Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Early Second Trimester Twin-To-Twin Transfusion Syndrome In Monoamniotic Twin Pregnancy: The Cause And Management–A Case Report From Resource Limited Settings, Philippe P. A., Andrew Cheruiyot, Sahara Shurie, M Pallavi, Elkanah Omenge

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Monoamniotic twin pregnancies are the least common type of twin pregnancies, associated with high foetal death rates. In addition, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome is a rare event in monoamniotic twins. The expectant management of early single-twin foetal demise is challenging due to risk to the surviving co-twin, and psychological impact on the mother. The authors report the case of early second trimester single-twin foetal demise, likely due to twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome in monochorionic twin pregnancy. The 22-year-old primigravida presented with vaginal bleeding in monoamniotic twin pregnancy. She then had sudden single-twin intrauterine demise at 16 weeks of gestation that ended with …

Association Of Total Zinc Intake With Myopia In U.S. Children And Adolescents, Niamh Burke, John Butler, Daniel Ian Flitcroft, Daniel Mccartney, James Loughman

Articles

Significance: This present study advances our knowledge on the role of lifestyle factors in myopia (short-sightedness), specifically dietary factors. It has been suggested in previous studies that lower zinc status is associated with myopia; however, this article shows no relationship between dietary zinc intake and myopia in U.S. adolescents. Purpose: It has been suggested that low zinc levels may contribute to the development of myopia. The aim of the present study is to examine, for the first time in a Western population, the association of total dietary and supplement zinc intake with myopia. Methods: A total of 1095 children/adolescents aged …

Antibody Responses Against The Vaccine Antigens Ov-103 And Ov-Ral-2 Are Associated With Protective Immunity To Onchocerca Volvulus Infection In Both Mice And Humans., Parakkal Jovvian George, Jessica A. Hess, Sonia Jain, John B. Patton, Tingting Zhan, Nancy Tricoche, Bin Zhan, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Peter J. Hotez, David Abraham, Sara Lustigman

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The current strategy for the elimination of onchocerciasis is based on annual or bi-annual mass drug administration with ivermectin. However, due to several limiting factors there is a growing concern that elimination of onchocerciasis cannot be achieved solely through the current strategy. Additional tools are critically needed including a prophylactic vaccine. Presently Ov-103 and Ov-RAL-2 are the most promising vaccine candidates against an Onchocerca volvulus infection.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Protection induced by immunization of mice with the alum-adjuvanted Ov-103 or Ov-RAL-2 vaccines appeared to be antibody dependent since AID-/- mice that could not mount antigen-specific IgG antibody responses were not …

Three Pillars Of Expectation Management In Spine Surgery: Trust, Communication, And Patient Education., Karsten Wiechert, Jeffrey C Wang, Jens R Chapman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Isolation And Identification Of Candida Albicans In Different Clinical Samples, Taghreed Khudhur Mohammed, Khalil Molod Wahab, Mohammed Abed Jawad

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The prevalence of candidacies caused by Candida albicans has increased years ago. The samples (Vaginal swabs; urethral swabs; urine; and ear swabs) were cultured on Sabourauds Dextrose Agar and CHROM agar™Candida to detect Candida albicans in patients clinically suffered from candidiasis. Six hundred and five clinical samples were collected from patients whose ages ranged from (20 – 69) years. All Candida albicans isolates were identified by using microscopic examination in wet smear and stained smear; in addition to germ tube test and API Candida. The highest rate of Candida albicans infections were 73.3% in pregnant women in age group (20 …

Status Of Certain Elements In Patients With Polycythemia, Alyaa Kadhum Huliel, Ahmed Ghazi Sabbar

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Polycythemia" (erythrocytosis), is a condition characterized by abnormal increase in circulating red blood cells (RBCs) number resulting in an increased "PCV" (packed cell volume). Objective: Measure the levels of some trace elements in serum of patients with polycythemia. Patients and Methods: the study included 70 polycythemia patients (61 males and 9 females), their ages ranged 18-60 years, and 20 apparently healthy, their age and gender matched with the patients as a control group. The levels of (Fe, Zn, Pb and Cd) were measured in both patients and control. Results: Results obtained from this study showed that the male was …

Role Of 1?-Hydroxylase Enzyme And 25(Oh)D As A Biomarker Of Vitamin D Metabolism In Chronic Kidney Disease, Ameerah Hameed Mnazzal, Hanaa N. Abdullah

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Chronic kidney disease is identified as a risk factor for vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D deficiency is common and high in the chronic kidney disease population so it is recognized as a significant public health problem. The objective of this study was to 1) measured 25(OH)D and 1α-hydroxylase levels. 2) Correlation between 25(OH)D and 1α-hydroxylase among patients with vitamin D deficient and CKD. Blood samples were collected, from 50 patients suffer from CKD and have Vitamin D deficiency, and 50 healthy persons as control group. The biochemical results showed that blood urea, creatinine, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels a highly …

Validity Of Airway Assessment Of The Thyromental Distance And Mallampati Test For Predicting Difficult Intubation, Ismael W. Ismael, Hussam K. Mughamis

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Unanticipated difficult tracheal intubation is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in anesthetized patients. A number of modules have been developed to predict difficult airways, but they are often complex in nature. Aim of this study to determine the accuracy of the modified Mallampati test for predicting difficult tracheal intubation before induction of anesthesia by using the Mallampati scores and other parameters such as BMI, difficult mask ventilation. Fifty adult patients were prospectively analyzed of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II. All adult patients (> 18 years) presenting for any type of non-emergency surgical procedures …

Bond Strength Of Flexible Resin To Cobalt-Chromium Using Different Designs Of Laser Surface Treatments, Nawal Abed Sabbar, Hawraa Khalid Aziz

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Objective: This study was oriented to evaluate the effect of different laser surface treatment designs on improving the shear bond strength of the flexible resin to cobalt chromium denture base. Materials and methods: 30 specimens of flexible resin bonded into cobalt chromium denture base material were prepared for this study. They were divided according to the type of surface treatment as follow: Group I without any treatment (control group), Group II was treated with laser in line design. While Group III was treated with laser in a mesh design. The shear bond strength was measured using the Instron testing machine. …

Mode And Complications Of Delivery In Pregnant Women Who Had Used Cervical Cerclage, Nabella K. Yakoob, Sammar Mounther Jamal, Nihad Khalawe Tektook, Ali Abdul Hussein Mahdi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: A cerclage is used to prevent early changes in a woman’s cervix, thus preventing premature labor, but many complications of cerclage may occur such as infections as vaginal discharge due to vulvovaginitis, bleeding, and abortion.aim of study: study the Complications of delivery in pregnant women who had used cervical cerclage. Subject and method: This A cross sectional study conducted in Obstetri Cesarean section and Gynecology ward and outpatient clinic in Salah Al-Din Teaching Hospital at the period from the first of March 2018 to the end of August 2018. Convenience sample of (120) women in different ages. Results: The …

Immunohistochemical Expression Of Androgen Receptor (Ar) And Its Relationship With Clinicpathological Parameters In Breast Cancer, Wafaa Fadhil Hamad

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Breast carcinoma is one of the most common malignant and the leading cause of cancer related death among women all around the world. Gene expression profiling characterized 4 major groups of BC, which classified patients into Luminal A, Luminal B, HER-2/neu enriched, and Triple Negative BC (TNBC) . Among the members of the steroid receptor superfamily the role of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) and HER2 are play a role in breast cancer as both predictive and prognostic markers and management of therapy. Androgen Receptor (AR) is a steroid nuclear receptor involved in complex signaling pathways that are …

Effect Of The Exposure To Radioactive Iodine I-131 On Lymphocyte And Granulocyte Levels In Blood Samples Of Hospital Workers, Zena A. Khalaf, Hameed M. Jasim, Satar M. Kadam, Ali A. Mahdi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study was achieved to examine the impact on hematological parameters for medical workers that work on radioactive iodine I131 . Its indicated that’s the mean value of radiation exposed (RE) workers were 29.2% of lymphocyte and 64.4% granulocyte% in compared with 30.2% and 60.6% respectively of radiation unexposed persons. Results showed that 17% of granulocyte increased, while 8.5% of the granulocyte level was declined in compared to fluctuated decrease and increase in the lymphocyte level in hospital workers. Results showed that there females are higher influenced than male. Finally, the study indicated that Complete blood count is promising, safe …

Investigation Of Antimicrobial Activities Of Lactuca Sativa (L.) Extracts Against Clinical Pathogens, Shahbaa M. Al-Khazraji, Emad M. Rasheed

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The present study describes the antimicrobial activity of 3 extracts of Lactuca sativa Linn. (Lettuce), collected from the local markets in Baghdad. Successive petroleum ether, methanol and ethyl acetate+water extracts of Lactuca sativa leaves were tested (in vitro) for their antimicrobial activities by agar-well diffusion assay. All extracts displayed varied levels of antibacterial or antifungal activity. The petroleum ether extract exhibited antibacterial effect against all of the tested bacteria and the diameter of zones varied between 14-20 mm. The petroleum ether extract of Lactuca sativa leaves presented a good activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica, 20 mm, …

Effect Of Smoking On Heart Rate And Blood Pressure During Exercise Test And Recovery Period In Patients With Angina Pectoris, Hakemia S. Hassan

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

There is an established link between smoking abnormal heart rate; blood pressure and impaired cardiovascular health in middle aged or older population .Objective of the study to evaluate the effectiveness of smoking on heart rate and blood pressure during exercise test and recovery period in angina pectoris' patients. Method :The sample consisted of (50) patients with Angina Pectoris who were systematically selected one by one from those attend to medical clinic for exercise test in Baghdad teaching hospital. The study was carried out during the period between September2016 to March 2017. Their age range was (20-70) with a mean age …

The Chemotherapy Effect On Toxoplasmosis And Cytokines Status In Women With Breast Cancer, Entsar Jabbar Saheb, Dalya Falih, Maha Mustafa

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic protozoan in immunocompromised patients and the reactivation of a latent infection could cause severe influence. This study aimed to investigate the chemotherapy effect on the levels of T. gondii immunoglobulins IgG, Interleukins (IL) IL-6, IL-12 and IL-23 in women with breast cancer. In this study, 190 women were enrolled (100 samples were taken from outpatient clinics as control groups and 90 samples of women with breast cancer who attended to Oncology Teaching Hospital in Medical City Hospital in Baghdad from different Governorates in Iraq). All serum samples were tested for T. gondii immunoglobulins IgG antibodies, …

Screening And Dna Methylation Of Growth Hormone In Thyroidectomies Rats, A-S. U. Hassan, Najat Mohammed Flyyih, Ahmed Alobaidi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The goal of this research concerns with the methylation role for DNA of thyroidectomized lab rat. Thyroidectomy operation was applies on 40 lab rats. After 60 days of operation, these rats were injected with single dose/day of both GHL-T (2.5 mg/100 g Sc) and monkey anti-rGH serum (0.3 ml,ip). Deoxyribonucleic acid methylation of hypothalamic growth hormone gene expression was applied for lab animals subsequently by using northern blot analysis technique. The results of this experiment revealed significant correlation between thyroidectomy and decline in both thyroxine and thyroidiodotherionine values (p< 0.05) that’s affect GH value. Conclusion of this study proves that deoxyribonucleic acid methylation suppressing the feedback of growth hormone releasing hormone GRH to prevent physiological stress in thyroidectomized rats.

Determine The Antibacterial Activity Of Staphyloxathin Produced By Staphylococcus Aureus Against Some Bacteri, Fatima Amer Abdalgabar

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

A total of 70 isolate of staphylococcus (22.8%) isolated from 306 sample of different clinical sources that is diagnosing as S. aureus depending on cultural morphological and biochemical test. These characteristics include; colonial morphology, size of colony, color and the effect on the media such as blood hemolysis, pigments appear on Milk agar and ability to ferment mannitol. Staphyloxanthin pigment was extracted by using different methods included procedure one using chloroform, procedure two using methanol and procedure three using ethyl acetate with ethanol was the best method. Staphyloxanthin purified by using coolum chromatography, purified extract of Staphyloxanthin that isolated from …

A Surface Hardness Estimation Of Flexible Acrylic Resin After Glass Fiber Addition, Zaid Ezzat Abdulajeed, Israa Mohammed Hummudi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) is commonly used to fabricate removable denture. The development of polymer chemistry produce alternative materials to PMMA such as polyamides (nylon), acetyl resins, epoxy resins …. etc. All these resins are suited for thermoplastic processing; the flexibility of polyamide allows partial dentures be pressed in one piece including clasps. Glass fiber is the most widely used reinforcing material and account or almost 90% of the reinforcement in resins. The addition of fiber to provisional restorative resin increases tensile strength, fracture toughness and surface hardness.Objective of the study: Evaluation to improve mechanical property of surface hardness …

Role Of Microrna-221 And Hcv Genotype In Predicting Chronic Liver Disease Among Iraqi Patients, Leena Falh Abdalreda, Dawood Salman Dawood, Akram Ajeel Najeeb

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been repeatedly shown to play important roles in liver pathologies, including hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer. miRNAs are small RNA molecules that have the ability to regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA degradation or translational repression. miRNA-221 is one of the over 700 kinds of currently known miRNAs and is up-regulated in multiple tumors. This work was carried out to evaluate the ratio of HCV genotype in the studied sample of Iraqi HCV positive patients and to assess the expression level of miRNA-221 in the plasma as a diagnostic marker of liver injury in chronic hepatitis …

Healthcare Quality Improvement: Then And Now, Patricia S. Schroeder, Lenard L. Parisi, Rhonda Foster

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Does Ethnic Identity, In-Group Preference, And Acculturation Protect Latinas With A History Of Interpersonal Trauma From Developing Symptoms Of Ptsd?, Evelyn M. Ramirez

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Previous research suggests ethnic identity, a sense of belonging to a particular cultural group, may be protective against symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the role of ethnic identity, in-group preference (i.e., an individual’s preference for interactions with members of their own ethnic group) and acculturation (i.e., the level of comfort with the mainstream culture) have not been investigated as protective factors for Latinas with a history of interpersonal and sexual trauma. In this study, ethnic identity, in-group preference and acculturation were assessed via self-report on the Scale of Ethnic Experience in two samples of undergraduate Latina and non-Latina …

A Low-Cost Soft Robotic Hand Exoskeleton For Use In Therapy Of Limited Hand–Motor Function, Grant Rudd, Liam Daly, Vukica Jovanovic, Filip Cukov

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

We present the design and validation of a low-cost, customizable and 3D-printed anthropomorphic soft robotic hand exoskeleton for rehabilitation of hand injuries using remotely administered physical therapy regimens. The design builds upon previous work done on cable actuated exoskeleton designs by implementing the same kinematic functionality, but with the focus shifted to ease of assembly and cost effectiveness as to allow patients and physicians to manufacture and assemble the hardware necessary to implement treatment. The exoskeleton was constructed solely from 3D-printed and widely available of-the-shelf components. Control of the actuators was realized using an Arduino microcontroller, with a custom-designed shield …

A Musician Centered Toolkit For Audiologists, Ava Bonavita

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The toolkit for audiologists working with musicians includes a set of materials for use in a musician centered audiology practice. Given the rise in streaming of music by individuals of all ages and the recognition of susceptibility of musicians to hearing loss, the prevalence of hearing loss is on the rise necessitating the need for materials and protocols to better protect, educate, and treat music lovers of all ages who may be prone to hearing loss. Music induced hearing loss typically falls under the category of recreational noise exposure, a subset of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). Musicians are the …

Electroencephalographic Asymmetry, Emotion Regulation, And Their Relationships With Depression Risk, Aliza Jacob

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Research investigating patterns of electroencephalographic (EEG) brain asymmetry aids our understanding of neural systems involved in the processing of emotion, motivation, and psychopathology. Withdrawal-motivated negative emotions characteristic of depression are associated with relative right prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity, whereas approach- motivated positive emotions are associated with relative left PFC activity. Styles of emotion regulation (ER), or modulation of the intensity and duration of emotional responses, are also associated with presence (e.g., suppression, or maladaptive ER) versus absence (e.g., cognitive reappraisal, or adaptive ER) of depression vulnerability. Most PFC asymmetry studies of emotion, depression, and/or ER rely upon EEG recorded …

Emotion Processing Deficits In Psychopathy: Does Cueing To Relevant Facial Features Increase Cognitive And Emotional Empathy?, Shawn E. Fagan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Psychopathy is a multifaceted disorder characterized by a lack of cognitive and emotional empathy. The traditional model of psychopathy divides the disorder into two factors: Factor 1 consists of the interpersonal and affective traits of psychopathy while Factor 2 measures antisocial behaviors and lifestyle choices. The attention-to-the-eyes hypothesis argues that psychopathic individuals have impaired emotion recognition (specifically for fear) due to deficits in orienting attention to salient facial features like the eyes. Psychopathic individuals also display blunted autonomic responding to emotional stimuli, though whether this is due to attention-orienting deficits remains to be clarified. The present project investigated whether empathy-related …

Impact Of Religiosity And Level Of Acculturation On Cultural Alignment: An Exploration Of Terror Management Mechanisms Among Muslim American Women, Farah T. Goheer

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

ABSTRACT

Impact of Religiosity and Level of Acculturation on Cultural Alignment: An Exploration of Terror Management Mechanisms among Muslim American Women

by

Farah Taha Goheer, M.A.

Advisor: Joel Sneed, Ph.D.

Background: Terror management theory (TMT) is based upon the notion that human beings require ongoing psychological protection from the unyielding, existential threat of death. A large body of evidence has shown that human beings manage death-related terror by aligning with and endorsing the dominant views of their cultural worldviews. Notably, as immigrants experience a new culture, worldviews become rearticulated to incorporate elements of host and heritage cultures. However, it is …

The Lived Experience Of Spirituality In The Lives Of Caribbean Men, Camille A. O. Hamilton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This is a qualitative phenomenological study exploring the lived experience of spirituality in the lives of English-speaking Caribbean men, aged 40-60 years old, living with chronic illness and residing in the United States. In this study Caribbean men living with chronic illness are asked to reflect on their lived experiences and evolution of the experienced phenomenon of spirituality. A purposive sample of eleven English-speaking men from the Caribbean, living with chronic illness were recruited and interviewed for this study. Max van Manen’s 1997 Methodological Structure of Human Science Research was used as the phenomenological guide. The exploration uncovered 4 essential …

Observing Growth Effects Of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor On Human Retinal Pericytes In Vitro, Anjalee Choudhury, Andrew Tsin, Zachary Perez, Fransisco Elisarraras

School of Medicine Publications

The purpose of this study is to investigate and determine the role of PEDF in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy as induced by advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Human retinal pericytes were isolated from donors and will be measured for cell proliferation under the influence of PEDF both in the presence and absence of AGEs. Expected outcomes involve both the maintenance and increased survival of HRPs after treatment with PEDF under stimulated hyperglycemic conditions.

Developing A Dissociative Nanocontainer For Peptide Drug Delivery, Michael Patrick Kelly

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The potency and specificity of bioactive peptides have propelled these agents to the forefront of pharmacological research. However, delivery of peptides to their molecular target in cells is a major obstacle to their widespread application. A Trojan Horse strategy of packaging a bioactive peptide within a modified protein cage to protect it during transport, and releasing it at the target site, is a promising delivery method. Recent work has demonstrated that the viral capsid of the P22 bacteriophage can be loaded with an arbitrary, genetically-encoded peptide, and externally decorated with a cell-penetrating peptide, such as HIV-Tat, to translocate across in …

Effect Of Oxidized Soybean Oil On The Immune Response To Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Modified Live Virus Vaccine In Nursery Pigs, Alongkot Boonsoongnern, Pichai Jirawattanapong, Win Surachetpong, Prapassorn Boonsoongnern, Pariwat Poolperm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study evaluated the effect of oxidized soybean oil on the immune response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome modified live vaccine (PRRS-MLV), and the oxidative stress status in nursery pigs.Seventycastrated weaned pigs, from a free PRRS virus infected herd, were divided into two groups: treatment group (n=63) and control group (n=7). The treatment pigs were vaccinated with the PRRS-MLV and then divided into three groups based on different diet types containing different soybean oils: (A) 5% fresh oil, (B) 5% heated oil for 43 h, and (C) 5% heated oil for 38 h. The control pigs were not vaccinated …