Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence Of Trypanosome Species In Cattle Near Ruma National Park, Lambwe Valley, Kenya: An Update From The Historical Focus For African Trypanosomosis, Shewit Kalayou, Michael Nyang Anga Okal, Peter Otieno Odhiambo, Kawira Mathenge, Daniel Ochieng Gamba, Edward Kariuki, Francis Mcodimba, Daniel Masiga

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The effective control of diseases in areas shared with wildlife depends on the validity of the epidemiologic parameters that guide interventions. Epidemiologic data on animal trypanosomosis in Lambwe valley are decades old, and the recent suspected outbreaks of the disease in the valley necessitate the urgent bridging of this data gap. This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis, identified risk factors, and investigated the occurrence of species with zoonotic potential in Lambwe valley. The area is ~324 km2, of which 120 km2 is the Ruma National Park. Blood was sampled from the jugular and marginal ear veins of …

Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Induces Increased Signalling Entropy In Rats’ Prefrontal Cortex, Aurora Savino, Charles D. Nichols

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Psychedelic drugs are gaining attention from the scientific community as potential new compounds for the treatment of psychiatric diseases such as mood and substance use disorders. The 5-HT2A receptor has been identified as the main molecular target, and early studies pointed to an effect on the expression of neuroplasticity genes. Analysing RNA-seq data from the prefrontal cortex of rats chronically treated with lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), we describe the psychedelic-induced rewiring of gene co-expression networks, which become less centralised but more complex, with an overall increase in signalling entropy typical of highly plastic systems. Intriguingly, signalling entropy mirrors, at the …

Monoclonal Antibodies Protect Aged Rhesus Macaques From Sars-Cov-2-Induced Immune Activation And Neuroinflammation, Anil Verma, Chase E. Hawes, Yashavanth Shaan Lakshmanappa, Jamin W. Roh, Brian A. Schmidt, Joseph Dutra, William Louie, Hongwei Liu, Zhong Min Ma, Jennifer K. Watanabe, Jodie L. Usachenko, Ramya Immareddy, Rebecca L. Sammak, Rachel Pollard, J. Rachel Reader, Katherine J. Olstad, Lark L. Coffey, Pamela A. Kozlowski, Dennis J. Hartigan-O'Connor, Michel Nussenzweig

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Anti-viral monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatments may provide immediate but short-term immunity from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in high-risk populations, such as people with diabetes and the elderly; however, data on their efficacy in these populations are limited. We demonstrate that prophylactic mAb treatment blocks viral replication in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts in aged, type 2 diabetic rhesus macaques. mAb infusion dramatically curtails severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-mediated stimulation of interferon-induced chemokines and T cell activation, significantly reducing development of interstitial pneumonia. Furthermore, mAb infusion significantly dampens the greater than 3-fold increase in SARS-CoV-2-induced effector CD4 …

Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion For Stroke Prevention In Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation, Fareed Moses S Collado, Claudia M Lama Von Buchwald, Christina K Anderson, Nidhi Madan, Hussam S Suradi, Henry D Huang, Hani Jneid, Clifford J Kavinsky

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The majority of embolic strokes in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation are caused by thrombi in the left atrial appendage. It is projected that strokes related to atrial fibrillation will markedly increase in the future unless effective mitigation strategies are implemented. Systemic anticoagulation has been known to be highly effective in reducing stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, bleeding complications and nonadherence are barriers to effective anticoagulation therapy. Surgical and percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion devices are nonpharmacologic strategies to mitigate the challenges of drug therapy. We present a contemporary review of left atrial appendage occlusion for stroke …

Infant Outcomes Following Maternal Infection With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Sars-Cov-2): First Report From The Pregnancy Coronavirus Outcomes Registry (Priority) Study., Valerie J. Flaherman, Yalda Afshar, W. John Boscardin, Roberta L. Keller, Anne H. Mardy, Mary K. Prahl, Carolyn T. Phillips, Ifeyinwa V. Asiodu, Vincenzo Berghella, Brittany D. Chambers, Joia Crear-Perry, Denise J. Jamieson, Vanessa L. Jacoby, Stephanie L. Gaw

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Infant outcomes after maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are not well described. In a prospective US registry of 263 infants, maternal SARS-CoV-2 status was not associated with birth weight, difficulty breathing, apnea, or upper or lower respiratory infection through 8 weeks of age.

Reward Deficiency Syndrome (Rds): A Cytoarchitectural Common Neurobiological Trait Of All Addictions, Kenneth Blum, Abdalla Bowirrat, Eric R Braverman, David Baron, Jean Lud Cadet, Shan Kazmi, Igor Elman, Panyotis K Thanos, Rajendra D Badgaiyan, William B Downs, Debasis Bagchi, Luis Llanos-Gomez, Mark S Gold

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alcohol and other substance use disorders share comorbidity with other RDS disorders, i.e., a reduction in dopamine signaling within the reward pathway. RDS is a term that connects addictive, obsessive, compulsive, and impulsive behavioral disorders. An estimated 2 million individuals in the United States have opioid use disorder related to prescription opioids. It is estimated that the overall cost of the illegal and legally prescribed opioid crisis exceeds one trillion dollars. Opioid Replacement Therapy is the most common treatment for addictions and other RDS disorders. Even after repeated relapses, patients are repeatedly prescribed the same opioid replacement treatments. A recent …

Influential Periods In Longitudinal Clinical Cardiovascular Health Scores, Amy E Krefman, Vito M R Muggeo, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) among adults in the United States is low and decreases with age. Our objective was to identify specific age windows when the loss of CVH accelerates, to ascertain preventive opportunities for intervention. Data were pooled from 5 longitudinal cohorts (Project Heartbeat!, Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, The Bogalusa Heart Study, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults, Special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project) from the United States and Finland from 1973 to 2012. Individuals with clinical CVH factors (i.e., body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose) measured from ages 8 …

Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis In Adults: Etiological Factors In Yemen, Ali Obaid Muthanna

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Unilateral vocal fold paralysis is a common finding in otolaryngology practice. Various etiologies is known to cause this condition are neck surgery, cancer, neck trauma, neurological disorders and idiopathic The aim of this study was to determine the possible etiologies of unilateral vocal fold paralysis among adult patients. A prospective hospital based study was conducted at OtoLaryngology Department, at Al-Thawra Teaching Hospital, Sana'a, Yemen, during the period January 2015-June 2018.Patients have unilateral vocal fold paralysis were enrolling in this study. All patients underwent to history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and radiological studies. A total of 80 patients with unilateral vocal …

Risk Factors, Comorbidities And Outcomes Of Severe Acute Malnutrition Among Children In Mukalla Maternity And Child Hospital, Hadhramout, Yemen, Saleh Awad Bahwal, Mazin Ahmed Jawass, Faiza Salmeen Naji

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is one of the major health problems in Yemen. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors, comorbidities and outcomes of SAM in Mukalla Maternity and Child Hospital (MMCH) in AlMukalla city, Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen. We conducted a case-control study on 200 children aged 6 to 59 months (100 cases and 100 controls) who were admitted to the pediatric nutrition departments (MMCH) between September 2018 and August 2019. The risk factors for SAM were children age 6-24 months (OR 2.99; CI: 1.66 - 5.36), residing in rural areas (OR= 1.83; CI: 1.04 - …

Pain Characteristics Among Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis In Aden, Yemen, Abdulsalam Abdullah Hadi Mohsen

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Knee osteoarthritis in adults is very common and is one of the most common causes of joint pain. The aim of the study was to describe the demographic characteristics and to analyze the clinical finding. It was a retrospective study conducted in Aden during the years 2015 to 2017. Data was obtained from patients’ charts and presented as frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation. Significance was considered at P value < 0.05. The patients were 367, (males 44.4% and females 55.6%). The older patients (≥ 55 years) were (77.1%). About (39.5%) patients were mostly suffered from right knee osteoarthritis, (25.1%) suffered from left knee and (35.4%) patients have both knee osteoarthritis. Knee pain was mild in (61%) patients and in (30%) patients was moderate. The female to male ratio was 1.3:1 and their mean age was 61.0 ± 9.5 years (age ranged between 35 and 83 years). There was a significant correlation between mean ages of both genders (p = 0.001). The mean uric acid was 6.9 ± 1.6 mg/dL and the relationship between means in both genders was significant (p = 0.000). Patients were higher in the age group ≥ 55 years. Most of the right knee osteoarthritis were in females (28.6%), while bilateral osteoarthritis were predominant in males (22.1%) (P = 0.000). The relationship between the severity of knee pain and side involvement of the knee joint was highly statically significant (P = 0.000). Further prospective studies are needed.

Acute Kidney Injury: Analysis Of 175 Cases In Al-Mukalla, Hadhramout, Hussein Saeed Alghazali, Ahmed Mubark Daakik, Abdalrahim Abdulla Bahashwan, Mohammed Rasheed Bamekhlah

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

This was a retrospective descriptive study of acute kidney injury patients admitted at Al-Mukalla Central Hospitals, Hadhramout, between January 2017 and April 2019. All cases were 175; divided to two groups, patients with age less than 40 years (Group I) 44.6%, and patients of age more than 40 years (Group II) were 55.4%. Age of male patients ranged between 18-39 years and age of female patients ranged between 18-38 years. Group I included 28 males (31.1%) and 50 females (58.8%), Group II included 62 males (68.9%) and 35 females (41.2%). Risk factors in relation to age groups were: diabetes mellitus …

Prevalence, Impact And Management Practice Of Dysmenorrhea Among Female Students Of Hadhramout University, Asrar Saleh Sayad, Amer Salmen Balafair

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

Dysmenorrhea (pain during menstruation) is one of the most common gynecological complaints among women of childbearing age that affects daily activities and quality of life. This study aims to assess the prevalence, impact and management practice of dysmenorrhea among female students of Hadhramout University in the period between 1 st October 2017-31th March 2018. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 295 Yemeni female students at Hadhramout University. Data were collected by interview using a structured pre-tested questionnaire. The results showed that the mean age of participants was 21.8 ± 1.73 years. The majority (88.1%) of them were single. The mean …

Frequency Of Lower Ureteric Stones And Their Treatment By Tamsulosin, Aden, Ali Ahmed Salem Hatroom

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

The aim of the study is to find out the frequency of lower ureteric stones related to sex, age, and the outcome of using tamsulosin in their treatment This was a retrospective study of all patients who suffer from lower ureteral stone and seen in our Private Urology Clinic from January 2014 to December 2017 in Aden. The total patients were 160. They were 98 (61.3%) males and 62 (38.7%) females) with ratio male to female 1.6 :1. The mean age of patients is (35.2 ± 11.2) years, range (15 to 56) years. The most involved side is left ureter …

Frequency Of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C And Human Immunodeficiency Virus In Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery, Mahfouth Abdalla Bamashmus, Ahmed Mousa Abdulrahim

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) viral infections in patients undergoing cataract surgery. This study was conducted among 1,203 patients above the age of 17 years who were scheduled for cataract surgery at Yemen Magrabi Hospital from January 1st, through December 31st, 2012. Patients had investigations for HBV, HCV and HIV and findings were analyzed. The total number of patients screened was 1,203 including 603 (51.1%) males and 600 (49.9%) females. The mean (+SD) age was 59.96 + 12.39 years. Out of the 1,203 cataract …

An Analysis Of Survival And Mortality Among Patients Admitted To Surgical Icu In Ibin Sina Hospital In Mukalla City, Yemen, Abdulla Saleh Alyamani, Salah Ahmed Binzaiad, Khalid Ahmed Baeassa

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

The intensive Care Unit (ICU) is an important unit that takes care of patients with severely life-threatening illnesses and injuries in order to maintain normal body functions. This study aims to estimate survival and mortality among patients admitted to Surgical ICU (SICU ) in Ibin Sina hospital in Mukalla city. A total of 320 patients records from surgical ICU were reviewed during the last six months in 2018 to estimate the survival and mortality rate using Kaplan Meier to evaluate Hazard Rate (HR) using Cox regression. The mortality rate was found 20%. Out of all dead patients 52 (81.2%) were …

Wellness Through Answers News V36:No.6 November-December 2021, Wendy Urciuoli

Articles - Patient Care

No abstract provided.

Melatonin, Hops, Valerian, Oh My!, Jessie Shiers, Savanna Patenaude, Charlotte St. Louis, Sydney Springer

Pharmacy Student Posters

Research poster describing the following:

This case report reviews the evidence for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) options for insomnia. Fourth-year pharmacy students conducted a comprehensive literature search to determine which CAMs have evidence for efficacy and safety in insomnia.

The Value Of Adapting Counseling To Client’S Spirituality And Religion: Evidence-Based Relationship Factors, Amelia L. Evans, Jennifer Koenig Nelson

Graduate School Faculty Publications

There is a strong tradition of attention to relationship factors in the field of counseling. The research on the importance of the relationship and adapting to client factors continues to grow, supporting the importance of professional multicultural competence. The field of counseling, specifically within the United States context, has focused on Multicultural Counseling Competencies with more recent emphasis on social justice through the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies. Within these competencies, spirituality and religion are mentioned as multicultural components to consider as potentially salient to clients. Yet, there has been less emphasis on ways to adapt counseling to a …

Emergency Department Administration Of Covid-19 Antibody Therapies: Early Experience., Christopher Payette, Joseph T. Brooks, Robert Shesser

Emergency Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Arthralgia Resolution Rate Following Chikungunya Virus Infection., Megan O'Driscoll, Henrik Salje, Aileen Y. Chang, Hugh Watson

Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Australian General Practice Training Program: National Report On The 2021 National Registrar Survey, Rebecca Taylor, Leyna Clarke, Ali Radloff

Higher education research

The Australian General Practice Training National Registrar Survey (AGPT NRS) is an annual, national survey of GP registrars currently training in the AGPT program. It collects information via an online questionnaire about registrar satisfaction, experience and future career plans. It also collects information about registrars’ demographics and training contexts and other aspects of their training experience. This survey is part of the Department of Health’s (the Department) monitoring and quality improvement activities. The information collected in the AGPT NRS can be used to assure the quality of training provision in the program, enables continuous improvement and allows responses to be …

Plant Extract Of Limonium Gmelinii Attenuates Oxidative Responses In Neurons, Astrocytes, And Cerebral Endothelial Cells In Vitro And Improves Motor Functions Of Rats After Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion, Tulendy Nurkenov, Andrey Tsoy, Farkhad Olzhayev, Elvira Abzhanova

Faculty and Student Publications

There are numerous publications demonstrating that plant polyphenols can reduce oxi-dative stress and inflammatory processes in the brain. In the present study we have investigated the neuroprotective effect of plant extract isolated from the roots of L. gmelinii since it contains a rich source of polyphenols and other biologically active compounds. We have applied an oxidative and inflammatory model induced by NMDA, H2O2, and TNF‐α in human primary neurons and astrocytes, and mouse cerebral endothelial cell (CECs) line in vitro. The levels of ROS generation, NADPH oxidase activation, P‐selectin expression, and activity of ERK1/2 were evaluated by quan-titative immunofluorescence analysis, …

Mapping The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Pharmacy Graduate Students’ Wellness, Hyllore Imeri, Saumil Jadhav, Marie Barnard, Meagen Rosenthal

Faculty and Student Publications

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant changes in pharmacy graduate students' (PhGS) lives. While pharmacy graduate programs across the U.S. have reported adjustments due to the pandemic, there is currently no data on the PhGS’ wellness, and the impact on and extent to which offered supports and guidance has met PhGS needs. Objective: This study's objectives were 1) to explore PhGS′ perspectives on their challenges and the impact of these challenges on their wellness, and 2) to identify PhGS′ suggestions for pharmacy graduate programs to improve guidance and support offered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study conducted …

Social Isolation And Loneliness Among Rural And Urban People With Disabilities, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

Social connection is the experience of interacting with and feeling connected to other people. A lack of social connections can lead to social isolation and loneliness. Social isolation is an objective measure based on a limited number of social connections. Loneliness is the perception of being isolated or feeling alone. Both social isolation and loneliness are associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Researchers used data from two national surveys to understand the experiences of social isolation and loneliness among people with disabilities. Findings indicate people with disabilities report higher rates of social isolation and loneliness than people without …

Multivariable Association Discovery In Population-Scale Meta-Omics Studies., Himel Mallick, Ali Rahnavard, Lauren J Mciver, Siyuan Ma, Yancong Zhang, Long H Nguyen, Timothy L Tickle, George Weingart, Boyu Ren, Emma H Schwager, Suvo Chatterjee, Kelsey N Thompson, Jeremy E Wilkinson, Ayshwarya Subramanian, Yiren Lu, Levi Waldron, Joseph N Paulson, Eric A Franzosa, Hector Corrada Bravo, Curtis Huttenhower

Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Faculty Publications

It is challenging to associate features such as human health outcomes, diet, environmental conditions, or other metadata to microbial community measurements, due in part to their quantitative properties. Microbiome multi-omics are typically noisy, sparse (zero-inflated), high-dimensional, extremely non-normal, and often in the form of count or compositional measurements. Here we introduce an optimized combination of novel and established methodology to assess multivariable association of microbial community features with complex metadata in population-scale observational studies. Our approach, MaAsLin 2 (Microbiome Multivariable Associations with Linear Models), uses generalized linear and mixed models to accommodate a wide variety of modern epidemiological studies, including …

Implementation Of A Risk Assessment Tool In The Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory To Identify High Bleeding Risk Patients On Dapt After Pci: A Quality Improvement Project., Ghulam Mughal

Doctor of Nursing Practice Papers

Bleeding is a risk among patients on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after the percutaneous intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). There is a need to accurately identify the patients with increased bleeding risk. Evidence shows that 1.7 cases bleed among 100 PCI patients, and 5% of patients are re-admitted for bleeding which increases subsequent death or MI within 60 days post-discharge bleeding. Evidence suggests that the internally and externally validated BLeeMACS bleeding risk instrument can be used to measure bleeding risk in this population. This quality improvement project aims to improve the awareness among healthcare providers of the bleeding …

2021-11-01_Michiganoverview_Covidcounts, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Confirmed Cases by Date of Onset Data

Data was downloaded as an Excel spreadsheet which appeared in the Public Use Datasets section under the Cumulative Data link of Michigan's Coronavirus webpage, under the url https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163_98173---,00.html.

Cases are aggregated by the date of onset of COVID-19 symptoms, if known, otherwise by laboratory specimen date if known, otherwise by case referral date. Deaths are aggregated by the date of death if known, otherwise by the last date of a change to the case status.

Supply, Demand And The Or Internship, Vickie Ripkey Msn, Mba/Hcm, Rn, Cnor

Posters

No abstract provided.

Improving Data Collection And Documentation In A Post-Discharge Follow-Up Phone Call Program, Lindsay Horihan, Tasha Flicek

Nursing DNP Projects

Purpose and Rationale: The purpose of this project is to improve a post-discharge follow-up phone call program by creating evidence-based methods of collecting, documenting, and analyzing data that will provide insight of the program’s impact on patient and process outcomes. There was sufficient evidence to support the use of follow-up phone calls as an effective method to limit hospital readmissions within thirty days of being discharged. The literature also revealed patient and process outcomes to be measured as a final step in the program and to provide data for ongoing process improvement. Practice Change and Implementation Strategies: The current phone …

The Evolution Of Telepractice Use During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Perspectives Of Pediatric Speech-Language Pathologists, Ying Hao, Saijun Zhang, Austin Conner, Na Youn Lee

Faculty and Student Publications

The study investigated how pediatric speech-language pathologists (SLPs) applied teleprac-tice to compensate for the loss of in-person services and the dynamics of telepractice use during the COVID-19 pandemic in a rural state. We conducted interviews with 10 SLPs and then a statewide survey in which 51 SLPs participated. The qualitative interviews revealed themes including changes in service environment due to the pandemic (e.g., transition to telepractice, losing clients), challenges in the transition to telepractice (e.g., limited training, difficulty engaging clients), worsening well-being of clinicians and clients, and SLPs’ perspectives and suggestions towards telepractice in the future. Survey results showed service …