Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Self-Emulsified Nanoemulsion As Permeation Enhancer And Its Application For Intranasal Delivery Of Insulin, Kanyaphat Bunchongprasert

Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to investigate the permeation enhancing property and safety of self-emulsified nanoemulsion (SEN) and use these findings to enhance insulin absorption through the nasal route.

The first part of the project was to identify the factors affecting cytotoxicity and permeation enhancement of SEN on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells, a widely used paracellular model. Twenty-six fatty acid esters (FAEs) commonly used in SEN were investigated. Among the FAEs (mono-, di-, and triesters), fatty acid monoesters (FAME) are the main excipient causing cytotoxicity and opening tight junction. The cytotoxicity of FAME in SEN was reduced with the presence of …

Particle Shape Engineering For Improved Drug Delivery To Peripheral Lungs By Non-Invasive Route, Snehal Shukla

Theses and Dissertations

Inhalation of therapeutics has been gaining importance owing to immense advantages offered by pulmonary route and have attracted significant advancements in the pharmaceutical field. However, pulmonary drug delivery has been challenging because of the complexity of the respiratory tract and the existing defense mechanism. The pulmonary drug delivery has experienced advances in approaches and strategies to combat the existing challenges by tailoring the physicochemical properties of the delivery carriers and enabling both localized as well as systemic delivery. Pulmonary drug delivery is governed by several biophysical parameters of the delivery carriers such as particle size, shape, density, charge, and surface …

Development Of Nanoliposomes For The Treatment Of Braf V600e Mutated Parent And Vemurafenib-Resistant Melanoma, Yige Fu

Theses and Dissertations

Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and deadliest types of skin cancer. Currently, off-target toxicities and the rapid resistance development of metastatic melanoma mainly restrict the efficiency of the treatments. This thesis presents efforts towards developing liposomes to address current problems of BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma.

EphA2-Receptor Targeted PEGylated Nanoliposomes for the Treatment of BRAF V600E Mutated Parent and Resistant Melanoma

In order to address off-target toxicities of the targeted therapy of MEK inhibitor trametinib (TMB), we developed a physically stable EphrinA1-mimicking peptide (YSA) anchored TMB-loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes (YTPLs). The YTPLs were evaluated in BRAFV600E-mutated parent cell lines (A375 and …

Preformulation Studies For The Preparation Of Amorphous Solid Dispersions, Hemanth Kumar Mamidi

Theses and Dissertations

The major challenges in the formulation of amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) using hot-melt extrusion (HME) are the selection of an ideal polymeric carrier, optimization of HME processing conditions, and screening of the physical stability of the ASDs. Addressing these challenges using traditional approaches require extensive experimentation and large amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) which may not be feasible during the initial stages of product development. Therefore, there is a need to develop material-sparing techniques for the successful formulation of ASDs. The objective of the present study was to develop material-sparing techniques that can be used as pre-formulation tool during …

Exploring Efficacy Of An Anti-Malarial Nanomedicine In Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment, Vineela Parvathaneni

Theses and Dissertations

New drug and dosage form development faces significant challenges, especially in oncology, due to longer development cycle and associated scale-up complexities. Repurposing of existing drugs with potential anti-cancer activity into new therapeutic regimens provides a feasible alternative. In this project, amodiaquine (AQ), an anti-malarial drug, has been explored for its anti-cancer efficacy through formulating inhalable nanoparticulate systems using high-pressure homogenization (HPH) with scale-up feasibility and high reproducibility. A 32 multifactorial design was employed to better understand critical processes and formulation parameters so as to ensure product quality with improved anticancer efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Optimized AQ loaded …

Effect Of Inhibition Of Glycogen Catabolism In Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells, Shrikant Barot

Theses and Dissertations

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the important features of cancers, and there has been growing interest in targeting metabolic proteins to treat cancer. Glycogen is a polymer of glucose and serves as its storage unit in cells. Glycogen can provide energy to cells during the situations of high energy demand. A number of tumors are known to contain high levels of glycogen than their normal tissue counterparts. The liver plays an essential role in maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body via storing it into glycogen. The significance of glycogen metabolism in patients suffering from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been …

Development And Characterization Of Bilayer Abuse Deterrent Extended Release Tablet Using Various Model Drugs For Opioids Overdose Crisis, Ankit Soni

Theses and Dissertations

The objective of present study is to develop bilayer abuse-deterrent extended-release tablets (ADERTs) using various model drugs for opioids overdose crisis. Bilayer ADERTs using various model drugs were fabricated by direct compression; consists of extended-release drug layer and pH modifying layer. To develop extended-release layer, various hydrophilic polymers evaluated for their abuse deterrent potential. Based on significantly higher viscosity at 100RPM and lower syringe-ability data, it was found that HPMC K100M could be used as abuse deterrent polymer. Along HPMC K100M, various diluents were evaluated for their abuse deterrent potential. Tablet formulations prepared with various type of diluents using metformin …

Multi-Theory Model (Mtm) As A Predictor Of Mental Health-Related Treatment Seeking Behavior: The Use Of Telehealth During Covid-19, Dallion Richards

2021 Honors Symposium

The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened psychological distress, particularly in high-risk, college student populations, and required prioritization of telehealth-based care. Help-seeking is critical for harm reduction but understanding the rapid shift to telehealth services is further obscured by significant perceived and definite barriers to utilization. Although tele-mental health services improve access to care and are perceived positively by college students, a prevalence of untreated mental health disorders remains. The objective of this study was to identify psycho-social and behavioral correlates of telehealth-based, psychological help-seeking among college students and investigate the efficacy of the Multi-theory Model of health behavior change (MTM) (Figure. …

Qbd Approach For Development Of Ivermectin-Loaded Gastro Retentive Sustained Release Tablets As Mass Drug Administration For Malaria Transmission Control, Zhangjie Xi

Theses and Dissertations

Malaria is a life-threatening disease with a high prevalence worldwide. Mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin have been shown to prevent the transmission of malaria. The objective of this investigation is to develop ivermectin-loaded gastro retentive sustained release tablets (GRSRTs), which have the potential to avoid not only frequent administration of MDA but also fluctuation of ivermectin in systemic circulation. Based on the outcomes from screening various materials to be the suitable matrix forming polymer and bio-adhesive polymer mixture of GRSRTs, HPMC K100M, Carbopol 934p and sodium alginate:chitosan (1:1) were selected as formulation variables. Eight formulations of ivermectin-loaded GRSRTs were …

Double-Coated Biodegradable Poly (Butyl Cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticulate Delivery Systems For Brain Targeting Of Doxorubicin Via Oral Administration, Neeraj Kaushal

Theses and Dissertations

Primary brain cancer cells grow within the brain or cancer cells can metastasis from different site of the body into brain. The major hurdle in the treatment of brain cancer is the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, acquired multidrug-resistant (MDR) impedes the success of long-term chemotherapy. Therefore, the objective of this investigation is to evaluate the brain targeting potential of orally administered poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticulate delivery systems (PBCA-NPDS), double-coated with Tween 80 and polyethylene glycol (PEG) 20000 for brain delivery of doxorubicin, that does not cross the BBB by itself. And, evaluate the MDR reversal potential of PBCA-NPDS. Doxorubicin-loaded …

Up-Regulation Of Fibroblast Growth Factor (Fgf) 21 Via Ap-1 Activation Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Hepatotoxicity, Yue Zhang

Theses and Dissertations

Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf in rodents and FGF in human) 21 plays important roles in the maintenance of sugar, lipid and energy homeostasis. Fgf/FGF21 can be up-regulated via activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and activating transcription factor (ATF) 4. Recent studies also demonstrated that Fgf/FGF21 plays cytoprotective roles against chemical-induced toxicities, such as of dioxins, acetaminophen, and alcohols. Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, CDDP) is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug. However, numerous adverse effects have been noted during CDDP therapy, which largely limit its clinical applications. This study was designed to determine the regulation of …

Acute Pediatric Stroke, Saptharishi Lalgudi Ganesan, Cecil Hahn

Data and Test Instruments

No abstract provided.

Clinical Neurophysiology And Social Media: Time To Take The Plunge!, Saptharishi Lalgudi Ganesan, Aatif M. Husain

Data and Test Instruments

No abstract provided.

A Survey Of Neuromonitoring Practices In North American Pediatric Intensive Care Units, Saptharishi Lalgudi Ganesan

Data and Test Instruments

No abstract provided.

Applying The International Classification Of Functioning, Disability & Health: A Team-Based/Project Based Course For Undergraduate Students, Laurie Schroder

Open Educational Resources

This text is a complete team-based and project-based learning course focused on the application of the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to unique groups of program clients and patients. It is designed to engage undergraduate students in exploration of the different facets of the ICF, in how the ICF differs from medical and social models because of these facets, and how each applies to, and ensures, an awareness of all of the ways in which health affects and is affected by peoples’ characteristics and environments. The text includes readings, digital links, readiness assurance elements, …

Data From: Age And Sex-Based References Ranges Imbedded Within The Electronic Health Record For Common Obesity-Comorbidity Screens At Children's Mercy Kansas City, Mitchell Barnes, Emily Paprocki, Kelsee Halpin

Data Sets

The included data table depicts the age and sex-specific references ranges for common obesity-comorbidity screens performed at Children's Mercy Kansas City, including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile results, and hepatic transaminases.

Utilizing A Community-Based Core Approach To Foster Occupational Engagement In Individuals With Mental Health Conditions Within Rural Communities, Anne Domanus, Melanie Martinez, Sheena Miller

Critically Appraised Topics

“Nearly 1 in 5 U.S. adults live with a mental illness,” which was approximately 51.1 million people in 2019 (National Institute of Mental Health, 2021, para. 1). This is an important issue within the country; however, it is not widely talked about, especially in rural areas. Research has shown that the prevalence of mental health conditions is consistent across urban and rural areas, but the stigma that surrounds mental health conditions is worse within rural communities (Thorne & Ebener, 2020). This has been attributed to the lack of access to resources, lack of knowledge about resources and mental health conditions …

Effect Of Cftr Modulators On Respiratory Function In Adults With Cystic Fibrosis, Melissa Severson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

CysticFibrosis(CF)isanautosomalrecessivedisorderthatshortensone’slifeduetoitseffectonthecysticfibrosistransmembraneregulator(CFTR)gene.CFTRmodulatormedicationscancorrecttheCFTRgeneandconsistofapotentiator(ivacaftor),andcorrector(lumacaftor,tezacaftorandelexacaftor).ThisresearchandliteraturereviewsoughttoevaluateiflungfunctionimprovedinanindividualwithgeneticallyconfirmedCFafterbeingstartedonCFTRmodulatormedications.Tocompletethereview,sixdatabasesweresearched:CINAHL,PubMed,ClinicalKey,CochraneLibrary,EmbaseandDynamedPlus.BothkeywordandmeshtermswereusedtodefineasetoftheliteraturediscussingCFandCFTRmodulatoruse.Atotalof24studieswereincludedandmettheinclusioncriteriaof:peerreviewed,publishedwithinthepastsixyears,greaterthan20studyparticipants,andwerenotlimitedcasereports.Phase2studieswereincludedforelexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftorandtezacaftor-ivacaftor,duetolimitedresearchinthisarea.Researchindicatedthativacaftorimprovedpercentpredictedforcedexpiratoryvolumeinonesecond(ppFEV1)inindividualswithG551D,non-G551Dgatingmutations,Gly-Asp-CFTRandARG117HISmutations.Elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftorimprovedppFEV1inheterozygousandhomozygousPhe508delgreaterthanivacaftororlumacaftor-ivacaftor.Ivacaftorandlumacaftor-ivacaftormayhaveagedependentchangesonppFEV1.IndividualswithppFEV1<40%appeartohaveapositiveresponsetotreatment,howevertheymayhaveincreasedsideeffectsandresponsemaybedelayed.Additionalresearchisneededonagedependent,longitudinalresponse,andefficacyoftreatment.

Efficacy Of Pharmacologic Treatment For Orthostatic Hypotension In The Elderly Population, Abigail Moeller

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review is to determine the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic treatments for orthostatic hypotension (OH), with an emphasis on researching the elderly population. In this review, three electronic search databases were utilized including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Dynamed from the years 1997 to 2019. Several keywords were used during the search. The specific pharmacologic agents researched for the treatment of OH included midodrine, droxidopa, pyridostigmine, and fludrocortisone. Although midodrine is the most researched and utilized pharmacologic treatment of OH, this drug may not be the best option when it comes to treatment in the elderly …

Assessing And Improving Knowledge Of Medical Decision-Making Capacity, Samantha J. Zohr

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Clinical judgments of capacity have implications for the rights of the individual being assessed. While supported decision-making is recommended, it is not clear whether laypeople have sufficient knowledge to advocate for maximizing the autonomy of the person they assist. This study developed and evaluated a brief, computer-based intervention to increase knowledge about decision-making capacity, using a Solomon four-group design. A convenience sample of 160 participants completed the study via an online survey platform. Knowledge was assessed with a test designed for this study. A 2 x 2 factorial ANOVA found no pre-test sensitization, F(1, 156) = 0.09, p = .77, …

The Impact Of Faculty Feedback On Student Perceptions Of Faculty-Student Relationships, Lauren Trejo

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

This qualitive study examined four communication sciences and disorders (CSD) graduate students’ experiences with feedback from CSD faculty members to understand how it affected their relationships with faculty. Review of the literature revealed the importance and impact of feedback; however, it offered little research examining feedback within the field of CSD. Graduate students who completed their undergraduate degrees in CSD were interviewed to reflect on feedback experiences they received from faculty during their undergraduate and graduate education. The students were presented with two mock papers with differing feedback styles and were asked their reactions to the feedback. It was discovered …

Experiences Of People With Aphasia Communicating With Healthcare Providers, Madelaine Bull

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Aphasia is an acquired communication disorder, often resulting from a stroke, that impacts millions of Americans. People with aphasia (PWA) may frequent the hospital for a number of services poststroke and are often accompanied by their primary communication partners (PCP), the person with whom the PWA communicates with the most. This qualitative study explored the experiences of four dyads of PWA and their PCPs’ perspectives on communicating with healthcare providers (HCPs). Findings indicated that there are attributes of HCP interactions which contribute to patient-perceived success, such as collaboration with PCPs, and aphasia knowledge. These attributes were also associated with patient-centered …

Using Sensory-Based Approaches To Manage The Effects Of Adverse Childhood Experiences Among Children In An Acute Behavioral Health Center, Linda Materu

OT Student Capstones

The purpose of this capstone project was to develop a sensory-based program for occupational therapists to assist in mitigating the effects of ACEs in children. This sensory- based program was implemented at St. Luke’s Behavioral Health Center, an acute inpatient psychiatric facility. Interventions were provided and information collected over a period of 10 weeks on children ages 5–12 years (N=54), Additionally, feedback from four therapy and staff members was also collected over the same period. Several tools were used as outcome measures, including pre-and post-intervention questionnaires for participants, observation questionnaire and staff/nurses/therapist feedback questionnaire. The results demonstrated that there was …

An Exploratory Study Of Rehabilitation Services Available For Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients In The Outpatient Setting, Amber Wojcik

OT Student Capstones

Little is known about the experiences of rehabilitation therapists treating soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients in the outpatient setting. As the number of survivors of STS increases, so does the need for therapists who have the knowledge and skillsets vital for providing the highest quality of holistic care for this unique cancer population. Holistic cancer rehabilitation includes considerations for the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial needs of the soft tissue sarcoma patient. This paper explores the subspeciality of cancer rehabilitation and the experiences of physical therapists (PT) treating STS patients in the outpatient setting. A secondary aim of this study is …

Parent Education And Creative Art Interventions For Foster Families, Alyssa Haselsteiner

OT Student Capstones

The purpose of this doctoral capstone project was to develop a program to provide parent education on topics that address trauma-informed care in order to facilitate healthy development in children and adolescents. This education was provided to foster parents and topics included attachment and healthy bonding, mental health in children and adolescents, management of challenging behaviors, and use of creative art and mindfulness interventions. Creative art interventions were practiced with parents so they could use the interventions with their kids at home. Each topic addressed provided education to guide foster parents through difficult situations with the goal of setting their …

A Single-Case Design On Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain Post-Stroke, Kristen Mills

OT Student Capstones

A stroke is a debilitating impairment affecting a large number of people each year. One of the main impairments post stroke is shoulder subluxation. Secondary to shoulder subluxation, a patient will experience pain associated as hemiplegic. Two types of interventions to address this deficit is taping, specifically the California tri-pull taping method and mental practice/motor imagery. The following single-case design of a 74-year-old female, who has been experiencing hemiplegic shoulder pain, as a result of a stroke in 2018. The current single-case design examines the efficacy of the California tri-pull taping method combined with mental practice/motor imagery for improving upper …

Developing An Occupational Therapy Program For Hispanic Adults Diagnosed With Cancer, Yanet Ybarra

OT Student Capstones

The purpose of this capstone project was to develop a cancer survivor program focusing on the quality of life of cancer survivors through occupational therapy. The data of overall cancer incidence within the Hispanic community in Maricopa County indicate that the rate of mortality is one of the highest compared to other ethnic groups. The capstone consisted of several phases: 1) Structured and unstructured interview and an analysis of the patient’s lived experiences. 2) Based on the interview findings, eight interventions were developed, implemented, and tested with four patients via telehealth approach. 3) Pre- and post-intervention assessments were administered to …

Pediatric Feeding Interventions Across A Variety Of Diagnoses, Jenna Penning

OT Student Capstones

Pediatric feeding disorders can compromise a child’s health status leading to serious long-term consequences including failure to thrive due to inadequate nutrition (Carter et al., 2014). Therefore, specialized feeding intervention approaches are needed to address pediatric feeding difficulties (Carter et al., 2014). Although various treatment approaches are provided for addressing pediatric feeding difficulties, differences occur in the preferred delivery form for effectively implementing feeding interventions (Howe & Wang, 2013). Occupational therapists have the skill set to address pediatric feeding difficulties through implementing behavioral interventions, sensory and oral motor-based interventions, and family-based interventions (Henton, 2018; Nadler et al., 2019; Snider et …

Cognitive And Motor Functions During Driving In Parkinson’S Disease, Amy Reaser

OT Student Capstones

Driving is a complex activity that requires dual-task behaviors involving attention shifting, multi-limb control, and task prioritization strategies to safely navigate a dynamic environment. Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is characterized by motor and non-motor deficits that can affect driving safety and performance. Experiencing a decline in cognitive and motor functions that are required for driving can put this population at risk for driving cessation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of implicit and explicit cues on attention during driving performance and behavioral effects of medication on drivers with PD in a quasi-experimental study, as well as identify …

Fatigue And Its Relationship With Disease-Related Factors In Patients With Systemicsclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study, Hazal Yakut, Sevgi̇ Özalevli̇, Ahmet Meri̇h Bi̇rli̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Fatigue is very common symptom in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and adversely affects health-related quality of life and the ability to perform daily living activities. This study aimed to determine the severity of fatigue, and its related factors, in patients with SSc. Materials and methods: A total of 35 patients with SSc (6 males and 29 females, mean age of 50.71 ± 10.09 years) and 35 healthy control subjects (8 males and 27 females, mean age of 54.14 ± 9.51 years) were included in this study. The Fatigue Impact Scale for fatigue, Modified Medical Research Council Scale for …