Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Scoop, Vol. 5 Issue 8, November 2018, Health Sciences Library

Volume 5

Latest news and events from the Health Sciences Library in our monthly newsletter for November 2018.

Blood Transfusions In Preterm Infants: Changes On Perfusion Index And Intermittent Hypoxemia, Katrina T. Ibonia, Henrietta S. Bada, Philip M. Westgate, Enrique Gomez Pomar, Prasad Bhandary, Abhijit R. Patwardhan, Elie G. Abu Jawdeh

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion decreases intermittent hypoxemia (IH) events beyond the first week of life. This benefit may be related to improved perfusion to the respiratory control network. Perfusion index (PI) is a perfusion measure provided by the pulse oximeter. We hypothesized that the benefit in IH after RBC transfusion is associated with an increase in PI. In addition, we assessed the value of PI and clinical measures in predicting the effect of RBC transfusion on IH.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

We prospectively enrolled infants less than 30 weeks' gestation age. PI and oxygen saturation (SpO₂) …

Cime Newsletter : November 2018, Cime

Centre for Innovation in Medical Education (CIME) Archives

-A Knowledge Enhancement and Skills Updating Workshop For 75 Infection Control Nurses and Staff
-Acquiring Skills, Knowledge and Confidence in Transurethral Resection of the Prostate and Transurethral Resection of Bladder – A Simulation Workshop
-A Pioneering Simulation Session for Nursing Year III Students
-A First Interdisciplinary Tracheostomy Workshop for AKU
-SimWars 2019
-The Department of Surgery holds a Mini Breast Surgery Symposium
-Staff in Action!

Rare Case Of Giant Asymptomatic Left Coronary Artery Aneurysm Of 10 Cm Associated With Coronary Cameral Fistula, Ali Afzal, Mohamad Sharbatji, Hussain Nawaz, Muqeet Siddiqui

Section of Internal Medicine

A giant coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) associated with a coronary cameral fistula is an extremely rare finding. Most cases of CAAs are asymptomatic. The incidence of CAA varies between 0.3% to 5.3%. Due to advancements in diagnostic technologies, the incidence of CAA is on the rise. Even in the modern days of medical science, the clinical course of CAA is still unpredictable and the suitable timing for the treatment of CAA is still open to debate. We reported a case of a giant coronary artery aneurysm in a 38-year-old female, which was 9.4 x 9.7 x 9.2cm in size, arising …

Diagnostic Value Of Gauze Filtration Technique: A Comparison With Conventional Methods In A Diagnostic Laboratory In Pakistan, Naima Maqsood, Aymen Shakeel, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Ahmed Raheem Buksh, ,Feroz Zaheruddin, Ghazala Jabeen, Afsheen Raza, Mohammad A. Beg

Section of Internal Medicine

Background: Intestinal parasites cause significant morbidity and impact human development with an enormous global burden. Diagnosis of intestinal parasites by conventional methods has several limitations. The gauze filtration technique is a relatively simple method that has been shown to identify intestinal parasites with a high sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of this technique as compared to more conventional methods in a large acclaimed laboratory within Pakistan.

Methods: A total of 50 stool samples collected for routine diagnostic workup from patients age between 2-70 years were collected from the parasitology section of …

963. Whole Blood Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Differences In Erythropoiesis And Neurologically Relevant Pathways Between Cerebral Malaria And Severe Malarial Anemia, Srinivas Nallandhighal, Gregory Park, Yen-Yi Ho, Robert Opoka, Chandy John, Tuan Tran

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Plasmodium falciparum malaria can rapidly progress to severe disease that can lead to death if left untreated. Severe malaria cases commonly present as severe malarial anemia (SMA), defined in children as hemoglobin (Hb) <5 g/dL with parasitemia, or as cerebral malaria (CM), which manifests as parasitemia with acute neurological deficits and has an inpatient mortality rate of ~20%. The molecular and cellular processes that lead to CM and SMA are unclear.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we compared genome-wide transcription profiles of whole blood obtained from Ugandan children with acute CM (n = 17) or SMA (n = 17) and community children without P. falciparum infection (n = 12) who were enrolled in a parent cohort study of severe malaria. We determined the relationships between gene expression, hematological indices, and plasma biomarkers, including inflammatory cytokines. …

Mapping Maternal Mortality Rate Via Spatial Zero-Inflated Models For Count Data: A Case Study Of Facility-Based Maternal Deaths From Mozambique, Osvaldo Loquiha, Niel Hens, Leonardo Chavane, Marleen Temmerman, Nafissa Osman, Christel Faes, Marc Aerts

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Maternal mortality remains very high in Mozambique, with estimates from 2015 showing a maternal mortality ratio of 489 deaths per 100,000 live births, even though the rates tend to decrease since 1990. Pregnancy related hemorrhage, gestational hypertension and diseases such as malaria and HIV/AIDS are amongst the leading causes of maternal death in Mozambique, and a significant number of these deaths occur within health facilities. Often, the analysis of data on maternal mortality involves the use of counts of maternal deaths as outcome variable. Previously we showed that a class of hierarchical zero-inflated models were very successful in dealing with …

Port Site Parasitic Leiomyoma After Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Felix Oindi, Steve Mutiso, Timona Obura

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Uterine fibroids are the commonest benign gynecological tumors. Laparoscopic myomectomy is becoming increasingly popular as one of the surgical treatment options for symptomatic cases. Large tissues such as leiomyomas or even the uterus need to be morcellated in order to be retrieved from the abdominal cavity. Some of the morcellated fragments or small fibroids may be accidentally left in the abdominal cavity during the retrieval process. These may subsequently become implanted in the abdominal cavity, develop blood supply from the surrounding structures, and grow to form parasitic myomas with varied clinical presentation, depending on the location and size.

Case …

The Impact Of Depression On Patient Outcomes In Hip Arthroscopic Surgery., Robroy L. Martin, John J. Christoforetti, Ryan Mcgovern, Benjamin R. Kivlan, Andrew B. Wolff, Shane J. Nho, John P. Salvo, Thomas J. Ellis, Geoff Van Thiel, Dean Matsuda, Dominic S. Carreira

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Mental health impairments have been shown to negatively affect preoperative self-reported function in patients with various musculoskeletal disorders, including those with femoroacetabular impingement.

Hypothesis: Those with symptoms of depression will have lower self-reported function, more pain, and less satisfaction on initial assessment and at 2-year follow-up than those without symptoms of depression.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods: Patients who were enrolled in a multicenter hip arthroscopic surgery registry and had 2-year outcome data available were included in the study. Patients completed the 12-item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and …

Triatomines: Trypanosomatids, Bacteria, And Viruses Potential Vectors?, Caroline Barreto Viera, Yanna Reis Praça, Kaio Luis Da Silva Bentes, Paula Beatriz Santiago, Sofia Marcelino Martins Silva, Gabriel Dos Santos Silva, Flávia Nader Motta, Izabela Marques Dourado Bastos, Jaime Martins De Santana, Carla Nunes De Araújo

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Triatominae bugs are the vectors of Chagas disease, a major concern to public health especially in Latin America, where vector-borne Chagas disease has undergone resurgence due mainly to diminished triatomine control in many endemic municipalities. Although the majority of Triatominae species occurs in the Americas, species belonging to the genus Linshcosteus occur in India, and species belonging to the Triatoma rubrofasciata complex have been also identified in Africa, the Middle East, South-East Asia, and in the Western Pacific. Not all of Triatominae species have been found to be infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, but the possibility of establishing vector transmission …

Implementation Of Smart Pump Technology With Home Infusion Providers: An Assessment Of Clinician Workflow And Patient Satisfaction., Thomas D. Brown, Martha Michael, David S. Grady, Mary Ward

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

While hospitals have adopted smart pump technology (SPT) featuring drug libraries and medication safety software, most home infusion providers (HIPs) continue to use traditional infusion pumps that don't offer drug libraries or medication safety software. As infusion delivery is moving from the hospital to the home, the purpose of this study was to determine whether SPT was a feasible alternative at both a hospital-based and a rural HIP. HIP personnel were trained on an ambulatory infusion pump. Patients requiring home infusion used the pump and recorded daily pump interactions for 5 to 7 days. After the creation of a drug …

Mindfulness’S Effects On Undergraduate Nursing Students' Negative Mental Health Symptoms: A Systematic Review, Erin Sartorius

Honors Projects

Undergraduate nursing students endure unique stressors that potentiate negative consequences to their mental health. Mindfulness-based interventions may improve these negative mental health symptoms in nursing students. The objective of this review is to assess available research regarding the effects of mindfulness-based interventions on the negative mental health symptoms of undergraduate nursing students. The databases CINAHL Complete, PubMed, and PsycINFO were searched for relevant research. Search terms were brainstormed and individually assessed to determine relevancy to the research question. In order to be incorporated into this systematic review, all assessed studies needed to include (1) an intervention rooted in mindfulness, (2) …

Creating And Conducting Intergenerational Learning In Higher Education, Andrea Lauren Holt

Honors Projects

The creation, conduction and revision of a one of a kind intergenerational course taught in the Grand Valley State University Fredrick Meijer Honors College. Elders and Traditional Honors College Freshman came together in a mixed classroom in order to bridge the gaps of communication and misunderstanding between generations.

Hiv Diagnosis Disclosure To Infected Children And Adolescents; Challenges Of Family Caregivers In The Central Region Of Ghana, Anna Hayfron-Benjamin, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Stephen Ayisi-Addo, Peter Mate Siakwa, Sylvia Mupepi

Peer Reviewed Articles

Background

Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) to infected older children and adolescents is essential for both personal health maintenance and HIV prevention within the larger population. Non-disclosure of HIV status has been identified as one of the potential barriers to optimum adherence especially in children and adolescents. Like many other countries in the SSA region, Ghana has significant number of children and adolescents infected by HIV, who have increased survival times, due to increased access to ART. However, both family caregivers and healthcare workers face an array of challenges with the disclosure process, including the timing, what information about …

Leveling The Playing Field: Supporting Neurodiversity Via Virtual Realities, Louanne E. Boyd, Kendra Day, Natalia Stewart, Kaitlyn Abdo, Kathleen Lamkin, Erik J. Linstead

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Neurodiversity is a term that encapsulates the diverse expression of human neurology. By thinking in broad terms about neurological development, we can become focused on delivering a diverse set of design features to meet the needs of the human condition. In this work, we move toward developing virtual environments that support variations in sensory processing. If we understand that people have differences in sensory perception that result in their own unique sensory traits, many of which are clustered by diagnostic labels such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Sensory Processing Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Rett syndrome, dyslexia, and so on, then we …

Comorbidities, Risk, And Socioeconomic Factors Of Uninsured Cancer Survivors, Abu-Sayeef Mirza, Smitha Pabbathi, Yuanyuan Lu, Noura Ayoubi, Aldenise P. Ewing, Michael Jaglal, Richard Roetzheim

College of Medicine & TGH Faculty Publications

Cancer patients can be well-connected to resources during treatment but become lost to follow-up and subsequently may receive treatment in free clinics for chronic morbidities. Few studies have examined outcomes for uninsured patients with cancer histories in free clinics, but research examining socioeconomic determinants emphasizes poor cancer outcomes for patients with lower socioeconomic statuses (SES).

Demographic data and chronic disease measures were extracted from medical charts of patients treated in 8 free clinics in 2016 in Tampa Bay. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to demonstrate relationships between socioeconomic factors, cancer diagnoses, and comorbidities. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) …

Basics Of Compounding: Vehicles For Compounded Oral Liquid Medications: A Review, Kara Cutaia, Lipika Chablani, Fang Zhao

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Compounded oral liquid medications play an important role in addressing the unmet needs of special patient populations, including pediatric, geriatric, and tube fed patients. The use of manufactured vehicles can streamline the compounding activities for pharmacists. In recent years, there is an increase in the availability of manufactured vehicles with various promotional features. This article uses the general formulation principles as a guide to compare and contrast the manufactured vehicles regarding their physicochemical properties, presence of preservatives and dyes, organoleptic properties, and ease of use. A summary table is provided as a reference tool to assist pharmacists in selecting the …

Premedical Programs Newsletter, November-December 2018, University Of Dayton

Pre-Health Resource Center Campus Communications

Newsletter for students, staff, and faculty in the premedical and predental programs.

A Word From The Writing Team (November 2018), Jennifer Wilson, Ms, Els, Pam Walter, Mfa

A Word From the Writing Team (Newsletter)

This issue includes:

• New! Open Access Funds Available
• January Writing Retreat
• A Thanksgiving Thought

Case Review: Food Pattern Effects On Milk Lipid Profiles, Darby Dickton, Jimi Francis

Health & Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

It has been shown that maternal food intake determines the levels of unsaturated fatty acids that are present in human milk. This case study compares the human milk lipid profiles the first two weeks of lactation from women consuming three food patterns: vegan, standard American diet, and Asian. Participants were matched for demographics. The milk samples were analyzed using gas chromatography to determine the lipid profile for each participant. The lipid profiles differed by food pattern (p<0.007). Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid levels were highest for the vegan food pattern. The ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids were well above the suggested ratio considered to be optimal with the vegan pattern had the lowest omega-6 to omega-3 ratio and the highest level of docosahexaenoic acid, possibly indicating conversion of alpha-linoleic acid to docosahexaenoic acid. Further research is needed to determine the impact this may have on long-term infant health.

Feeding And Refusal Of Expressed And Stored Human (Fresh) Milk Study - A Short Communication, Jimi Francis, Darby Dickton

Health & Kinesiology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Breastfeeding initiation has been increasing to meet Healthy People 2020 goals. As breastfeeding initiation has increased, milk expression has increased. Consequently, storage of human milk has become more common. While it is reported anecdotally, there is no data available on the prevalence of infants refusing expressed, stored human milk. To fill this knowledge gap, a survey of lactating women indicates 25% of infants offered expressed, stored human milk refused to consume it. Almost one-third of respondents (29%) reported that the stored milk had an “odd” color. For the women reporting the refusal, 95% of those described an “off” smell to …

Inheritance Patterns, Challenges, And Outcomes Of Fracture Management In Osteopetrosis Patients. Case Series And Review Of Pertinent Literature, Obada Hussein Hasan, Aly Zaheer Pathan, Hammad Naqvi, Pervaiz Hashmi, Riaz Hussain Lakdawala

Department of Surgery Docs

Background: Osteopetrosis (OP) is a group of rare inheritable genetic disorders which show increased bone radiodensity on radiography. As no cure exists, careful symptomatic treatment is the mainstay in management due to brittle bone and frequent complications. We would like to present a case series of OP patients, their management, a review of literature about this rare disease and its genetic and inheritance patterns.
Materials and methods: Retrospective case series of 6 patients with OP seen at our institution from 2010 to January 2018. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for articles using the following keywords: Osteopetrosis, Radiology, Fracture and …

“A Voice In Your Ear” Podcast – The Second Year, Michael Lapelusa, Joy Alvarado, Ignacio Escobedo, Valerie Terry, Arden D. Dingle

School of Medicine Publications

In July of 2016, the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) School of Medicine matriculated their first cohort (Class of 2020). In an attempt to organize the advice that the Class of 2020 planned to provide future classes, a podcast was developed by several medical students from the Class of 2020 in cooperation with faculty and administration.

Implementation Of A Multimodal Hand Hygiene Intervention At A Rural Critical Access Hospital, Amy J. Hopp

Doctoral Projects

Healthcare acquired infections are the most common complication of hospital care in the United States, with subsequent negative implications on the healthcare system. While hand hygiene has long been considered the single most important and cost-effective way of reducing healthcareacquired infections, compliance among healthcare professionals is low, and most efforts to improve it fail. When compared to single-component hand hygiene interventions, research demonstrates that tailored multimodal interventions are an effective way to improve compliance with hand hygiene practices among healthcare professionals. This Doctor of Nursing Practice project focused on implementing a multimodal hand hygiene intervention, tailored to fit the specific …

Evaluation Of A Health System’S Community Targeted Program For Individual’S With Increased Risk For Cardiovascular Disease And Diabetes, Phallon Lovelady

Doctoral Projects

Introduction: Lack of a program evaluation plan for a community targeted primary prevention program poses a risk for undefined program effectiveness. Conducting a systemic program evaluation helps determine program effectiveness and value. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the process of implementing a program evaluation during a Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) scholarly project.

Objectives: The objectives of this project were to apply a scholarly approach to program evaluation utilizing evidence-based practice tools, demonstrate DNP Essentials and health systems leader competencies, and describe the steps taken during the process.

Methods: The CDC Framework for Program Evaluation (2011) was …

Dissociation Between Cervical Mucus And Urinary Hormones During The Postpartum Return Of Fertility In Breastfeeding Women, Thomas Bouchard, Len Blackwell, Simon Brown, Richard J. Fehring, Suzanne Parenteau-Carreau

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Identifying the return of fertility with cervical mucus observations is challenging during the postpartum period. Use of urinary measurements of estrogen and progesterone can assist in understanding the return to fertility during this period. The purposes of this study were to describe the postpartum return of fertility by an analysis of total estrogen (TE) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) profiles and to correlate these profiles with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six participants collected urine samples during the postpartum period and recorded mucus scores. TE and PDG hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. During amenorrhea, mucus reflected TE changes in only …

Prenatal Tobacco And Marijuana Co-Use: Impact On Newborn Neurobehavior., Laura R. Stroud, George D. Papandonatos, Meaghan Mccallum, Tessa Kehoe, Amy L. Salisbury, Marilyn A. Huestis

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

Tobacco and marijuana are some of the most common prenatal substance exposures worldwide. The social acceptability and political landscape of marijuana and its potency have changed dramatically in the last two decades leading to increased use by pregnant women. Despite evidence for increasing marijuana use and high rates of co-use of tobacco (TOB) and marijuana (MJ) during pregnancy, the impact of prenatal exposure to each substance is typically studied in isolation. We investigated the influence of co-exposure to TOB and MJ on infant neurobehavioral development over the first postnatal month. Participants were 111 mother-infant pairs from a low-income, diverse sample …

บทบรรณาธิการ, สิทธิศักดิ์ หรรษาเวก

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

จุฬาลงกรณ์เวชสาร ฉบับที่ 6 เดือนพฤศจิกายน–ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2561 ฉบับสุดท้ายของปีนี้ วารสารได้มีการพัฒนาก้าวหน้าดีขึ้นมาก ด้วยเหตุที่ว่า Chulalongkorn Medical Journal ได้รับการตอบรับเข้าไปอยู่ในฐานข้อมูลระดับนานาชาติหลายฐานข้อมูล (journal indexing) เช่น J-Gate, Academic Resource Index, Research Bib, Citefactor, Directory of Research JournalsIndexing (DRJI) Publons และ Google Scholar เป็นต้นดังนั้นในปีหน้า Chulalongkorn Medical Journal จะปรับรูปแบบโดยรับและตีพิมพ์บทความเป็นภาษาอังกฤษเพื่อสอดรับกับนโยบายการนำวิชาการสู่สากลของคณะแพทยศาสตร์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย

ผลของบุหรี่ต่อการทำงานเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดและหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งในอาสาสมัครไทย, กาญจนา จิตติพร, นนทัช อนุศักดิกุล, ภูมิพัฒน์ หิมะพรม, ธนพัฒน์ โสดจำปา, สิทธิชัย วชิราศรีศิริกุล, มันทนา วาดไธสง

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

เหตุผลของการทำวิจัย : การสูบบุหรี่เป็นปัจจัยเสี่ยงต่อโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด โดยทำให้การทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดผิดปกติและเกิดหลอดเลือดแดงแข็ง แต่ยังไม่มีการศึกษาผลของบุหรี่ต่อการทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดและการประเมินหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งในอาสาสมัครไทยมาก่อนวัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อประเมินการทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดและการประเมินหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งของผู้ที่สูบบุหรี่วิธีการทำวิจัย : อาสาสมัครที่มีสุขภาพดี อายุ 20 - 60 ปี ที่สูบบุหรี่และไม่สูบบุหรี่จำนวน 72 ราย ประเมินการทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือด ด้วยflow mediated dilatation (FMD) และประเมินหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งด้วย cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI)ผลการศึกษา : พบว่ากลุ่มที่สูบบุหรี่มีการทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดลดลงเมื่อเทียบกับกลุ่มที่ไม่สูบบุหรี่อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (P < 0.05) แต่ดัชนีความยืดหยุ่นของหลอดเลือดแดง (CAVI) และดัชนีความแข็งของหลอดเลือด (ankle brachial index; ABI) ไม่แตกต่างกันระหว่างกลุ่มที่ไม่สูบบุหรี่และกลุ่มที่สูบบุหรี่สรุป : การทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดลดลงในผู้ที่สูบบุหรี่ที่มีการสูบบุหรี่ระดับต่ำ ดังนั้นการประเมินการทำงานของเซลล์เยื่อบุหลอดเลือดอาจใช้เป็นการคัดกรอง ในผู้ที่สูบบุหรี่ก่อนที่จะดำเนินไปสู่โรคหลอดเลือดแดงแข็งตัวรวมถึงโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด.

Adolescent Obesity: Current Concept Of Management, Suteerojntrakool O.

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Obesity is characterized by excessive accumulation of fat in the body which leads to other health problems associated with risk of complications in childhood and increased morbidity and mortality throughout the adult life. Despite the fact that prevention is ultimately the best method to solve the problem, management of obese adolescent still remains a challenge. Physicians must keep the balance between weight reduction and maintaining normal physical growth rate. Presently, multiple approaches and strategies are used for the treatment of obesity including lifestyle modifications, dietary management, anti-obesity drugs and bariatric surgery. Thus, physicians should have the basic understanding of these …