Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Hospital Acquired Deconditioning In A 78-Yeaar Old Individual: A Case Study, Brooke Rehm

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Physical therapy management of older adults following hospitalization is common. Patients tend to show impairments such as generalized weakness, decreased endurance, impaired mobility and gait, and an increase in dependence on others to complete activities of daily living. The purpose of this case study is to examine the physical therapy implications of treating patients with hospital acquired disability. This paper outlines the management of a patient who was newly admitted to skilled nursing facility, following a proximal humeral fracture.

Description: Following her stay at the hospital, the patient was discharged to the skilled nursing facility for …

Effects Of Physical Therapy Following A Right Shoulder Arthroscopy In The Outpatient Orthopedic Setting: A Case Study, Hannah Riveland

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. Shoulder pain is the third most common complaint in the musculoskeletal system. Subacromial impingement syndrome consists of 44-65% of those complaints. This case study examines the effectiveness of physical therapy treatment following a right shoulder arthroscopy including a subacromial decompression, extensive intraarticular debridement, and subpectoral proximal biceps tenodesis in an outpatient orthopedic setting.

Case Description. This patient was a 57-year old male with past medical history of chronic shoulder and back pain. He presented to outpatient physical therapy post-operatively with right upper extremity guarding, pain, weakness, tenderness, and impaired functional mobility.

Intervention. Treatment addressed …

Oidpr: Optimized Insulin Dosage Via Privacy‐Preserving Reinforcement Learning, Zuobin Ying, Yun Zhang, Shuanglong Cao, Shengmin Xu, Maode Ma

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The precision of insulin dosage is essential in the process of diabetes treatment. The fact is providing precise dosage is almost impossible for clinicians since blood sugar levels are dynamically affected by many factors. Even though some auxiliary dosing systems have been proposed, the required real‐time physical data about the health situation of diabetics is still hard to synchronize to the end‐devices instantly. The traditional personalized drug delivery frameworks for accurate dosing of insulin always collect and transmit medical data in cleartext, which raises privacy problems. In this article, we propose a framework for an optimized insulin dosage via privacy‐preserving …

Immigrant Families' Health-Related Information Behavior On Instant Messaging Platforms: Health-Related Information Exchange In Immigrant Family Groups On Instant Messaging Platforms, Lev Poretski, Taamannae Taabassum, Anthony Tang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

For immigrant families, instant messaging family groups are a common platform for sharing and discussing health-related information. Immigrants often maintain contact with their family abroad and trust information in shared IM family groups more than the information from local authorities and sources. In this study, we aimed to understand health-related information behaviors of immigrant families in their IM family groups. Based on the interviews with 6 participants from immigrant families to Canada, we found that immigrant families’ discourse on IM platforms is motivated by love and care for other family members. The families used local and international sources of information, …

Engineering Controls For Bioaerosols In Non-Industrial/Non-Healthcare Settings, David Krause, Cheri Marcham, Bill Mele, Jack Springston, Rob Strode, Donald Weekes, Neil J. Zimmerman

Publications

The list of disease pathogens that can be transmitted in the air is extensive. This list includes the common cold, SARS, measles, Hansen’s disease (leprosy), polio, influenza, Legionella (Legionnaires’ disease and Pontiac fever), and tuberculosis (TB). TB, SARS-CoV-1, avian influenza, varicella, and now SARS-CoV-2 all have received public notice due not only to their known or assumed ability to be transmitted in the air rapidly from one individual to another, but also for their virulence. Other bioaerosols that can be transmitted through the air include bacteria, fungal spores and fragments, dust mites, and pollen. This document was developed to address …

Does Social Support Moderate The Association Between Income And Food Security Status Among Seniors Living In Southern Nevada?, Adugna Teka Siweya

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Background: Income is the strongest predictor of food insecurity among seniors, and social support also an essential factor to help mitigate the effects of food insecurity. However, little is known about the potential role that social support may play as a moderator of the association between income and food insecurity. Thus, we aim to examine social support as a moderator for the relationship between income and food insecurity among seniors. Methods: Logistic regression models were used to analyze data collected in 2019 from seniors residing in Southern Nevada. Predictors of food insecurity, sociodemographic factors, social support variables, and income and …

Food Insecurity And Risky Sexual Behaviors Among College Students, Bertille Octavie Mavegam Tango Assoumou M

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Food insecurity and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are growing public health problems in the United States. Young people in general, and particularly college students, exhibit high prevalence of food insecurity, STIs, and risky sexual behaviors (RSB). Food insecurity and STIs among college students can have short- and long-term impacts on their academic success and their lives. Several studies have reported an association between food insecurity and some risky sexual behaviors among specific populations including HIV-infected people and homeless people. However, little is known about the relationship between food insecurity and RSB among college students. Given the high prevalence of food …

Movement Integration In Classrooms: Factors Associated With The Adoption And Implementation Of Physical Activity In Us Elementary Schools, R. Blake Densley

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

The intentional integration of movement in elementary school classrooms—including both brief instructional breaks for physical activity, or the integration of physical activity with lessons—can benefit children’s physical health and education outcomes. Teachers are key implementation agents, but despite movement integration (MI) being considered an educational best practice, many classroom teachers do not regularly use it. The aim of this study was to obtain updated nationally-representative prevalence estimates in US public elementary schools, regarding four key outcomes pertaining to teachers’ implementation of physical activity: 1) school adoption of physically active lessons (PALs); 2) school adoption of physical activity breaks (PABs); 3) …

Covid-19 Disease Severity And Death In Relation To Vitamin D Status Among Sars-Cov-2-Positive Uae Residents, Habiba Alsafar, William B. Grant, Rafiq Hijazi, Maimunah Uddin, Nawal Alkaabi, Guan Tay, Bassam Mahboub, Fatme Al Anouti

All Works

Insufficient blood levels of the neurohormone vitamin D are associated with increased risk of COVID-19 severity and mortality. Despite the global rollout of vaccinations and promising preliminary results, the focus remains on additional preventive measures to manage COVID-19. Results conflict on vitamin D’s plausible role in preventing and treating COVID-19. We examined the relation between vitamin D status and COVID-19 severity and mortality among the multiethnic population of the United Arab Emirates. Our observational study used data for 522 participants who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at one of the main hospitals in Abu Dhabi and Dubai. Only 464 of those …

A Comprehensive Review Of Retinal Vascular And Optical Nerve Diseases Based On Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography, Fatma Taher, Heba Kandil, Hatem Mahmoud, Ali Mahmoud, Ahmed Shalaby, Mohammed Ghazal, Marah Talal Alhalabi, Harpal Singh Sandhu, Ayman El-Baz

All Works

The optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive imaging technology which aims at imaging blood vessels in retina by studying decorrelation signals between multiple sequential OCT B-scans captured in the same cross section. Obtaining various vascular plexuses including deep and superficial choriocapillaris, is possible, which helps in understanding the ischemic processes that affect different retina layers. OCTA is a safe imaging modality that does not use dye. OCTA is also fast as it can capture high-resolution images in just seconds. Additionally, it is used in the assessment of structure and blood flow. OCTA provides anatomic details in addition to …

A Novel Mra-Based Framework For Segmenting The Cerebrovascular System And Correlating Cerebral Vascular Changes To Mean Arterial Pressure, Fatma Taher, Heba Kandil, Yitzhak Gebru, Ali Mahmoud, Ahmed Shalaby, Shady El‐Mashad, Ayman El‐Baz

All Works

Blood pressure (BP) changes with age are widespread, and systemic high blood pressure (HBP) is a serious factor in developing strokes and cognitive impairment. A non‐invasive methodology to detect changes in human brain’s vasculature using Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) data and correlation of cerebrovascular changes to mean arterial pressure (MAP) is pre-sented. MRA data and systemic blood pressure measurements were gathered from patients (n = 15, M = 8, F = 7, Age = 49.2 ± 7.3 years) over 700 days (an initial visit and then a follow‐up period of 2 years with a final visit.). A novel segmentation algorithm …

Do I Add Value? A Mixed Methods Study Comparing Medical Students’ Experiences With Patient Documentation, Shannon Haines, Kari Nelson, Kaeli Samson, Nathan Gollehon

Child Health Research Institute Pediatric Research Forum

Background

Clinical documentation is an essential skill for practicing physicians, yet many medical students are not prepared for the documentation demands required during residency.^1,2 Recent CMS rule changes now allow medical students’ notes to be used for billing.³ Previous studies have shown positive perceptions of medical students whose notes were used in an outpatient setting.⁴ We utilized Constructivist Learning Theory to frame our work, where students construct their knowledge as faculty and residents facilitate the process.⁵

Objectives

To explore if using student documentation for billing impacts student perceptions and experiences during the pediatric clerkship.

Methods

Pediatric …

Food Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome Triggers At Children’S Hospital, Rachel Nelson, Russell Hopp

Child Health Research Institute Pediatric Research Forum

Background

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food disease characterized by delayed vomiting and diarrhea, often at the first ingestion of the food. The clinical phenotype of FPIES, including trigger food and disease course, varies by region. A literature review of the most common FPIES foods in children in the United States and worldwide includes cow’s milk, soy, oats, rice, and egg.

Objective:

We sought to survey the most common FPIES foods seen at Children’s hospital in the past five years.

Methods:

A data search of the EPIC electronic medical record using FPIES codes ICD-10 (K52.21) and ICD-9 …

Influenza Surveillance: Comparative Analysis Of Influenza Cases Data In Nebraska, Anna Carpenter

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

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Alteration Of Perceptions Of Safety Before And After Fit Testing Among College Of Dentistry Students, Tanner H. Clark

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed how hospitals and healthcare academic programs operate. This change has restricted services provided as well as educational opportunities for those training to be in healthcare. Further, personal protective equipment (PPE) has been required to help protect workers potentially having contact with patients who may have COVID-19. Dentistry workers are at particularly high risk due to repeated and continuous aerosol generating procedures. Healthcare students have traditionally been restricted to areas with minimal risk during clinical experiences; however, with the exposure occurring ubiquitously, avoiding the risk is nearly impossible. There is no uniform inclusion of students in …

Mental Health Of Individuals Within Incarceration: A Systematic Literature Review, Steven I. Valladares

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

Mental Health Illness is on the rise in the United States. About 90% of incarcerated individuals have at least one mental health condition. The current federal and state incarceration systems do not seem to be well-equipped to transition an incarcerated individual to the civilian life. This is so because the incarceration system focuses too much on the punishment rather than rehabilitation. This framework could be deemed unsafe and dangerous to the civilian world once a prisoner gets released, due to incarcerated individuals not receiving adequate mental health treatment. This literature review highlights the flaws of the current incarceration system mental …

Predicting Suboptimal Care In Insured Nebraskans With Known And Suspected Chronic Conditions., Avery Wallace

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

Health insurance companies have a goal of improving population health for their members (people who the company insures). As a health insurance company, [Company] has ample data on the health of its members that can be utilized to improve the health, and by extension lives of the people they insure. Although [Company] does not deliver care, they communicate with their members and physicians to identify ways to improve the health of the member. Of specific interest are members with known chronic conditions who are receiving suboptimal care, as well as members who have undiagnosed chronic conditions. Two chronic conditions were …

The Migration Of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii From The Battlefields Of Iraq And Afghanistan To The Healthcare Facilities Of The Veterans Health Administration, Jeffery Rogers

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) pose a great threat to health across the globe. That threat is also felt in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Wounded warriors returning home from the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan may have brought with them MDROs, such as the bacterium Acinetobacter baumannii, as they have transitioned from military service into the VHA facilities. This study investigates the interconnectedness of military service in the Department of Defense (DoD) and a lifetime of care at VHA through a longitudinal tracking of a linked cohort of combat veterans with battlefield injuries and subsequent MDR infections of A. baumannii. …

The Spatial-Temporal Model Of Covid-19 Tests, Cases, And Deaths In The State Of Nebraska, Makayla Schissel

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

The goal of this project was to illustrate the spread of COVID-19 tests, cases, and deaths within the state of Nebraska and identify non-random clusters using a spatial-temporal model. This project is pertinent and innovative, as few spatial-temporal models in the United States revolving around COVID-19 offer information at the county, let alone, the state level. De-identified data was extracted from the State of Nebraska’s Department of Health and Human Services COVID-19 dashboard, transformed and prepared for analysis using SAS coding language. Clusters were identified though SaTScan software using a space-time permutation model. The model identified 5 different clusters related …

Health Belief Model Implications For Cervical Cancer Screening Among Refugee Women In Omaha, Nebraska, Na-Omi Hassane Dan Karami

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

Literature gap

According to the World Health Organization (2020), cervical cancer is among the top four most common cancers in women. However, refugee women are the least screened for cervical cancer. There is limited research examining the uptake of cervical cancer screenings among refugee women using the health belief model. Little is known about barriers and facilitators associated with the uptake of cervical cancer screening among refugee women in Nebraska.

Objectives:

The purpose of the study is to assess the health behavior of refugee women in Omaha towards cervical cancer screening via the health belief model and to determine the …

The Benefits Of Aquatic Occupational Therapy For Children On The Autism Spectrum, Caitlin Fitzpatrick

Human Development and Family Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

The proposed study aims to identify the benefits of aquatic OT by examining the progress a child with ASD makes in motor skills, social, emotional, and physical development as well as evaluate the therapist’s ability to provide therapy, compared to therapy provided on land. It is hypothesized that providing occupational therapy in an aquatic environment for children with autism will have equal to or greater benefits as occupational therapy provided on land. Twenty-one participants were recruited from occupational therapy clinics and programs around the United States to take a survey asking questions to learn more about specific changes observed in …

Short-Term Reoperation Risk After Surgical And Nonsurgical Management Of Isolated Greater Tuberosity Fractures, Akshar H. Patel, Olivia C. Lee, Michael J. O'Brien, Felix H. Savoie, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: The outcomes and complication rates of patients with isolated greater tuberosity fractures are not well documented. The present study aimed to evaluate the reoperation rates, types of reoperations, and complications for patients undergoing open reduction internal fixation and those undergoing initial nonoperative treatment of isolated greater tuberosity fractures. Methods: An administrative claims database was queried from 2010 to 2018 for adult patients treated with open reduction internal fixation or initial nonoperative treatment within 6 weeks of sustaining a closed isolated greater tuberosity fracture. Reoperation rates, types of reoperations, local/surgical complications, and systemic complications for two cohorts were collected, and …

Temporary Intravascular Shunts After Civilian Arterial Injury: A Prospective Multicenter Eastern Association For The Surgery Of Trauma Study, Lily Tung, Jennifer Leonard, Ryan A. Lawless, Alexis Cralley, Richard Betzold, Jason D. Pasley, Kenji Inaba, Jennie S. Kim, Dennis Y. Kim, Kwang Kim, Bradley M. Dennis, Michael C. Smith, Margaret Moore, Christina Tran, Joshua P. Hazelton, Atlee Melillo, Tejal S. Brahmbhatt, Stephanie Talutis, Noelle N. Saillant, Jae Moo Lee, Mark J. Seamon

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: We sought to determine the impact of the indication for shunt placement on shunt-related outcomes after major arterial injuries. We hypothesized that a shunt placed for damage control indications would be associated with an increase in shunt-related complications including shunt dislodgement, thrombosis, or distal ischemia. Patients & methods: A prospective, multicenter study (eleven level one US trauma centers) of all adult trauma patients undergoing temporary intravascular shunts (TIVS) after arterial injury was undertaken (January 2017-May 2019). Exclusion criteria included age <15years, shunt placement distal to popliteal/brachial arteries, isolated venous shunts, and death before shunt removal. Clinical variables were compared by indication and shunt-related complications. The primary endpoint was TIVS complications (thrombosis, migration, distal ischemia). Results: The 66 patients who underwent TIVS were primarily young (30years [IQR 22-36]) men (85%), severely injured (ISS 17 [10-25]) by penetrating mechanisms (59%), and had their shunts placed for damage control (41%). After a median SDT of 198min [89-622], 9% experienced shunt-related complications. Compared by shunt placement indication (damage control shunts [n=27] compared to non-damage control shunts [n=39]), there were no differences in gender, mechanism, extremity AIS, MESS score, fractures, or surgeon specialty between the two groups (all p>0.05). Patients with shunts placed for damage control indications had more severe injuries (ISS 23.5 compared to 13; SBP …

Long Non-Coding Rna Maternally Expressed Gene 3 Affects Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis And Migration By Targeting The Microrna-9-5p/Midkine Axis And Activating The Phosphoinositide-Dependent Kinase/Akt Pathway In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Dezhi Wu, Zheng Ma, Deyu Ma, Qiquan Li

Publications

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) is a tumor suppressor in several cancers, such as glioma, prostate cancer and esophageal cancer. However, the role of MEG3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the related molecular mechanisms are not well understood. The present study aimed to determine the biological function of MEG3 in regulating HCC cell viability, apoptosis and migration. In addition, the interaction between MEG3, microRNA (miR)-9-5p and Midkine (MDK), and the activation of the phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK)/AKT pathway in HCC cell line MHCC-97L were examined. Luciferase reporter assays, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to …

Development Of A Protocol For Perioperative Management Of The Breastfeeding Mother, Kayla Nyseth, Kelsey Park

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Facilitating breastfeeding is a public health priority, as disruption in lactation is associated with adverse health outcomes for the breastfeeding mother and child (ACOG, 2016). The need to take medication, maternal illness, and hospitalization are among the most common reasons women cite for ceasing breastfeeding before their projected goal (Odom, Li, Scanlon, Perrine, & Grummer-Strawn, 2013). Providing a healthcare team that encourages breastfeeding during the perioperative period can minimize interruptions in breastfeeding and optimize the benefits for both the mother and infant (Simon, Carabetta, Rieth & Barnett, 2018). Unfortunately, many anesthesia providers lack confidence related to breastfeeding and drug transfer. …

Evaluating Urban Parks Accessibility And Equity: A Case Study Of Hartford, Ct And New Haven, Ct, Natalie Roach, Mara Tu

Honors Scholar Theses

Public parks provide cities with environmental benefits, positive health effects, recreational opportunities, community building, educational spaces, and public amenities. However, certain populations have been systematically denied their fair share of these benefits because of unjust practices in the creation and maintenance of urban parks. With a lens of environmental justice, the goal of this research was to assess park quality and accessibility of two Connecticut cities, Hartford and New Haven, by gathering publicly available information as well as using GIS tools.

The Trust for Public Land (TPL) has an existing ParkScore rating system that evaluates the quality of a city’s …

Self-Management Of Chronic Low Back Pain In The Hispanic Population: A Feasibility Study, Jasmeen Mohammed

Honors Scholar Theses

This study sought to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of S-SPINE self-management interventions in the Spanish-speaking Hispanic population. Four focus groups were conducted during the study, with a total of 12 participants. During these virtual meetings, we obtained feedback on the S-SPINE modules and explored the needs and preferences of the Spanish-speaking population regarding lower-back pain self-management. Overall, we found that people prefer digital content in self-management modules and want to communicate better with their providers regarding their chronic pain. In addition, while there are a few support groups and resources online regarding chronic pain for Spanish-speakers, there are not …

A Computational Analysis Of Selective Metabolism Of Bupropion By Cytochrome P450 2b6, Alyssa Santos

Honors Scholar Theses

Bupropion is an antidepressant and smoking cessation aid that is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2B6. It is a highly lipophilic chiral drug that undergoes stereoselective metabolism with preference for the (S)-enantiomer. Despite chemical reasons for why bupropion can be metabolized by other CYP isozymes, clinically, bupropion is preferentially metabolized by CYP2B6, and at certain concentrations, CYP2E1, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4. A computational analysis with simulated molecular docking was performed using two different scoring algorithms to analyze the specific amino acid interactions between bupropion and various CYP isozymes. Trials were run using one stereoisomer of bupropion (R …

Thermogenic Fat: Development, Physiological Function, And Therapeutic Potential, B. B. Brandão, Ankita Poojari, Atefeh Rabiee

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

Clinical Outcomes Of Covid-19 Patients Treated With Convalescent Plasma Or Remdesivir Alone And In Combination At A Community Hospital In California’S Central Valley, Jered Arquiette, Regine Padilla, Yvonne Mai, Gurinder Singh, Kristine Galang, Edward Liang

Pacific Faculty Work

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare how treatment with convalescent plasma (CP) monotherapy, remdesivir (RDV) monotherapy, and combination therapy (CP + RDV) in patients with COVID-19 affected clinical outcomes. Methods: Patients with COVID-19 infection who were admitted to the hospital received CP, RDV, or combination of both. Mortality, discharge disposition, hospital length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, and total ventilation days were compared between each treatment group and stratified by ABO blood group. An exploratory analysis identified risk factors for mortality. Adverse effects were also evaluated. Results: RDV monotherapy showed an increased chance of …