Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Delivering Health Knowledge And Wisdom From The Hills And Hollows Of Appalachia, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md, Erin N. Haynes, Robert M. Shapiro Ii, Charlotte S. Seidman

Journal of Appalachian Health

There is knowledge in the pages of Appalachia’s hills. This journal is positioned to find and publish those translations. It grows from a need to provide an outlet for scholarship about Appalachia’s health so that knowledge, and occasionally wisdom, is shared with those who care about and are committed to improving the region’s health.

Lightning Talk: Can This Be Redacted? Developing An Institutional Repository And Addressing Privacy Issues, Pamela Pierce

Digital Initiatives Symposium

“Can This Be Redacted? Developing an Institutional Repository and Addressing Privacy Issues” will explore privacy issues in terms of patient health information that have emerged as Oregon Health & Science University expands their institutional repository beyond theses and dissertations. The lighting talk presentation will focus specifically on student projects from the physician assistant program, School of Nursing, and the Northwest Native American Center, a center specifically focused on the health care needs of Native Americans in the U.S. The impact of a migration out of Bepress and into Samvera will also be discussed.

Symptomology Associated With In Utero Exposures To Polysubstance In An Appalachian Population., Will Lester, Lacey Andrews, Emma M. Nellhaus, Sara Murray, Sean Loudin, Todd H. Davies

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is seen as a very high rate at our institution in Huntington, West Virginia, and the majority of exposures are polysubstance in nature. Polysubstance can have different meaning for each region. At our institution, polysubstance is any combination of opioids, gabapentin, methamphetamine, cocaine, marijuana, benzodiazepines, nicotine or other neuroactive substances with 3-4 substances being the norm. Rapidly changing combinations of drug use and the lack of literature create a difficult situation for clinicians who are often reliant on treatment recommendations that lack references or conclusive data supporting the clinical approaches. Elucidating withdrawal symptoms consistent with in …

Trans-Radial Coronary Intervention (Tci) Using 5-Fr Versus 6-Fr Guiding Catheters In The Setting Of Acute Coronary Syndrome (Acs)., Ahmed Amro, Mohammad Amro, Amal Sobeih, Obadah Aqtash, Hisham Hirzallah, Majd Kanbour, Adee El-Hamdani, Alaa Gabi, Yazan Numan, Mark Studeny, Mehiar El-Hamdani

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Background:

As in any vascular access the size of guiding catheter is an operator preference. Although multiple studies showed the use of 5-Fr versus 6-Fr guiding catheters for Transradial coronary intervention (TCI) have similar vascular safety profile and can be performed safely and successfully with both of them, the data comparing the 5-Fr vs 6-Fr guiding catheters for TCI in terms of fluoroscopy time, procedure time and contrast amount in the setting of ACS is limited. We conducted this study to compare the use of 5-Fr versus 6-Fr guiding catheters for TCI in the settings of ACS.

Method:

Our study …

Surgery For Esophageal Adenocarcinoma: Three Field Open Mckeown Procedure Has A Role In Assessment And Treatment Of Extensive Locally Advanced Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With A Favorable Clinical And Pathological Outcome., Mark H. Cooper, Paul Bown, Toni O. Pacioles

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Esophageal adenocarcinoma has seen an increased incidence due to gastroesophageal reflux disease , smoking and obesity. There are no established guidelines for screening of esophageal cancer and many patients present late in their disease process. Most early stage adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation follow by surgical resection in suitable operative candidates. We describe a case of locally advanced esophageal cancer, where the patient had a relatively insignificant response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation, who was then treated by open direct resection of the esophagus and proximal stomach (three field McKeown approach) with lymphadenectomy. The …

Bilateral Foot Drop Linked To Rapid Intentional Weight Loss And Long Distance Walking., Morgan S. Aguirre, Josh Gibson, Dominika Lozowska

Marshall Journal of Medicine

There are many causes of acute onset foot drop ranging from deep fibular nerve or sciatic nerve injury caused by trauma or a compressive mass such as a neuroma, to spinal cord disorders like disc herniation causing L4-5 radiculopathy, and various muscular dystrophies affecting the tibialis anterior muscle responsible for foot dorsiflexion and eversion. Even brain disorders like MS, stroke or ALS can result in foot drop. We present a case of bilateral foot drop as a complication of rapid 70 lb weight loss which was described in literature previously as “slimmer’s palsy”.

Kounis Syndrome: A Simple Mri With Contrast Turned Into A Life Threatening Condition, Ahmed Amro, Kanaan Mansoor, Mohammad Amro, Amal Sobeih, Mehiar El-Hamdani

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Kounis syndrome [KS] is a hypersensitivity coronary disorder induced by various allergens. It is a rare condition which has been reported in every age group (2-90 years), every race and geographic location, its incidence has been reported to range from 7.9 to 19.4 per 100,000. The presentation of the detrimental effects of KS on coronary arteries ranges from vasospastic angina to allergic myocardial infarction.

Drugs are the major iatrogenic cause of KS, but virtually everything in the environment around us can cause KS. In recent years contrast mediums used in the radiologic investigation have come forth as a leading cause …

Angiogram Negative Subarachnoid Hemorrhage In The Setting Of Sexual Intercourse And Chronic Cannabis Use, Dakota T. May, Dominika Lozowska

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Etiology of unprovoked subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is predominantly from cerebral aneurysm rupture and manifests classically as a thunderclap headache. Orgasmic cephalgia may herald SAH given that 4-12% of SAH sufferers were found to have engaged in prior sexual activity.(1) Precipitating causes of SAH leading to aneurysmal rupture may be the rise in blood pressure caused by physical activity. A conventional angiogram (CTA) is used to reveal a source of the bleed and but occasionally this is normal, and is labelled angiogram-negative SAH or non-aneurysmal SAH. In those cases digital subtraction imaging (DSA) is needed for verification. Herein we discuss an …

Rare Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Of The Liver In A Patient With No History Of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report, Kevat B. Patel, Rita H. Hawarny, Elizabeth Saunders, Marc Hettlinger, Niru Nahar

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of unknown pathogenesis characterized by poorly differentiated carcinoma tissue containing sarcoma-like differentiation of either spindle or giant cell and rarely occurs in the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary-pancreatic system.¹ Primary hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma accounts for only 0.2 % of primary malignant liver tumors, and 1.8% of all surgically resected hepatocellular carcinomas.² The majority of hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma cases appear to occur simultaneously with hepatocellular or cholangiocellular carcinoma.³ The preferred treatment for hepatic sarcomatoid carcinoma is surgical resection and the overall prognosis is poor.⁴ This case depicts a 62-year-old female whom …

On Watson, Racism, And Standardized Tests, Joseph I. Shapiro

Marshall Journal of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Advancing Science Through Diversity Begins With Cultural Immersion In Science Education, Darshana T. Shah

Marshall Journal of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Perceived Body Image And Reasons For Exercise Among College Students, Ileana Flores Delgado

Ursidae: The Undergraduate Research Journal at the University of Northern Colorado

Perceptions of an ideal body image constructed by Western culture has led body dissatisfaction levels to increase significantly in the past 30 years. Researchers have found that individuals tend to have inaccurate perceptions of their body shapes that leads to body dissatisfaction. Minimal research however, has been done focusing on the relationship between body image and specific exercise behaviors. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand how someone’s own body perception affects their exercise behavior, type and frequency. A total of 30 participants were observed for 20 minutes focusing on behaviors like concentration, body surveillance, and confidence while …

The Validity Of The Six Minute Walk Test In Determining Vo2peak In Cancer Survivors: A Pilot Study, Deandra Elcock

Ursidae: The Undergraduate Research Journal at the University of Northern Colorado

Peak oxygen consumption (VO_2peak) is critical for developing and implementing an exercise prescription to guide a cancer survivor’s rehabilitative exercise program, which will improve physiological and psychological values in cancer survivors. Many clinicians choose a submaximal protocol, the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) to determine VO_2peak. The University of Northern Colorado Cancer Rehabilitation Institute’s (UNCCRI) treadmill protocol is cancer-specific and accurately determines VO_2peak. PURPOSE: To determine the validity of VO_2peak obtained from the 6MWT compared to the VO_2peak obtained by the UNCCRI treadmill protocol. METHODS: 34 cancer survivors completed the …

"Making Learning And Teaching Fun Again!" - Strategies To Improve Learner Engagement And Retention, Kadriye O. Lewis, Jennifer Colombo, Christian Lawrence, Kenya Mcneal-Trice, Mark Chandler

Presentations

This presentation describes and demonstrates different strategies for medical education.

Transplanted Adult Human Hepatic Stem/Progenitor Cells Prevent Histogenesis Of Advanced Hepatic Fibrosis In Mice Induced By Carbon Tetrachloride, Yanzhen Bi, Xiyu Liu, Chuanping Si, Ye Hong, Yongke Lu, Pengfei Gao, Yonghong Yang, Xiaobei Zhang, Yibo Wang, Huabao Xiong, Zhongping Duan, Yu Chen, Feng Hong

Pharmacology, Physiology and Toxicology

Transplantation of adult human hepatic stem/progenitor cells (hHSPCs) has been considered as an alternative therapy, replacing donor liver transplantation to treat liver cirrhosis. This study assessed the antifibrotic effects of hHSPCs in mice with fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and examined the actions of hHSPCs on the fibrogenic activity of human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in a coculture system. Isolated hHSPCs expressed stem/progenitor cell phenotypic markers. Mice were given CCl₄ (twice weekly for 7 weeks) and hHSPC transplantation weekly. CCl₄ induced advanced fibrosis (bridging fibrosis and cirrhosis) in mice, which was prevented by hHSPC transplantation. …

Effects Of Exercise On Eeg Activity And Standard Tools Used To Assess Concussion, David M Devilbiss, Jena L Etnoyer-Slaski, Emily Dunn, Christopher R Dussourd, Mayuresh V Kothare, Stephen J Martino, Adam J Simon

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

A variety of cognitive assessment tools are used to determine the functional status of the brain before and after injury in athletes. Questionnaires, neuropsychological tests, and electroencephalographic (EEG) measures have been recently used to directly assess brain function on and near the playing field. However, exercise can affect cognitive performance and EEG measures of cortical activity. To date, little empirical evidence exists on the effects of acute exercise on these measures of neurological function. We therefore quantified athlete performance on a standardized battery of concussion assessment tools and EEG measurements immediately before and after acute exercise to simulate conditions of …

Genetic Modification Of Animals: Scientific And Ethical Issues, Jarrod Bailey

Genetic Engineering and Cloning Collection

No abstract provided.

Can Dream Science Be Used To Elicit Healthy Behaviors?, Nadia J. Bijaoui, Joshua Bernstein, Christine Markham, Basil Aboul-Enein

Health & Wellness Department Faculty Publications and Research

The science of dreams and their interpretation may seem like a recent trend, justifying current research interests. Yet, for centuries, dream science, once called oneirology, has captivated dreamers in quest of meanings and motivated scientists in search of explanations. Due to the recent expansion of dream research this narrative review discusses and explores relationships between dreaming and health promoting behaviors. Perspectives from current evidence are classified according to the fundamentals of the Freudian dream theory. Selected investigations are reviewed according to specific elements of the psychoanalytic theory, suggesting new approaches including a possible explanation of the paradox of the rapid …

Cellular Senescence In Progenitor Cells Contributes To Diminished Remyelination Potential In Progressive Multiple Sclerosis., Alexandra M Nicaise, Laura J Wagstaff, Cory M Willis, Carolyn Paisie, Harshpreet Chandok, Paul Robson, Valentina Fossati, Anna Williams, Stephen J Crocker

Faculty Research 2019

Cellular senescence is a form of adaptive cellular physiology associated with aging. Cellular senescence causes a proinflammatory cellular phenotype that impairs tissue regeneration, has been linked to stress, and is implicated in several human neurodegenerative diseases. We had previously determined that neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) failed to promote oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) maturation, whereas NPCs from age-matched control cell lines did so efficiently. Herein, we report that expression of hallmarks of cellular senescence were identified in SOX2⁺ progenitor cells within white matter lesions …

Exploring The Relationship Of Digital Information Sources And Medication Adherence, Cody Arbuckle, Daniel Tomaszewski, Lawrence Brown, Jon C. Schommer, Donald Morisky, Chelsea Parlett-Pelleriti, Erik J. Linstead

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

We present a retrospective analysis of data collected in the United States from the 2015 National Consumer Survey on the Medication Experience and Pharmacists’ Role in order to model the relationship between health information sources and medication adherence and perception. Our results indicate that while the digital age has presented prescription users with many non-traditional alternatives for health information, the use of digital content has a significant negative correlation with pharmaceutical adherence and attitudes toward medication. These findings along with previous research suggest that in order to fully realize the potential benefits of the digital age in regards to patient …

Integrative Approaches To The Undergraduate Public Health Major Curriculum: Strengths, Challenges, And Examples, Marc T. Kiviniemi, Sarahmona M. Przybyla

Health, Behavior & Society Faculty Publications

Many “first generation” undergraduate public health degree programs were designed based on “siloed” course structures centered around subunits in the discipline (e.g., Introduction to Epidemiology, Introduction to Environmental Health) that may be meaningful primarily to experts in the field. An alternative to the siloed approach is an integrative curricular design, in which courses are designed around meaningful thematic units (e.g., explaining public health problems, asking and answering scientific questions in public health), with an emphasis on drawing connections between knowledge from different but complementary disciplinary areas as a means to improve student learning and retention. The integrative approach shifts the …

Improving Discharge Communication With Outpatient Providers On The Hospitalist Service, Nicholas Clark, Julia Simmons, Angela Etzenhouser, Troy Richardson, Patrick Brady, Eugenia K. Pallotto

Posters

Describes a quality improvement project to increase two-way discharge communication between pediatric hospitalists and primary care providers from 7% to >80% within 18 months.

Practice Variations In Sedated Echocardiography And Impact On Repeat Echocardiography In Non-Refractory Kawasaki Disease, Nicholas Clark, Troy Richardson, Jennifer E. Schuster, Anitha Parthiban, Henry T. Puls

Posters

This study discovered significant variation among children's hospitals in the use of sedated echocardiiography for children <30 months of age with non-refractory Kawasaki disease prior to the American Heart Association 2017 Kawasake disease guideline update. Consideration should be given to performing sedated echocardiography as it may reduce the need for repeat echos without impacting length of stay or total costs.

Safeguarding Against Data Breaches, Stephanie Johnson

Applied Research Projects

Reports of data breaches have seen an increase in the past decade and compared to other businesses; these breaches are estimated to be the most expensive in healthcare and affect millions of patients. One may ask what is a data breach, what causes it, and how can it be prevented? Particularly vulnerable to breaches is Protected Health Information (PHI) collected by the healthcare provider. This information is any part of the patient’s medical record or payment history. Regularly, healthcare organizations utilize business associates and covered entities to deliver patient care. During this process, PHI is produced. This study addresses the …

Cuff-Less Methods For Blood Pressure Telemonitoring., Dylan M. Bard, Jeffrey I. Joseph, Noud Van Helmond

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Blood pressure telemonitoring (BPT) is a telemedicine strategy that uses a patient's self-measured blood pressure (BP) and transmits this information to healthcare providers, typically over the internet. BPT has been shown to improve BP control compared to usual care without remote monitoring. Traditionally, a cuff-based monitor with data communication capabilities has been used for BPT; however, cuff-based measurements are inconvenient and cause discomfort, which has prevented the widespread use of cuff-based monitors for BPT. The development of new technologies which allow for remote BP monitoring without the use of a cuff may aid in more extensive adoption of BPT. This …

Targeted Advertising Can Increase Healthy Food Choices Among College Students, Stephanie Spera

Population Health Research Brief Series

Poor nutrition in young adulthood can increase risk of obesity, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes in mid- and later life. Targeted nutrition programs for young adults are essential to reduce the burden of chronic disease in the U.S. over the next several decades. This research brief describes a successful healthy food marketing strategy that was used at Syracuse University to promote healthy food purchasing among college students.

Regional Variation In Comorbid Prediabetes And Diabetes And Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Individuals In Rural Bangladesh, Pakistan, And Sri Lanka, Liang Feng, Aliya Naheed, H. Asita De Silva, Imtiaz Jehan, Rubhana Raqib, Md Tauhidul Islam, Nathasha Luke, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Hamida Farazdaq, Sahar Senan, Tazeen Jafar, Cobra-Bps Study Group

Community Health Sciences

We aimed to explore the cross-country variation in the prevalence of comorbid prediabetes or diabetes and determine the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors, especially body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, associated with comorbid diabetes in individuals with hypertension in rural South Asia. We analyzed cross-sectional data of 2426 hypertensive individuals of ≥40 years from 30 randomly selected rural communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between 100 and 125 mg/dL without use of antidiabetic treatment and diabetes as FPG ≥126 mg/dL or use of antidiabetic medication. The prevalence (95% CI) of …

A Critical Appraisal Of The Dark Triad Literature And Suggestions For Moving Forward, Joshua D. Miller, Colin E. Vize, Michael L. Crowe, Donald R. Lynam

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

Since its introduction in 2002, dark-triad research—the simultaneous study of psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism—has exploded, with the publication of hundreds of peer-reviewed articles, books, and chapters, as well as coverage by the lay media. Unfortunately, several limitations to this research are unrecognized or ignored. These limitations include (a) the treatment of dark-triad constructs as unidimensional, contrary to evidence for their multidimensionality; (b) the indistinctness between current measures of Machiavellianism and psychopathy; (c) the use of multivariate statistical approaches that pose statistical and interpretive difficulties; (d) failure to test dark-triad relations directly against one another; and (e) methodological concerns related to …

Health And Social Disparities Influence Opioid Misuse Among Adult Females Living In Rural Areas, Tequila Porter

Master of Science in Integrative Biology Theses

Since the early 1800s scientists have been working to create the best non-addictive pain medication derived from opium. In the early 1800s morphine was distilled from opium extracted from opium poppy plants (Quinones, 2015). Soon after a chemist invents a synthetic derivative of opium and names it diacetylmorphine (heroin) (Quinones, 2015, (Drugs and Morphine Text, 2018). Heroin originally was a safe cure for morphine addiction. Once this was proven to be false, and as having addictive properties, the government intervened and began initiatives to address the issue. This public crisis quickly grew to what modern scientists and healthcare professionals know …

A Qualitative Analysis Of Quantitative Assessments In Art Therapy Research With Patients With Cancer In A Medical Setting, Jill Levenberg

LMU Theses and Dissertations

This paper uses a qualitative approach to explore quantitative assessment tools and their use in art therapy research with patients with cancer. An archival method was used to gather articles on cancer research which were compiled from peer-reviewed journal articles available online. The author used a systematic analysis to select articles that met the specific research criteria of working with cancer patients in a medical setting, included the implementation of art therapy, and the administration of a pre- and post-test. Twenty-two quantitative assessments fit these criteria. Further exploration was conducted on the five most common assessment tools. These five assessments …