Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Substituted Anthraquinones Represent A Potential Scaffold For Dna Methyltransferase 1-Specific Inhibitors, Rebecca L. Switzer, Jessica Medrano, David A. Reedel, Jill Weiss

Faculty Journal Articles

In humans, the most common epigenetic DNA modification is methylation of the 5-carbon of cytosines, predominantly in CpG dinucleotides. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mark associated with gene repression. Disruption of the normal DNA methylation pattern is known to play a role in the initiation and progression of many cancers. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), the most abundant DNA methyltransferase in humans, is primarily responsible for maintenance of the DNA methylation pattern and is considered an important cancer drug target. Recently, laccaic acid A (LCA), a highly substituted anthraquinone natural product, was identified as a direct, DNA-competitive inhibitor of DNMT1. …

July 2019, Randy Curry, Cindy Brooks

RURAL ROCKS

Rural Rocks, the Rural Health Network newsletter by the SWOSU College of Pharmacy

Patient Registries In Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis., Daniel A. Culver, Jürgen Behr, John A. Belperio, Tamera J. Corte, Joao A. De Andrade, Kevin R. Flaherty, Mridu Gulati, Tristan J. Huie, Lisa H. Lancaster, Jesse Roman, Christopher J. Ryerson, Hyun J. Kim

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

Over the past decade, several large registries of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) have been established. These registries are collecting a wealth of longitudinal data on thousands of patients with this rare disease. The data collected in these registries will be complementary to data collected in clinical trials because the patient populations studied in registries have a broader spectrum of disease severity and comorbidities and can be followed for a longer period of time. Maintaining the quality and completeness of registry databases presents administrative and resourcing challenges, but it is important to ensuring the robustness of the analyses. Data …

Developing Comparative Effectiveness Studies For A Rare, Understudied Pediatric Disease: Lessons Learned From The Carra Juvenile Localized Scleroderma Consensus Treatment Plan Pilot Study., Suzanne C. Li, Robert C. Fuhlbrigge, Ronald M. Laxer, Elena Pope, Maria Ibarra, Katie Stewart, Thomas Mason, Mara L. Becker, Sandy Hong, Fatma Dedeoglu, Kathryn S. Torok, C Egla Rabinovich, Polly J. Ferguson, Marilynn Punaro, Brian M. Feldman, Tracy Andrews, Gloria C. Higgins, Carra Registry Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: We designed and initiated a pilot comparative effectiveness study for juvenile localized scleroderma (jLS), for which there is limited evidence on best therapy. We evaluated the process we used, in relation to the specific protocol and to the general task of identifying strategies for implementing studies in rare pediatric diseases.

METHODS: This was a prospective, multi-center, observational cohort study of 50 jLS patients initiating treatment, designed and conducted by the jLS group of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) from 2012 to 2015. A series of virtual and physical meetings were held to design the study, standardize …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - July 14, 2019, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the July 14, 2019 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's Newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

USA Internal Medicine Residency Program turns community service project into annual donation drive

August Med School Café: "What Is Urogynecology?"

Mark Your Calendar: Cardiology grand rounds July 26

Medical students work closely with faculty for unique learning experiences

Medical student hangs up her gloves for scrubs

Knowledge Sharing Among Public Health Practitioners On Zoonotic Diseases In Plateau State, Nigeria, Lydia Endaben Lakan Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study explores knowledge sharing among public health professionals in managing zoonotic diseases in Plateau State. To achieve the objective of this study five research questions were raised to include: What is the perception of public health professionals about knowledge sharing in managing zoonotic diseases? What is the absorptive capacity of health professionals in managing zoonotic diseases? What factors motivate public health professionals to share knowledge in managing zoonotic diseases? What factors limit knowledge sharing of public health professionals in managing zoonotic diseases? How do the constructs of social exchange theory explain the perception of public health professionals about knowledge …

Presenting The Good Mother: Experiences Of Canadian Adolescent Mothers Living In Rural Communities, Karen A. Campbell, Corinne Hart

The Qualitative Report

Adolescent mothers and their children are at risk for suboptimal health outcomes making adolescent motherhood a public health concern. However, the experiences of rural-living adolescent mothers are not well understood. Using Lieblich, Tuval-Mahiach, and Zilber’s (1998) narrative methodology approach, the experiential accounts of three rural-living adolescent mothers was explored. Reflecting Goffman’s (1959) presentation of self, the findings of this study revealed how adolescent mothers attempted to construct and present their notion of being a good mother, while coping with complicating rural factors. The need to present as a good mother, the lack of anonymity associated with rural living, and geographical …

Getting Change-Space: A Grounded Theory Study Of Automated Ehealth Therapy, Marianne T. S. Holter, Ottar Ness, Ayna Johansen, Håvar Brendryen

The Qualitative Report

A promising tool for bettering people’s health is eHealth (or “mHealth”) programs: fully automated, web-based health interventions. However, we know surprisingly little about eHealth’s working mechanisms. One possible working mechanism is that program users benefit from a collaborative “relationship”—a “working alliance”—with the program. Although evidence support the existence of a person-to-program alliance it is unclear if and how it influences change. Therefore, we conducted a grounded theory study of how relating to an eHealth program for quitting smoking influenced the participants’ change processes. The ensuing model focuses on how participants got change-space—feeling free from social forcing and able to work …

Glucocorticoids And “Stress” Are Not Synonymous, Scott Macdougall-Shackleton

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Synopsis

Reference to glucocorticoids as “stress hormones” has been growing in prevalence in the literature, including in comparative and environmental endocrinology. Although glucocorticoids are elevated in response to a variety of stressors in vertebrate animals, the primary functions of glucocorticoids are not responding to stressors and they are only one component of complex suite of physiological and behavioral responses to stressors. Thus, the use of the short-hand phrase “stress hormone” can be misleading. Further, simply measuring glucocorticoids is not equivalent to measuring a stress response, nor is manipulating glucocorticoids equivalent to exposing an animal to a stressor. In this commentary …

Components Of The Triarchic Model Of Psychopathy Are Nested Within The Five-Factor Model, Courtland S. Hyatt, Donald R. Lynam, Joshua D. Miller

Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications

The triarchic model of psychopathy is a recently developed model of psychopathy that identifies three primary domains: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. These traits overlap substantially with general and pathological five-factor model of personality (Boldness = low Neuroticism + high Extraversion; Meanness = low Agreeableness; Disinhibition = low Conscientiousness). In the current study (total N = 1,266), we compare domains from the triarchic model of psychopathy and five-factor model in relation to self- and informant-report of external criteria (e.g., pathological traits, antisocial behavior), and quantified their absolute similarity using a profile-matching approach. The corresponding traits from these models show large interrelations …

Implementation Of An Inpatient Diabetes Team: Impact On Hypoglycemia Recurrence, Martha Bertin, Elva Diaz

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Ohiohealth Worksite Wellness: A Holistic View, Shelby Reichle

Masters of Science in Allied Health Final Project Oral Presentations

Goals: Develop my clinical knowledge of workplace wellness as a whole; Create, implement and evaluate my own wellness series or program; Learn how to conduct cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation.

Working With Youth Has Its Own Rewards, Challenges, College Of Education And Human Development

Family and Consumer Sciences News

Support and education for professionals who work with young people in programs outside of the classroom are growing, and Western Michigan University has responded by expanding its training and internships in this area.

The College of Education and Human Development added two degrees in 2019 to build its academic offerings, as well as community-based professional opportunities, helping its students become leaders in youth and community development.

Preparing Physicians To Contend With The Problem Of Dual Loyalty, Holly G. Atkinson

Publications and Research

Dual loyalty is defined as, particularly as it pertains to the field of medicine, a conflict or potential conflict between a healthcare professional’s simul- taneous obligations–expressed or implied–to a patient and to a third party. Dual loyalty situations often compromise physicians’ ethical behavior, lead- ing them to participate, either knowingly or unknowingly, in human rights violations perpetrated by a third party, often the state. Classic dual loyalty situations include the participation of physicians in state-sanctioned torture or the death penalty. However, there are a number of other dual loyalty scenarios that arise routinely in clinical practice in both closed institutions …

Managing Intracranial Hemorrhage In Patients With A Durable Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device, Godly Jack, Phil Barker, Ryan Searcy, Jason N. Katz

The VAD Journal

Background: While intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a known complication of left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality, optimal care pathways have neither been elucidated nor reported. We describe management of LVAD patients following ICH, with a focus on anticoagulation, operative interventions, care team designation, complications, and outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all durable continuous-flow LVAD implantations at our academic medical center from January 2007 to July 2018. Patients who experienced ICH after LVAD were identified. We defined baseline and ICH characteristics, medical and surgical interventions, care teams, and outcomes including death, device thrombosis, …

Increasing Access To Spiritual Care Services In The Emergency Department: A Patient And Staff Support Model, Heather Weidemann, Tia Jamir, Ruth Hanselman, Suneela Nayak, Stephen Tyzik, Amy Sparks

Operations Transformation

In trauma centers, there is evidence that interfaith spiritual care reduces emotional distress and improves health outcomes. In order to be effective in providing timely support, chaplains must be integrated into the clinical care team.

In an academic tertiary medical care center, a spiritual care team felt there were numerous missed opportunities to offer support to ED patients and its staff due to lack of being part of the care team. As a result, a performance improvement project was developed with the overall goal of integrating spiritual care into the ED clinical setting.

Baseline metrics and a root cause analysis …

Retrospective Evaluation Of Weight Loss In Maine Medical Center Cancer Institute (Mmcci) Patients Receiving Radiation Treatment For Head And Neck Cancer, Julian Johnson, David Debartolo-Stone, Jessica Moore, Ruth Hanselman, Stephen Tyzik, Suneela Nayak, Amy Sparks

Operations Transformation

Treatment for head and neck cancer often results in weight loss as a side effect. One option to mitigate this weight loss is placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement. Radiation oncologists at a academic tertiary medical center discuss the option of PEG placement during patient consultation.

A retrospective evaluation of weight loss in patients receiving radiation was conducted over a two-year period. The goal of this data collection was to create a standard for oncology consultations regarding PEG tube placement.

Baseline metrics and a root cause analysis drove subsequent data collection steps. After analyzing the raw data, …

Increasing First Case On Time Starts In An Ambulatory Surgery Center, Diane Fecteau, Shannan Reid, Sydney Green, Ruth Hanselman, Suneela Nayak, Stephen Tyzik, Amy Sparks

Operations Transformation

In an ambulatory surgical center, first case on-time starts directly affects the patient experience. In addition, in order to treat as many patients as possible, delays of first case on-time starts negatively impacts the rest of scheduled surgical patients and increases staff overtime expenditures. An ambulatory surgical team within a large urban health care system initiated a performance improvement initiative to enhance the patient experience, increase staff accountability and care team well-being.

The goal of this project was to start 70% or more first cases on time. Baseline metrics demonstrated that patients and surgeons were the largest cause of delay. …

Cyclic Amp Efflux Inhibition As A Potential Therapeutic Target For Acute Leukemia: Small Molecule Discovery And Validation, Dominique R. Perez

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Evasion of apoptosis and resistance to chemotherapy are major therapeutic challenges for acute leukemias. Presumably as a means to promote cell survival, multiple elements of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway are aberrantly regulated in acute leukemias. Furthermore, increased intracellular cAMP (icAMP) is known to induce apoptosis. Therefore, modulation of icAMP has long been a target in leukemias. The central hypothesis of this dissertation is that malignant cells produce and remove excess intracellular cAMP to evade apoptosis and promote survival. Consequently, inhibition of cAMP efflux could selectively trigger leukemia cell death. We designed a novel assay to assess icAMP efflux from …

Spg7 Targets The M-Aaa Protease Complex To Process Mcu For Uniporter Assembly, Ca2 Influx, And Regulation Of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening, Stephen Hurst, Ariele Baggett, György Csordás, Shey-Shing Sheu

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

The mitochondrial matrix ATPase associated with diverse cellular activities (m-AAA) protease spastic paraplegia 7 (SPG7) has been recently implicated as either a negative or positive regulatory component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) by two research groups. To address this controversy, we investigated possible mechanisms that explain the discrepancies between these two studies. We found that loss of the SPG7 gene increased resistance to Ca²-induced mPTP opening. However, this occurs independently of cyclophilin D (cyclosporine A insensitive) rather it is through decreased mitochondrial Ca² concentrations and subsequent adaptations mediated by impaired formation of functional mitochondrial Ca …

Tumor-Released Autophagosomes Induces Cd4, Yong-Qiang Chen, Peng-Cheng Li, Ning Pan, Rong Gao, Zhi-Fa Wen, Tian-Yu Zhang, Fang Huang, Fang-Yuan Wu, Xi-Long Ou, Jin-Ping Zhang, Xue-Jun Zhu, Hong-Ming Hu, Kang Chen, Yun-Lang Cai, Li-Xin Wang

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: CD4

METHODS: TRAPs isolated from tumor cell lines and pleural effusions or ascites of cancer patients were incubated with CD4

RESULTS: Heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) on the surface of TRAPs from malignant effusions of cancer patients and tumor cell lines stimulated CD4

CONCLUSIONS: HSP90α on the surface of TRAPs programs the immunosuppressive functions of CD4

Ampa Receptor Glua2 Subunit Defects Are A Cause Of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Vincenzo Salpietro, Christine L. Dixon, Hui Guo, Oscar D. Bello, Jana Vandrovcova, Stephanie Efthymiou, Reza Maroofian, Gali Heimer, Salman Kirmani, Shahnaz H. Ibrahim

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role because, following post-transcriptional editing at the Q607 site, it renders heteromultimeric AMPARs Ca²⁺-impermeable, with a linear relationship between current and trans-membrane voltage. Here, we report heterozygous de novo GRIA2 mutations in 28 unrelated patients with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome-like features, and seizures or developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). In functional expression studies, mutations lead to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to …

Health Coaching Case Report: Optimizing Employee Health And Wellbeing In Organizations, Shannon Yocum M.A., Nbc-Hwc, Karen Lawson Md, Abihm, Nbc-Hwc

The Journal of Values-Based Leadership

Abstract

Health and wellbeing of employees has a direct correlation to organizational performance. It is essential that organizations and successful leaders prioritize the health and wellbeing of all employees – from the C-suite to entry level positions. As rates of stress, chronic illness, and unhealthy lifestyle choices continue to increase, it is imperative that organizations discover strategies that cultivate employee wellbeing. Employees with high wellbeing are more engaged, productive, and energized and directly affect a company’s bottom line; it is in the best interest of employers to invest in human capital and wellbeing of employees. Health and wellness coaching demonstrates …

Postpartum Psychosis In A Non-Native Language-Speaking Patient: A Perspective On Language Barriers And Cultural Competency., Tatsuhiko Naito, Justin Chin, Jun Lin, Pritesh J Shah, Christine M. Lomiguen

Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine (New York) Publications and Research

Postpartum psychosis is a condition characterised by rapid onset of psychotic symptoms several weeks after childbirth. Outside of its timing and descriptions of psychotic features, minimal research exists due to its relative rarity (1 to 2 per 1000 births in the USA), with greater emphasis on postpartum sadness and depression. With the existing literature, cultural differences and language barriers previously have not been taken into consideration as there are no documented cases of postpartum psychosis in a non-English-speaking patient. Correctly differentiating postpartum psychosis from other postpartum psychiatric disorders requires adeptly evaluating for the presence of psychotic symptoms with in-depth history …

Transmissible Dermatological Diseases Affecting Syrian Refugees In Lebanon, Nisrine Kawa, Edith Hanna, Abdul Rahman Bizri

Journal of Refugee & Global Health

The Syrian war led many to seek shelter in Lebanon, creating a major refugee crisis. Displaced populations in crowded unequipped settlements are vulnerable to infectious diseases. The burden and incidence of various transmissible skin conditions affecting Syrian refugees in Lebanon and their impact on the Lebanese public health system were evaluated. Literature regarding these conditions among Syrian refugees in host countries, and epidemiological data from the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health Surveillance Unit and primary health-care network were reviewed. Lebanon has witnessed skin disorder outbreaks associated with the Refugee crisis, mainly leishmaniasis, scabies and lice infestations with little data about …

Barriers To Mental Health Treatment In Patients Referred By Primary Care, Rebecca Palmer

Dissertations

Problem: Limited access to mental health treatment is one of many potential barriers to treating mental illness in the United States. Where resources are readily available, reportedly high no-show rates for established mental health appointments suggests further investigation is necessary to identify frequent barriers within that population. This was a quality improvement project to identify common themes in patient-reported barriers to care.

Methods: A 4-question phone survey was offered to individuals that did not appear at their mental health appointment. Data was analyzed to identify the most commonly reported barriers to mental health treatment. Additional data collected includes reported history …

A Quality Initiative To Reduce Pneumonia Readmissions And Mortality In Older Adults, Terri Morris

Dissertations

The United States (U.S.) healthcare system journey for making improvements in the quality and value of healthcare continues. Hospital organizations are required to compose and make publically available their health quality outcome data. The publication transparency and increased availability of local, regional and national health quality metrics, including readmission and mortality rates, to governmental agencies, health plans, investors, other hospitals, providers and potential patient and families’ knowledge, creates a competitive pressure for a hospital to assure their quality outcomes data are the best. Despite breakthrough improvements using innovative care models that target vulnerable and potentially high cost of care areas …

Nitrous Oxide Use For Minor But Painful Pediatric Procedures, Samantha Kremer

Dissertations

Problem: Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is used for mild to moderate pain control and anxiolysis. Registered nurses (RN) as providers of N₂O administration may decrease the number of missed opportunities for pain control or anxiolysis. The purpose of this quality improvement initiative was to evaluate the type of procedures and rate of N₂O administration by providers, and cost difference between them.

Method: A descriptive, cohort-design for pediatric patients in the Imaging and Sedation Department between October through November of 2017 and 2018. Data was compared between physicians in 2017 and either a physician or RN …

Race-Based Trauma Care Training For Veteran’S Health Administration Nurse Practitioners, Vanessa Loyd

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: Trauma informed care has become a priority for persons exposed to psychological, physiological, emotional consequences as a result of traumatic experiences. Veterans are from different cultures, including gender, race, religion, sexual orientation and other social groups. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is responsible for the health of this culturally diverse patient population. Healthcare providers without any prior military experience may experience difficulty obtaining an accurate history and physical exam due to the military’s cross-cultural environment. The project aim was to increase confidence and competence in race-based trauma care by incorporating training into a new acute care fellowship …

Adult-Geriatric Acute Care Nurse Practitioner Fellowship For The Veterans Health Administration, Karen Scaglione

Dissertations

Problem: Nurse practitioner (NP) fellowship programs assist the novice NP in transitioning from a traditional nursing role to advanced practice. The Veteran’s Health Administration (VHA) utilizes a NP primary care fellowship program. An acute care fellowship may assist with role transition, confidence and competence for acute care NPs. The purpose of this evidence-based pilot project was to develop a transition to practice acute care fellowship program at a Midwestern VHA hospital.

Methods: A prospective, descriptive design utilizing a convenience sample of senior adult-geriatric nurse practitioner (AGNP) students during a pilot study of an acute care fellowship program. Outcome measures …