Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Impact Of Virtual Simulation-Based Level I Fieldwork On Level Ii Fieldwork Performance, Rebecca Ozelie, Maggie Moeller, Taylor Newmark

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Fieldwork is an essential part of a student’s education and development to become competent in entry-level occupational therapy skills (ACOTE, 2018). The implications of COVID-19 coupled with staffing shortages and an increase in academic programs resulted in academic fieldwork coordinators competing for a limited number of spots. The Accreditation Council of Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE) integrated the use of simulation as an instructional method to meet Standard C.1.9 for Fieldwork I. This study used a retrospective cohort design to determine the impact of virtual simulation-based Level I fieldwork on performance in Level II fieldwork. Thirty-seven Doctor of Occupational Therapy students’ …

Assessment Of An Online Learning Module To Promote Fieldwork Educator Preparedness: A Pilot Study, Breanna J. Chycinski, Casey E. Humphrey, Camille Skubik-Peplaski

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Fieldwork education is a vital component of occupational therapy education. Academic fieldwork coordinators face a shortage of qualified occupational therapists who are prepared to be fieldwork educators. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effects of an online learning module developed to prepare occupational therapists to become fieldwork educators. A pre- and post-survey were used to measure changes in perceived preparedness following completion of an online learning module. A 39-item electronic survey measured perceived preparedness of the following fieldwork educator competencies: education, supervision, evaluation, and administration. Sixteen participants completed all three components of the study: pre-survey, the learning module, and …

Feasibility Of A Self-Paced Educational Intervention Protocol On Standardized Assessment Of Public Building Accessibility, Suzanne Burns, Jaclyn K. Schwartz, Rochelle J. Mendonca, Qussai M. Obiedat, Roger O. Smith

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Limited research informs the implementation of web-based and mobile learning (mLearning) protocols for the assessment of public building accessibility in occupational therapy graduate students. This study tested the feasibility of a self-paced protocol designed to teach students how to evaluate community environment accessibility. Students across five sites completed an online learning module and community building evaluations. Students were randomized into lecture or lab educational groups and then crossed over to receive the second experience. Outcomes were student satisfaction, self-perceived learning, and knowledge on a researcher-developed measure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Two hundred and twelve students completed the study. …

Developing The Change Agent Competencies Of Occupational Therapy University Students: Using A Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning Approach In A Canadian Program, Étienne Lavoie-Trudeau, Tim Dubé, Michaël Beaudoin, Annie Carrier

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

Canadian occupational therapy (OT) university programs must teach change agent competencies. These include promoting social justice and empowering clients, which United States occupational therapists also do. Change agent competency requirements are challenging to teach and involve multidisciplinary knowledge and non-traditional skills. As few occupational therapists feel competent to act as change agents, university programs must engage in a scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) approach and identify areas of improvement. The aim of this study, informed by SoTL, was to document, as described by participants, the pedagogical activities related to teaching the change agent role in an OT program in …

Understanding Occupational Therapy Admissions Decisions Related To Diversity, Bridget J. Hahn, Hillary Napier, June Park, Abigail Woollacott, Rachel Lee, Linda M. Olson

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

The vast majority of occupational therapy (OT) practitioners are white, leaving gaps between the representation of our profession and those we serve. Admission practices determine the future of the profession. This cross-sectional study aimed to understand how admission requirements, particularly the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and interview, influenced OT graduate students' application decisions, specifically those who identified as a first-generation college student (FGCS), underrepresented minority, English as a second language, or receiving public assistance. Methods included an online survey distributed to current OT graduate students. The survey consisted of background information, closed-ended questions on influence of application requirements, open-ended questions …

Exploring Supports And Barriers To Inclusion In Occupational Therapy Education, Arielle Ramirez, Anne F. Kiraly-Alvarez

Journal of Occupational Therapy Education

The recent innumerable social and racial injustices and healthcare disparities experienced globally have catapulted diversity and inclusion discussions to the forefront. The purpose of this study was to identify the supports and barriers to inclusion in occupational therapy (OT) education from the experiences of OT students from historically marginalized groups and the perspectives of OT faculty/staff. The authors used a convergent mixed methods design for the study, which consisted of an online survey and semi-structured interviews. 131 students and 35 faculty/staff completed the survey, while 20 students and 11 faculty completed interviews. Five themes emerged from the data: 1) Barriers …

Expression Of Dual-Specificity Phosphatases In Tgfß1-Induced Emt In Skov3 Cells, Sabi̇re Güler, Abdullah Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The study aims to profile the dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSP) expression in response to Transforming growth factor ß1 (TGFß1)-induced epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian adenocarcinoma cells. Materials and methods: The ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line SKOV3 was used as a TGFß1-induced EMT model. Cells were incubated with 5 ng/mL TGFß1 to induce EMT. EMT was confirmed with real-time qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses of various EMT markers. Western blot was used to analyze phospho- and total MAPK protein levels. Typical and atypical DUSPs mRNA expression profile was determined by real-time qPCR. Results: The epithelial marker E-cadherin expressions were decreased …

Building My Professional Identity, The University Of Texas Rio Grande Valley. College Of Health Professions Student Success Team, Suad Ghaddar, Keri Gonzalez, Murat Karabulut, Amparo Jaramillo, Fidencio Mercado, Zelma D. Mata, Blanca Robles, Sonya Salinas, Manuel Zavala, Lin Wang

Open Educational Resources - Books

No abstract provided.

Application Of A Secondary Opioid Risk Tool In The Management Of Patients On Opioids In The Adult Pain Management Clinic: A Quality Improvement Project, Monica Kastanaras

DNP Projects

Introduction—Significance and Background: Aggressive opioid prescription practices play the biggest role in opioid-related behaviors and contribute to an epidemic of abuse. If started on long-term opioid therapy without screening, patients who are high risk for opioid abuse could overdose on their prescribed opioids. Current practice does not follow guidelines on monitoring opioid misuse behaviors utilizing a secondary screening tool for patients on long-term therapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this project is to help clinicians identify whether a patient, currently on long-term opioid therapy, may be exhibiting aberrant behaviors associated with misuse of opioid medications, using the Current Opioid Misuse Measure …

Implementation Of A Functional Pain Scale In An Adult Cancer Center, Kristine Pantchenko

DNP Projects

Background: Best practices include assessing functional status in addition to pain intensity in patients with cancer experiencing pain. The Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS) is an effective tool for assessing pain intensity and functional status in patients with cancer.

Objective: To improve pain assessment among outpatient oncology patients in an adult cancer center by implementing the DVPRS and evaluating patient and nurse satisfaction with this tool.

Methods: The Model for Healthcare Improvement was followed for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of this project. Nurses completed an online education module and self-assessment quiz before an in-person simulation checkoff demonstrated …

Implementation Of A Probiotic Intervention Among Medical-Surgical Patients: An Evidence-Based Practice Quality Improvement Project, Moncia Bonvicini

DNP Projects

Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the most prevalent nosocomial infection pathogen responsible for antibiotic associated diarrhea. CDI is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality rates of medical patients and has increased due to frequent broad spectrum antibiotic usage. CDI is associated with a mortality rate of 25% amongst medical patients. At this catholic hospital in the Northeast of the United States, there is currently no official intervention implemented to prescribe a probiotic when patients are started on antibiotics. Evidence supports that probiotics agents have demonstrated modest success in the risk reduction of CDI to patients receiving antibiotic therapy. …

Ua61/3 Health & Human Services Dean's Office, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

Unprocessed records created by and about the Dean of the College of Health and Human Services.

A Qualitative Enquiry Of Health Care Workers’ Narratives On Knowledge And Sources Of Information On Principles Of Respectful Maternity Care (Rmc), Adelaide Lusambili, Stefania Wisofschi, Terrance J. Wade, Marleen Temmerman, Jerim Obure

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Research from sub-Saharan Africa indicate that many women experience varied forms of disrespectful maternity care, which amount to a violation of their rights and dignity. Notably, there is little research that sheds light on health care workers (HCWs) training and knowledge of principles of respectful maternity care (RMC). Formulating appropriate interventional strategies to promote the respectful provision of services for women during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum period requires an understanding of the current state of knowledge and sources of information on respectful maternity care among HCWs. This paper reports findings from a qualitative study that examined the knowledge and sources …

Delivering Health Services During Early Days Of Covid-19 Pandemic: Perspectives Of Frontline Healthcare Workers In Kenya’S Urban Informal Settlements, Vibian Angweny, Sabina Odero, Stephen Mulupi, Derrick Ssewanyana, Constance Shumba, Eunice Ndirangu, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread disruptions to health, economic and social lives globally. This qualitative study explores frontline healthcare workers’ (HCWs) experiences delivering routine care in Kenya’s informal settlements during the early phases of the pandemic, amidst stringent COVID-19 mitigation measures. Thirteen telephone interviews were conducted with facility and community-based HCWs serving three informal settlements in Nairobi and Mombasa. Data were analyzed using the framework approach. Results indicate there were widespread fears and anxieties surrounding COVID-19 and its management. Secondly, access to facility-based care at the onset of the pandemic was reported to decline, with service availability hampered by …

Neural Correlates Of Memory Formation Of Young Children In A Term And Preterm Born Sample, Christina Lee

Wayne State University Theses

Episodic memory facilitates the ability to encode and retrieve information. This is especially important when considering special populations, such as children born prematurely, who are at high risk of developing deficits in episodic memory. Utilizing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the current study aimed to examine differences between activations of neural correlates (MTL, PFC) of episodic memory compared to activations in a control region, the primary visual cortex (BA17) in children born full-term and preterm. More specifically, differences during memory encoding and subsequent memory effects (SMEs) were investigated. The MTL, PFC, and BA17 regions showed encoding activation while participants were …

The Urgent Need For Neuroscience Research To Consider Culture When Assessing The Development Of Gait In Autistic Children: A Scoping Review, Milijana Buac, Gabriela Ibarra, Ricardo Torres, Sinana Onal, Allison Gladfelter, Ziteng Wang

CISLL Publications

Background: Over the last decade, there has been a steady increase in the number of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on a global scale, impacting all racial and cultural groups. This increase in the diagnostic rate has prompted investigation into a myriad of factors that may serve as early signs of ASD. One of these factors includes the biomechanics of gait, or the manner of walking. Although ASD is a spectrum, many autistic children experience differences in gross motor function, including gait. It has been documented that gait is also impacted by racial and cultural background. Given that …

Hmgb2 Regulates The Differentiation And Stemness Of Exhausted Cd8+ T Cells During Chronic Viral Infection And Cancer, Emily N. Neubert, Julia M. Derogatis, Sloan A. Lewis, Karla M. Viramontes, Pedro Ortega, Monique L. Henriquez, Rémi Buisson, Ilhem Messaoudi, Roberto Tinoco

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Chronic infections and cancers evade the host immune system through mechanisms that induce T cell exhaustion. The heterogeneity within the exhausted CD8⁺ T cell pool has revealed the importance of stem-like progenitor (Tpex) and terminal (Tex) exhausted T cells, although the mechanisms underlying their development are not fully known. Here we report High Mobility Group Box 2 (HMGB2) protein expression is upregulated and sustained in exhausted CD8⁺ T cells, and HMGB2 expression is critical for their differentiation. Through epigenetic and transcriptional programming, we identify HMGB2 as a cell-intrinsic regulator of the differentiation and maintenance of Tpex cells during …

Modeling Of The Chest Wall Response To Prolonged Bracing In Pectus Carinatum, Brandon Sargent, Katie Varela, Dennis Eggett, Emily Mckenna, Christina Bates, Rebeccah Brown, Victor Garcia, Larry Howell

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Scholarship

Pectus carinatum is a chest wall deformity that is often treated through the wearing of an external brace. The treatment of the deformity could benefit from a greater understanding of chest wall characteristics under prolonged loading. These characteristics are difficult to model directly but empirical studies can be used to create statistical models. 185 patients from 2018-2020 received bracing treatment. Data on the severity of the deformity, treatment pressures, and time of wear were recorded at the first fitting and all subsequent follow-up visits. This data was analyzed using a statistical mixed effects model to identify significant measures and trends …

The Impact Of Sugar Sweetened Beverages (Ssbs) Taxes On Consumption And Health Outcomes In Latinx Youth Residing In Los Angeles County, Jacquelyn Campos-Araujo

Pitzer Senior Theses

This proposed research study aims to investigate whether the implementation of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes will lead to reduced consumption and improved health outcomes in the Latinx youth population residing in Los Angeles County. The study will utilize a mixed-methods design, including a baseline survey and health examination, the implementation of SSB taxes, and a follow-up survey and health examination. The expected results suggest a statistically significant reduction in SSB consumption and improved glycemic control following the implementation of the SSB taxation intervention. However, I predict a slight decrease in the number of participants with dental caries, indicating that further …

Modulation Of Tlr4/Nf- Modulation Of Tlr4/Nf-Κb, Nrf2/Ho-1 And Pi3k/Akt Signaling By Cilostazol Mitigates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Acute Kidney Injury, Ahmed F. Mohamed, Helmy M. Sayed, Hala F. Zaki, Marwa Safar

Pharmacy

Aim: Cilostazol was investigated as a protective agent against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-associated acute kidney damage in mice. Methods: Cilostazol (50 mg/kg/day; p.o.) administered for 7 consecutive days before a single LPS dose (2 mg/kg; i.p.). Results: Cilostazol hampered serum creatinine, cystatin C, and renal kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin; repressed toll-like receptor 4 and MyD88 transcription, as well as nuclear factor-kappa B p65, interleukin-1b, and malondialdehyde content; and boosted Nrf2 mRNA expression, hemeoxygenase-1 activity, and reduced glutathione content. This was synchronous with an upregulation of p-phosphoinositide 3-kinase and p-Akt expressions. Conclusion: Collectively, cilostazol prevented LPS renal injury, which might …

Nanoghosts For Therapeutic Applications, Ekram Hany Mohamed, Abdel-Mottaleb, Mohamed S. S. Attia

Pharmacy

This chapter illustrates the significance of nanotechnology and new therapeutic formulations based on nanoparticles to improve the efficacy of cargos intended for treating various diseases and disorders. Various strategies were explored to stabilize and equip these therapeutic nanoformulations with the capability to escape the human immune system and enhance the targeted delivery of the cargos to diseased tissues for different biomedical applications including therapeutic, theranostic, imaging, and sensing purposes. Synthetic and natural approaches were widely investigated and it was found that the natural approach employing membranes from different types of human cells to camouflage the nanoparticles or cargos via coating …

A Mor Antagonist With High Potency And Antagonist Efficacy Among Diastereomeric C9-Alkyl-Substituted N-Phenethyl-5-(3-Hydroxy)Phenylmorphans, Dana R. Chambers, Agnieszka Sulima, Dan Luo, Thomas E. Prisinzano, Arthur E. Jacobson, Kenner C. Rice

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The 5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan structural class of compounds are unlike the classical morphinans, 4,5-epoxymorphinans, and 6,7-benzomorphans, in that they have an equatorially oriented aromatic ring rather than the axial orientation of that ring found in the classical opioids. This modified and simplified opioid-like structure has been shown to retain antinociceptive activity, depending on its stereochemistry and substituents, and some of them have been found to be much more potent than morphine. A simple C9-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan enantiomer was found to be about 500 times more potent than morphine in vivo. We have previously examined C9-alkenyl and hydroxyalkyl substituents in the N-phenethyl-5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan class of compounds. …

Potent Mor Agonists From 2′-Hydroxy-5,9-Dimethyl-N-Phenethyl Substituted-6,7-Benzomorphans And From C8-Hydroxy, Methylene And Methyl Derivatives Of N-Phenethylnormetazocine, Madhurima Das, George W. Ward, Agnieszka Sulima, Dan Luo, Thomas E. Prisinzano, Gregory H. Imler, Andrew T. Kerr, Arthur E. Jacobson, Kenner C. Rice

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

(−)-5,9-Dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (normetazocine) derivatives with a para-OH or ortho-F substituent in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized and found to have subnanomolar potency at MOR, and both were fully efficacious in vitro. These new compounds, (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(2-fluorophenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d]azocin-8-ol and (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d] azocin-8-ol, were more potent than the unsubstituted compound N-phenethylnormetazocine and about 30 or 40 times more potent than morphine, respectively. A variety of substituents in the ortho, meta, or para position in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized, 25 of these compounds, and found to have varying effects on potency and efficacy as determined by the forskolin-induced …

The Prevalence Of Opioid Use Disorder In Kentucky’S Counties: A Two-Year Multi-Sample Capture-Recapture Analysis, Katherine L. Thompson, Joshua A. Barocas, Chris Delcher, Jungjun Bae, Lindsey R. Hammerslag, Jianing Wang, Redonna Chandler, Jennifer Villani, Sharon L. Walsh, Jeffery Talbert

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Background: Kentucky has one of the highest opioid overdose mortality rates in the United States. Accurate estimates of people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are critical to plan for the scope of interventions required to reduce overdose and opioid misuse. Commonly used household surveys are known to underestimate OUD at the state-level and do not provide county-level estimates.

Methods: We performed a multi-sample capture-recapture analysis to estimate OUD prevalence in Kentucky in 2018 and 2019. We utilized four statewide datasets that were linked at the individual level: 1) Registry of Vital Statistics, 2) Emergency Medical Services (EMS), 3) Kentucky’s Prescription …

Accessibility Of Health Data Representations For Older Adults: Challenges And Opportunities For Design, Peterson Jean, Emma Murphy, Enda Bates

Books/Book Chapters

Health data of consumer off-the-shelf wearable devices is often conveyed to users through visual data representations and analyses. However, this is not always accessible to people with disabilities or older people due to low vision, cognitive impairments or literacy issues. Due to trade-offs between aesthetics predominance or information overload, real-time user feedback may not be conveyed easily from sensor devices through visual cues like graphs and texts. These difficulties may hinder critical data understanding. Additional auditory and tactile feedback can also provide immediate and accessible cues from these wearable devices, but it is necessary to understand existing data representation limitations …

Eyecare Practitioner Reluctance To Fit Children With Contact Lenses, Claire E. Mcdonnell

Conference Papers

Purpose: Myopia control strategies in the form of contact lenses and spectacles have been commercially available to eyecare practitioners in the Republic of Ireland (RoI) since 2017 and 2021 respectively. The aim of this research was to determine the level of adoption of these strategies among independent eyecare practitioners in the RoI.

Methods: In order to establish the number of practices offering myopia control contact lenses, examination of independent practices’ websites was made to see whether or not they mentioned myopia control. Phone calls were made to practices identified in this way, to ascertain if they were actually offering myopia …

Assessing The Evidential Value Of Mental Fatigue And Exercise Research, Darias Holgado, Cristian Mesquida, Rafael Roman-Caballero

Articles

It has often been reported that mental exertion, presumably leading to mental fatigue, can negatively affect exercise performance; however, recent findings have questioned the strength of the effect. To further complicate this issue, an overlooked problem might be the presence of publication bias in studies using underpowered designs, which is known to inflate false positive report probability and effect size estimates. Altogether, the presence of bias is likely to reduce the evidential value of the published literature on this topic, although it is unknown to what extent. The purpose of the current work was to assess the evidential value of …

Match Demands Of Male And Female International Lacrosse Players Competing Under The World Lacrosse Sixes Format, Anthony Weldon

Articles

Match demands of male and female international lacrosse players competing under the World Lacrosse Sixes format. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 413–422, 2023—World Lacrosse recently announced World Lacrosse Sixes, which aims to be a smaller, faster, and more accessible format of lacrosse, when compared with traditional field lacrosse. This investigation aimed to quantify the movement and physiological demands of World Lacrosse Sixes in male (n 5 25) and female (n 5 22) international players. Match data were collected using Catapult Sports Vector S7 global navigation satellite system microsensors and Polar H1 heart rate (HR) monitors across 7 competitive matches. Results …

Electrochemical Biosensors For The Detection Of Antibiotics In Milk: Recent Trends And Future Perspectives, Baljit Singh Dr., Abhijnan Bhat, Lesa Dutta, Kumari Riya Pati, Yaroslav Korpan, Isha Dahiya

Articles

Antibiotics have emerged as ground-breaking medications for the treatment of infectious diseases, but due to the excessive use of antibiotics, some drugs have developed resistance to microorganisms. Because of their structural complexity, most antibiotics are excreted unchanged, polluting the water, soil, and natural resources. Additionally, food items are being polluted through the widespread use of antibiotics in animal feed. The normal concentrations of antibiotics in environmental samples typically vary from ng to g/L. Antibiotic residues in excess of these values can pose major risks the development of illnesses and infections/diseases. According to estimates, 300 million people will die prematurely in …

Identifying The Characteristics, Constraints, And Enablers To Creating Value In Applied Performance Analysis, Denise Martin, Peter G. O'Donoghue, Jonathan Bradley, Sam Robertson, Denise Mcgrath

Articles

While applied performance analysts (PAs) are a well-established applied sports science practitioner group, there is no clear definition of the purpose of an analyst, their key relationships, or the expertise required to execute the role successfully. This research sought to understand how PA practitioners and educators perceive their role as applied PA practitioners. Twenty-seven applied PAs and educators with applied PA experience participated in six online focus groups, completing an online survey in advance. Reflexive thematic analysis of transcripts and survey data generated an overarching theme: embedded applied PA practitioners have a value co-creation role within performance ecosystems which is …