Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Detecting Dna Oxidation In Sperm, Alexie Zwerdling

Student Research Symposium

Declining body-wide levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) that are present in normal aging men are linked to decreased sperm quality and DNA integrity. When NAD is low, the amount of oxidative stress on the DNA appears to be increased, due to the limited regeneration of the antioxidant glutathione, which is NAD-dependent. We therefore hypothesize that the increased sperm DNA damage in the aging male is caused by an elevated formation of 8-oxoguanine in the DNA, caused by increased oxidative stress when NAD levels are low. To test this hypothesis, a transgenic mouse model (ANDY mouse) was used to create …

Efficacy Of A Yfv-Specific Monoclonal Antibody In The Treatment Of Yf In A Hamster Model, Ryne Christiansen

Student Research Symposium

The yellow fever virus (YFV) is a flavivirus found mainly in South America and Africa. Infection may result in fever, chills, jaundice, nausea, and vomiting. Outbreaks may have up to 50% case mortality. Although Yellow Fever (YF) is a highly preventable disease through the use of an effective vaccine, there are no approved antivirals for this disease. An effective antiviral is necessary to treat infected individuals in areas where the YF vaccine was not used and an outbreak of YF occurs. In this study, female Syrian golden hamsters were infected with YFV and treated with YFV-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Weight …

Remembering., Emmanuel Philor

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

This reflection heightens the value of the role of chaplain during the time of the pandemic.

Development Of An Immunoblot To Detect Human Antibodies Against Sars-Cov-2 Virus Proteins, Shivum Desai

Honors Theses

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a virus that infects cells in the lungs, nasal passages, and intestines via the ACE2 receptors of the host, and leads to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Since the occurrence of the pandemic in December 2019, there have been 114 million cases worldwide in which 2.5 million lives have unfortunately been taken away.

Being diagnosed with a past infection stems questions among those that have tested positive through antibody testing. The problem here is that patients were notified that they have antibodies resulting from a SARS-CoV-2 infection, but in fact they may not …

Week Of April 12, 2021, New York Medical College

InTouch

• NYMC Welcomes Robert Lancia, M.A., as Director of Security
• NYMC Observes Yom Hashoah, Remembering Those Lost During the Holocaust
• NYMC Celebrates National Public Health Week Virtually
• NYMC and TCUS Host 11th COVID-19 Symposium
• NYMC Hosts MSCHE Virtual Site Visit
• Grand Opening of the Skyline Café is Set for April 12
• Chancellor Halperin Shares his Thoughts on the Medical Ethics and Diversity Act in Arkansas

Exploring The Lived Experience Of Adolescent Caregivers, Abbigale Laurentius

Honors Theses

In today’s society, the population is aging, and any member of the family could find themselves in the role as an informal caregiver. Adolescents between the ages of 12 and 18 years old may have these caregiving responsibilities, and it is imperative that healthcare professionals recognize and support this change of roles. A literature review revealed a general lack of research from within the last five years regarding adolescent caregivers. Those studies that were analyzed in the review presented themes of depression, anxiety, lack of education, and insufficient social supports for the adolescent. An unfolding case study was then designed …

Smokeless Tobacco Initiation, Use And Cessation In South Asia: A Qualitative Assessment, Faraz Siddiqui, Ray Croucher Ray Croucher, Fayaz Ahmad, Zarak Hussain Ahmed, Roshani Babu, Linda Bauld, Fariza Fieroze, Rumana Huque, Maira Mubashir, Narjis Rizvi

Community Health Sciences

Introduction: Smokeless tobacco (ST) is a significant South Asian public health problem. This paper reports a qualitative study of a sample of South Asian ST users.
Methods: Interviews, using a piloted topic guide, with 33 consenting, urban dwelling adult ST users explored their ST initiation, continued use and cessation attempts. Framework data analysis was used to analyse country specific data before a thematic cross-country synthesis was completed.
Results: Participants reported long term ST use and high dependency. All reported strong cessation motivation and multiple failed attempts because of ease of purchasing ST, tobacco dependency and lack of institutional support.
Conclusions: …

A Risk Assessment Tool For Resumption Of Research Activities During The Covid-19 Pandemic For Field Trials In Low Resource Settings, Suzanne M Simkovich, Victor G Davila-Roman, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

RATIONALE: The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has suspended many non-COVID-19 related research activities. Where restarting research activities is permitted, investigators need to evaluate the risks and benefits of resuming data collection and adapt procedures to minimize risk.

OBJECTIVES: In the context of the multicountry Household Air Pollution Intervention (HAPIN) trial conducted in rural, low-resource settings, we developed a framework to assess the risk of each trial activity and to guide protective measures. Our goal is to maximize the integrity of reseach aims while minimizing infection risk based on the latest scientific understanding of the virus.

METHODS: We …

Efficacy And Safety Of Dotinurad In Hyperuricemic Patients With Or Without Gout: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Ayman Iqbal, Kinza Iqbal, Eisha Farid, Ali Ishaque, Muhammad Hasanain, Taha Bin Arif, Shajeea Arshad Ali, Sawai Singh Rathore, Mehreen Malik

Department of Anaesthesia

Introduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of dotinurad in hyperuricemic patients with or without gout. Dotinurad is a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor (SURI) that increases uric acid excretion by selectively inhibiting urate transporter 1 (URAT1). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis conducted to gauge the efficacy and safety of dotinurad.
Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov) were searched from inception till March 2, 2021, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis …

Adult Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome: Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Current State Of Practice, Megan Eisses, Megan Hicks, Megan Mitchell, Sabrina Vanderklipp

Masters Theses

BACKGROUND: Persistent post-concussion syndrome (PPCS) is a complex diagnosis involving symptoms that affect nearly all domains of occupational therapy (OT) for adults. Currently, there is a lack of clarity in PPCS symptoms and diagnosis criteria, as well as little research reflecting the best practice patterns of OT practitioners treating adults with PPCS. This study’s primary purpose was to conduct a survey to understand OT practitioners’ current state of practice for adult patients with PPCS, as well as their current knowledge of PPCS.

METHOD: This research project involves a cross-sectional design, mixed methods, 23-question survey that was distributed to OT practitioners …

Hydronephrosis Classifications: Has Utd Overtaken Apd And Sfu? A Worldwide Survey., Santiago Vallasciani, Anna Bujons Tur, John Gatti, Marcos Machado, Christopher S. Cooper, Marie Klaire Farrugia, Huixia Zhou, Mohammed El Anbari, Pedro-José Lopez

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Objective: To collect baseline information on the ultrasonographic reporting preferences.

Method: A 13-multiple choice questionnaire was designed and distributed worldwide among pediatric urologists, pediatric surgeons, and urologists. The statistical analysis of the survey data consisted of 3 steps: a univariate analysis, a bivariate and a multivariate analysis.

Results: Three hundred eighty participants responded from all the continents. The bivariate analysis showed the significant differences in the geographical area, the years of experience and the volume of cases. Most of the physicians prefer the SFU and APD systems because of familiarity and simplicity (37 and 34%, respectively). Respondents noted that their …

Everything But The Kitchen Sink To Treat Refractory Vasospasm: Alternative Treatment Options, Alexandria Limpar Bsn, Rn, Cnrn, Brittany Boyer Bsn, Rn, Ccrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Cautionary Tale To Treating Delirium And Agitation, Maureen T. Smith Msn, Rn, Cnrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Systematic Visuo-Textual Analysis: A Framework For Analysing Visual And Textual Data, Nicole Brown, Jo Collins

The Qualitative Report

As qualitative research has evolved, researchers now often combine interviews with the production of photographs, artefacts, collages, maps or drawings and the like. However, in practice, the artefacts produced are used to eliciting experiences and stimulating conversations rather than as data, per se, which is often due to the lack of guidelines for how to deal with the artefacts as data in a systematic analytical process. In this article, we present the Systematic Visuo-Textual Analysis, a framework developed to provide much-needed support for qualitative researchers in analysing artefacts in combination with interviews. Drawing on existing frameworks for visual and textual …

Identification Of Variables For Hemoglobin A1c Prediction, Erica A. Richards

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

An evolution in healthcare is taking place throughout our country. Healthcare providers are required to achieve an ever-growing number of regulatory and metric-driven standards. This transformation aims to improve both the quality and cost of healthcare in the United States. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most costly chronic diseases in the United States. Since DM has high mortality, high morbidity, and low quality of life rates, it is no wonder that DM is one of the focuses of the National Committee for Quality Assurance performance improvement tools known as the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS). In …

In With A Runny Nose, Out In A Body Bag: Why Is It So Difficult For Black Women To Leave The Hospital Alive?, Chelsea Carter

Scholars Week

In the Black community, there is an unspoken understanding about Black people going to the doctor with a runny nose, and leaving in a body bag. A recent article published by The Oprah Magazine demonstrates that racism is rampant in the United States healthcare system, and it is taking the lives of Black women at an alarmingly disproportionate rate (Stallings, 2018). When seeking medical treatment, many Black women are at the mercy of doctors who possess an implicit bias against Black women. Simply put, implicit bias describes the phenomenon in which people behave and treat others based on negative preconceptions …

2021-04-11_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 183 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (132 Emergency Departments (ED), 51 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, and clinical impression) for fever or …

The Importance Of Cognitive Screening To Promote Clinical Decision-Making Skills, Bonnie L. Rogulj

Physical Therapy Collection

Description:

Research has revealed decreased cognitive function to be associated with mobility deficits and increased fall risk. The role of the physical therapist as the "Movement Specialist" of the patient-centered team should include screening for cognitive dysfunction in an effort to promote clinical decision-making and early intervention.

The presentation will discuss cognitive changes associated with aging to improve understanding of normal aging, mild and major neurocognitive disorder. The presentation will identify tools commonly used for cognitive screening and assist participants in the selection process. Participants will analyze sample screening findings necessary for clinical decision-making skills. The presentation will recognize the …

Roles Of Nad+ In Testicular Aging And Epigenetic Sperm Modifications, Renata Hoskova

Student Research Symposium

Since 1980, the average age of first-time fathers has been increasing. With increased age, sperm chromatin quality and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels are reduced. In order to condense around protamines, sperm DNA undergoes breaks, at which time epigenetic reprogramming occurs. In humans, about 2% of DNA stays wound to histones in spermatozoa. Histones carry post-translational modifications that control gene activity and have the potential to transmit epigenetic information to the offspring. Analysis of epigenetic sperm modifications is being conducted within niacin deficient versus niacin replete mice. The experimental plan includes the characterization of histone exchange in elongating spermatids via …

Creating Home Modification Solutions For Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury, Ryan Heuer

OTD Capstone Projects

Tucker's House provides home accessibility assessments and modifications to children with disabilities and their caregivers. As a small non-profit Tucker's House is not able to tailor its process to specific conditions and diagnoses. The present project focused on creating and enhancing the evidence-based resources that Tucker's House can provide to individuals with spinal cord injury and spina bifida. These resources are designed to help this population safely participate in the home environment and improve their occupational performance and wellness.

Dosing Recommendations For Vancomycin In Children And Adolescents With Varying Levels Of Obesity And Renal Dysfunction: A Population Pharmacokinetic Study In 1892 Children Aged 1–18 Years, Cornelis Smit, Sebastiaan C. Goulooze, Roger J. M. Brüggemann, Catherine M. Sherwin, Catherijne A. J. Knibbe

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Vancomycin is an effective but potentially nephrotoxic antibiotic commonly used for severe infections. Dosing guidelines for vancomycin in obese children and adolescents with or without renal impairment are currently lacking. This study describes the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in a large pediatric cohort with varying degrees of obesity and renal function to design practical dosing guidelines for this population. A multi-center retrospective population pharmacokinetic study was conducted using data from patients aged 1−18 years who received >1 dose of vancomycin and had ≥1 vancomycin concentration measured between January 2006 and December 2012. Besides pharmacokinetic data, age, gender, body weight, creatinine clearance …

Improving Antibiotic Prescribing For Acute Respiratory Illnesses, Laurinia Hunter

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Unwarranted antibiotic prescribing practices when treating acute respiratory illnesses contribute to the national health threat of antibiotic resistance.

PICOT: In a pediatric outpatient setting for patients ages 6-25 who have no documented uncontrolled comorbidities, presenting with an acute respiratory illness (P), does provider utilization of clinical guidelines, and patient and (caregivers) utilization of educational pamphlets, to collectively develop a plan of care (I), compared to providers and patients who do not utilize such strategies(C) result in a reduction in antibiotics prescribed for acute respiratory illnesses (O) in a 6-week timeframe (T)?

Evidence: The evidence reviewed reported the utilization …

Impact Of Fecal Microbiota Transfer (Fmt) On Phenotype Of Mice Fed A Standard Diet And A Western-Style Diet Using A Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Model, Abbey Horrocks

Student Research Symposium

A variety of genetic and environmental factors can affect the composition of the human gut microbiota, including a poor diet. Western diets are typically associated with dysbiosis and other adverse health outcomes that are expressed phenotypically. The primary objective of this study is to determine the contribution of gut microbiota from mice donors who have previously consumed one of two basal diets: 1) the standard AIN93G diet, which is designed to promote rodent health; and 2) the total Western diet (TWD), which promotes inflammation-associated colorectal tumorigenesis. The donors’ microbiota were transferred to a cohort of mice who were fed either …

Bolstering Southeast Asia's Livestock Biosecurity And Climate Change Resilience Essential For Global Health, Madelyn Kunzler

Student Research Symposium

A large factor of climate change is its effect on infectious zoonotic diseases. Zoonotic diseases are diseases that can be transferred from animals into humans. Cases of zoonotic diseases have increased as humans have interacted more with animals, and as worldwide travel has become more frequent. It is predicted that 60% of emerging human diseases will be zoonotic. The cases will continue to increase to due climate change. As climate change continues, research has shown that new diseases will emerge from the melting permafrost and ice caps. It is also likely that pre-existing diseases will be able to migrate to …

Roles Of Nad In Dna Repair And Response To Oxidative Stress, Micah Forbush

Student Research Symposium

It has become a common trend for people to start their families at a later age, often due to lifestyle choices like achieving career goals first and waiting to achieve financial stability. Along with this trend of increasing parental age comes another, the decrease in fertility. While it is well established that female fertility declines significantly with age, current research is showing that male fertility may be impacted just as much. NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an important biochemical cofactor in most metabolic reactions, and importantly, is it also essential for DNA repair. As age increases in humans, the amount …

Fecal Microbiota Transfer (Fmt) From Tumor-Bearing Mice Fed The Total Western Diet (Twd) Does Not Contribute To A Higher Tumor Burden In Mice Fed A Healthy Diet, Porter Green

Student Research Symposium

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Diet and gut microbiome have shown to influence the development of colitis associated colorectal cancer (CAC). For this study, the goal was to determine the association between colon inflammation, diet and microbiome in the development of CAC in mice. The primary objective of this study was to determine the contribution of gut microbiota from mice donors who have previously consumed one of two basal diets: 1) the standard AIN93G diet, which is designed to promote rodent health; and 2) the total Western diet (TWD), …

Arsenic: It’S Not Just For Rats. The Benefits Of Arsenic Trioxide For The Treatment Of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia, Lauren Sheldon

Nursing Doctoral

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to compare the effectiveness of induction therapy with arsenic trioxide (ATO) paired with retinoic acid (ATRA) and standard chemotherapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).

Background and Significance: The use of chemotherapy for APL treatment has demonstrated successful results, but is associated with toxicities. Research has shown that the use of ATO/ATRA not only achieves complete molecular remission, but also increased survival rates and reduced disease relapse.

Methods: Databases used include CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health. Keywords searched were induction treatment, acute promyelocytic leukemia, arsenic trioxide, …

Physiology Of Growth, Bhagyalakshmi K

Faculty work

No abstract provided.

2021-04-10_Michigandaily_Covidmap, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Daily Michigan COVID-19 Update

The "WHERE WE STAND WITH COVID-19" map was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated daily at 3p.m., Monday - Saturday.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled.

The image contained a map, indicating total cases by county, and also provides statistics on Total Confirmed Cases, Total COVID-19 Deaths, Daily Confirmed Cases, and Daily COVID-19 Deaths. There …

2021-04-10_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. It is updated Monday - Saturday.
This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time polymerase chain reaction (NAAT/RT-PCR) and rapid virus antigen detection point of …