Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Considerations For Implementing Precision Therapeutics For Children., Matthew J. Mclaughlin, Jonathan B. Wagner, Valentina Shakhnovich, Bruce Carleton, J Steven Leeder

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Improving the utilization of pharmacologic agents in the pediatric population yields significant, perhaps life-long, benefits. Genetic factors related to the disposition of a medication or an alteration at the target receptor site contributes to the observed variability of exposure and response between individuals. An additional source of this variability specific to the pediatric population is ontogeny, where age-specific changes during development may require dose adjustments to obtain the same levels of drug exposure and response. With significant improvements in characterizing both the ontogeny and genetic contributions of drug metabolizing enzymes, the time is right to begin placing more emphasis on …

Wave 2 Strains Of Atypical Vibrio Cholerae El Tor Caused The 2009-2011 Cholera Outbreak In Papua New Guinea, Andrew R. Greenhill, Ankur Mutreja, Dieter Bulach, Matthew J. Belousoff, Marinjho H. Jonduo, Deirdre A. Collins, Monalisa P. Kas, Johanna Wapling, Torsten Seemann, Alice Lafana, Gordon Dougan, Mark V. Brown, Paul F. Horwood

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera, a globally important human disease for at least 200 years. In 2009-2011, the first recorded cholera outbreak in Papua New Guinea (PNG) occurred. We conducted genetic and phenotypic characterization of 21 isolates of V. cholerae, with whole-genome sequencing conducted on 2 representative isolates. The PNG outbreak was caused by an atypical El Tor strain harbouring a tandem repeat of the CTX prophage on chromosome II. Whole-genome sequence data, prophage structural analysis and the absence of the SXT integrative conjugative element was indicative that the PNG isolates were most closely related to strains …

New Synthetic Cannabinoids Metabolism And Strategies To Best Identify Optimal Marker Metabolites., Xingxing Diao, Marilyn A. Huestis

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) were initially developed as pharmacological tools to probe the endocannabinoid system and as novel pharmacotherapies, but are now highly abused. This is a serious public health and social problem throughout the world and it is highly challenging to identify which SC was consumed by the drug abusers, a necessary step to tie adverse health effects to the new drug's toxicity. Two intrinsic properties complicate SC identification, their often rapid and extensive metabolism, and their generally high potency relative to the natural psychoactive Δ ⁹ -tetrahydrocannabinol in cannabis. Additional challenges are the lack of reference standards for the …

Fall Risk Classification In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Validation Of Promis-Pf And Performance-Based Outcomes, Courtney Hanks, Elizabeth Pacol, Becca Tinker, Makenzi Wagner, Liz Weideman, Hannah Williamson, Cindy Zablotny, Theresa Raudsepp, Jeff Houck

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Purpose: To validate the use of the PROMIS-PF in its ability to screen and classify fall risk in Strong For Life exercise participants consistent with STEADI and FES-I classification

The Effects Of Haptic Feedback On Postural Sway, Andrew J. Meszaros, Brandon Crumpacker, Marc Gendelman, Peter Martin, Levi Vantol, Pierre Zook

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Purpose: Effectiveness of haptic feedback on reducing postural sway

Hypothesis: Haptic input improves static standing stability. Individuals with increased variability in sway may have an increased risk for falls. Therefore, our haptic feedback device may have the ability to reduce risk of falling.

Postural control is a dynamic system involving vision, vestibular system, proprioception, and musculoskeletal system. Postural control enables people to maintain their balance, reduce their sway, and keep an upright posture.

Haptic feedback is tactile or vibratory cues that assist a subject in determining where they are in space.

Sit-To-Stand Symmetry, Andrew J. Meszaros, Nick Gammie, April Nichols, Warren Ocano, Mitchell Prunk, Montana Rhoden, Bill Walters

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Asymmetric sit-to-stand (STS) and static standing mechanics may be related to fall risk and function after hip fracture. Even in those individuals who achieve an independent status in rising from STS, asymmetric movement strategies are frequently adopted. Previous research has revealed that the asymmetry is not fully explained by strength deficits alone. Stroke literature suggests that STS asymmetry is a function of perceptual deficits, such as sense of effort, however, this concept has not yet been explored following a hip fracture.

Validation Of The Paper Pull Test For 1st Metatarsophalangeal Strength In Patients With Hallux Valgus And Healthy Controls, Jeff Houck, Marcey Keefer Hutchison, Ian Hockett, Cody Cataldo-Gillman, Jamie Kahn, Geoffrey Kunita

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Purpose: Explore the validity of the paper pull test (PPT) intrinsic muscle function.

Effect Of A One-Time Cognitive Functional Therapy Intervention In Patients With Moderate To High Risk Of Chronic Low Back Pain: Case Series Study, Tracy Broyles, Emily Stein, Talisa Swanson, Rusne Kuzmickas, Jeff Houck, Daniel Kang, Li-Zandre Philbrook

Student-Faculty Research - College of Physical Therapy

Can an early confrontation of patients’ fear and beliefs about low back pain lead to better outcomes?

Hypothesis: A one-time treatment geared toward confronting fear and negative pain beliefs will result in reduced pain interference and fatigue, and increased physical function and self-efficacy, as well as guide patients from fear avoidance behavior to active life participation.

A Value Analysis Of Microsurgical Lower Extremity Reconstruction Vs. Acellular Urinary Bladder Matrix (Ubm) For Radiation Wounds Of The Lower Extremity, Christopher J. Micallef, Jamie N. Johnson, R. Michael Johnson

Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Publications

In the USA, external beam radiation is offered to patients as an alternative to surgery for non-melanoma skin cancers. While this technique may be useful in highly specific patient populations, recalcitrant chronic radiation wounds can result. These complex wounds ultimately may require major reconstructive surgery to achieve closure. Porcine urinary bladder matrix (UBM) may be effective in the treatment of radiation wounds and eliminating the need for vascularized tissue transfers. A case report of an elderly male with bilateral radiation wounds of the lower extremity, one extremity treated with free flap reconstruction and the other with porcine urinary bladder matrix, …

An Iterative Process For Training Design And Implementation Increased Health Workers' Knowledge For Taking Nutrition Behavior Change To Scale, Wendy Gonzalez, Anabelle Bonvecchio Arenas, Armando García-Guerra, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Alejandría Villa De La Vega, Laura Quezada, Cynthia Rosas, Ana Lilia Lozada-Tequeanes, Amira Hernández

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

The shortage of skilled, motivated, and well-supported health workers is a major barrier to scaling up nutrition interventions and services. Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the process for developing and implementing a training of health personnel for the delivery of the Integrated Strategy for Attention to Nutrition (EsIAN), an evidence-based strategy for promoting infant and young child feeding through primary health care in Mexico. The specific objective is to provide a case study and highlight challenges, as well as elements to successfully mitigate these, and discuss potential applications of findings beyond the Mexican context. Methods: The …

Neck Movement During Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Injections And The Position Of The Vertebral Artery: An Anatomical Study., Juan J Altafulla, Emre Yilmaz, Stefan Lachkar, Joe Iwanaga, Jacob Peacock, Zachary Litvack, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections (CTFESIs) are sometimes performed in patients with cervical radiculopathy secondary to nerve-root compression. Neck movements for patient positioning may include rotation, flexion, and extension. As physicians performing such procedures do not move the neck for fear of injuring the vertebral artery, we performed fluoroscopy and cadaveric dissection to analyze any movement of the vertebral artery during head movement and its relation to the foramina in the setting of CTFESI.

Purpose: To determine cervical rotational positioning for optimized vertebral artery location in the setting of cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections.

Material and Methods: Four sides …

Joint Association Of Urinary Sodium And Potassium Excretion With Cardiovascular Events And Mortality: Prospective Cohort Study, Martin O'Donnell, Andrew Mente, Sumathy Rangarajan, Matthew J. Mcqueen, Neil O'Leary, Lu Yin, Xiaoyun Liu, Sumathi Swaminathan, Rasha Khatib, Romaina Iqbal

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To evaluate the joint association of sodium and potassium urinary excretion (as surrogate measures of intake) with cardiovascular events and mortality, in the context of current World Health Organization recommendations for daily intake (<2.0 g sodium, >3.5 g potassium) in adults.
Design: International prospective cohort study.
Setting: 18 high, middle, and low income countries, sampled from urban and rural communities.
Participants: 103 570 people who provided morning fasting urine samples.
Main outcome measures: Association of estimated 24 hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion (surrogates for intake) with all cause mortality and major cardiovascular events, using multivariable Cox regression. A six category …

The Lived Experiences Of Parenting Children With Food Allergies: A Phenomenological Study, Anne Zavell

Dissertations

This phenomenological study focuses on five mothers' experiences of the phenomenon of living with a diagnosed food allergy in the family. Attention is given to the contexts or situations that have typically influenced or affected their experiences, including the impact of the diagnoses, travel and restaurants, friendships, sibling relationships, and anxiety. There is a major emphasis on these mothers' experiences advocating for the needs of their children in schools, including their strategies, concerns, and frustrations. Policies related to food allergies are reviewed from the contemporary and historical perspectives, with recommendations for policy change. The lived experiences of food allergy mothers …

Enhancement Of Viable Adipose-Derived Stem Cells In Lipoaspirate By Buffering Tumescent With Sodium Bicarbonate, Ashish Francis Md, Wei Z. Wang Md, Joshua J. Goldman Md, Xin-Hua Fang Mt, Shelley J. Williams Ms, Richard C. Baynosa Md; Facs

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Fat grafting is a growing field within plastic surgery. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and stromal vascular fracture (SVF) may have a role in fat graft survival. Our group previously demonstrated a detrimental effect on ASC survival by the lidocaine used in tumescent solution. Sodium bicarbonate (SB) buffers the acidity of lidocaine. The purpose of this study was to determine whether SB buffering is a practical method to reduce ASC and SVF apoptosis and necrosis seen with common lidocaine-containing tumescent solution. Methods: Human patients undergoing bilateral liposuction for any indication were included in this study. An internally controlled, split-body design …

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (Pres) Presenting As Transient Complete Visual Loss, Nismat Javed, Sohail Naseem, Mohammad Amer Awan, Shahzad Khan Siddique, Arsalan Ahmad

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Application Of Epley Maneuver In Treating Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Bppv), Nasir Yaqoob, Arif Herekar

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Cognitive And Brain Plasticity By Performing Small Scale Brain Activities In Youth, Sonya Arshad, Muhammad Nisar, Mushkbar Fatima, Sadaf Ahmed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Is playing video game really a waste of time? No…!!! It’s merely a simple way of making the brain physiology better, smarter and faster. Great quality games, which are testing, enlightening, and retaining, can make learning charming and compelling. Studies have shown that people who are engaged in playing video games have more grey matter in their brains which results in boosting up their cognitive skills.

Antioxidative Activity Of Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) Oil Administration In Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (Mcao) Models Of Acute Focal Cerebral Ischemia, Hira Jawed, Mufzala Shamim, Sumera Sohail, Uzma Firdous, Nazish Iqbal Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Stroke is a multifactorial neurological deficit syndrome. Oxidative stress is the principal underlying pathophysiological mechanism of ischemic stroke associated with neuronal damage and neuroinflammation.

Allergen Sensitization And Asthma Outcomes Among World Trade Center Rescue And Recovery Workers, Belen Rojano, Erin West, Emily Federmann, Steven Markowitz, Denise Harrison, Laura Crowley, Paula Busse, Alex D. Federman, Juan P. Wisnivesky

Publications and Research

A large number of World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers are affected by asthma. While physical and mental health comorbidities have been associated with poor asthma control in this population, the potential role of allergen sensitization is unknown. This study examined the association of indoor sensitization and exposure as a risk factor for increased asthma morbidity in WTC workers. We used data from a prospective cohort of 331 WTC workers with asthma. Sensitization to indoor allergens was assessed by measurement of antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. We used validated tools to evaluate the exposure to indoor allergens. …

Role Of High-Sensitivity Troponin T As A Sensitive Biomarker For Postoperative Myocardial Infarction And Outcome After Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery, Ahmed A. Faragalla, Mamdouh Maher, Rasha H. Mohammed, Wael El-Hakeem, Wael M. Hosam

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Uncertainty exists about the diagnosis of post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) Perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) owing to nonconsensus for elevated biomarkers diagnostic levels and associated criteria. Post-CABG studies concerning high-sensitivity troponin (hs-TnT) and its role in the diagnosis of postoperative MI are few. Aim We are aiming to figure out the diagnostic and prognostic role of hs-TnT in individuals undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery and whether it has relations to other diagnostic criteria. Patients and methods A total of 50 patients with multivessel coronary artery disease who elected for isolated CABG were enrolled in the study. Our …

03-05-2019 Hsc Committee Agenda, Hsc Committee

HSC Committee (A subcommittee of the UNM Board of Regents)

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Microplates For Fixation Of Mandibular Fractures: A Systematic Review, Magdy M. Zaky, Mohamed F. Shehab, Nabila A. Fayed, Usama S. Hellal

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Microplates have thin diameter making them less palpable, more malleable, easily applied, and adaptable to fracture site. In the past, microplates were used in midface fractures only, but we can obtain their benefits in mandibular fractures as well. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to verify the efficiency of microplates either alone or in combination with miniplates for fixation of mandibular fractures in comparison with miniplates. Materials and methods A systematic review was conducted using electronic databases for collecting articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted from each article, and the quality of …

Role Of Sclerostin, Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, And Klotho In Hemodialysis Patients, Ahmed Hassan, Azza A. I. Elmenyawi

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder leads to decreasing bone health. Sclerostin is produced by osteocytes similar to fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and might upregulate the FGF-23 production by the osteocyte. FGF-23 may act as a mineralization inhibitor. Klotho serves as an obligate coreceptor for the FGF-23 and represents a marker of chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder. Aim We examined the association between serum sclerostin, FGF-23, Klotho, parathyroid hormone, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and phosphorus levels in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Patients and methods A total of 63 HD patients in the National Institute of Urology and Nephrology and 20 controls …

Effect Of Different Doses Of Low-Intensity Laser Therapy On Total Active Range Of Motion After Hand Flexor Tendon Repair, Amir A. Saidi, Amir N. Wadee, Eid R. Abd El Azim, Feify A. Badawy, Osama F. Al Balah, Wadida H. Elsayed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective To investigate the difference between the effects of different doses of low-level laser therapy (4 or 1 J/cm²) on the return of hand active range of motion (ROM) after flexor tendon repair. Participants and methods A small trial was conducted on 33 patients with 45 injured fingers of both sexes who underwent primary repair after complete cut of hand flexor tendon. Their age ranged from 20 to 40 years old. They were recruited from the plastic surgery department. The treatment began the first day postoperatively after permission by surgeons using Duran protocol and splinting. Transcutaneous electrical nerve …

Endoscopic Treatment Of Acute Gastric Variceal Bleeding In Patients With Cirrhosis Using Isoamyl-2-Cyanoacrylate, El Saied E. Shabaan, Tarek A. Fouad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Context Gastric variceal (GV) bleeding is a serious complication in patients with cirrhosis, as it is usually severe with high rate of mortality and rebleeding. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic therapy with isoamyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Amcrylate) in patients with cirrhosis with GV (gastroesophageal varices type 2 and isolated gastric varices type 1) bleeding. Patients and methods We prospectively studied 34 patients with cirrhosis with bleeding GV who were treated with intravariceal injection of isoamyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Amcrylate). Statistical method Data were expressed as the mean ± SD or as number (%) for numerical variables. …

Relationship Between Dietary Intake And Obesity Among A Group Of Primary School-Aged Children In Cairo Governorate, Ahmed S. Marei, Hany H. El-Gazzar, Khaled Elkelany, Mohamed F. Al Soda, Saher A. Khairy, Salwa M. Saleh, Mahmood D. Al-Mendalawi

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

No abstract provided.

Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin In Prevention Of Postpartum Hemorrhage In Late Preterm Twin Pregnancy Following Cesarean Section: A Prospective Clinical Study, Ashraf M. Kansouh, Mohamed A. El Naggar

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The objective of this study was to compare effectiveness and safety of carbetocin versus oxytocin infusion in prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in women with late preterm twin pregnancy undergoing cesarean section. Patients and methods A prospective clinical study was conducted from June 2014 to August 2015 in Shibin El-Kom and Benha Teaching Hospitals in Egypt that enrolled 175 women with late preterm twin pregnancy undergoing cesarean section. Carbetocin group (n = 90) as a single intravenous bolus was compared with oxytocin (n = 85) 10 IU as six infusions as soon as the second twin was …

Significance Of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression In The Ectopic Endometrial Tissue Of Women With Endometriosis, Abd Elatif M. Elbalshy, Ashraf M. Kansouh, Samar E. Ghanem

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Degradation of the extracellular matrix is a basic step in the formation of endometriosis. The extracellular matrix degradation operated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) Because matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are essential in orchestrating proper physiological functioning of the endometrium. MMP-9 is affected by many factors such as prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 1β, interferon-γ, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase. Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate MMP-9 forms in the ectopic and eutopic endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis. Patients and methods The study was carried upon 56 patients. Patients were divided into two groups (study …

Key Role Of Inferior Turbinectomy And Partial Middle Turbinectomy In Endoscopic Surgery For Allergic Fungal Sinusitis: A Comparative Study, Ahmad Mostafa, Essam Fatehy, Mohammad M. Gaballah, Wael A. Alzamil

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Proper eradication of allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) depends on three factors: first is proper preoperative evaluation and mapping via computed tomography and MRI. Second is the availability of adequate surgical tools in experienced hands. Third is the proper postoperative endoscopic follow-up to detect and remove recurrence if possible. Aim To evaluate the role of inferior turbinectomy (IT) and partial middle turbinectomy (PMT) in patients with AFS managed by endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for the prevention of recurrence and adequate management of residual disease (postoperative salvage). Patients and methods A prospective, comparative, randomized study conducted from March 2016 to April …

Intestinal Obstruction Caused By Gangrenous Meckel's Diverticulum Encircling Terminal Ileum: A Case Report With Emphasis On Image Findings, Ahmed Abdel-Hady, Muhammad Maghawri, Shadi R. M. Abdelrahman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Mickel's diverticulum is considered the most prevalent congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. here, we report a rare occurrence where a gangrenous Mickel's diverticulum formed a loop with a part of small bowel herniated through causing bowel obstruction requiring bowel resection, in a 17-year-old patient.