Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Use Of The Kawa Model To Facilitate Interprofessional Collaboration: A Pilot Study, Jennifer E. Lape, Ashley Lukose, Diana R.M. Ritter, Brian D. Scaife

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The Kawa (river in Japanese) model uses the metaphor of a river to view one’s life from a metaphysical perspective, with consideration given to the interaction between social and physical environments, life circumstances, assets, and liabilities. Preliminary research suggests that the Kawa model may be an effective tool for interprofessional collaboration, but studies employing the model with diverse groups of healthcare professionals have not been undertaken. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine if the Kawa model could serve as an effective collaboration tool for a diverse healthcare team within a skilled nursing facility.

Method: A pilot …

Factors Affecting Student Persistence Into Athletic Training Programs, Heather Hudson, Valerie Herzog

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that contribute to student persistence and gauge prospective athletic training students' perceptions of experiences that contributed to their persistence. Method: The Athletic Training Student Persistence-Revised Survey was developed to gather data about program attributes, social, academic, clinical integration, and program commitment. Institutional demographics, program demographics, and program attributes were collected during interviews. Surveys were administered online through SurveyMonkey. Survey data were returned anonymously by designated contact persons (Athletic Training Program Directors or Clinical Education Coordinators) for all freshmen prospective athletic training students enrolled in the athletic training introductory course/s. …

Athletic Training Student And Student Aide Clinical Task Allowance In The Secondary School Setting, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Robert A. Huggins, Lindsey E. Eberman

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Athletic training student aides (SA) are minors in high school that participate in an athletic training experience under the supervision of secondary school athletic trainers (SSAT). The NATA published an official statement on the proper supervision of SAs related to task allowance. As SSATs may also supervise athletic training students (ATSs), it is important to understand the differences in both. Therefore, the objective was to explore the training, task allowance, and perspectives of SAs and ATSs by SSATs during clinical experiences. Methods: We used a cross-sectional, web-based survey for this study. SSATs (n=3,567) from the ATLAS database were recruited …

Stereotyping As A Major Barrier To Achievement Of Interprofessional Education Competencies: A Narrative Literature Review, Christine Conroy

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: A major advancement in interprofessional(IP) practice and education has been the introduction of the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) core competencies. The purpose of this study is to explore stereotyping as a barrier to achievement of the IPEC competencies. Methods: There has been research into barriers to interprofessional collaboration and some barrier themes have occurred. But to this point, nothing has been studied on barriers to the use of the IPEC core competencies. This study aims to show barriers to achievement of the IPEC competencies through a narrative literature review. Articles were selected from three databases: CINAHL, …

Organizational Socialization: Experiences Of Junior Faculty In Athletic Training Education Programs, Stephanie M. Mazerolle, Sara Nottingham, Kelly Coleman

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Background: New faculty members become oriented to their new positions through numerous methods, such as institutional mechanisms as well as networking with various individuals. The process of acculturation is often complex, and best understood from a socialization framework. Role transition for the faculty member is often accomplished through professional socialization, or the experiences prior to beginning a faculty position. However, role transition also continues once the newly minted doctoral student is catapulted into employment. This dynamic, on-going process is often seen as organizational socialization. Objective: We sought to understand how Athletic Training faculty members navigate role transition, from doctoral student …

Interprofessional Role Clarity, Case-Based Learning, And Perceptions Of Group Effectiveness Among Athletic Training And Physical Therapy Students In A Shared Professional Course, Katie Sniffen, Erick Briggs, Leslie Hinyard, Anthony P. Breitbach

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Health professions students experience professional socialization during their program of study. Institutions have turned to interprofessional education as a means of preparing students for their role as collaborative health care professionals. This study examines the effect of case-based learning experiences in a shared professional Therapeutic Modalities course on student’s interprofessional role clarity as well as the relationship between interprofessional role clarity and measure of group effectiveness. Methods: 112 students (22 Athletic Training and 90 Physical Therapy) were assigned to one of 18 interprofessional and 18 uniprofessional teams and asked to complete four case-based learning activities. All students completed …

Prior History Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (Acl) Reconstruction Is Associated With A Greater Risk Of Subsequent Acl Injury In Female Collegiate Athletes, Jason Brumitt, Alma Mattocks, Amy Engilis, Dale Isaak, Jeremy Loew

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Objectives: The risk of a subsequent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sprain is greater in high school aged female athletes with prior history of ACL reconstruction (ACLR) than in age-matched controls. The risk of a subsequent ACL injury in female collegiate athletes with prior ACLR is unknown. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relative risk of a subsequent ACL injury in female collegiate athletes with prior ACLR when compared to age-matched controls. The secondary purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of jump and hop tests to discriminate ACL injury risk.

Design: Prospective cohort.

Methods: …

Delta-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Photodiagnoses In Surgical Oncology: A Historical Review Of Clinical Trials., Joseph F Georges, Amber Valeri, Huan Wang, Aaron Brooking, Michael Kakareka, Steve S Cho, Zein Al-Atrache, Michael Bamimore, Hany Osman, Joseph Ifrach, Si Yu, Carrie Li, Denah Appelt, John Y K Lee, Peter Nakaji, Kristin Brill, Steven S. Yocom

PCOM Scholarly Works

Fluorescence imaging is an emerging clinical technique for real-time intraoperative visualization of tumors and their boundaries. Though multiple fluorescent contrast agents are available in the basic sciences, few fluorescence agents are available for clinical use. Of the clinical fluorophores, delta aminolevulinic acid (5ALA) is unique for generating visible wavelength tumor-specific fluorescence. In 2017, 5ALA was FDA-approved for glioma surgery in the United States. Additionally, clinical studies suggest this agent may have utility in surgical subspecialties outside of neurosurgery. Data from dermatology, OB/GYN, urology, cardiothoracic surgery, and gastrointestinal surgery show 5ALA is helpful for intraoperative visualization of malignant tissues in multiple …

Low Prevalence Of Patellar Tendon Abnormality And Low Incidence Of Patellar Tendinopathy In Female Collegiate Volleyball Players, Marcey Keefer Hutchison, Christopher Patterson, Tyler Cuddeford, Robert Dudley, Eric Sorenson, Jason Brumitt

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The prevalence of patellar tendinopathy has been reported to be as high as 50% in elite male volleyball (VB) players; however, the rate of injury in female collegiate VB athletes is unknown. The purpose of this study was to 1) identify the prevalence of ultrasonographic evidence of patellar tendon abnormality at the start of the preseason in female collegiate VB players; 2) report the incidence of tendinopathy during the season; and 3) determine if the preseason presence of tendon abnormality is associated with onset of disease. One hundred and six female collegiate VB players had both patellar tendons imaged. Incidence …

Does Physical Therapy Produce Value For Post-Operative And/Or Non-Operative Foot And Ankle Patients?, Jeff Houck, Christopher Neville, Kostantinos Vasalos, Chad Condidorio, Kathleen Fear, Judith F. Baumhauer

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Introduction/Purpose: Healthcare is at a unique time in history where patient reported outcomes have become important in assessing value and subsequent reimbursement with pay-4-performance initiatives. It is unclear whether physical function, pain and depressive symptoms can assist providers determine if additional physical therapy may improve care for foot and ankle patients considering post-op and/or non-operative care. The purpose of this research was to examine symptom severity (PROMIS PF, PI, and Dep) after surgery or with non-operative care at the start of formal physical therapy to determine if this symptom severity presentation and/or change in symptoms over time are predictors of …

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (Ends): Reasons For Use And Associated Factors In Self-Selected Nicotine Concentrations, David D. Allen Iii

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study aimed to examine e-cigarette user reasons for use, changes in their nicotine concentrations, and factors associated with changes in their chosen nicotine concentrations.

Formulation Development, Preclinical Testing, And Primary Packaging Optimization For Cannabinoids And Other Therapeutics, Pranjal Taskar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Through the process of drug development, a molecule goes through discovery screening; lead selection and optimization, ADME testing, toxicity profiling, dosage form determination, preclinical testing in an in vitro and in vivo setup, folloby clinical research, FDA review and approval until eventually it is manufactured in the determined dosage form and reaches the patient. At every point through this process, scientists actively work towards a smoother transition and a quick and safe approval of the molecule towards the next step. The different chapters in this research would cover various phases of drug development; from discovery stage to fill-finish and primary …

Reward And Punishment: The Neural Correlates Of Reinforcement Feedback During Motor Learning, Christopher Mark Hill

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

‘By the carrot or the stick’ reward or punishment has been contemplated by instructors to motivate their pupils to learn a new motor skill. The reinforcements of reward and punishment have demonstrated dissociable effects on motor learning with punishment enhancing the learning rate and reward increasing retention of the motor task. However it is still unclear how the brain processes reward and punishment during motor learning. This study sought to investigate the role of reinforcement feedback in cortical neural activity associated with motor learning. A novel visuomotor rotation task was employed with reward punishment or null feedback as the participants …

Effects Of The Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist Dora-22 On Sleep In 5xfad Mice, Marilyn J. Duncan, Hannah Farlow, Chairtra Tirumalaraju, Do-Hyun Yun, Chanung Wang, James A. Howard, Madison N. Sanden, Bruce F. O'Hara, Kristen J. Mcquerry, Adam D. Bachstetter

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Introduction: Sleep disruption is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that may exacerbate disease progression. This study tested whether a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA) would enhance sleep and attenuate neuropathology, neuroinflammation, and cognitive deficits in an AD-relevant mouse model, 5XFAD.

Methods: Wild-type (C57Bl6/SJL) and 5XFAD mice received chronic treatment with vehicle or DORA-22. Piezoelectric recordings monitored sleep and spatial memory was assessed via spontaneous Y-maze alternations. Aβ plaques, Aβ levels, and neuroinflammatory markers were measured by immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively.

Results: In 5XFAD mice, DORA-22 significantly increased light-phase sleep without reducing Aβ levels, …

Investigating Neurogenesis As A Veritable Epigenetic Endophenotype For Alzheimer's Disease, Layne Wells

Scripps Senior Theses

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive amyloid plaque aggregation, neurofibrillary tangles, and cortical tissue death. As the prevalence of AD is projected to climb in coming years, there is a vested interest in identifying endophenotypes by which to improve diagnostics and direct clinical interventions. The risk for complex disorders, such as AD, is influenced by multiple genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Significant strides have been made in identifying genetic variants linked to AD through the genome-wide association study (GWAS). It has been estimated in more recent years, however, that GWAS-identified variants account for limited …

Oral Contraceptive Pills Are Not A Risk Factor For Deep Vein Thrombosis Or Pulmonary Embolism After Arthroscopic Shoulder Surgery, Austin V. Stone, Avinesh Agarwalla, Anirudh K. Gowd, Cale A. Jacobs, Jeffrey A Macalena, Bryson P. Lesniak, Nikhil N. Verma, Anthony A. Romeo, Brian Forsythe

Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Worldwide, more than 100 million women between the ages of 15 and 49 years take oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). OCP use increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) through its primary drug, ethinylestradiol, which slows liver metabolism, promotes tissue retention, and ultimately favors fibrinolysis inhibition and thrombosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of OCP use on VTE after arthroscopic shoulder surgery.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: A large national payer database (PearlDiver) was queried for patients undergoing arthroscopic shoulder surgery. The incidence of VTE was evaluated in female patients taking OCPs and those not taking …

Lung Cancer Screening In A Community Setting: Characteristics, Motivations, And Attitudes Of Individuals Being Screened, Margaret M. Byrne, Sarah E. Lillie, Jamie L. Studts

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

We describe the characteristics of individuals being screened in community settings including factors influencing screening decisions and the level of information sought prior to screening. Individuals from two community-based radiology clinics (N = 27) were surveyed after screening. Screening efficacy and salience were the most important factors in screening decisions, whereas healthcare provider recommendations were rated not important. Half of participants reported no or little conversation about screening with their primary care provider, and 61.5 percent had not sought any information on screening. Individuals being screened in a community setting are unlikely to have sufficient information for an informed …

Attending To The Not-So-Little "Little Things": Practicing Trauma-Informed Pediatric Health Care, Aimee K. Hildenbrand, Scottie B. Day, Meghan L. Marsac

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

General Philippine Hospital, Manila, Philippines, Cara Cecil

Posters

Describes her experience working in the Philippine General Hospital/University of the Philippines providing care in the pediatric ICU, neonatal ICU, and emergency department.

Pediatria En Panama: A Spanish International Health Experience, Vickie Blanco

Posters

Reports learning experiences while working with several pediatric care facilities in Panama.

Global Health Experience: Laos Friends Hospital For Children, Ashley Daniel

Posters

Outlines the learning experiences of a pediatric resident working within the Laos Friends Hospital for Children.

Panama: Exploration Of Multiple Health Care Settings And Spanish Immersion, Danielle Gonzales

Posters

Details how the urban and rural settings of Panama offer an unique opportunity for Spanish immersion and disease pathology learning experiences.

Rhabdomyolysis Associations With Antibiotics: A Pharmacovigilance Study Of The Fda Adverse Event Reporting System (Faers), Chengwen Teng Pharm.D., Ph.D., Courtney Baus, James P. Wilson, Christopher R. Frei

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Daptomycin, macrolides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, linezolid, fluoroquinolones, and cefdinir are known to be associated with rhabdomyolysis. Other antibiotics may also lead to rhabdomyolysis, but no study has systemically compared rhabdomyolysis associations for many available antibiotics.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between rhabdomyolysis and many available antibiotics using the FDA Adverse Event Report System (FAERS).

Methods: FAERS reports from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2017 were included in the study. The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) was used to identify rhabdomyolysis cases. Reporting Odds Ratios (RORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the …

Synthesis Of A Novel Surface Active, Light Sensitive Polymer For Encapsulation And Delivery Of Paclitaxel, Amit Raviraj Pillai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Melanoma and non-melanoma (basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma) skin cancer (NMSC) have been recognized as an epidemic as they happen to be the most comtype of cancers in the white population. Cancer cell targeting i.e. differentiating cancer cells from normal cells has been an area of active research to reduce the side effects of cancer chemotherapy. For this research project, we have developed a novel light sensitive Methylene Blue (MB)-Polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugate with significant surfactant properties. The aim of this study was to synthesize a smart light sensitive polymer which activates and releases the encapsulated drug on exposure …

Investigation Of Theophylline Nicotinamide Pharmaceutical Co-Crystals Utilizing Hot Melt Extrusion, Priyanka Srinivasan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of the current study was to investigate the feasibility of Theophylline and Nicotinamide pharmaceutical co-crystals by hot melt extrusion technology and to evaluate the processability by using HPMCAS-MG and PEO as polymer carriers. Theophylline, a BCS class I was chosen as a model drug and Nicotinamide, a vitamin B family was selected as a suitable co-former for the co-crystals study. HPMCAS-MG, a synthetic polymer and PEO, water-soluble polymer were chosen as polymer carriers for the study. To optimize the process parameters and formulations, a physical mixture of 1:1 molar ratio of theophylline and nicotinamide were prepared. Physical mixture …

Application Of Quality By Design And Process Analytical Technology Towards Hot-Melt Extrusion Processes, Priyanka Thipsay

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery systems were developed instead of a conventional liquid system. Solid surfactants was chosen to emulsify lipids with different HLB properties. Type of surfactant, type of lipid, Lipid/surfactant L/S ratio, feed rate, screw speed and screw configuration, were the formulation and process parameters evaluated. Solid self-emulsifying drug delivery systems were successfully developed on the hot-melt extruder for the first time which is a continuous processing technology.

Novel Application Of Melt Extrusion And Additive Manufacturing On Developing Diverse Dosages, Jiaxiang Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

New drug product development is a time consuming and costly process. One of the significant challenges is the poor aqueous solubility of many active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Among those techniques, hot-melt extrusion(HME) is optimal for pharmaceutical solid dispersion development because of it free of using an organic solvent, easy scale up, and suitable for continuous processing with ensured optimal quality control.

Comparative Effectiveness And Safety Of Non-Vitamin K Antagonists Oral Anticoagulants And Warfarin In Elderly Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation And Diabetes, Siddhi Korgaonkar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Results: The matched sample consisted of 4578 patients (2291 in each group). NOACs were found to significantly reduce the risk of stroke/SE compared to warfarin (Hazard Ratio (HR): 0.373, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.247 - 0.564, p<0.001); but, no significant difference was seen between NOACs and warfarin in terms of reducing the risk of MI (HR: 0.864, CI: 0.594 – 1.257, p=0.446). NOACs were found to significantly reduce the risk of ICH (HR: 0.500, CI: 0.300 – 0.834, p=0.008) and OB (HR: 0.608, CI: 0.424 – 0.870, p=0.007); but no difference was seen in the risk of MGB (HR: 0.862, CI: 0.640 – 1.160, p=0.326) between NOACs and warfarin. NOACs were also found to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality (HR: 0.783, CI:0.656 – 0.873, p=0.007). The composite of effectiveness and safety outcomes, and all-cause mortality was statistically significant proving superior overall effectiveness and safety of NOAC therapy to warfarin therapy in terms of risk reduction (HR:0.685, CI:0.587 – 0.801, p<0.001).

Validation Of A Brief Screening Instrument For Psychopathology In Adults, Adam Sattler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Structured diagnostic interviews are generally considered to be the gold standard method of assessing mental health conditions; however clinicians rarely use such techniques in clinical practice. A major factor contributing to the infrequent use of structured interviews is the amount of time required for administration and interpretation. As such there is a need to develop assessment instruments that balance the objectivity and structure of evidence-based assessment techniques against personnel time and cost. To address this need the current study sought to validate a brief screening instrument for assessing 9 commental health conditions using a well-researched structured clinical interview to establish …

E-Cigarettes And Conventional Cigarettes: Perceived Risks And Benefits Among College Students, Evi Addoh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT Background: Accompanying the decline in cigarette smoking rates has been a rise in prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use. The ongoing investigations on the health impact of e-cigarettes have been accompanied by mixed messages and a lack of consensus which may lead college students to rely on their own perceptions of risk and benefits in deciding whether to use e-cigarettes. Conclusion: Considering the significant association of perceived risks and benefits with e-cigarette and cigarette use this study yields some findings that show the importance of appropriately addressing perceptions. It is paramount to keep the public updated on pertinent research …