Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Medical Doctors' Offline Computer-Assisted Digital Education: Systematic Review By The Digital Health Education Collaboration, Hayfaa Abdelmageed Wahabi, Samia Ahmed Esmaeil, Khawater Hassan Bahkali, Maher Abdelraheim Titi, Yasser Sami Amer, Amel Ahmed Fayed, Amr Jamal, Nasriah Zakaria, Amna Rehana Siddiqui, Monika Semwal

Community Health Sciences

Background: The widening gap between innovations in the medical field and the dissemination of such information to doctors may affect the quality of care. Offline computer-based digital education (OCDE) may be a potential solution to overcoming the geographical, financial, and temporal obstacles faced by doctors.
Objective: The objectives of this systematic review were to evaluate the effectiveness of OCDE compared with face-to-face learning, no intervention, or other types of digital learning for improving medical doctors' knowledge, cognitive skills, and patient-related outcomes. Secondary objectives were to assess the cost-effectiveness (CE) of OCDE and any adverse effects.
Methods: We searched major bibliographic …

Rohima, Rohima, Tsos

TSOS Interview Gallery

Rohima was brutally raped and tortured by soldiers during an attack. After witnessing other women receive the same treatment, she fled Myanmar for Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Once there, she got married while pregnant as a result of the rape.

A Pilot Study Identifying Brain-Targeting Adaptive Immunity In Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients With Acquired Brain Injury, Sterling B. Ortega, Poornima Pandiyan, Jana Windsor, Vanessa O. Torres, Uma M. Selvaraj, Amy Lee, Michael Morriss, Fenghua Tian, Lakshmi Raman, Ann M. Stowe

Neurology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation provides short-term cardiopulmonary life support, but is associated with peripheral innate inflammation, disruptions in cerebral autoregulation, and acquired brain injury. We tested the hypothesis that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation also induces CNS-directed adaptive immune responses which may exacerbate extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-associated brain injury.

DESIGN: A single center prospective observational study.

SETTING: Pediatric and cardiac ICUs at a single tertiary care, academic center.

PATIENTS: Twenty pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients (0-14 yr; 13 females, 7 males) and five nonextracorporeal membrane oxygenation Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction score matched patients.

INTERVENTIONS: None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Venous blood samples were …

Efficacy Of Predefined Homoeopathic Medicines In The Treatment Of Warts: Study Protocol Of Double Blind Randomised Placebo Controlled Trial, Central Council For Research In Homoeopathy Ccrh

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background and Objectives: The literature cites a large number of homoeopathic medicines for the treatment of warts. Studies on warts are based on experiences of individual practitioners and do not give specific factors, which are responsible for making a successful prescription for the treatment of warts. The present study was designed as a multicentric randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate response to homoeopathic treatment for the disappearance or resolution of warts and to validate the symptoms of the pre-identified 09 drugs (Antimonium crudum, Calcarea carbonicum, Causticum, Dulcamara, Natrum muriaticum, Nitric acidicum, Ruta graveolens, Sulphur and Thuja occidentalis) on clinical outcome …

Role Of Homoeopathic Medicine In The Treatment Of Infantile Haemangioma, Md Shaikh

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Infantile haemangioma is a benign vascular tumour of childhood, characterised by endothelial cell proliferation. It usually develops shortly after birth and grows most rapidly over the first 6 months. However, it may keep growing for up to 12–18 months. After that, it undergoes regression or involution, and 50% of all infantile haemangiomas have completed involution by the age of 5 years, 70% by the age of 7 years and 90% by the age of 9–12 years. However, in a small percentage of patients in whom haemangioma is not disappearing completely, residual fatty tissue or superficial skin telangiectasias remains. These patients …

Dr Paras Nath Varma, Daisy Katarmal

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Dr. P. N. Varma, the ‘Grandmaster’ of Homoeopathy, left for his heavenly abode on 5th November 2018. The entire homoeopathic fraternity pays tributes to the legendary homeopath. Dr. P.N. Varma has made unique contributions to the homoeopathic manufacturing industry and scientific homoeopathy.

Cime Newsletter : February 2019, Cime

Centre for Innovation in Medical Education (CIME) Archives

-Programmed to Deliver
-Interviewing a mental health client: A ‘How To’ workshop for nurses
-The Basics of Critical Care made interactive through simulation
-A Critical Care Toolkit for Nursing Students
-Managing Medical Emergencies in the Dental Chair
-Celebrating CIME’s Culture Day – any excuse to get dressed up!

The Use Of Big Data By Managed Care Organizations, Bojing Wang, Xiaoying Liu, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Big data have become available in all kinds of healthcare organizations. The application of big data analytics in Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) has the potential to improve health care, lower costs, save lives, and help to make better-informed decisions. The study illustrated the implication of big data in MCOs. Big data can help MCOs reduce patients’ relevance, analyze specific diseases such as asthma and diabetes. Big data also could help MCOs to reduce cost after collecting data and determined the specific patients’ situation. The implication of big data has benefited MCOs in reducing costs, improving the quality of healthcare care. …

Ripk1 Can Mediate Apoptosis In Addition To Necroptosis During Embryonic Development., Xuhua Zhang, John P. Dowling, Jianke Zhang

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

RIPK1 has emerged as a key effector in programmed necrosis or necroptosis. This function of RIPK1 is mediated by its protein serine/threonine kinase activity and through the downstream kinase RIPK3. Deletion of RIPK1 prevents embryonic lethality in mice lacking FADD, a signaling adaptor protein required for activation of Caspase 8 in extrinsic apoptotic pathways. This indicates that FADD-mediated apoptosis inhibits RIPK1-dependent necroptosis to ensure successful embryogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism for this critical regulation remains unclear. In the current study, a novel mouse model has been generated, by disrupting a potential caspase cleavage site at aspartic residue (D)324 in RIPK1. …

Evaluation Of Zinc, Copper And Cu/Zn Ratio In Sera Of Women With Breast Cancer In Kirkuk City, Ali Yakub Majid, Usama Salman Altimari, Lubna Hussein Murshed

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was evaluating Zinc, Copper and Cu/Zn ratio in sera of women with breast cancer (BC) in Kirkuk City. The study involved 60 breast cancer women (20 on chemotherapy, 20 pre-operation, and 20 post-operation) and 20 women with benign breast tumors (BBT) as a disease control, all compared to 20 apparently healthy control women. Serum used to evaluate the levels of zinc and copper in control and patient groups, Cu/Zn ratio was also calculated. The results showed a highly significant (P<0.01) reduction in the mean serum zinc level of the total BC group (77.65 ± 8.49 µg/dl) and in its subgroups (on chemotherapy, pre- and post-operation) (78.85 ± 5.26; 72.8 ± 10.08; 81.3 ± 7.37 µg/dl) respectively and in benign breast tumor (82.55 ± 4.9 µg/dl), compared to that of healthy control (HC) group (93.55 ± 12.88 µg/dl ).While a highly significant (P<0.01) elevation of mean serum copper concentration was found in total BC (150.92 ± 14.78 µg/dl) and in (Chemotherapy, Pre & Post-operation ) breast cancer subgroups (148.65 ± 13.16, 154.9 ± 15.16, 149.2 ± 15.39 µg/dl) respectively, and in BBT (148.45±16.57 µg/dl) compared to HC (122.5 ± 13.33 µg/dl). In addition to a highly significant elevation in the mean serum Cu/Zn ratio in the total BC group (1.96 ± 0.36) and in breast cancer patients on Chemotherapy, Pre-operation and Post-operation (1.88 ± 0.19), (2.17 ± 0.52), (1.83 ± 0.13) respectively and in benign breast tumor (1.79 ± 0.22) compared to that of the HC group (1.32 ± 0.21) (p< 0.01). It is concluded from this study that the elevation of copper and Cu/Zn ratio may indicate increased oxidative stress in breast cancer which implicated in the etiology of breast cancer

The Role Of Selenium Trace Element In Iraqi Patients With Prostate Tumors, Hussein Salam, Abdulameer Jasim Mohameed, Zena Abdulameer

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

To study and evaluate the effect of selenium and its relationship with prostate tumors, one hundred samples were taken for the study, including 60 patients with prostate cancer and 40 healthy subjects from Iraqi men. The levels of the serum selenium were measured in the samples of infected men with prostate tumor and healthy subjects, after the samples were drawn from the study cases. Flameless Atomic Absorption used for measuring. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS. Also prostate specific antegene (PSA) was measured as an indicator of prostate tumor. The results showed that there was a significant difference between …

Reduction Of Wear Effect For Copper- Silicon Alloy By Laser Treatment, Sajid H. Alwan

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Copper- silicon alloy was prepared by CNC machining into disc shapes with diameter 18mm and thickness of 3mm using CNC machine to obtain more accuracy dimensions .Grinding and polishing process were carried out for all samples, and conducted to Nd-YAG laser treatment. Laser conditions involved laser fluency of 500mJ, wavelength of 1064nm, and different number of laser pulses (20, 40 and 60 pulses). The samples were subjected to wear system measurements before and after laser treatment to calculate the wear rate with different situations. The results revealed that the wear rate was reduced by 15% after laser treatment

Impact Of Co-Administration Of Vitamin C And Calcium Chloride On Kidneys Function Of Adult Male Rats Treated With Sodium Fluoride, Sumayah Faruq Kasim, Jassim M.A. Alkalby

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study was carried out to investigate the role of both Vitamin C and calcium chloride in protection against the deterioration effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) exposure on kidney function .Fifty adult male rats were used, which divided randomly into five equal groups, the first group: The animals of this group served as control group administrated distilled water orally by gavage. Second group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) orally by gavage. Third group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) + Calcium Chloride (20mg/kg.bw/day) orally by gavage. Fourth group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) + Vitamin C (100mg/kg.bw/day) was given orally by gavage. Fifth group: administrated NaF (5.2mg/kg.bw/day) …

Assay White Blood Cell Differential Count In Group Of Iraqi Patients' Child With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus2019, La.Huda Farhan

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study was included (76) subjects, (46) child with diabetic patients, and (30) of them were healthy child considered as a control group. The average age of those children were (3- 13) years. All the samples were collected from the Yarmok hospital in Baghdad. The period between August 2014 to December 2015. All samples were estimated by Complete Blood Picture (CBP) by manual procedure and used whole blood, and Fasting Serum Glucose (FSG) estimated by enzymatic method. The study showed that the age group (9-11) is the most among the group of children with diabetes type I. Serum sugar level …

Study Of Hla-Class Ii Serotyping And Cellular Immunity Cd4+T, Cd8+T Cells In Iraqi Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Hanaa N. Abdullah, Amina N. Al-Thuwani, Mohammed Ibrahim Nadir

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Rheumatoid arthritis is a complex polygenic disease whose environmental and genetic factors contribute to both of the predisposition and developing of disease. The current study was conducted to determine the frequency of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR, -DQ) and correlate to this variation with disease severity and detected on the role of cellular immune response in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. Fifty blood samples were collected from RA patients and 50 healthy control group with no history of inflammatory arthritis. The HLA class II (DR, DQ) estimated serologically by using micro lymphocytotoxicity test. The result indicated that a highly significant frequencies of …

Study The Possible Seropositivity Connection Of Ebv, Rubella Virus & Cmv Infection With Four Groups Of Autoimmune Diseases In Sample Of Iraqi Patient, Jasim M. Muhsin

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Autoimmune diseases are complex and happens when the human immune system attacks tissue host for unknown etiology or maybe by some other genetic cofactors or environmental agents (mainly viral particles, bacterial and other infectious agents; by acting as a major cofactors and serving as important initiators in the disease progression for a specific autoimmune sickness and not causing illness on their own) or even as complications or opportunistic infections associated with the disease. The present study aimed to: (I) study the linking of certain infectious viral agents with human autoimmune diseases. (II) Determine possible roles of some studied clinico-pathological factors …

Clinical Study Of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Among Iraqi Patients, Mohammed Abed Jawad, Batool A. Al-Haidary, Mohammed H. Al-Osami

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Fifty-three CFS patients were enrolled in this study to clarify the main clinical features which shed light on this syndrome and how to discriminate between it and other disorders. Several parameters had been investigated and the results were compared with 35 apparently healthy control volunteers group. The current results revealed that there was highly significant difference between CFS in comparison with control group in main clinical symptoms particularly impaired concentration or temporary loss of memory, headache & generalized fatigue of new types in addition to, unrefreshing sleep and muscle pain (P= <0.001). The present results showed that CFS incidence was higher among females than males who are at age group (20-40) years. Furthermore, majority of CFS patients were over-weight (i.e. BMI =25.9 Kg/m2 ). Women showed higher severity of symptoms than men, particularly obese ones. Finally, it could be concluded that the neuropathy (i.e. cognition) is the main distinct symptom beside unrefreshing sleep made the stock of parameters that differentiate CFS from healthy individuals.

Chinese College Students' Health Information Seeking Behavior: Implications For Academic Libraries, Yanxia Shi, Lili Luo

Faculty Publications

In 2016, Zexi Wei, a 21-year old Chinese college student died after receiving experimental treatment for synovial sarcoma at the Second Hospital of the Beijing Armed Police Corps. He learned about this treatment from a promoted result on the Chinese search engine Baidu (the equivalent of Google in China), and ultimately discovered that the hospital had misled patients by providing fraudulent information about the treatment's success rate. Wei's death prompted Chinese regulators to investigate Baidu's advertising practices, and drew widespread attention from the public about the ill-regulated practices of online dissemination of health information. As academic librarians, this tragic incident …

Bridging The Gap: Supporting Transition-Age Youth Living With Mental Health Conditions, Oreoluwa Dasylva, Abbie Ensrud, Brittany Kruse, Cindy Schulz

Master of Social Work Student Policy Advocacy Briefs

The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a crucial time in a person’s life. For young people living with mental health conditions, becoming an independent, well-functioning, and productive adult can be especially challenging. It is imperative that supports be put in place to ensure transition-age youth have a smooth passage from child to adult mental health services. Nearly half of all life-long diagnosable conditions present by age 14. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) finds the co-occurrence of serious illnesses and substance use disorders exist among transition-age youth more than any other developmental age. When left untreated, …

A Case Study Exploring The Role Of Faculty In Providing Academic Support To First- And Second-Year Medical Students, Deborah Fawn West

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this instrumental case study is to understand what role faculty play in providing academic support to first- and second-year medical students at an osteopathic medical college in the United States. Academic support is defined as instructional methods or educational services provided to students in an effort to help them meet learning standards, The theory guiding this study is andragogy, developed by Malcolm Knowles (1913- 1997), as faculty’s beliefs about the needs of adult learners may affect how they provide academic support to students demonstrating poor academic performance. One central question and three sub-questions guided this study. The …

Addressing Health Literacy And Collaboration In Mobile Clinics Utilizing Teach-Back Methodology And Healthcare Provider Training, Mark Robert Drye

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Focused healthcare provider teaching was used to increase health literacy sensitive care and to improve interdisciplinary collaboration between providers in a mobile clinic setting that serves significantly underserved and socioeconomically challenged populations. The teach-back method was selected as one of the tools to help providers help their patients overcome health literacy challenges by increasing compliance and helping providers engage their patients in collaborative care. Multidisciplinary providers working in a large university clinic system in the southern United States (N = 20) were surveyed, provided focused training, and resurveyed to determine if provider practices addressing health literacy and interdisciplinary collaboration could …

Effectiveness Of 10-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Against Vaccine-Type Invasive Pneumococcal Disease In Pakistan, Atif Riaz, Syed Mohiuddin, Sara Husain, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, Muhammad Sajid, Furqan Kabir, Najeeb Rehman, Waseem Mirza, Basit Salam, Naila Naila, Khatidja Pardhan, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Syed Asad Ali

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) due to vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae post introduction of the vaccine into the routine immunization program in Pakistan.
Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted at 16 hospitals in Sindh Province, Pakistan. Children aged (eligible to receive PCV10) who presented with radiographically confirmed pneumonia and/or meningitis were enrolled as cases. PCR for the lytA gene was conducted on blood (for radiographic pneumonia) and cerebrospinal fluid (for meningitis) samples to detect S. pneumoniae. The proportion of IPD due to vaccine serotypes (including vaccine-related serogroups) …

Professor Katherine Franke Joins An Amicus Brief In Commonwealth Of Pennsylvania And New Jersey V. Trump, Law, Rights, And Religion Project

Center for Gender & Sexuality Law

On Monday, March 25th, Professor Katherine Franke, Faculty Director of the Law, Rights, and Religion Project at Columbia Law School, joined an amicus brief in Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and New Jersey v. Trump,* a challenge to two rules that exempt employers with religious or moral objections from compliance with the contraceptive coverage requirement of the Affordable Care Act.

Incremental Clinical Effectiveness And Cost Effectiveness Of Providing Supervised Physiotherapy In Addition To Usual Medical Care In Patients With Osteoarthritis Of The Hip Or Knee: 2-Year Results Of The Moa Randomised Controlled Trial, J. H. Abbott, R Wilson, Daniel Pinto, C. M. Chapple, A. A. Wright

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To investigate the clinical- and cost-effectiveness at 2-year follow-up of providing individual, supervised exercise physiotherapy and/or manual physiotherapy in addition to usual medical care.

Method

People with hip or knee osteoarthritis meeting the American College of Rheumatology clinical diagnostic criteria were randomised (1:1, concealed, assessor-blinded) to four groups: usual medical care; supervised exercise physiotherapy; manual physiotherapy; or combined exercise and manual physiotherapy. Physiotherapy group participants were provided 10 50-min treatment sessions including booster sessions at 4 and 13 months, in addition to usual care. The primary outcome at 2-year follow-up was incremental cost-utility ratio (ICUR) of each physiotherapy intervention …

Intravenous Meloxicam For The Treatment Of Moderate To Severe Acute Pain: A Pooled Analysis Of Safety And Opioid-Reducing Effects., Eugene R. Viscusi, Tong J. Gan, Sergio Bergese, Neil Singla, Randall J. Mack, Stewart W. Mccallum, Wei Du, Sue Hobson

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the safety and tolerability of intravenous meloxicam compared with placebo across all phase II/III clinical trials.

METHODS: Safety data and opioid use from subjects with moderate to severe postoperative pain who received ≥1 dose of intravenous meloxicam (5-60 mg) or placebo in 1 of 7 studies (4 phase II; 3 phase III) were pooled. Data from intravenous meloxicam 5 mg, 7.5 mg and 15 mg groups were combined (low-dose subset).

RESULTS: A total of 1426 adults (86.6% white; mean age: 45.8 years) received ≥1 dose of meloxicam IV; 517 (77.6% white; mean age: 46.7 years) …

Study Of The Cytological Features Of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica., Chunsheng Yang, Yang Yang, Li Ma, Guang-Xian Zhang, Fu-Dong Shi, Yaping Yan, Guoqiang Chang

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a refractory autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system without an effective cure. Autologous bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‑MSCs) are considered to be promising therapeutic agents for this disease due to their potential regenerative, immune regulatory and neurotrophic effects. However, little is known about the cytological features of BM‑MSCs from patients with NMO, which may influence any therapeutic effects. The present study aimed to compare the proliferation, differentiation and senescence of BM‑MSCs from patients with NMO with that of age‑ and sex‑matched healthy subjects. It was revealed that there were no significant differences in …

An Implementation Toolkit For Increasing Breastfeeding Sustainability, Regina Kirwin

Doctoral Projects

Introduction: African American women have the lowest rates of breastfeeding in the United States compared to other racial and ethnic groups (DHHS, 2016). Peer support increases breastfeeding rates (Shakya, 2017). An evidence-based implementation toolkit will provide key stakeholders the information and skill development needed to successfully implement and sustain peer support programs geared toward increasing breastfeeding rates for African American women in West Michigan. The purpose of this paper is to disseminate the quality improvement process used to develop an evidence-based toolkit guided by a secondary data analysis from research data collected in a previously implemented peer mentor program.

Objective: …

Improving Rural Pediatric Patient Management Through Streamlined High-Volume Patient Clinical Pathways Enhanced By Standardized Nursing Education For Care Confidence, Marie-Cassandre O. Macdonnell

Doctoral Projects

Rural America creates a challenging, poorly financed environment for pediatric health. More than 20 million Americans live in areas with physician shortages too great to meet basic health need (Petlz et al., 2013). In comparing rural versus urban data, rural population experience a 7% higher rate of chronic health conditions (44% versus 37%), increased inpatient costs ($8, 507 versus $7, 174) and higher odds ratios for pediatric 30-day readmission. Findings from Khan et al., (2015) note that hospital readmission rates have higher odds ratios in pediatric patients (95% CI); of Caucasian ethnicity 0.74 [0.65–0.84] to 0.88 [0.79–0.99]); when admitted to …

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease And The Pnpla3 Gene, Lori Houghton-Rahrig, Debra Schutte, Jenifer I. Fenton, Jennifer Awad

Peer Reviewed Articles

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rapidly emerging worldwide public health concern strongly associated with obesity, insulin resistance/diabetes type 2, and the metabolic syndrome (Younossi et al., 2011). It is the most common cause of liver disease in the world (World Gastro - enterology Organisation [WGO], 2012). Defined as a total liver weight comprised of more than 5% fat, NAFLD can progress from simple fatty liver disease to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, or liver failure resulting in premature death (Levene & Goldin, 2012). The development and progression of NAFLD is influenced by genetic …

Identifying Gaps In Care In The Geriatric Trauma Patient With Rib Fractures, Kathy A. Crystal

Doctoral Projects

Introduction: Rib fractures in the geriatric patient can be life altering. Across the country trauma centers are caring for an increased volume of geriatric patients aged 65 years and older (Ali-Osman et al., 2018). The geriatric patient with thoracic injury has the second highest mortality rate among the trauma population in the United States (Mentzer et al., 2017). The assessment of the patient is key to identify critical changes due to high risk of adverse events from rib fractures. Despite efforts to standardize the assessment and care provided to the patient with rib fractures, a lot of variation occurs. Research …