dental Programs, Casey D. Wright, Lance Brendan Young

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To maintain accreditation status, predoctoral dental programs in the United States and Canada are required to train future dentists in the fundamentals of behavioral sciences. Each program independently determines how to fulfill this task, and little information exists on the consistency of training across programs. The purpose of this study was to identify the range of topics currently taught in predoctoral dental programs in the United States and Canada, who teaches them, and the modes of instruction and assessment.

Methods

Invitations to complete an online survey were emailed to faculty responsible for, or familiar with, the behavioral sciences curricula …

Immunohistochemical Analysis Of Dentigerous Cysts And Odontogenic Keratocysts Associated With Impacted Third Molars—A Systematic Review, Luis Eduardo Almeida, David Lloyd, Daniel Boettcher, Olivia Kraft, Samuel Zammuto

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: This systematic review investigates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of immunohistochemical markers in dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with impacted third molars.

Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across major databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from the inception of the databases to March 2024. Keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms such as “dentigerous cysts”, “odontogenic keratocysts”, “immunohistochemistry”, “Ki-67”, and “p53” were used. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed to ensure methodological rigor. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on humans and animals providing definitive diagnoses or specific signs and symptoms …

Evaluating Surgical Approaches For Hemimandibular Hyperplasia Associated With Osteochondroma: A Systematic Literature Review, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Samuel Zammuto, Diego Fernando Lopez

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background/Objectives: Hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH) associated with osteochondroma presents complex challenges in maxillofacial surgery, including facial asymmetry, occlusal instability, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction. Surgical interventions vary widely in approach and outcomes, underscoring the need for a systematic evaluation of effectiveness. This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of surgical approaches for managing HH associated with osteochondroma, focusing on techniques including condylectomy, orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis, total joint replacement (TJR), and genioplasty. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published from 2000 to 2023. Eligibility criteria were based on the …

Bayesian Rare Variant Analysis Identifies Novel Schizophrenia Putative Risk Genes, Shengtong Han

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The genetics of schizophrenia is so complex that it involves both common variants and rare variants. Rare variant association studies of schizophrenia are challenging because statistical methods for rare variant analysis are under-powered due to the rarity of rare variants. The recent Schizophrenia Exome meta-analysis (SCHEMA) consortium, the largest consortium in this field to date, has successfully identified 10 schizophrenia risk genes from ultra-rare variants by burden test, while more risk genes remain to be discovered by more powerful rare variant association test methods. In this study, we use a recently developed Bayesian rare variant association method that is powerful …

Association Between Periodontal Health Status And Quality Of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study, Kinan M. Al-Bitar, Jeffery M. Garcia, Shengtong Han, Arndt Guentsch

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Attachment loss due to periodontal diseases is associated with functional limitations as well as physical pain and psychological discomfort, which may lead to a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this study is to determine if the oral health status, specifically the periodontal status, influences oral health–related quality of life.

Materials and methods: Survey data were collected in a US dental school clinical setting in a cross-sectional study. Quality of life related to oral health was assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49). In addition, DMFT index, periodontal status, and health literacy scores (dental and medical health …

Far Posterior Approach For Rib Fracture Fixation: Surgical Technique And Tips., Taylor J Manes, Daniel T Degenova, Benjamin C Taylor, Jignesh N Patel

Surgery Articles

BACKGROUND: The present video article describes the far posterior or paraspinal approach to posterior rib fractures. This approach is utilized to optimize visualization intraoperatively in cases of far-posterior rib fractures. This technique is also muscle-sparing, and muscle-sparing posterolateral, axillary, and anterior approaches have been shown to return up to 95% of periscapular strength by 6 months postoperatively

DESCRIPTION: Like most fractures, the skin incision depends on the fracture position. The vertical incision is made either just medial to a line equidistant between the palpable spinous processes and medial scapular border or directly centered over the fracture line in this region. …

2024 Canadian Surgery Forum: Sept. 25-28, 2024., Christine Li, Michael Guo, Ahmer Karimuddin, Michael Guo, Christine Li, Ahmer Karimuddin, Jason Sutherland, Bright Huo, Tyler Mckechnie, Monica Ortenzi, Yung Lee, Stavros Antoniou, Julio Mayol, Hassaan Ahmed, Vanessa Boudreau, Karim Ramji, Cagla Eskicioglu, Pieter De Jager, David Urbach, Meredith Poole, Aghiles Abbad, Hussain Al-Shamali, Zainab Al-Faraj, Chuck Wen, Radu Pescarus, Robert Bechara, Dennis Hong, Lily J Park, Maura Marcucci, Sandra Ofori, Jessica Bogach, Pablo E Serrano, Marko Simunovic, Ilun Yang, Margherita Cadeddu, Michael J Marcaccio, Flavia K Borges, Rahima Nenshi, P J Devereaux, Peter Urbanellis, Joanne Douglas, Evan Nemeth, James Ellsmere, Richard Spence, Joshua Cunningham, Ryan Falk, Tom Skinner, Nicole Ebert, Lauren Galbraith, Mark Prins, Shahrzad Joharifard, Emilie Joos, Adele Orovec, Lynn Lethbridge, Richard Spence, Marius Hoogerboord, Heather Stuart, Anne-Marie Bergeron, Ilun Yang, Jessica Bogach, Laura Nguyen, Clare Reade, Lua Eiriksson, Michelle Morais, Gillian Hanley, Sarah Mah, Karanbir Brar, Keri A Seymour, Shaina R Eckhouse, Ranjan Sudan, Jacob A Greenberg, Dana Portenier, James J Jung, Anne Light, Brittany Dingley, Megan Delisle, Sameer Apte, Ranjeeta Mallick, Trevor Hamilton, Heather Stuart, Martha Talbot, Gregory Mckinnon, Evan Jost, Eve Thiboutot, Carolyn Nessim, Neha Katote, Ashley Drohan, Richard Spence, Katerina Neumann, Ge Shi, Regina Leung, Christina Lim, Matthew Van Oirschot, Aaron Grant, Sarah Knowles, Julie Ann Van Koughnett, Karine Brousseau, Leah Monette, Daniel Mcisaac, Christopher Wherrett, Ranjeeta Mallick, Aklile Workneh, Tim Ramsay, Alan Tinmouth, Julie Shaw, François Martin Carrier, Dean Fergusson, Guillaume Martel, Matthew Cornacchia, Victoria Ivankovic, Shahad Abdulkhaleq Mamalchi, Dexter Choi, Peter Glen, Maher Matar, Fady Balaa, Natasha Caminsky, Sarah Mashal, Nathalie Boulanger, Larry Watt, Jonathon Campbell, Jeremy Grushka, Paola Fata, Evan Wong, Michael Guo, Ahmer Karimuddin, Jason Sutherland, Christine Li, Wenjie Lin, Ahmer Karimuddin, Bright Huo, Elisa Calabrese, Sunjay Kumar, Bethany Slater, Danielle S Walsh, Wesley Vosburg, Uzair Jogiat, Simon Turner, Vickie Baracos, Dean Eurich, Heather Filafilo, Eric Bedard, Sam Khan, Tom Waddell, Kazuhiro Yasufuku, Andrew Pierre, Shaf Keshavjee, Elliot Wakeam, Laura Donahoe, Marcelo Cypel, Najib Safieddine, Michael Ko, Natasha Leighl, Jamie Feng, Jonathan Yeung, Marc De Perrot, Alexandra Salvarrey, Negar Ahmadi, Carmine Simone, Gazala Sayf, David Parente, Victoria Cheung, Mary R Rabey, Michael Cabanero, Lisa W Le, Christodoulos Pipinikas, Amber Chevalier, Richard Chaulk, David Sahai, Richard Malthaner, Mehdi Qiabi, Dalilah Fortin, Richard Inculet, Rahul Nayak, John Campbell, Peter White, Adam Bograd, Alexander Farivar, Brian Louie, Geraint Berger, Daniel French, Simon Houston, Flyn Gallardo, Bryce Macek, Richard Liu, Biniam Kidane, Nader M Hanna, Yogita S Patel, Ikennah Browne, Esther Provost, Forough Farrokhyar, Ehsan Haider, Waël C Hanna, Garrett Johnson, George Okoli, Nicole Askin, Ahmed Abou-Setta, Harminder Singh, Alexandra Coxon-Meggy, Julie Cornish, Lars Icat Study Management Group, Sahil Sharma, Jigish Khamar, Jo-Anne Petropolous, Amandeep Ghuman, Wenjie Lin, Christine Li, Carl Brown, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Amandeep Ghuman, Elizabeth Clement, Ahmer Karimuddin, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Christopher Chu, Amin Hatamnejad, Ghazal Jessani, Yung Lee, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Giancarlo Sticca, Madeleine Poirier, Jean-François Tremblay, Jean-François Latulippe, Yves Bendavid, Jean-Sébastien Trépanier, Ariane Lacaille-Ranger, Margaret Henri, Tyler Mckechnie, Tania Kazi, Victoria Shi, Shan Grewal, Ahmed Aldarraji, Kelly Brennan, Sunil Patel, Nalin Amin, Aristithes Doumouras, Sameer Parpia, Cagla Eskicioglu, Mohit Bhandari, Gaurav Talwar, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Luke Heimann, Swati Anant, Cagla Eskicioglu, Victoria Shi, Tyler Mckechnie, Swati Anant, Moeiz Ahmed, Sahil Sharma, Gaurav Talwar, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tania Kazi, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Rehab Alsayari, Gaurav Talwar, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Lily J Park, Husein Moloo, Tim Ramsay, Kednapa Thavorn, Justin Presseau, Terry Zwiep, Guillaume Martel, P J Devereaux, Robert Talarico, Daniel I Mcisaac, Madeline Lemke, Wenjie Lin, Carl Brown, Elizabeth Clement, Anu Ghuman, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Ahmer Karimuddin, Christine Li, Wenjie Lin, Elizabeth Clement, Amandeep Ghuman, Cameron Hague, Ahmer Karimuddin, P Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Pari Tiwari, Patrick Vos, Carl Brown, Alessandro Ricci, Ameer Farooq, Sunil Patel, Kelly Brennan, Vanessa Wiseman, Tyler Mckechnie, Allison Keeping, Paul Johnson, Heidi Bentley, Karim Messak, Jessica Bogach, Gregory Pond, Shawn Forbes, Vanja Grubac, Scott Tsai, Christian Van Der Pol, Marko Simunovic, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Ramy Behman, Tiago Ribeiro, Sheron Perera, Aisha Lofters, Rinku Sutradhar, Rebecca Snyder, Callisia Clarke, Natalie Coburn, Julie Hallet, Natasha Caminsky, Alex Chen, Jeongyoon Moon, Paul Brassard, Daniel Marinescu, Teodora Dumitra, Ebram Salama, Carol-Ann Vasilevsky, Marylise Boutros, Kelly Brennan, Tyler Mckechnie, Vanessa Wiseman, Alessandro Ricci, Ameer Farooq, Sunil Patel, Tania Kazi, Tyler Mckechnie, Ghazal Jessani, Victoria Shi, Niv Sne, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Manisha Jogendran, Jennifer Flemming, Maya Djerboua, Martin Korzeniowski, Brooke Wilson, Shaila Merchant, Sean Bennett, Kala Hickey, Stephanie Gill, Zoë Breen, Kaitlyn Harding, Hannah Yaremko, Patti Power, Alex Mathieson, David Pace, Joannie Neveu, Sean Bennett, Brooke Wilson, Nan Chen, Weidong Kong, Sunil Patel, Christopher Booth, Shaila Merchant, Sean Bennett, Georgia Nelson, Nouf Almarzooqi, Manisha Jogendran, Maya Djerboua, Brooke Wilson, Jennifer Flemming, Shaila Merchant, Lily J Park, Carol Wang, Vicki Archer, Tyler Mckechnie, Dan Cohen, Jessica Bogach, Marko Simunovic, Pablo E Serrano, Rodney H Breau, Paul Karanicolas, P J Devereaux, Georgia Nelson, Nouf Almarzooqi, Shaila Merchant, Sean Bennett, Janyssa Charbonneau, Mai-Kim Gervais, Alexandre Brind'amour, Narcisse Singbo, Mikaël Lefebvre Soucisse, Lucas Sidéris, Guy Leblanc, Jean-François Tremblay, Pierre Dubé, Ekaterina Kouzmina, Matthew Castelo, Nicole Look Hong, Julie Hallet, Natalie Coburn, Frances Write, Lena Nguyen, Sonal Gandhi, Katarzyna Jerzak, Andrea Eisen, Amanda Roberts, Dejan Vidovic, Brianne Cruickshank, Lucy Helyer, Carman Giacomantonio, Zuhaib Mir, Matheus Faleiro, Stephanie Hiebert, Scott Livingstone, Mark Walsh, Boris Gala-Lopez, Sukhdeep Jatana, Daniel Krys, Uzair Jogiat, Janice Kung, Kevin Verhoeff, Tori Lenet, François Martin Carrier, Karine Brousseau, Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu, Yves Collin, Richard W D Gilbert, Maja Segedi, Jad Abou Khalil, Kimberly A Bertens, Fady Balaa, Dean A Fergusson, Guillaume Martel, Christopher Wherrett, Katlin Mallette, Leah Monette, Aklile Workneh, Monique Ruel, Elham Sabri, Heather Maddison, Melanie Tokessym, Patrick B Y Wong, Luc Massicotte, Michaël Chassé, Michel-Antoine Perrault, Élodie Hamel-Perreault, Jeieung Park, Shirley Lim, Véronique Maltais, Philemon Leung, Timothy Ramsay, Alan Tinmouth, Zofia Czarnecka, Nidheesh Dadheeech, Rena Pawlick, Haide Razavy, James Shapiro, Panthea Pouramin, Susan Allen, Boris Gala-Lopez, Nawal Amhis, Rachel Liu Hennessey, Yuwei Yang, Rochelle Guan, Yolanda Zhang, Adam Meneghetti, Chieh Chiu, Dhuvaraha Srikrishnaraj, Jeffrey Hawel, Christopher Schlachta, Ahmad Elnahas, Ayse Yilbas, Marguerite Mainprize, Anton Svendrovski, Christoph Paasch, Fernando Spencer Netto, Jigish Khamar, Tyler Mckechnie, Amin Hatamnejad, Yung Lee, Bright Huo, Edward Passos, Niv Sne, Cagla Eskicioglu, Dennis Hong, Sean Bennett, Jennifer Flemming, Maya Djerboua, Vanessa Wiseman, Jonah Moore, Peter Szasz, Sulaiman Nanji, Jonah Moore, Vanessa Wiseman, Peter Szasz, Isis Lunsky, Sulaiman Nanji, Jennifer A Flemming, Sean Bennett, Sandra Mckeown, Omar Mouhammed, Colton Gibb, Kevin Verhoeff, Michael Kim, Matt Strickland, Ram Anantha, Ilinca Georgescu, Yung Lee, Thomas Shin, Lea Tessier, Arshia Javidan, James Jung, Dennis Hong, Tyler Mckechnie, Andrew Strong, Matthew Kroh, Jerry Dang, Muhammad Faran, Tyler Mckechnie, Emma O'Callaghan, Sama Anvari, Taylor Hughes, Mark Crowther, Mehran Anvari, Aristithes Doumouras, Amin Andalib, Ali Safar, Philippe Bouchard, Sebastian Demyttenaere, Olivier Court, Simran Parmar, Brianna Brand, Noah Switzer, Richdeep Gil, Sunawer Aujla, Morgan Schellenberg, Natthida Owattanapanich, Brent Emigh, Jan-Michael Van Gent, Tanya Egodage, Patrick B Murphy, Chad Ball, Audrey L Spencer, Kelly N Vogt, Jessica A Keeley, Stephanie Doris, Kenji Inaba, Jordan Nantais, Nancy Baxter, Refik Saskin, Andrew Calzavara, David Gomez, Alex Le, Philip Dawe, Morad Hameed, Amir Hassanpour, Eran Shlomovitz, David Gomez, Eisar Al-Sukhni, Vanessa Wiseman, Sunil Patel, Sean Bennett, Zuhaib Mir, Stephanie Roberts, Harvey Hawes, Khalil Merali, Rachel Morris, Marc De Moya, Todd Neideen, Andrew Kastenmeier, Lewis Somberg, Dan Holena, Patrick Murphy, Jordan Nantais, Nancy Baxter, Refik Saskin, Andrew Calzavara, David Gomez, Asad Naveed, Umang Deshpande, David Gomez, Joao Rezende-Neto, Najma Ahmed, Andrew Beckett

Surgery Articles

No abstract provided.

Update To Gabapentinoid Use In The United States, 2002-2021., Michael E Johansen, Donovan T Maust

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

Gabapentinoids are commonly used medications for numerous off-label conditions. The 2002-2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) was used to investigate the proportion of the adult population who were gabapentinoid users, the ages of these users, medications and diagnoses associated with users, and the likelihood of starting, stopping, or continuing gabapentinoids. Gabapentinoid users continued to increase since our last publication from 4.0% in 2015 to 4.7% in 2021. Gabapentinoid use was much more likely among individuals who used other medications used in chronic pain. Between 2017-2021, numerous chronic pain conditions were associated with gabapentinoid use. New gabapentinoid users clearly outnumbered gabapentinoid …

Exploring Artificial Intelligence And The Future Of Primary Care., Meghan Gilfoyle, K Taylor Bosworth, T M Ayodele Adesanya, Ashley Chisholm, Minika Ohioma, Bryce Ringwald, Chloe L Warpinski, Jacqueline K Kueper, Winston Liaw

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

No abstract provided.

Documentation Of International Classification Of Headache Disorders Criteria In Patient Medical Records: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis., Michelle Pershing, Omkar Hirekhan, Azfar Syed, John O Elliott, Jonathan Toot

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

OBJECTIVE: To determine headache diagnosis and treatment patterns in the outpatient setting, focusing on documentation of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) criteria.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Retrospective cohort data were collected from electronic medical records of adults aged 18-35 who presented to resident-staffed family medicine outpatient clinics in the Midwest, USA, for a new or worsening headache between 2015 and 2016. Diagnosis codes were used to summarize the overall nature and prevalence of headaches. A random subset of 30 patients each for migraine headache (MGH) with and without aura and tension-type headache (TTH) were reviewed to determine how …

Early And Late Basilar Artery Thrombectomy Time Window Outcomes., Adam T Mierzwa, Rahul Rao, Sami Al Kasab, Ashley Nelson, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Juan Vivanco-Suarez, Mudassir Farooqui, Ashutosh P Jadhav, Shashvat Desai, Gabor Toth, Anas Alrohimi, Thanh N Nguyen, Piers Klein, Mohamad Abdalkader, Hisham Salahuddin, Aditya Pandey, Zachary Wilseck, Sravanthi Koduri, Nirav Vora, Nameer Aladamat, Khaled Gharaibeh, Ehad Afreen, Syed Zaidi, Mouhammad Jumaa

Neuroscience Articles

IMPORTANCE: Stroke-to-recanalization time is a strong predictor of outcomes in anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion (LVO). The authors aimed to evaluate functional outcomes in early (< 6 >h) vs. late (6-24 h) time windows for thrombectomy-treated basilar artery occlusions.

METHODS: Patients were derived from the Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Evaluation: Analyzing Radiographic and Intra-procedural Predictors of Mechanical Thrombectomy (PC-SEARCH) Registry and retrospectively analyzed early and late basilar artery thrombectomy time windows cohorts. Patients were dichotomized based on the last known well and correlated to 90-day functional outcomes (mRS 0-3). A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed.

RESULTS: A total of 405 patients …

Pathophysiology Of Pain And Mechanisms Of Neuromodulation: A Narrative Review (A Neuron Project)., Marcin Karcz, Alaa Abd-Elsayed, Krishnan Chakravarthy, Mansoor M Aman, Natalie Strand, Mark N Malinowski, Usman Latif, David Dickerson, Tolga Suvar, Timothy Lubenow, Evan Peskin, Ryan D'Souza, Eric Cornidez, Andrew Dudas, Christopher Lam, Michael Farrell Ii, Geum Yeon Sim, Mohamad Sebai, Rosa Garcia, Lucas Bracero, Yussr Ibrahim, Syed Jafar Mahmood, Marco Lawandy, Daniel Jimenez, Leili Shahgholi, Kamil Sochacki, Mohamed Ehab Ramadan, Vinicius Tieppo Francio, Dawood Sayed, Timothy Deer

Neuroscience Articles

Pain serves as a vital innate defense mechanism that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life. Understanding the physiological effects of pain well plays an important role in developing novel pain treatments. Nociceptor neurons play a key role in pain and inflammation. Interactions between nociceptors and the immune system occur both at the site of injury and within the central nervous system. Modulating chemical mediators and nociceptor activity offers promising new approaches to pain management. Essentially, the sensory nervous system is essential for modulating the body's protective response, making it critical to understand these interactions to discover new pain …

Thalamic Atrophy And Dysconnectivity Are Associated With Cognitive Impairment In A Multi-Center, Clinical Routine, Real-Word Study Of People With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis., Robert Zivadinov, Niels Bergsland, Dejan Jakimovski, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Lorena Lorefice, Menno M Schoonheim, Sarah A Morrow, Mary Ann Picone, Gabriel Pardo, Myassar Zarif, Mark Gudesblatt, Jacqueline A Nicholas, Andrew Smith, Samuel Hunter, Stephen Newman, Mahmoud A Abdelrazek, Ina Hoti, Jon Riolo, Diego Silva, Tom A Fuchs, Michael G Dwyer, Ralph Hb Benedict

Neuroscience Articles

BACKGROUND: Prior research has established a link between thalamic pathology and cognitive impairment (CI) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, the translation of these findings to pwMS in everyday clinical settings has been insufficient.

OBJECTIVE: To assess which global and/or thalamic imaging biomarkers can be used to identify pwMS at risk for CI and cognitive worsening (CW) in a real-world setting.

METHODS: This was an international, multi-center (11 centers), longitudinal, retrospective, real-word study of people with relapsing-remitting MS (pwRRMS). Brain MRI exams acquired at baseline and follow-up were collected. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test …

A Systematic Guideline By The Aspn Workgroup On The Evidence, Education, And Treatment Algorithm For Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: Sweet., Dawood Sayed, Timothy Ray Deer, Jonathan M Hagedorn, Asim Sayed, Ryan S D'Souza, Christopher M Lam, Nasir Khatri, Zohra Hussaini, Scott G Pritzlaff, Newaj Mohammad Abdullah, Vinicius Tieppo Francio, Steven Michael Falowski, Yussr M Ibrahim, Mark N Malinowski, Ryan R Budwany, Natalie Holmes Strand, Kamil M Sochacki, Anuj Shah, Tyler M Dunn, Morad Nasseri, David W Lee, Leonardo Kapural, Marshall David Bedder, Erika A Petersen, Kasra Amirdelfan, Michael E Schatman, Jay Samuel Grider

Neuroscience Articles

INTRODUCTION: Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a leading cause of pain and disability globally with a lack of consensus on the appropriate treatment of those suffering from this condition. Recent advancements in both pharmacotherapy and interventional approaches have broadened the treatment options for PDN. There exists a need for a comprehensive guideline for the safe and effective treatment of patients suffering from PDN.

OBJECTIVE: The SWEET Guideline was developed to provide clinicians with the most comprehensive guideline for the safe and appropriate treatment of patients suffering from PDN.

METHODS: The American Society of Pain and Neuroscience (ASPN) identified an educational …

Sex-Differences In Psychological Readiness For Return-To-Sport Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction., Turk Robby, Nadim Hussein, Arakua Welbeck, Mallory Faherty, Carolyn Killelea, Lee Diehl, Jocelyn Wittstein, Jonathan Riboh, Alison Toth, Ned Amendola, Timothy C Sell

Surgery Articles

Females are at greatest risk for reinjury after return to sport (RTS) following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). The reasons for these sex differences, however, remain unclear. Psychological factors such as kinesiophobia have been identified as a potential predictor for reinjury following RTS. Studies investigating kinesiophobia have identified sex differences, yet whether this holds in the ACLR population remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there are sex differences in kinesiophobia and other psychological factors, such as readiness to RTS and self-reported pain in the ACLR population. A total of 20 participants, eleven males (23.0 …

Characterization And Z-Score Calculation Of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parameters In Patients After The Fontan Operation: A Fontan Outcome Registry Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Examinations Study, Tarek Alsaied, Manish Aggarwal, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) offers valuable hemodynamic insights post-Fontan, but is limited by the absence of normative single ventricle data. The Fontan Outcomes Registry using CMR Examinations (FORCE) is a large international Fontan-specific CMR registry. This study used FORCE registry data to evaluate expected CMR ventricular size/function and create Fontan-specific z-scores adjusting for ventricular morphology (VM) in healthier Fontan patients.

METHODS: "Healthier" Fontan patients were defined as patients free of adverse outcomes, who are New York Heart Association class I, have mild or less valve disease, and < 30% aortopulmonary collateral burden. General linear modeling was performed on 70% of the dataset to create z-scores for volumes and function. Models were tested using the remainder (30%) of the data. The z-scores were compared between children and adults. The z-scores were also compared between "healthier" Fontan and patients with adverse outcomes (death, listing for transplantation, or multiorgan disease).

RESULTS: The "healthier" Fontan population included 885 patients (15.0 ± 7.6 years) …

Robotic-Assistance In Total Hip Arthroplasty Is Associated With Decreased Dislocation Rates, Gabrielle N. Swartz, Sandeep S. Bains, Jeremy A. Dubin, Reza Katanbaf, Hunter Hayes, James Nace, Michael A. Mont, Ronald E. Delanois

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

Background

As the use of robotics in total hip arthroplasty (THA) continues to gain popularity, differences in clinical outcomes when compared to manual techniques have remained unclear. This study aimed to compare postoperative complications between patients undergoing robotic-assisted techniques and manual THA for primary osteoarthritis at 90 days, 1 year, and 2 years.

Methods

Using an all-payer national database, we identified 405,048 patients who underwent either robotic-assisted or manual THA for primary osteoarthritis. A propensity match was performed for age, sex, a comorbidity index, chronic kidney disease, obesity, and diabetes, resulting in 7652 patients in each cohort. We assessed postoperative …

Utilizing A Structured Music Therapy Program For Adolescents With Anxiety And Depression, Amy Haagen

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

Anxiety and depression are two of the most common mental health issues that affect children and adolescents. It has been noted that twenty percent of adolescents will have a depressive episode or be affected by anxiety by the time they are 18 years old. Mental health issues affecting children and adolescents majorly impact all aspects of their lives, most notably academic success, behavior, growth, and development (Porter et al., 2017). Current treatments for mental disorders, including depression and anxiety, include pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments. In the adolescent population, there are conflicting opinions on the use of antidepressants due to risks …

Concepts In Animal Parasitology, Chapter 39: Haplosplanchnata Olson Et Al., 2003 (Suborder): Two Hosts With Half The Guts [Platyhelminthes, Trematoda, Digenea, Plagiorchiida], Daniel C. Huston

Concepts in Animal Parasitology

An overview of the suborder Haplosplanchnata Olson et al., 2003, a small, but distinct lineage within the Plagiorchiida. Includes a discussion of the methods of identification, general morphological characteristics, taxonomy, and life cycles.

Chapter 39 in Concepts in Animal Parasitology, by Daniel C. Huston. 2024. S. L. Gardner and S. A. Gardner, editors. Zea Books, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States. doi: 10.32873/unl.dc.ciap039