Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Impact Of Biochar Supplementation In Growing Diets On Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Jessica L. Sperber, Braden C. Troyer, Levi Mcphillips, Andrea K. Watson, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study was conducted to evaluate the impact of feeding biochar growing diets on cattle performance and methane and carbon dioxide emissions. Two treatments were evaluated, a forage- based control diet without biochar and a diet with biochar included at 0.8% of the diet dry matter, replacing ! ne ground corn in the supplement. Pens of cattle were rotated through a two- sided emissions barn (2 pens evaluated simultaneously) to capture CH4 and CO2 production. " ere were no statistical differences in performance or gas emissions for steers fed a biochar supplemented diet compared to control. Numerically, biochar supplemented steers …

Alternative Heifer Development Systems Utilizing Corn Residue And Cover Crops, Hannah F. Speer, Hannah E. Riley, R. A. Cushman, Harvey C. Freetly, M. E. Drewnoski

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Copyright © 2020 The Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska.

Evaluation Of Biochar On Nutrient Loss From Fresh Cattle Manure, Jessica L. Sperber, Tyler Spore, Galen E. Erickson, Andrea K. Watson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of biochar and time on manure nutrient retention. Pans were used to simulate feedlot pens with 10 replications per treatment. Biochar was included at 0, 5, or 10% of manure dry matter with 30 and 60 day durations to evaluate pan contents over time. There was a 13- percentage unit increase in organic matter losses from day 30 to 60 for pans without biochar, and a 3- percentage unit increase for pans containing biochar. The least nitrogen loss was measured on the pans without biochar harvested at 30 days. Pans harvested at …

Morbidity And Mortality Meetings; A New Digital Portal To Enhance Learning And Objectivity, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Kiran Ehsan, Gulzar S. Lakhani, Ather Enam

Section of Neurosurgery

Morbidity and mortality meetings have long been part of surgical education and practice. They have undergone several modifications over time to include improvement in patient safety and outcomes as an essential utility of conducting morbidity and mortality meetings. Time and again, it has been proposed in literature that standardisation of case discussion results in the efficiency of these meetings. Learning opportunities can be compiled for system improvement. The current review article was planned to present a newly implemented digital morbidity and mortality portal at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, aiming at homogenising the discussion and to add objectivity …

Counting Stillbirths And Covid 19-There Has Never Been A More Urgent Time, Caroline S E. Homer, Susannah Hopkins Leisher, Neelam Aggarwa, Joseph Akuze, Delly Babona, Hannah Blencowe, John Bolgna, Richard Chawana, Aliki Christou, Rafat Jan

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Peer Victimization And Experiences Of Violence At School And At Home Among School Age Children With Disabilities In Pakistan And Afghanistan, Rozina Somani, Julienne Corboz, Rozina Karmaliani, Esnat D. Chirwa, Judith Mcfarlane, Hussain Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja, Nargis Asad, Yasmeen Hassan Somani, Ingrid Van Der Heijden, Rachel Jewke

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Children with disabilities are more likely to experience violence or injury at school and at home, but there is little evidence from Central Asia.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of disability and associations with peer violence perpetration and victimization, depression, corporal punishment, school performance and school attendance, among middle school children in Pakistan and Afghanistan.
Method: This is a secondary analysis of data gathered in the course of evaluations of interventions to prevent peer violence conducted in Pakistan and Afghanistan as part of the 'What Works to Prevent Violence against Women and Girls Global Programme'. In …

Effectiveness Of Standard Precautions In The Prevention Of Covid-19, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Shah Zeb, Asghar Ali, Zahir Munir, Sumia Andleeb Abbasi

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: COVID-19 is the novel pandemic that has caused exponential deaths worldwide and damaged health care systems of developed as well as developing regions. Many of the HCWs across the countries are getting affected by this infection and losing their lives.
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the level of compliance with SPs for the prevention of COVID-19 transmission among HCWs and identify its associated factors.
Methods: An analytical cross sectional study was conducted on 877 HCWs in nine different tertiary care hospitals of Sindh. HCWs were retrieved using universal sampling. Data was collected using self-reporting questionnaire. …

An Innovation In Flipped Class Room: A Teaching Model To Facilitate Synchronous And Asynchronous Learning During A Pandemic, Rehana Rehman, Syeda Sadia Fatima

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To conduct an on line Flipped Class Room (FCR) to facilitate synchronous (in class activity) and asynchronous learning [Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)] and acquire feedback of the learning experience from medical students at Aga Khan University.
Methods: This interventional study was conducted with year II students undergoing Endocrine Reproduction Module at the Aga Khan University during April 13 to May 22, 2020. Pre reading material and pretest was shared with the students via Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) one week before the class. Microsoft Teams was used to conduct online session by two facilitators, where student discussion on case studies …

The Occupational Depression Inventory—A Solution For Estimating The Prevalence Of Job-Related Distress, Renzo Bianchi, Irvin Sam Schonfeld

Publications and Research

We are concerned about researchers’ reliance on the burnout construct and the MBI-GS to estimate the prevalence of job-related distress. In this paper, we first describe some of the problems plaguing the burnout construct and its measures. Then, we present the Occupational Depression Inventory, a new instrument designed to help occupational health specialists get a clearer view of the mental health status of the workforce (Bianchi and Schonfeld, 2020).

A Computational Systems Analyses To Identify Biomarkers And Mechanistic Link In Psoriasis And Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma., Sidra Adil, Rehan Zafar Paracha, Salma Tariq, Maryum Nisar, Sadaf Ijaz, Amnah Siddiqa, Zamir Hussain, Afreenish Amir

Faculty Research 2021

Psoriasis is the most common and chronic skin disease that affects individuals from every age group. The rate of psoriasis is increasing over the time in both developed and developing countries. Studies have revealed the possibility of association of psoriasis with skin cancers, particularly non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), which, include basal cell carcinoma and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). There is a need to analyze the disease at molecular level to propose potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in comparison to cSCC. Therefore, the second analyzed disease of this study is cSCC. It is the second most common prevalent skin cancer …

Circulating Exosomal Microrna Expression Patterns Distinguish Cardiac Sarcoidosis From Myocardial Ischemia., Elliott D Crouser, Mark W Julian, Sabahattin Bicer, Vikas Ghai, Taek-Kyun Kim, Lisa A Maier, May Gillespie, Nabeel Y Hamzeh, Kai Wang

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac sarcoidosis is difficult to diagnose, often requiring expensive and inconvenient advanced imaging techniques. Circulating exosomes contain genetic material, such as microRNA (miRNA), that are derived from diseased tissues and may serve as potential disease-specific biomarkers. We thus sought to determine whether circulating exosome-derived miRNA expression patterns would distinguish cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) from acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODS: Plasma and serum samples conforming to CS, AMI or disease-free controls were procured from the Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center repository and National Jewish Health. Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on exosome-derived total RNA (n = 10 …

Patient-Reported Outcomes Data In Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis From A Randomised Trial Of Etanercept And Methotrexate As Monotherapy Or In Combination., Vibeke Strand, Philip Mease, Ervant J Maksabedian Hernandez, Bradley S Stolshek, Lyrica X H Liu, David H Collier, Gregory Kricorian, Joseph F Merola

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVES: We examined patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in The Study of Etanercept And Methotrexate in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA); a 48-week, phase 3, randomised controlled trial that compared outcomes with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy, etanercept monotherapy, and MTX+ etanercept in patients with PsA.

METHODS: Efficacy endpoints included: mean changes from baseline and proportion of patients who reported improvements≥minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at week 24 in treatment groups for Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index, Patient Global Assessment (PtGA), Patient Global Assessment of Joint Pain (PtGAJP) and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Questionnaire (SF-36) Physical Component Summary (PCS), and Mental Component Summary, and …

Pregnancy Outcomes In Women With Epilepsy And Mthfr Mutations Supplemented With Methylated Folate And Methylcobalamin (Methylated B12)., Emma M Lascar, Nicole M Warner, Michael J Doherty

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Antiseizure medications (ASM) may contribute to adverse fetal outcomes in pregnant women with epilepsy (WWE). Folate processing (Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR) gene abnormalities are common in women with epilepsy and depression. L-methylfolate supplements may bypass MTHFR deficiencies, yet their use in WWE during gestation or on fetal development is not well studied. We examine pregnancy histories of three WWE who supplemented with either folate or L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin (methylated B12) during pregnancies. Their pregnancy outcomes improved with L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin supplementation. L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin supplementation merits further study in WWE who have MTHFR mutations, fertility, recurrent miscarriage and or depression histories.

Acute Care Clinicians’ Perceived Barriers To Early Mobilization Of Hospitalized Adults, Cameron Chase, Aidan Gallant, Emily Herbster, Teresa Bigand, Tiffanie Rampley, Crystal Billings, Danell Stengem, Jennifer Hoople, Elena Crooks

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Validation Studies Of The Paradna, Min Li, Ruiyang Tao, Wei Zhou, Yanan Li, Meng Meng, Yilun Zhang, Linsheng Yu, Liqin Chen, Yingnan Bian, Chengtao Li

Faculty Research 2021

Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling is one of the mostly used systems for forensic applications. In certain circumstances, STR profiling is time-consuming and costly, which potentially leads to delays in criminal investigations. LGC (Laboratory of the Government Chemist, UK) Forensics has developed a robust STR profiling platform called the ParaDNA

Feeding Into Complicit Bias Or Promoting Agents For Change: A Reflection On Pedagogy-Where’S The Justice?, Michele Mills, May Tom

Publications and Research

In the authors' careers, as an invisible method for survival and climbing the ladder, they learned of the importance of adopting and understanding White American culture to work successfully in the United States healthcare system. In this reflection, they discuss the necessity of teaching cultural diversity and cultural competence in occupational therapy assistant and physical therapist assistant programs.

Barriers And Facilitators To Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Black Women: A Qualitative Analysis Guided By A Socioecological Model, Alexa B. D'Angelo, Leah N. Davis Ewart, Juline Koken, David Bimbi, Justin Brown, Christian Grov

Publications and Research

Background This study included Community Health Workers and their supervisors from HIV clinical care teams who participated in the Healthy Choices intervention program. Healthy Choices is a Motivational Interviewing-based intervention aimed at improving medication adherence and reducing alcohol use for adolescents and emerging adults ages 16—24 living with HIV. In this study, the intervention was “scaled up” for delivery by local HIV care providers in real-world clinic settings. Methods Providers (N = 21) completed semi-structured interviews (N = 29) about their experiences with intervention scale-up. Rigorous thematic analyses were conducted within discussions of barriers and facilitators of intervention implementation. Results …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Process Change For Patients With Medicaid To Receive Larc In A Private Obgyn Office, Laura Mills

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Background and Review of Literature: Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is an effective form of contraception that has been shown to have high rates of satisfaction and few contraindications for patients. However, patients with Medicaid coverage may face barriers and challenges in obtaining LARC. Often, providers in small obstetrics and gynecology (OBGYN) private practices are unable or unwilling to provide LARC placement due to financial burdens as a result of limited Medicaid reimbursement. Regardless of insurance carrier or size of practice, patients should have access to the contraception method of their choice.
Purpose: This project aims to determine the feasibility and …

Mentorship Experience Among Nurse Practitioners, Chelsea L. Noble

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Background and Review of Literature: The current literature provides the context of mentorship and its benefits across various disciplines. Nursing and medicine use mentorship frequently to guide each new generation of healthcare providers. There is a current lack of research focusing on nurse practitioners as it relates specifically to mentorship.
Purpose: The purpose of this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was to evaluate mentorship in nurse practitioners and across subspecialties.
Methods: A descriptive correlational study was conducted. Data were collected using the Mentor Evaluation Tool (MET) and the National University Hospital Mentorship Evaluation (NUH ME) tool that were administered …

Evaluating The Impact Of A Mindfulness Intervention On Mindful Attention And Awareness, Resilience To Stress, And Perceived Stress In Newly Licensed Nurses In A Nurse Residency Program, Vicki L. Washington

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Background: A career in the healthcare profession of nursing provokes significant stress in newly licensed nurses. Previous studies suggested that mindful practice enhanced well-being by bringing awareness to thinking and living in the present moment (being mindful), decreased stress, and enhanced resilience to stress. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a mindfulness intervention on mindful attention and awareness, resilience to stress, perceived stress, and health status in newly licensed nurses in a nurse residency program (NRP).
Methods and Procedure: This mixed-methods quasi-experimental study used a pretest-posttest design with an intervention and comparison group. Surveys …

Comparing The Trends Of Postpartum Depression Screening Scores During And Before The Covid-19 Pandemic, Elif S. Duran, Dung Dang, Tony Ogburn

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Introduction:

Postpartum depression includes major and minor depressive disorders affecting women in the time period after childbirth. The studies reviewed in our literature found that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risk of postpartum depression for women. Our study location, the Rio Grande Valley is one of the hardest-hit locations by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Our patient population is also one with the higher risk factors for postpartum depression. As such, we are expecting the psychological impact of the pandemic to be even more magnified, and thus, actions need to be taken to support the vulnerable population …

Digital Health’S Impact On Integrated Care, Carer Empowerment And Patient-Centeredness For Persons Living With Dementia, Nicole Gross, Vivienne Byers, Susi Geiger

Articles

E-health or digital health technologies endeavour to connect key stakeholders and thereby lay the foundation for better integrated as well as potentially more patient-centered care. However, despite the promise of empowerment, efficiency and value, digital health has yet to become part of the daily lives of the people who care for persons living with dementia

Testing Cost Containment Of Future Healthcare With Maintained Or Improved Quality—The Costcares Project, Karl Swedberg, Desmond Cawley, Inger Ekman, Heather L. Rogers, Darijana Antonic, Daiga Behmane, Ida Björkman Ida Björkman, Nicky Britten, Sandra C. Buttigieg, Vivienne Byers, Mats Börjesson, Kirsten Corazzini, Andreas Fors, Bradi Granger, Boban Joksimoski, Boban Joksimoski, Roman Lewandowski, Virgilijus Sakalauskas, Einav Srulovici, Jan Törnell, Sara Wallström, Axel Wolf, Helen M. Lloyd

Other resources

Increasing healthcare costs need to be contained in order to maintain equality of access to care for all EU citizens. A cross-disciplinary consortium of experts was supported by the EU FP7 research programme, to produce a roadmap on cost containment, while maintaining or improving the quality of healthcare. The roadmap comprises two drivers: person-centred care and health promotion; five critical enablers also need to be addressed: information technology, quality measures, infrastructure, incentive systems, and contracting strategies.

2021 Location Report, The Office Of Program Evaluation, Education And Research At The University Of New Mexico (Unm) School Of Medicine

University of New Mexico School of Medicine Location Report

No abstract provided.

Impact Of The 2018 European Drought On Microbial Groundwater Quality In Private Domestic Wells: A Case Study From A Temperate Maritime Climate, Jean O'Dwyer, Carlos Chique, John Weatherill, Paul Hynds

Articles

A significant volume of research over the past two decades has highlighted both direct and indirect links between climate change and groundwater quality. However, to date, few studies have sought to explore the relationship(s) between drought conditions and groundwater quality in i) private (unregulated) groundwater sources, or ii) temperate maritime climates not commonly prone to drought events. The Republic of Ireland (ROI) represents an appropriate case-study due to its’ high reliance on private groundwater supplies, and while the region is largely unaffected by climatological extremes, modelling studies indicate that drier summers and drought conditions will increase in frequency. Accordingly, the …

Continental-Scale Dynamics Of Avian Influenza In U.S. Waterfowl Are Driven By Demography, Migration, And Temperature, Erin E. Gorsich, Colleen T. Webb, Andrew A. Merton, Jennifer A. Hoeting, Ryan S. Miller, Matthew Farnsworth, Seth R. Swafford, Thomas J. Deliberto, Kerri Pedersen, Alan B. Franklin, Robert G. Mclean, Kenneth R. Wilson, Paul Doherty

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Emerging diseases of wildlife origin are increasingly spilling over into humans and domestic animals. Surveillance and risk assessments for transmission between these populations are informed by a mechanistic understanding of the pathogens in wildlife reservoirs. For avian influenza viruses (AIV), much observational and experimental work in wildlife has been conducted at local scales, yet fully understanding their spread and distribution requires assessing the mechanisms acting at both local, (e.g., intrinsic epidemic dynamics), and continental scales, (e.g., long-distance migration). Here, we combined a large, continental-scale data set on low pathogenic, Type A AIV in the United States with a novel network-based …

Avian Use Of Exotic Street Treescapes In Metropolitan Areas Of Phoenix, Arizona, Brian E. Washburn, Karen Hoss, David L. Bergman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Urban areas are highly modified environments that are strongly influenced by a variety of anthropogenic factors. Consequently, these areas contain unique wildlife communities typically dominated by species that are generalist in nature or highly adaptable. We examined the use of five species of exotic treescapes by exotic and native birds in metropolitan areas of Phoenix, Arizona. House Sparrows [Passer domesticus (37%)], European Starlings [Sturnus vulagris (27%)], Mourning Doves [Zenaida macroura (11%)], and Great-tailed Grackles [Quiscalus mexicanus (7%)] were the most frequently observed species during the study. Approximately two-thirds (67%) of the birds observed during the study were exotic species. Avian …

Digging Deeper: Improving Health Communication With Patients, Jennifer Ko, Miranda Steinkopf, Abby A. Kahaleh, Sharon Connor

Pharmacy Faculty Books and Book Chapters

At the end of this activity, students will be able to:

• Identify five theories and models that can be used to facilitate the patient-provider health communication process
• Describe opportunities to optimize communication with patients in healthcare settings
• Apply health communication theories within patient care, providing specific approaches and language to utilize

A Hidden Effect Of War: Blast-Related, Traumatic Brain Injury (Btbi)

The Graduate Review

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Maternal, Newborn, And Child Health Outcomes Through Use Of Multidisciplinary 'Improve' Teams In Lesotho: Costing Component, Adebiyi Adesina, Rachael Linder, Lori Bollinger

HIV and AIDS

This study builds on the USAID-funded prevention of mother-to-child transmission service delivery program (IMPROVE) already being implemented by Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation in Lesotho. Rather than designing a suite of entirely new services and delivery platforms, the intervention (conducted under Project SOAR) focused on improving existing services and strengthening the connection between facility- and community-based care. This brief describes the approach and key quantitative findings of the costing component of the IMPROVE intervention from the service provider perspective.