Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Age Of First Drink, First Alcohol Intoxication, And Alcohol Abuse Behaviors Among Occupational Therapy Students, Randy P. Mccombie

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

The purpose of the present study was to examine alcohol use behaviors among a national sample of occupational therapy students. Survey instruments, including the AUDIT and a checklist of risky and unprofessional behaviors related to alcohol abuse, were mailed to 1,000 occupational therapy students randomly selected from membership in the American Occupational Therapy Association. Surveys were returned by 309 student members; however, 24 indicated they were not currently occupational therapy students. Of the 285 participants, 97% reported drinking alcohol at some point over the previous year, with 1 in 5 drinking two or more times a week, often consuming four …

Occupational Therapy Assistant Students’ Perspectives About The Development Of Clinical Reasoning, Jeanne M. Coviello, Marie Christine Potvin, Laronda Lockhart-Keene

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

A mandatory component of the training of occupational therapy assistant (OTA) students is the development of their clinical reasoning skills. As the demand for OTAs continues to increase in response to the growing need for occupational therapy services, the number of academic programs to prepare these future therapists has expanded. Unfortunately, there is no empirical literature addressing the preparation of OTA students, specifically the development of their clinical reasoning skills. Artifact analysis, focus groups, and questionnaires were used to explore OTA students’ perceptions of what Level II fieldwork learning experiences facilitated the development of their clinical reasoning skills. The results …

The Perceptions Of Pediatric Occupational Therapists Regarding Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy, Sapna Chakraborty, Kelsey Dulin, Rachel Murphy, Haley Richardson, Makaila Schieber, Abby Taube, Ashlea Cardin

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Research has shown constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) to be of benefit in pediatric occupational therapy practice to treat children with hemiplegia. The perceptions of adult clients, pediatric clients, child caregivers, and occupational therapists working with the adult population has been explored in the past. However, little is known about the perceptions of occupational therapists working with the pediatric population regarding CIMT. This qualitative study explored the perceptions of pediatric occupational therapists who had awareness of CIMT as an intervention method.

Methods: Eight pediatric occupational therapists from the Midwest United States participated in the study. Structured interviews were …

Retrospective Analysis: Most Common Diagnoses Seen In A Primary Care Clinic And Corresponding Occupational Therapy Interventions, Felicia Trembath, Sue Dahl-Popolizio, Makenzie Vanwinkle, Laura Milligan

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: The literature supports occupational therapy (OT) on primary care (PC) interprofessional teams; however, due to uncertainty regarding the role of, and reimbursement for, OT in PC, few occupational therapists practice in PC. This study addressed the first barrier by identifying the 15 most common diagnoses in a specific PC practice and determining how many of them have evidence-based OT interventions appropriate for their treatments.

Method: A retrospective analysis of the ICD-10 codes used by one physician during a 12-month period was completed. These codes were reviewed and categorized using a functional classification system to determine the 15 …

Measuring Emotional Response To A Planting Activity For Staff At An Urban Office Setting: A Pilot Study, Amy E. Wagenfeld, Sandra Schefkind, Nancy Hock

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Interaction with occupation-centered activities, such as gardening, is associated with improved mental health. With limited evidence supporting the effects of short-term nature-based interventions on employees’ emotional states, the purpose of this research was to understand the impact of a one-time, short-term nature-based intervention on the emotional state of employees at an urban office building.

Method: This pretest/posttest design study used a visual analogue emoticon assessment tool, the Interaction with Nature scale, to measure differences in the participants’ emotional states before and after participating in a planting activity. Twenty-two participants engaged in the study. Each participant potted a …

Related Service Providers’ Perspectives On Everyday Life Participation Of Children And Youth With Disabilities, Kathleen Flecky, Alyssa Bornman, Danielle Boyer, Andrea Huckabee

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the perspectives of related service providers on everyday life participation of children and youth with disabilities that they serve.

Method: A qualitative design was used to guide interviews that elicited the participants’ perspectives working with children and youth with disabilities.

Results: Five themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (a) each child’s individual experiences and quality of life; (b) linked to home, school, and community life; (c) child or youth driven; (d) provider collaboration and carryover; and (e) distinct professional provider views.

Conclusion: Insights into related service …

A Scoping Review Of Self-Awareness Instruments For Acquired Brain Injury, Danielle Mahoney, Sharon A. Gutman, Glen Gillen

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Self-awareness and insight are critical functions required to maintain safe and optimal participation in all daily life activities in a variety of environmental contexts. In the past two decades, occupational therapists have developed several psychometrically sound assessments designed to identify self-awareness and insight deficits in patients with neurological disorders. This scoping review identifies and evaluates key properties of such assessments to inform clinical practice.

Method: Multiple electronic databases were searched using the key search terms of “self-awareness” and “self-awareness assessment,” and “insight” and “insight assessment.” Included studies were original primary sources from the peer-reviewed journals.

Results: …

An Occupational Therapy-Based Supported Education Program For University Students With Various Dsm-5 Diagnoses: Program Description And Academic Outcomes, Victoria Schindler

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: This article describes and provides academic outcomes for an occupational therapy-based supported education program developed to assist undergraduate students with various DSM-5 diagnoses with the academic, social, and psychological skills important for college.

Method: A detailed program description and illustrative example of the intervention is provided. Quantitative designs were used to report retention, graduation, and GPA and to calculate changes in mean cumulative GPA.

Results: Of 83 students who started the program, 80 completed at least one semester (96%). Of these 80, 62 (77.5%) continued at the university for a retention rate of 77.5%, and 43 …

Disability Services For Students In Postsecondary Education: Opportunities For Occupational Therapy, Diane Powers Dirette

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Antibiotics On Exacerbations For Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd), Cierra Coffman

Physician Assistant Capstones

The use of antibiotics for treating exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been a topic of controversy since first studied in the 1950s and 1960s. This paper analyzes the effects of a course of antibiotics on time until next exacerbation in patients with COPD. Five recent randomized control trials were examined. The antibiotic most often studied was azithromycin, a macrolide. Azithromycin decreased the length of time to first exacerbation compared to placebo in three studies; two other studies depicted sub analyses to support azithromycin as superior to placebo. Overall, antibiotics decreased the length of time between …

Type 2 Diabetes: Cardiovascular Outcomes With Metformin And Incretin Combination Therapy Compared To Metformin And Sulfonylureas, Brendan K. Lucas

Physician Assistant Capstones

Type 2 diabetes is a disease plaguing the American population, bringing along with it a number of complications. With millions of dollars spent annually to care for diabetic patients and the complications of diabetes, much remains to be known regarding newer medications and the effects of those complications. Two sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, canagliflozin and empagliflozin, and one glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, have proven cardiovascular benefit; however, their use in combination with metformin has not been well studied when compared to metformin and sulfonylurea therapy. While there are studies underway evaluating such outcomes, a critical review of current …

Conservative Vs Surgical Management Of Congenital Acl Aplasia--Which Is More Effective In Improving Pain And Stability?, Alexa Mull

Physician Assistant Capstones

There is currently no consensus on the treatment of congenital absence of the ACL. The rarity of congenital ACL aplasia precludes large randomized controlled trials which might determine what therapy is superior. This paper examines the limited medical literature available to compare surgical vs conservative therapies in patients with congenital ACL aplasia in order to produce a practical recommendation. Review of the literature shows inconsistent outcomes in terms of stability and pain after ACL construction and conservative management in patients with congenital ACL aplasia. Conservative measures may be sufficient to resolve symptoms of pain and instability but are not always …

Comparing Intra-Articular Injections Of Hyaluronic Acid Versus Platelet Rich Plasma For Osteoarthritis Knee Pain, Dawn G. Wong

Physician Assistant Capstones

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of intra-articular (IA) injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) viscosupplementation to platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for degenerative osteoarthritis (OA) knee pain and function

Methods: A review of current high-level evidence research articles on the subject matter

Results: PRP is more effective than HA injections for mild knee OA, but there are no significant differences between PRP and HA in effectiveness for more advanced knee OA. Combination therapy of HA and PRP is superior to PRP or HA alone. Multiple PRP injections also improve pain and function in comparison to multiple HA injections or single PRP injections.

Conclusion: …

Acoustic Reflex And Extended High-Frequency Testing In Relation To Tinnitus, Deborah Kim

Honors Theses

Tinnitus, a growing concern among adults, is the perception of sound without an external acoustic source. Tinnitus can sound like ringing, buzzing, and clicking and is typically caused by noise-induced hearing loss. Noise-induced hearing loss is caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of noise, which damages the cochlea, and can be temporary or permanent. The purpose of this study is to determine if there are any common factors or characteristics in Acoustic Reflex, standard pure tone and/or Extended High-Frequency testing results between two groups: people who report and do not report tinnitus. This study explores whether Acoustic Reflex testing …

Aortic Stenosis, Tony Un '19

Human Diseases Graphic Novels

No abstract provided.

Cushing's And Confusion, Diana Gonzalez '20, Grace Yue '20, Amy Churchill '20, Trinity Coates '20, Annie Xu '19

Human Diseases Graphic Novels

No abstract provided.

Lights Out, Charlotte Graves '20

Human Diseases Graphic Novels

No abstract provided.

Diabetes Type I, Stroke, Arthritis And Epilepsy, Nafay Abdul '20, Danielle Lee '19, Ethan Talreja '20

Human Diseases Graphic Novels

No abstract provided.

Crohn's Disease / Myasthenia Gravis / Appendicitis / Compartment Syndrome, Maddy Chow '20, Maahum Hamayat '20, Vaishnavi Tetali '20, Milica Barac '20, Isabel Grzeskawiak '19

Human Diseases Graphic Novels

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Therabands On Collegiate Pitchers Rotator Cuff, Caleb Bissette

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

This study looks at the effects that the rab and shave on the strength and mobility in the dominant rotator cuff of a collegiate pitcher. Collegiate pitchers should strengthen their rotator cuff muscles in order to prevent injuries. Injuries to the rotatorcuff could be season-ending and require surgery for repair. In order to prevent a pitchers chances of getting surgery, they need to find away to strengthen those muscles and make them more mobile. Therabands are a great way to increase strength and mobility in the rotator cuff.

10-Day Nutritional Assessment For 20 Year Old, Active Female, Emily Dyment

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

Food tracking has become an increasingly more popular method for individuals seeking to make changes in their dietary habits. According to Skinner et al., food tracking has proven its credibility,as individuals seem much more likely to initiate positive dietary changes when they are recording their daily food intake. Having said this, further knowledge is needed to allow individuals to make significant positive dietary changes. Specifically among at risk populations such as female college athletes. According to Skinner et al. increases in nutrition knowledge may result in significantly more desirable attitudes toward nutrition among female athletes (Skinner et al.,2001).

How Functional Movement Screening Scores Correlate To Y-Balance Scores, Morgan Laird, Austin Billiot, Eddie Hellard, Alan Bennett

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study is to determine the level of correlation between the FMS and YBT assessments. The literature says that these two assessments have a moderately positive correlation (Koçak et al. 2019). The hypothesis of this study is that the FMS and YBT assessments will have a moderately positive correlation.

Nutritional Analysis Of A Female College Athlete, Will Mullins, Austin Reames

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

No abstract provided.

The Effectiveness Of Ankle Braces On Functional Movement Screening And Ankle Joint Range Of Motion On Collegiate Division I Volleyball Players, Maya Jeffcoat-Troy

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this research is to examine the effectiveness of ankle braces on functional movement and ankle joint range of motion on female Division 1 collegiate volleyball players. The data will be analyzed to determine if ankle braces impede or help functional movement and ankle joint range of motion. It was hypothesized that ankle braces will not affect overall functional performance but will have an effect on ankle joint range of motion and lower body kinematics.

The Effects Of Energy Drinks On Division 1 Female Soccer Midfielders, Jordan Vitale

EXSI 432/532: Research Methods in Exercise Science: Research Proposal Posters

The purpose of this study is to expand the known effects that energy drinks have on an aerobic exercise performance and explore a new population of female soccer midfielders through the use of a Wingate test. It is hypothesized that the consumption of an energy drink prior to a Wingate an aerobic test would result in overall better an aerobic performance, specifically with increased power and a lower fatigue index.

Enhancing Retention For Nursing Assistants: Effective Strategies To Reduce Turnover, Tiffany Omann-Bidinger

Nursing Posters

Develop and implement a hospital-wide, evidence-based recruitment and retention program to reduce turnover rates for Nursing Assistants (NAs).

Strategies To Increase Athletes' Transformational Leadership Behaviors During Strength And Conditioning Sessions, Valerie Smith, E. Whitney G. Moore

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Often, leadership is presumed to naturally result from athletic experiences. However, leadership behaviors require practice. Strength and conditioning coaches (SCCs) can provide opportunities for all athletes to practice transformational leadership behaviors, which can increase team cohesion and performance. This article reviews athlete leadership, including leadership roles and four transformational leadership behaviors (idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individualized consideration, and intellectual stimulation). Then, daily strategies SCCs can incorporate into training to foster athletes’ transformational leadership are presented. Followed by strategies for larger, rotating leadership experiences. These strategies can work with athletes across age, gender, and competitive level.

The Effects Of Stress Mindset Interventions On University Students' Health And Functioning, Abigail Fate

Undergraduate Honors Papers

In modern society, the overwhelming cultural narrative proclaims that stress is detrimental to health and should be limited and avoided at all costs. However, recent research has demonstrated that it is one’s stress mindset, rather than their stress level, that determines the psychological and physiological outcomes. Mindsets are lenses that simplify and order the world, and have been proven to influence daily behavioral and physiological responses to create cascading effects. Recent research has demonstrated that one’s mindset about stress is the demining factor in health, performance, and productivity in response to stressful conditions, and that these mindsets can be manipulated …

Evaluation Of The Drug Utilization Pattern Among Pregnant Women In A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Vijaynarayana Kunhikatta

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Objective of the study was to evaluate the drug utilization pattern in pregnancy. A retrospective study conducted among pregnant women in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Parameters like demography, gravidity, complaints on admission, clinical signs and symptoms, comorbid conditions, drugs prescribed and its utilization details and neonatal outcome were collected. Study included 876 pregnant women. The mean age of the study population was 29.4±4.4 (mean±SD). Majority of them (68.2%) had caesarian section type of delivery. Diabetes mellitus (33.6%) was the most common comorbidity, followed by hypertension (28.3%) and thyroid disorders (18.3%). Folic acid (15.7%) and calcium (15.2%), were the most …

Identification Of Risk Factors For Hyponatremia In Psychiatric Patients Undergoing Treatment: A Case Control Study., Vijaynarayana Kunhikatta

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Abstract: Background: Prompt recognition and optimal management of hyponatremia will help the physician devise a better treatment plan to prevent future complications. Hence this study aims to identify of risk factors associated with hyponatremia in psychiatric patients.Methods: A case-control study was conducted among psychiatric inpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients admitted from January 2013 to December 2017 were identified using ICD-10 code F01-F99. Patients with serum sodium levels <135 mmol/L were considered as hyponatremia and between 135-145 mmol/L as controls. Factors associated with causing hyponatremia were identified by multiple logistic regression and odds ratio (OR) was calculated.Results: Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 264 cases of hyponatremia and 253 matching controls were included in the study. The mean age of patients with hyponatremia was 56.4±16.8 years as compared to 39.6±13.9 years in controls and 65.7% of them were males. Seizure disorder (OR=3.14, olar disorder (OR=6.03, p=0.001), depression (OR=4.78, p=0.005) and use of quetiapine (OR=2.11, p =0.007), insulin (OR=3.53, p=0.038) were independent risk factors associated with development of hyponatremia. Conclusion: Psychiatric patients with seizure disorder, bipolar disorder, depression and using quetiapine or insulin have more chance of developing hyponatremia. And they should be monitored carefully.