Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Mental Health Stigma Among Pharmacy Professionals And The Need For Continuing Education, Victoria Dale

Honors Theses

Background. The mental health stigma of pharmacists, the most accessible health professional, can have a significant impact on not only how these patients seek treatment, but also their quality of life (Mey et al., 2013). This study intends to explore mental health stigma among pharmacists and also examine the need for continuing education focused on mental health.

Methods. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study that employed a self-administered online survey. The subjects were pharmacist members of the Mississippi Pharmacists Association (MPhA). Demographic characteristics were collected. The level of mental health stigma among the respondents was examined using the Community …

A Comprehensive Examination Of Pharmacy Technician Requirements And Pharmacists’ Perceptions Of The Role Of Technicians, Courtney Hahs

Honors Theses

Pharmacy technicians play a crucial role in assisting pharmacists and allowing a pharmacy to function properly and provide care to patients. While technicians take on many tasks in a pharmacy, their role has started to evolve and expand. The first purpose of this study was to determine how states differ regarding the following pharmacy technician roles and requirements: whether or not technicians are licensed and/or certified, mandated technician-to-pharmacist ratio, whether or not technicians are allowed to take or give verbal prescriptions, verify filled prescriptions, and provide immunizations. The second purpose was to analyze how pharmacists across the United States viewed …

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Their Connection To Autoimmune Disease In Adulthood, Emma J. Molden

Honors Theses

Everyday in the United States, a child experiences a traumatic event. Autoimmune disease is one of the top two leading causes of death in the United States. Can these two horrifying events be connected? Autoimmune diseases currently affect millions of Americans and are considered an epidemic because of their prevalence within the adult population. Even with a high number of cases, this possible connection has been largely ignored and under researched for the history of modern medicine. However, two studies have begun to make the connection between adverse childhood experiences and how that affects the onset of autoimmune diseases in …

Healthy Food Accessibility In Rural Mississippi And Potential For A Corner Store Intervention, Anna Conner

Honors Theses

Some areas of the United States have poorer food environments than others. The Mississippi Delta has limited access to nutritious food, often relying on corner stores for sustenance. The impact of a poor diet can increase chronic disease prevalence, creating additional barriers to health and nutrition for Mississippians. The purpose of this study was to document and explore the rural food environment and discuss urban intervention studies in light of the current state of stores in the Delta. An adapted version of the Baltimore Healthy Kids survey and store impact questionnaire was used to record owner perceptions and food availability. …

Headache-Related Disability Among Individuals With And Without Migraine Aura, Delora Denney

Honors Theses

Migraine is a neurological disease marked by recurrent headache and migraine attacks. Migraine is one of the most common diseases in the world, and as a result of high prevalence and symptoms, migraine is also quite disabling. One-third of people who have migraine experience aura, and these individuals have a greater risk for stroke, psychiatric comorbidities, and suicide attempts. The present study aimed to evaluate if there was a difference in headache-related disability between those who have migraine with and without aura, and any headache or psychiatric factors that may account for observed difference in disability.

The present study is …

Hippocampal Connectivity In Parkinson's Disease, Landis Llewelyn

Honors Theses

Background: This thesis was conducted in order to investigate possible connections between functional connectivity of the hippocampus in individuals who have Parkinson’s disease.

Methods: The MRI images, the clinical data, and the demographic data of 93 individuals with PD and 18 individuals without PD were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative. Resting-state fMRI data from a group of PD patients was compared to a control group of non-PD patients by using previously published methods with FMRIB Software Library (FSL) as well as Analysis of Functional Neuroimages (AFNI).

Results: Compared to the control (non-PD) group, results bilaterally showed lesser connectivity …

Goals-Of-Care Course For Emergency Physicians During The Covid-19 Pandemic., Mari Siegel, Erica Westlake

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 increased the need for goals of care (GOC) discussions in the Emergency Department (ED). Many Emergency Physicians (EPs) report no formal training in holding GOC discussions. COVID-19 created unique teaching challenges given social distancing requirements.

METHODS

Eight teaching sessions were held using Zoom in March and April at an urban institution in the United States. Sessions were limited to 4-8 participants. They were comprised of a 30-minute lecture and 15 minutes of role-playing, in which providers read scripts to practice communication skills. The lecture introduced vocabulary and models to shape GOC discussions. Participants were invited to complete an …

Facilitators And Barriers To Healthy Eating Among American Indian And Alaska Native Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Stakeholder Perspectives, Sarah Stotz, Nertila Bregaj, Kelly Gonzales, Luciana E. Hebert, Kelly R. Moore

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related complications than non-AI/AN adults. As healthy eating is a cornerstone of diabetes self-management, nutrition education plays an important role in diabetes self-management education.

Objective: To understand stakeholder perspectives on facilitators and barriers to healthy eating for AI/AN adults with T2D in order to inform the cultural adaptation of an existing diabetes nutrition education curriculum.

Methods: Individual interviews were conducted with 9 national content experts in diabetes nutrition education (e.g. registered dietitians, diabetes educators, experts on AI/AN food insecurity) and 10 community-based …

Changes In Immune Activation During Pregnancy And The Postpartum Period In Treated Hiv Infection, Samuel R. Schnittman, Helen Byakwaga, Yap Boum Ii, Jerome Kabakyenga, Lynn T. Matthews, Tricia H. Burdo, Yong Huang, Russell P. Tracy, David Bangsberg, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background. Pregnant women with HIV (PWWH) have high postpartum morbidity and mortality from infections like tuberculosis. Immunologic changes during pregnancy and postpartum periods may contribute to these risks, particularly the immunoregulatory kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism, which contributes to both HIV and tuberculosis pathogenesis and increases in the early postpartum period. Methods. Women with HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Uganda AIDS Rural Treatment Outcomes (UARTO) cohort who were pregnant at enrollment or became pregnant during observation were studied (n = 54). Plasma kynurenine/tryptophan (KT) ratio, soluble CD14 (sCD14), sCD163, sCD27, interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), D-dimer, interleukin-6, and intestinal …

Rationalizing Academic Dishonesty And Its Effect On Nursing, Leah Salisbury

Honors Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of cheating in a bachelor’s degree nursing program and to determine if social normalization contributed to the increase. Three major sources for the increase in cheating were identified, and these are technological advances, lack of a specific cheating definition, and cultural socialization towards academic dishonesty (Wideman, 2011; DuPree and Sattler, 2010; Jones, 2011; Burrus, McGoldrick and Schuhmann, 2007). Studies showed a positive correlation between engagement in academic dishonesty and engagement in dishonest behaviors in nursing practice, which is the biggest concern for nursing programs (Krueger, 2014; Johnstone, 2016; McCrink, 2010). …

Communication Resources For Deaf Or Hard Of Hearing Children In Mississippi: Parents’ Perspectives, Julia Rossano

Honors Theses

A parent’s ability to communicate with their child through formative years may often be taken for granted, as the options for such communication seem intuitive and apparent. However, hearing parents of children with hearing loss must not only make a choice between several communication methods, but they must also navigate an environment where the methodologies are not clearly delineated. Blaiser and colleague provide succinct descriptions of the most common methods which can be chosen. These methods include listening and spoken language systems, manual-visual systems, and systems combining these two modalities (Blaiser & Bargen, 2018). This choice is often challenging because …

How Participation In Team V. Individual Sports Affects The Physical Activity Levels Of College Students, Kellie Jackson

Honors Theses

The present study investigated the association between team and individual sports participation and the physical activity levels of college students at the University of Southern Mississippi. Participants (n=72) responded to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to determine their physical activity levels over the duration of one week. Participants also responded to the Participation Motivation Questionnaire (PMQ) to examine the similarities and differences in motivation among current, former, and never athletes. Participants who classified themselves as current and former athletes reported spending more time engaged in physical activity than never athletes. Among current athletes, former athletes, and never athletes, all …

Adding Incapacity To Injury: A Case Of Trauma And Central Cord Syndrome, Christopher Bender, Jesse Powell

Providence Portland Medical Center Internal Medicine 2021

Introduction Central cord syndrome occurs with a lesion or soft tissue injury affecting the central anatomy of the spinal cord, causing weakness more prominent in the arms than legs, and sensory abnormalities at the level of the lesion. Here I present a case of central cord syndrome caused by a traumatic fall.

Case Patient A 71 year oldman with history of ESRD, CAD, CHF, and atrial fibrillation HPI Admitted to the hospital after a syncopalevent at home with traumatic falland subsequent development of weakness Exam Weakness was greater in the upper extremities than lower extremitiesand had a left sided predominance. …

The Poly(Adp-Ribosyl)Ation Of Brd4 Mediated By Parp1 Promoted Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy, Zhenzhen Li, Zhen Guo, Rui Lan, Sidong Cai, Zhirong Lin, Jingyan Li, Junjian Wang, Zhuoming Li, Peiqing Liu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family member BRD4 is pivotal in the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy. BRD4 induces hypertrophic gene expression by binding to the acetylated chromatin, facilitating the phosphorylation of RNA polymerases II (Pol II) and leading to transcription elongation. The present study identified a novel post-translational modification of BRD4: poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), that was mediated by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP1) in cardiac hypertrophy. BRD4 silencing or BET inhibitors JQ1 and MS417 prevented cardiac hypertrophic responses induced by isoproterenol (ISO), whereas overexpression of BRD4 promoted cardiac hypertrophy, confirming the critical role of BRD4 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. PARP1 was activated in ISO-induced …

The Role And Challenges Of Cluster Randomised Trials For Global Health, Louis Dron, Monica Taljaard, Yin Bun Cheung, Rebecca Grais, Nathan Ford, Kristian Thorlund, Fyezah Jehan, Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu, Denis Xavier, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Jay J H. Park, Edward J. Mills

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Evaluating whether an intervention works when trialled in groups of individuals can pose complex challenges for clinical research. Cluster randomised controlled trials involve the random allocation of groups or clusters of individuals to receive an intervention, and they are commonly used in global health research. In this paper, we describe the potential reasons for the increasing popularity of cluster trials in low-income and middle-income countries. We also draw on key areas of global health research for an assessment of common trial planning practices, and we address their methodological shortcomings and pitfalls. Lastly, we discuss alternative approaches for population-level intervention trials …

Relationship Of Utilization Of Mental Health Care In Patients With Substance Use Disorders With And Without History Of Prior Incarceration, Linda Zhang, Harrison Ross Galicki, Gerald Demasters, William B. Dehart

Psychiatry

No abstract provided.

Role Of Occupational Therapy In The Nicu And Post-Nicu Settings, Katlyn M. Schochenmaier

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

The purpose of this capstone experience was to gain advanced clinical experience and explore occupational therapy’s role in the NICU and post-NICU settings. Further focus of this capstone was on the feeding concerns and sensory development of infants following a NICU stay. This capstone project was completed at a Level IV NICU and an outpatient speech and occupational therapy clinic in a midwestern city. Theoretical models of Ayres’ Sensory Integration, Neonatal Integrative Developmental Care Model, and Biopsychosocial Model of Pediatric Feeding were used to develop and implement this capstone experience. A two-day continuing education course was completed prior to the …

Advocating For The Field Of Occupational Therapy In A Childcare Setting, Nicole K. Leinhart

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

Significant physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development occurs during the first five years of life; many children spend time in the childcare setting during this crucial time of development. Appropriately meeting the needs of children is important for healthy growth and development throughout an individual’s life. Working in collaboration with the childcare staff, occupational therapists are beneficial when working with the pediatric population. With their extensive knowledge, expertise, and training in human development, as well as the physiological, psychological, social, and emotional needs of individuals throughout the lifespan, occupational therapists improve the children’s engagement and success within a childcare setting. …

Supporting The Holistic Treatment Of Adults With Upper Extremity Injuries: Bridging The Gap Between The Clinic And Classroom, Stephanie W. Mcclung

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

Research continues to support the need for holistic and occupation-based treatment of patients with upper extremity (UE) injuries, therefore, occupational therapy students (OTS) would benefit from continued education supporting holistic hand therapy. Thus, the purpose of this capstone experience was to offer a capstone student with an opportunity to provide holistic hand therapy, explore and address barriers to delivering holistic therapy services, and following reflection, use the knowledge and skills gained through this experience to create supplemental educational materials to further peer education in holistic hand therapy. While providing direct patient care, the capstone student developed a better understanding of …

Empowering Occupational Therapy Practitioners Through Virtual Education On Seating And Wheeled Mobility, Jane A. Loscheider

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

Background and Purpose: Seating and wheeled mobility is a complex practice area with serious secondary complications if the client does not have an optimally configured seating and mobility device. Occupational therapists receive basic education on seating and wheeled mobility, but additional education is needed for best practice. The purpose of this project was to provide education for the occupational therapy practitioner and identify if a virtual seating and mobility course could improve their comfort level working with their clients who rely on a wheelchair for occupational engagement. Methods: A literature review and needs assessment submitted by 100 occupational therapy clinicians …

Virtual Reality And Its Impact As An Intervention On Meaningful Occupations For Individuals With Mental Health Diagnoses, Alison S. Benson

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

The purpose of this capstone project was to administer occupation-based and therapeutic interventions based on virtual reality and evaluate their impact on participation in meaningful occupations by individuals with mental health diagnoses. I completed this 14-week capstone experience at the Professional Rehabilitation Consultants, an outpatient occupational therapy mental health clinic in St. Paul, Minnesota. The interventions that I tested were administered using strategies from principles of the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO) and the Recovery Model. I created intervention modules based on published instructions on the use of VR equipment and information gathered from research on the VR applications. I …

The Physiological Effects Of Therapy Dogs During Exercise For Sedentary Adults, Josie Lynne Mazzone

All NMU Master's Theses

Previous research has shown therapy dogs may be utilized to attenuate heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) responses during various types of stressors due to an increase in oxytocin (OT) and decrease in cortisol (CL) production. These hormonal changes have also been shown to enhance exercise performance. Purpose: This study aimed to determine if physiological responses to exercise changed in the presence of a therapy dog for sedentary adults. Methods: Seven adult subjects (mean age of 30.86 ± 14.07 years) who self-reported less than 150 min of physical activity per week participated in a graded walking test with a …

Not Just Survive, But Thrive: Capitalising On The Silver Linings Of The Pandemic, Gerard George, Foo Hau Koh

Asian Management Insights

You may not realise it, but the boardroom Zoom call you took in your pyjama pants this morning was part of the new industrial revolution.

Technology And Sustainability: The New Business Playing Field, Havovi Joshi

Asian Management Insights

Two topics that have consistently cropped up in conversations among business leaders during the pandemic are technology, in the context of the pervasiveness and quickening pace of digital transformation, and sustainability, especially how we should be doing business without harming the environment and society. The collective belief is that both topics will continue to rise on the world’s agenda, reshaping entire industries while creating new ones. They have changed the way of doing business. So what does the new playbook look like?

Acute Care Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Of An 85-Year-Old Male With Three Lower Extremity Amputations: A Case Study, Ashley Bergerson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose. This case report describes the acute care management of an 85-year-old male with three consecutive lower extremity amputations and one associated revascularization procedure at attempt of limb salvage. The purpose of this report is to describe the effects of chronic conditions on various body systems and how they relate to physical therapy rehabilitation post-amputation since limited research is present in this area of physical therapy practice.

Case Description. The patient had a very extensive and complicated medical history which included type Il diabetes mellites, chronic kidney disease and peripheral artery disease. His primary goal was …

Physical Therapy Management Of Suboccipital Trigger Points And Upper Trapezius Tightness With Associated Migraines And Neck Pain., Mary A. Haman

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Introduction. Affecting roughly 1 out of every 6 Americans, migraines are the eighth-highest specific cause of disability worldwide. The purpose of this case study is to discuss and review the role of physical therapy treatment on migraine symptoms. In evaluating the case of a female with suboccipital trigger points and upper trapezius tightness with associated migraines, neck, and shoulder pain, it will be detennined if physical therapy intervention can improve migraine symptoms along with improvement of cervical musculoskeletal impairment, and if so, what treatment methods are most effective.

Case Description. Patient is a 62 year old female who …

Bilateral Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome And The Effects Of Physical Therapy In The Outpatient Setting: A Case Study, Paige Mriden

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is characterized by musculoskeletal-related knee pain localized to the anterior retropatellar and/or peripatellar area of the knee. This case study describes the physical therapy management of bilateral PFPS. The results can be used to understand examination, evaluation, and interventions to treat PFPS.

Case Description: The patient was a 76-year-old female that reported progressive pain in both knees. She demonstrated weak hip abductors and extensors, tenderness upon palpation to bilateral pes anserine, bilateral ITB, and bilateral medial joint line with increased lateral tibial torsion on the left and a positive Hamstring 90-90 test. …

Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy And Physical Therapy Management In Acute Care: A Case Study, Kaley Stotz

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) is the most prevalent variation of Guillain-Barre Syndrome. It is a neurological disorder in which the immune system attacks the peripheral nervous system resulting in demyelination and subsequent ineffective nerve transmission. Currently there is a lack of evidence supporting the most effective early physical therapy treatment interventions.

Purpose. The purpose of this case study is to present the early physical therapy intervention provided in the acute care setting for a patient with AIDP.

Description. This case study describes a five-day inpatient physical therapy management of a 37-year-old male who was diagnosed …

Outpatient Pt Management Of Patient With Left Shoulder Calcific Tendinitis, Austin Stueve

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: This case report describes a 5 week outpatient trial of conservative management of calcific tendinitis of the left shoulder. The patient presented with limited, left shoulder ROM, strength, glenohumeral joint restriction, pain with shoulder plane motions, and shoulder point tenderness. The purpose of this case report is to describe the interventions used for this patient and the outcomes of following the interventions used.

Description. The treatment of this patient included ROM exercises, rotator cuff strengthening exercises, manual therapy, iontophoresis, and ultrasound Outcomes.

Following PT intervention, the patient achieved minimal improvements in ROM, strength, and …

Chronic Low Back Pain With Possible Si Involvement And Weak Abdominals: A Case Study, Stacy Remer

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Chronic, non-specific low back pain is highly prevalent and is a cause for a large proportion of medical expenses along with many people’s pain and disability. This case report presents a variety of interventions implemented for a patient with low back pain and her reaction to therapy.

Case Description: The case study presents a 42 y/o mother to three children. Her pain began about two years ago and has been persistent throughout that time. She has tried many different forms of treatment through medical physicians, physical therapy, and massage therapy but nothing has had long-term relief of …