Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Mechanical Rocking Motion On Transdifferentiating Feline Adipose Multipotent Stromal Cells Into Functioning Pancreatic Β-Cell Like Islets, Emily Halphen

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

The Tasting Party Assessment: Can Educators Reliably Evaluate Preschoolers’ Willingness To Try New Foods In Group Settings?, Laura L. Bellows, Savannah Hobbs, Susan L. Johnson

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Food neophobia, defined as an unwillingness to consume novel and unfamiliar foods is common in young children. Assessment of neophobia or willingness to try new foods can be a challenge with this audience. With the increase in nutrition interventions focused on the young child, valid and reliable measures to assess willingness to try new foods that can be administered in groups by classroom teachers and Extension educators are needed. The Food Friends: Fun with New Foods (FWNF) program aims to increase children’s willingness to try new foods in childcare settings. The Tasting Party assessment was developed as the primary tool …

Facilitators And Barriers To Implementation Of Community-Based Socio-Ecological Approaches To Obesity Prevention Among Cooperative Extension Agents, Denise Holson, Jessica Stroope, Melissa Cater

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of Cooperative Extension Service (CES) Family and Consumer Science (FCS) agents related to the planning and implementation of community-based multi-level ecological obesity prevention strategies were identified through qualitative, exploratory research. Focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in the five regions of the Louisiana State University CES (LSU AgCenter). Participants included CES FCS Extension agents (n = 35; 97% of agents). Participants were female and responsible for conducting programming in parishes (counties). Thematic analysis of data found principal factors that influenced FCS Extension agents’ perceived ability to plan and implement community-based multi-level obesity prevention approaches to include …

Clinical Pharmacology And Dosing Regimen Optimization Of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Treatments, Fei Tang, Chee M. Ng, Henrietta S. Bada, Markos Leggas

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

In this paper, we review the management of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and clinical pharmacology of primary treatment agents in NOWS, including morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, clonidine, and phenobarbital. Pharmacologic treatment strategies in NOWS have been mostly empirical, and heterogeneity in dosing regimens adds to the difficulty of extrapolating study results to broader patient populations. As population pharmacokinetics (PKs) of pharmacologic agents in NOWS become more well-defined and knowledge of patient-specific factors affecting treatment outcomes continue to accumulate, PK/pharmacodynamic modeling and simulation will be powerful tools to aid the design of optimal dosing regimens at the patient level. Although there …

Reported Self-Efficacy Of Nursing Clinical Instructors In A Bachelor's Of Science In Nursing (Bsn) Program, Annette Ferguson, Natalie Perry

Nursing Faculty Research

Clinical instructors play a significant role in the development of safe and competent nursing students. When nurses beginning their career as a clinical instructor, a substantial gap in knowledge can existence in the expectations of this new role. A deficiency of formal education in nursing education or orientation to this position can lead to a lack of self-efficacy and knowledge among clinical instructors. Research supports that a formal orientation and training increases feelings of self-efficacy among clinical instructors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an online educational program on clinical instructor’s knowledge and self-efficacy towards teaching in a …

Psychological And Physiological Stress And Burnout Among Maternity Providers In A Rural County In Kenya: Individual And Situational Predictors, Patience A. Afulani, Linnet Ongeri, Joyceline Kinyua, Marleen Temmerman, Wendy Berry Mendes, Sandra J. Weiss

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Stress and burnout among healthcare workers has been recognized as a global crisis needing urgent attention. Yet few studies have examined stress and burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa, and even fewer among maternity providers who work under very stressful conditions. To address these gaps, we examined self-reported stress and burnout levels as well as stress-related physiologic measures of these providers, along with their potential predictors.

Methods: Participants included 101 maternity providers (62 nurses/midwives, 16 clinical officers/doctors, and 23 support staff) in western Kenya. Respondents completed Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, the Shirom-Melamed Burnout scale, and other …

Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (Sbrt) For Patients With Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Is Applicable To More Tumors Than Sublobar Resection, Andrew Song, Nathaniel R. Evans Iii, Scott W. Cowan, Jenny Guo, Tingting Zhan, Bo Lu, Maria Werner-Wasik

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Background: Virtually all patients with medically inoperable stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can receive stereotactic body radiation therapy. However, the percentage of such patients in whom sublobar resection is technically feasible is unknown. This discrepancy can confound clinical trial eligibility and designs comparing stereotactic body radiation therapy vs. sublobar resection.

Methods: A total of 137 patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy for lung lesions (3/2013-11/2017) underwent retrospective review. Diagnostic CT chest and PET/CT images, stereotactic body radiation therapy dates, and demographic data were collected on 100 of 137 patients. Two experienced board-certified thoracic surgeons independently reviewed anonymized …

The Association Between Quitline Characteristics And Smoking Cessation By Educational Attainment, Income, Race/Ethnicity, And Sex, David C. Colston, Bethany J. Simard, Yanmei Xie, Marshall Chandler Mcleod, Micheal R. Elliott, Jim F. Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms, Nancy L. Fleischer

Faculty Publications

Little research examines how tobacco quitlines affect disparities in smoking cessation in the United States. Our study utilized data from the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey (2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2018) (TUS-CPS) and state-level quitline data from the North American Quitline Consortium and National Quitline Data Warehouse. We ran multilevel logistic regression models assessing a state-run quitline’s budget, reach, number of counseling sessions offered per caller, and hours of operation on 90-day smoking cessation. Multiplicative interactions between all exposures and sex, race/ethnicity, income, and education were tested to understand potential effect modification. We found no evidence that …

A Population-Based Case-Control Study Of The Association Between Cervical Spondylosis And Tinnitus, Yen-Fu Cheng, Sudha Xirasagar Mbbs., Ph.D., Tzong-Hann Yang, Chuan-Song Wu, Nai-Wen Kuo, Herng-Ching Lin

Publications

OBJECTIVE: This population-based study aimed to study the association between tinnitus and cervical spondylosis. DESIGN: A case-control study. STUDY SAMPLE: We retrieved data from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. We identified 2465 patients with tinnitus (cases) and 7395 comparison patients by propensity score matching. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted to estimate the odds (OR) of a diagnosis of cervical spondylosis preceding the tinnitus diagnosis relative to controls. RESULTS: We found that 1596 (16.19%) of 9860 sample patients had received a diagnosis of cervical spondylosis before the index date, significantly different between the tinnitus group and control group (17.20% vs. …

Applying The Health Justice Framework To Address Health And Health Care Inequities Experienced By People With Disabilities During And After Covid-19, Robyn M. Powell

Washington Law Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has been especially devastating for people with disabilities, as well as other socially marginalized communities. Indeed, an emerging body of scholarship has revealed that people with disabilities are experiencing striking disparities. In particular, scholars have shined a light on state and hospital triage policies that allow hospitals to ration critical health care and resources, such as ventilators, for people with disabilities if resources become limited and they cannot treat all patients during the pandemic. These injustices deserve extensive consideration from policymakers, legal professionals, and scholars.

Elucidating how the inequities that people with disabilities experience during the COVID-19 …

Study The Sequences Of Exou And Toxa Genes In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Samah Ahmed Attiah, Ghanim H. Majeed, Taghreed Khudhur Mohammed

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a human opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen, is one of the most important nosocomial pathogens and is a major health problem, primarily in immunocompromised individuals. Aims: To detect exoU and toxA genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with PCR techniques and study their sequencing. Materials and Methods: 210 swabs were collected from patients suffering burns and wound infections in both genders, for the period from November 2019 to the end of February 2020. Results: After final diagnosis of samples, 50(23.80%) isolates of P. aeruginosa were obtained. The PCR was carried out for all bacterial isolates, using specialized primers, to detect …

A Comparison Study For Biofilm Formation Ability In Nosocomial Mrsa Using Two Detection Methods, Weam Saad Al-Hamadany

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Nosocomial infections with MRSA (Multidrug resistance Staphylococcus aureus) is a significant problem during medical care for hospitalized patients. Biofilm formation made this problem worse due to increase time for cure and costs for treatment. This study focused light on MRSA isolates and aimed to determine the best method used for biofilm formation detection methods. In this study clinical isolates included MRSA isolated from Post-operation infections (hernia and caesarean section), Skin trauma infected wounds, Burns infections and Urinary tract infections (UTI). Results showed that the isolates obtained from UTI and Burns infections were more aggressive in that most of them were …

Effect Of Some Plant Extracts Against Bacterial Species Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Patients, Astabraq A. Mukalaf, Amal A. Kareem, Rabia Ali Aboud

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Antibacterial activity of aqueous plants extracts (Plantago ovata, Cucurbita moschata and Rosmarinus officinalis) prepared with different concentrations were investigated against some bacterial genus isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. Methods: Urine samples were collected from UTI patients and bacterial genus were identified by biochemical tests. Antibacterial activity of aqueous plants extracts (Plantago ovata ,Cucurbita moschata and Rosmarinus officinalis ) were determined by agar diffusion method. Results: Rosemary watery extract were potentially effective against S.aureus isolates ( diameter of inhibition zone was 28mm) . Plantago watery extract was the most active against Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp (diameter of inhibition …

Activity And Self-Shielding Coefficient Calculations Of Europium Oxide (Eu2o3) In A Hypothetical Nuclear Reactor, Nawras Ali Salman

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The elements are generally characterized by various cross-sections for interaction with particles and the effect of this reaction shows the number of elements with large cross-sections for interaction with neutrons in particular, so this effect must be studied on the materials that make up the core of the nuclear reactor, especially the elements with large cross-sections. Theoretical studies The characteristics of Europium oxide (Eu2O3) have been widely researched. Europium-153 makes up 52 percent of natural europium, with europium-151 accounting for the other 48 percent. Because of its ability to absorb neutrons, europium is primarily used in nuclear reactor control rods. …

Antibiotic Resistance Markers In Enterococcus Sp. Isolates, Salaam Khudhur Muslem, Othman Taha Qasim, Sarah Rahman Rasool, Muataz Mohammed Al-Taee

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Total of 34 of Enterococcus include 15(44%) of Enterococcus faecium and 19 (56%) of Enterococcus faecalis, samples have been isolated during 2016-2017 from patients hospitalized in the National Institute for cardiovascular disease the samples have been taken from different clinical sources (Urine sample, Blood, Wound, Tracheal secretions and stool culture) the highest rate of isolates 15 (44%) from urine and least from stool and wound was 2(6%) meanwhile 7(12%) from tracheal secretion and 4(12%)from blood. The phenotypic analysis revealed the 4(12.5%) of the Enterococcus sp. This study aimed to compare the rate of infection with Enterococcus sp. between the hospitalized …

Study Of The Mechanism Of Fomes Officinalis Polysaccharides Inhibiting The Contraction Of The Isolated Duodenum In Mice Through The Myenteric Plexus, Ailong Sha, Haiyan Hao

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objectives of this study were to observe the effect of different concentrations of Fomes officinalis polysaccharides (FOPs) on the contractile activity of the isolated duodenal smooth muscle in mice and explore its mechanism. The contractility of the isolated duodenum was recorded by the Medlab biological signal acquisition and processing system before and after administration and the effects of FOPs-treated groups at low, medium and high dose (5, 10 and 20 mg/mL) on the contractile frequency and amplitude of the intestines were observed. Adrenaline hydrochloride (AD) and CaCl2 were selected respectively to be co-incubated with the high dose FOPs to …

Virulence And Drug Resistance Of Aeromonas Veronii Isolated From Shellfish, Yu-Xuan Xu, Hai-Peng Zhang, Guan-Yi Xu, Inam Muhamamda, Wen-Long Dong, Yi-Ming Wang, Ling-Cong Kong, Hong-Xia Ma

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) is one of the important zoonotic pathogens. The development of drug resistance and enrichment of resistant genes not only cause misery from bacterial diseases but also pose a threat to public health security. In this study, A. veronii was isolated and identified from 357 shellfish samples imported from 6 aquaculture bases in Jilin Province, China, and tested for virulence, tolerance and drug resistance genes. According to 16S rRNA and gyrB gene PCR result, 47 strains were identified as Aeromonas veronii. The distribution of 9 virulence factors including fla (55.3%), Alt (42.5%), Act (31.9%), Aer (31.9%), Lip …

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis In Water Buffaloes Through Detection Of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (Pag) In Milk Using Enzyme-Link Immunosorbent Assay, Roseline D. Tadeo, Eufrocina P. Atabay, Edwin C. Atabay, Danica D. Matias, Zeshalyn P. Fajardo, Jhon Paul R. Apolinario, Carlito F. Dela Cruz, Ramesh C. Tilwani

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Early pregnancy diagnosis following insemination is an important component of the reproductive management program to shorten the calving interval in water buffaloes. A recent method to detect pregnancy in dairy animals is through pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) that are present during implantation and throughout the gestation period. In this study, milk PAG Enzyme-Link Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used and run in parallel with blood PAG ELISA for its efficiency in detecting early pregnancy in lactating buffaloes. Fixed Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI) was conducted in lactating buffaloes followed by the collection of milk and blood samples postFTAI. Samples were then assayed …

Investigation Of The Mechanical And Grounding Characteristics Of The Domestic Cat’S Paw Pads Based On Gait Analysis, Ye Mei, Guolin Wang, Haichao Zhou, Congzhen Liu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The paw pads, which can produce moderate changes that are reflected in mechanical and grounding characteristics, play an important role for domestic cats in realizing their biological characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate these moderate changes of paw pads in various gaits i.e. walking, trotting and emergency stop gaits based on the ground reaction forces and contact strain experiments to obtain the mechanical and grounding shape representations. The results proved that with the change of gait, the representations changed obviously. For the ground reaction forces, the response of the fore paw pads was more sensitive than that …

Survey Of Knowledge And Opinion Among Thai Veterinarians On Nicotine Toxicity And Second-Hand Smoke Effects On Pets’ Health+, Pongsri Srimoragot, Pratuang Sudsakorn, Phornchai Suwannaphirom, Kanin Ruchisereekul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

There may be lack of knowledge in nicotine toxicity and second-hand smoke (SHS) effects, as well as the opinion of pets’ care among Thai veterinarians (vets). To examine knowledge, opinion of nicotine toxicity and SHS effects on dogs and cats’ health in Thai vets. A cross-sectional survey was applied. Data were collected using the self-reported questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha for the knowledge and opinion questionnaire was 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. After MUCIRB approval, systematic sampling was applied to 371 Thai vets. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Thai vets were 5.7 percents current smokers. The majority of them had moderate knowledge …

Evaluation Of Dermal Toxicity Study Of Ethanolic Extract Of Morinda Citrifolia Fruit In Spraque Dawley Rats, Farhan Hanif Reduan Mohd, Rosly Shaari Mohd, Nurul Syahirah Ahmad Sayuti, Abdullahi Aliyu, Noordin Mohamed Mustapha, Md Zuki Abu Bakar, Shanmugavelu Sithambaram, Hazilawati Hamzah

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Plant-based preparations are widely known to complement dermatological therapy, however toxic profiles of these plants are lacking and limited. To investigate the toxicity of Morinda citrifolia fruit ethanol extract applied to the skin of rats daily for 28 days, thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were grouped into five groups (n=5 rats for each group) for each study. The experimental period was set at 14 days and 28 days for acute and subacute dermal toxicity, respectively. Rats in the treatment groups were topically applied with the plant extract at three different doses; 2.5%, 5% and 10% on a shaved area of …

Identification Of Genotype And Phenotype Of Antimicrobial Resistance Of Escherichia Coli Isolates From Pigs In Southern Vietnam, Do Tien Duy, Nguyen Luong Lam Anh, Nguyen Thi Kim Thoa, Phitsanuwattana K, Thongratsakul S, Carrique-Mas Jj, Le Thanh Hien, Nguyen Thi Thu Nam, Nguyen Tat Toan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Escherichia coli is a primary reservoir of antimicrobial resistance, known chiefly for the container of AMR-encoding genes (ARGs), and poses potential risks to human and animal health. This study investigated AMR phenotypes and ARGs in 90 E. coli isolates from different pig groups in 10 farms in southern Vietnam. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 19 common antimicrobial agents was determined, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate seven ARGs (blaTEM, aadA1, strA, dfrA12, sul3, cmlA and tetA). Cohen’s kappa statistic (κ) was applied to assess the concordance between phenotypic and genotypic profiles. A total of 81.1% of …

A Clinical Survey Investigating The Dental Disorders Of Jennies In China, Wuyan Jiang, Bo Liu, Yipeng Jin, Liang Deng, Qingchao Liao, Jing Li

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Recent clinical studies have documented a high prevalence of dental disorders in donkeys. However, there are few studies about the same topic in China. A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the prevalence of clinically diagnosed dental disorders of donkeys in China. A total of 101 jennies which had never received any dental care were examined for the presence of dental disorders under small-holder farm conditions. The prevalence of dental disorders was analyzed by Chi‐square test or Fisher's exact correlation test. The strength of association was evaluated using Cramer's V test. Jennies between 2 and 15 years of age were …

Brucellosis In A Water Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Herd In Balikesir Province Of Turkey: A Bacteriological And Pathological Investigation, Hasan Özen, Ziya İlhan, Mustafa Usta, Musa Karaman, Fatma İlhan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Brucellosis, caused by a facultative intracellular bacterium, induces great economic loss in the livestock economy worldwide. In this study, the abortion problem in an Anatolian water buffalo herd was investigated by pathological, bacteriological and serological means. An aborted fetus as well as blood and milk samples from 4 buffalo cows with abortion history were studied. The thoracic and abdominal cavities of the aborted fetus were filled with serohemorrhagic fluid, and abomasum had yellowish brown fluid containing fibrous material in it. Bronchointerstitial pneumonia was recognized in the lung tissues. Brucella (B.) abortus biotype 3 was isolated from the aborted fetus. Blood …

Identification And Genotyping Of Chlamydia Abortus With Mlva From Ruminant Abortions In The Marmara Region Of Turkey, Mehmet Engin Malal, Suheyla Turkyilmaz

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Abortion in ruminants is an important problem in Turkey and it leads to serious economic losses for farmers. The aim of this study is to diagnose Chlamydia abortus in ruminant abortions in the Marmara Region of Turkey and to determine the genotypes of the agent and obtain the first national epidemiological data in this sense. For this purpose, a total of 730 abortion materials (fetal tissue, fetal stomach contents, placentas, cotyledons, vaginal swabs) belonging to 267 cattle, 380 sheep, 70 goats and 13 water buffaloes were examined for C. abortus with species specific real-time PCR. DNAs of positive samples were …

Evaluation Of Protection Efficiency Of Different Vaccination Programs Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus In Broiler Chickens: Comparative In Field And In Laboratory Studies, Serageldeen Sultan, Marwa Hamed, Nabila Osman

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of different vaccines and vaccination programs against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chickens, in the field and the laboratory. In the field, three commercial chicken farms (LA, LB, and QC) used different types of live vaccines and vaccination programs via drinking water (DW) were serologically estimated by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay to detect the level of circulating antibodies against NDV. The laboratory study was carried out to assess whether the types of vaccine and their route of administration influence the HI level and viral shedding. Chicken groups (G1-G5) except for the …

Nasal Colonization Of Pigs And Farm Attendants By Staphylococcus Aureus And Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) In Kebbi, Northwestern Nigeria, Mohammed Sani Gaddafi, Yusuf Yakubu, Abdulkadir Usman Junaidu, Mohammad Bashir Bello, Bashiru Garba, Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus, Habiba Lawal

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of nosocomial, community and livestockassociated colonization and infection worldwide. This study aimed at investigating the nasal colonization of pigs and farm attendants by S. aureus and MRSA in Kebbi, North-Western Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kebbi Northwestern Nigeria using simple random sampling. A total of 212 nasal swabs were collected from two farms consisting of 100 samples each from pigs and 12 samples from farm attendants. A well-structured questionnaire was administered for risk factor analysis. Nasal swabs were examined using routine bacteriological culture and identification. Presumptive MRSA was confirmed …

Successful Management Of Hypoadrenocorticism In A French Bulldog By A Smaller Dose And Lesser Frequency Of The Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate: A Case Report, Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 1 year and 4 months old, intact female French Bulldog was presented because of weakness, anorexia, and vomiting for 3 days. Laboratory findings included azotemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, sodium to potassium (Na:K) ratio was 23.88, and the lower level of basal cortisol concentration than the detection limit. The small size of both adrenal glands obtained from abdominal ultrasonography. Subsequently, the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test was performed, and the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism was confirmed. The desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) with a smaller dose and lesser frequency than the recommendation of 2.2 mg/kg every 25 days. The dog received DOCP subcutaneous injection …

A Simple Model Of Immune And Muscle Cell Crosstalk During Muscle Regeneration, Hristo V. Kojouharov, Benito M. Chen-Charpentier, Francisco J. Solis, Cláudia Cristina Biguetti, Marco Brotto

School of Podiatric Medicine Publications

Muscle injury during aging predisposes skeletal muscles to increased damage due to reduced regenerative capacity. Some of the common causes of muscle injury are strains, while other causes are more complex muscle myopathies and other illnesses, and even excessive exercise can lead to muscle damage. We develop a new mathematical model based on ordinary differential equations of muscle regeneration. It includes the interactions between the immune system, healthy and damaged myonuclei as well as satellite cells. Our new mathematical model expands beyond previous ones by accounting for 21 specific parameters, including those parameters that deal with the interactions between the …

Management Of Iatrogenic Coronary Artery Dissections Failing To Prepare Is Preparing To Fail, David L. Fischman, Alec Vishnevsky, Md

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

CICAD is a rare but important complication of coronary angiography and PCI. Careful attention to preventative techniques and knowledge of effective treatment strategies will prepare operators well and facilitate successful outcomes in this potentially life-threatening complication.