Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Air Polishing: A New Look At An Old Technique, Ellen Bosland, Cristina Sevilla

Dental Hygiene Student Research Posters

This research poster addresses the question “What differences exist between erythritol, glycine, and sodium bicarbonate powders in air polishing?” The use of air polishers in the dental field is highly recommended; however, the ability to determine the correct powder and grit for each patient can be vital. The three types of powders have different pros and cons related to their function; though most studies show significant advantages of using air polishing in general. One study compared erythritol powder and the ultrasonic. In the results, pocket depths were decreased but there was no difference in effectiveness between the two; however, a …

Safety, Tolerability, And Pharmacokinetics Of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir In Low-Risk Hiv-Uninfected Individuals: Hptn 077, A Phase 2a Randomized Controlled Trial., Raphael J Landovitz, Sue Li, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Halima Dawood, Albert Y Liu, Manya Magnus, Mina C Hosseinipour, Ravindre Panchia, Leslie Cottle, Gordon Chau, Paul Richardson, Mark A Marzinke, Craig W Hendrix, Susan H Eshleman, Yinfeng Zhang, Elizabeth Tolley, Jeremy Sugarman, Ryan Kofron, Adeola Adeyeye, David Burns, Alex R Rinehart, David Margolis, William R Spreen, Myron S Cohen, Marybeth Mccauley, Joseph J Eron

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Cabotegravir (CAB) is a novel strand-transfer integrase inhibitor being developed for HIV treatment and prevention. CAB is formulated both as an immediate-release oral tablet for daily administration and as a long-acting injectable suspension (long-acting CAB [CAB LA]) for intramuscular (IM) administration, which delivers prolonged plasma exposure to the drug after IM injection. HIV Prevention Trials Network study 077 (HPTN 077) evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of CAB LA in HIV-uninfected males and females at 8 sites in Brazil, Malawi, South Africa, and the United States.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: HPTN 077 was a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2a trial. Healthy …

Improving Online Interactions: Lessons From An Online Anatomy Course With A Laboratory For Undergraduate Students, Stephanie M. Attardi, Michele L. Barbeau, Kem A. Rogers

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

An online section of a face-to-face (F2F) undergraduate (bachelor's level) anatomy course with a prosection laboratory was offered in 2013-2014. Lectures for F2F students (353) were broadcast to online students (138) using Blackboard Collaborate (BBC) virtual classroom. Online laboratories were offered using BBC and three-dimensional (3D) anatomical computer models. This iteration of the course was modified from the previous year to improve online student-teacher and student-student interactions. Students were divided into laboratory groups that rotated through virtual breakout rooms, giving them the opportunity to interact with three instructors. The objectives were to assess student performance outcomes, perceptions of student-teacher and …

Pannexin 1 Regulates Adipose Stromal Cell Differentiation And Fat Accumulation, Vanessa R. Lee, Kevin J. Barr, John J. Kelly, Danielle Johnston, Cody F.C. Brown, Kevin P. Robb, Samar Sayedyahossein, Kenneth Huang, Robert Gros, Lauren E. Flynn, Silvia Penuela

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Pannexin 1 (Panx1) is a channel-forming glycoprotein important in paracrine signaling and cellular development. In this study, we discovered that mice globally lacking Panx1 (KO) have significantly greater total fat mass and reduced lean mass compared to wild type (WT) mice under a normal diet. Despite having higher fat content, Panx1 KO mice on a high fat diet exhibited no differences in weight gain and blood markers of obesity as compared to WT controls, except for an increase in glucose and insulin levels. However, metabolic cage data revealed that these Panx1 KO mice display significantly increased activity levels, higher ambulatory …

Response To The Growing Dementia Burden Must Be Broader, Werner Hacke, Vladimir Hachinski

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

No abstract provided.

Fast And Slow-Twitching Muscles Are Differentially Affected By Reduced Cholinergic Transmission In Mice Deficient For Vacht: A Mouse Model For Congenital Myasthenia, Matheus P.S. Magalhaes-Gomes, Marco A.M. Prado

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) result from reduced cholinergic transmission at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). While the etiology of CMS varies, the disease is characterized by muscle weakness. To date, it remains unknown if CMS causes long-term and irreversible changes to skeletal muscles. In this study, we examined skeletal muscles in a mouse line with reduced expression of Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter (VAChT, mouse line herein called VAChT-KDHOM). We examined this mouse line for several reasons. First, VAChT plays a central function in loading acetylcholine (ACh) into synaptic vesicles and releasing it at NMJs, in addition to other cholinergic nerve endings. Second, loss …

Transplantation Of Pediatric Renal Allografts From Donors Less Than 10 Kg, Nickolas Mitrou, Shahid Aquil, Marie Dion, Vivian Mcalister, Alp Sener, Patrick P. Luke

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Few transplant programs use kidneys from donors with body weight (BW) BW < 10 kg would provide similar transplant outcomes to larger grafts. All pediatric en bloc renal transplants performed at our center between 2001 and 2017 were reviewed (N = 28). Data were stratified by smaller (donor BW < 10 kg; n = 11) or larger donors (BW > 10 kg; n = 17). Renal volume was assessed during follow-up with ultrasound. Demographic characteristics were similar between the 2 groups of recipients. After mean follow-up of 44 months (smaller donors) and 124 months (larger donors), graft and patient outcomes were similar between groups. Serum creatinine at 1, 3, and 5 years was no different between groups. At 1 day posttransplant, mean total renal volume in the smaller donors was 28 +/- 9 mm(3) vs 45 +/- 12 mm(3) (P < .01). By 3 weeks, it was 53 +/- 19 mm(3) (smaller donors) versus 73 +/- 19 mm(3) (larger donors) (P = NS). Complication rates were similar between both groups with 1 case of venous thrombosis in the smaller group. With experience, outcomes are equivalent to those from larger pediatric donors.

First Canadian Experience With Robotic Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Vs. Standard Laparoscopic Living-Donor Nephrectomy: A Prospective Comparative Study, Patrick P Luke, Shahid Aquil, Bijad Alharbi, Hemant Sharma, Alp Sener

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to compare the outcomes of robotic laparoendoscopic single-site living donor nephrectomy (R-LESS LDN) vs. standard laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN).

METHODS: Between October 2013 and November 2015, 39 patients were allocated to either standard LLDN (n=25) or R-LESS LDN (n=14). Patient demographics, perioperative outcomes, analgesic requirement, visual analogue scale of pain at postoperative days 1, 3, 7, and 30, and a health-related quality of life and body image questionnaire were prospectively collected.

RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographics and intraoperative outcomes between the two cohorts. The R-LESS LDN cohort had lower analgesic requirement (p=0.002) and …

Trends In Obesity And Multimorbidity In Canada., Michael Lebenbaum, Gregory S Zaric, Amardeep Thind, Sisira Sarma

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

Very few studies have examined trends in multimorbidity over time and even fewer have examined trends over time across different body mass index (BMI) groups. Given a general decline in death rates but increased cardiovascular risk factors among individuals with obesity, the trend in the association between obesity and multimorbidity is hypothesized to be increasing over time. The data for our study came from the 1996-97 National Population Health Survey and the 2005 and 2012-13 Canadian Community Health Surveys (N = 277,366 across all 3 surveys). We examined trends in the association between BMI groups and multimorbidity using a logistic …

Complexity In Mood Disorder Diagnosis: Fmri Connectivity Networks Predicted Medication-Class Of Response In Complex Patients, E Osuch, S Gao, M Wammes, Jean Theberge, P Willimason, R J Neufeld, Y Du, J Sui, V Calhoun

Department of Medicine Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study determined the clinical utility of an fMRI classification algorithm predicting medication-class of response in patients with challenging mood diagnoses.

METHODS: Ninety-nine 16-27-year-olds underwent resting state fMRI scans in three groups-BD, MDD and healthy controls. A predictive algorithm was trained and cross-validated on the known-diagnosis patients using maximally spatially independent components (ICs), constructing a similarity matrix among subjects, partitioning the matrix in kernel space and optimizing support vector machine classifiers and IC combinations. This classifier was also applied to each of 12 new individual patients with unclear mood disorder diagnoses.

RESULTS: Classification within the known-diagnosis group was approximately …

Cell Specific Control Of The Pallidostriatal Pathway, Shubha Verma '19

Student Publications & Research

Parkinson’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder of the basal ganglia. The main cause for Parkinson’s Disease is the depletion of dopamine, a neurotransmitter. The basal ganglia contains four major nuclei: the substantia nigra, the subthalamic nucleus, the external globus pallidus, and the striatum. These nuclei communicate with each other by the use of neurons.

Classification Of Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy Plans, Louise Gabrielle Lima '19, Alice Liu '19

Student Publications & Research

Proton Radiotherapy

Proton radiotherapy is a form of radiation treatment that uses energized protons to break DNA, leading to cell death and killing cancers.

Surgical Management Of Metastatic Lesions Of Proximal Femur And The Hip, Mujahid Jamil Khattak, Umair Ashraf, Zohaib Nawaz, Shahryar Noordin, Masood Umer

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Metastatic bony lesions involving proximal femur and hip joint pose a challenge to orthopedic surgeons. Lesions in this important weight-bearing zone of the femur weaken its ability to sustain load causing pain and impending pathologic fracture. These Patients warrant multidisciplinary approach including orthopedic surgeons, oncologist and medical specialties. Management of these lesions has evolved over the last 60 years from benign neglect to internal fixation and recently to prosthetic reconstruction for optimum function. Decision for surgical approach requires consideration for location of the lesion, presence of a fracture, tumor type, cortical destruction, patient's life expectancy, patient preferences and the expected …

Ankle Arthrodesis Using Ilizarov Ring Fixator: A Primary Or Salvage Procedure?: An Analysis Of Twenty Cases, Obada Hasan, Shah Fahad, S. Sattar, Masood Umer, Haroon Rashid

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Introduction: Ankle arthrodesis using the Ilizarov technique provides high union rate with the added benefits of early weight-bearing, and the unique advantage of its ability to promote regeneration of soft tissue around the bone, including skin, muscle and neuro-vascular structures, and its versatility to allow correction of the position of the foot by adjusting the frame post-operatively as needed. We describe our experience with this technique and the functional outcomes in our patients.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 20 ankle fusion cases using the Ilizarov method between the years 2007 and 2017. We defined success in …

Radiological And Clinical Outcomes In Patients Undergoing Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion: Comparing Titanium And Peek (Polyetheretherketone) Cages, Muhammad Junaid, Mamoon Ur Rashid, Syed Sarmad Bukhari, Mamoon Ahmed

Section of Neurosurgery

Objectives: To study clinical and radiological outcomes in patients who had undergone the procedure of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with titanium or PEEK (polyetheretherketone) cages for cervical disc prolapse.
Methods: This is a retrospective/non-randomized study which was conducted at the Combined Military Hospital Peshawar. Study interval was four years from 1st October, 2010 to 31st September, 2014. Total number of included patients were 149. All of the patients had undergone the procedure of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with titanium or PEEK (polyetheretherketone) cages. All of the patients had plain MRI cervical spine done for diagnosis of anterior cervical …

Tumour Treating Fields (Ttfs) For Paediatric Brain Tumours, Brain Metastases And Other Novel Applications, Farhan Arshad Mirza, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim

Section of Neurosurgery

Tumour treating fields (TTFs) are now FDA approved for high grade glioma treatment. Novel application of this treatment modality is being assessed for paediatric brain tumours and intracranial metastatic disease. Clinical trials are being conducted to test the efficacy of this treatment modality as adjuvant therapy to current standard of care. Here we will discuss the existing literature on TTF its role in pathologies other than GBM. In addition, aspects of safety, compliance and cost are also discussed.

School Of Nursing News, Georgia Southern University

Nursing: News & Publications (2013-2023)

• Georgia Southern Named One of the Most Affordable for Online Nursing Education

The Phylogenetic Signal In Tooth Wear: What Does It Mean?, Larisa Desantis, Mikael Fortelius, Frederick E Grine, Christine Janis, Thomas M Kaiser, Gildas Merceron, Mark A Purnell, Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Juha Saarinen, Mark F. Teaford, Peter S Ungar, Indrė Žliobaitė

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Osteopathic Medicine

A new study by Fraser et al (2018) urges the use of phylogenetic comparative methods, whenever possible, in analyses of mammalian tooth wear. We are concerned about this for two reasons. First, this recommendation may mislead the research community into thinking that phylogenetic signal is an artifact of some sort rather than a fundamental outcome of the evolutionary process. Secondly, this recommendation may set a precedent for editors and reviewers to enforce phylogenetic adjustment where it may unnecessarily weaken or even directionally alter the results, shifting the emphasis of analysis from common patterns manifested by large clades to rare cases.

Health & Kinesiology News, Georgia Southern University

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: News & Publications (2015-2023)

• Wilson Serves as Guest Speaker for USA Basketball

• Georgia Southern Named One of the Most Affordable Sport Management Master’s Degrees

Teaching Counseling Skills In Audiology Graduate Programs: Clinical Supervisors’ Perceptions And Practices, Karen F. Muñoz, Trenton J. Landon, Kim Corbin-Lewis

Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education Faculty Publications

Background: Counseling is a critical component within audiological service delivery. Partnering with patients to support them in learning to effectively cope with their hearing challenges is a key component in achieving desired outcomes. Even though there is agreement on the foundational role counseling plays in audiology service delivery, counseling instruction varies among audiology training programs.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the perspectives and practices of supervisors in audiology graduate training programs related to mentoring students in the acquisition of counseling skills.

Research Design: A cross-sectional design was used; participants completed a self-report survey.

Study Sample: The …

Large Mediastinal Mass In A 15-Year-Old Boy, Mariyam Gohar Ali, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Farah Naz Qamar

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome is a rare multisystem inherited disorder characterised by high serum IgE levels, skin disorder causing eczema, dermatitis, recurrent staphylococcal infections and pulmonary infections and various skeletal and connective tissue abnormalities. Common presentation is with recurrent skin and sinopulmonary infections. Several features unrelated to immune system such as characteristic facial features, hyperextensibility of joints, multiple bone fractures and craniosynostosis have been described in the literature. We describe a rare presentation of this disease with invasive aspergillosis presenting as mediastinal mass with extension to mediastinalstructures and pulmonary vasculature.

Download Entire Issue: Gibbon Surgical Review, Volume 1, Issue 2, 2018

Gibbon Surgical Review

Table of Contents

• Forward by Charles J. Yeo, MD, FACS
• PERSPECTIVE - An Interview with Dr. Theresa Yeo, Co-Director of the Jefferson Pancreas Tumor Registry (JPTR)
• A PGY-1's Perspective: Conducting Pancreatic Cancer Research as a Medical Student
• INTERVIEW - Jonathan Brody, PhD - Pancreatic Cancer Specialist
• RESEARCH SPOTLIGHT - The Journal of Pancreatic Cancer
• Pancreatic Cancer Research at Jefferson: The Mary Halinski Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund
• The Gibbon Surgical Society
• Contributors
• Samuel D. Gross Professor of Surgery: Charles J. Yeo, MD, FACS

Nursing And #Metoo, Nasreen Rafiq, Shyrose Sultan, Afsheen Hirani, Samreen Verasiya, Zainish Hajani, Neelam Rafiq

School of Nursing & Midwifery

The year 2018 revealed a number of sexual harassment stories into public conversation as part of the #MeToo movement. The campaign has relatively spread across all professions and work industries. Today, the society is already hypersensitive towards sexual talks, and the campaigns such as #MeeToo make it even more difficult to overlook these stories; it has challenged the demarcation of important and superfluous accusations which gives rise to various ethical dilemmas. Therefore, the #MeToo movement becomes significant to evaluate both sides of a coin, and assess a situation from various ethical paradigms in order to reach an ethically acceptable solution.

Basic Considerations For The Use Of Monoclonal Antibodies In Migraine., Morris Levin, Stephen D Silberstein, Robert Gilbert, Sylvia Lucas, Leanne Munsie, Alyssa Garrelts, Kate Kennedy, Nicole Everman, Eric Pearlman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Migraine impacts more than 36 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide. Despite the increasing availability of acute and preventive therapies, there is still tremendous unmet need. Potential treatments in development include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Appropriate use of these “biologic” treatments will necessitate an understanding of the aspects that distinguish them from traditional medications.

AIM: Many drug classes are prescribed for migraine treatment, but all have limitations. Recently, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) activity has shown a significant promise as a target for preventive therapy. In this review, we provide an overview of the potential role …

Pediatric Cardioembolic Stroke In Midaortic Syndrome, Ana C. Albuja, Mauricio F. Villamar, Alejandra M. Stewart, Donita D. Lightner

Neurology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Differences Between Stance And Foot Preference Evident In Osprey (Pandion Haliaetus) Fish Holding During Movement., Laura L Allen, Katie L Morrison, Wesley A E Scott, Steve Shinn, Alan M Haltiner, Michael J Doherty

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Skateboarders, snowboarders, and surfers all show stance preferences for which foot is forward while moving. We are unaware of other animals than humans with a stance preference, perhaps excepting Osprey, who fly their caught fish beneath them in a foot-forward stance. We hypothesize there should be no difference between left foot forward, right foot back (conventional) versus right foot forward left foot back (goofy) stances or for fish holding with unilateral left or right foot. Online, publicly available, convenience images of Osprey catching fish were accessed and assessed by five independent reviewers using different Internet search engines or online …

Assessing New Innovation Impact Of The Doseedge Intravenous Workflow System In A Community Hospital, Adam Castro Rph, Bcps

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

Association Of Vaspin Levels And Its Snp Rs2236242 With Sestational Diabetes At A Tertiary Care Setting, Karishma Kanhya Lal, Rabail Jarwar, Sabah Farhat, Syeda Sadia Fatima

Medical College Documents

Objectives:
To evaluate and correlate vaspin levels and genotype frequency in gestational diabetes mellitus.
Methods:
The case-control study was conducted at Aga Khan University, Karachi, from November 2015 to December 2016, and comprised pregnant women in their second trimester with gestational diabetes mellitus. Healthy pregnant women with similar characteristics were enrolled as the control group. Tetra arms amplification system for vaspin gene was performed. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis.
Results:
Of the 112 pregnant women, 67(60%) were normo-glycaemic and 45(40%) had gestational diabetes. Those with gestational diabetes had a higher body mass index (p=0.047) and fasting blood glucose …

Direct Crystal Formation From Micronized Bone And Lactic Acid: The Writing On The Wall For Calcium-Containing Crystal Pathogenesis In Osteoarthritis?, Anna A. Bulysheva, Nardos Sori, Michael P. Francis

Bioelectrics Publications

Introduction

Pathological calcium-containing crystals accumulating in the joints, synovial fluid, and soft tissues are noted in most elderly patients, yet arthritic crystal formation remains idiopathic. Interestingly, elevated lactic acid and bone erosion are frequently among the comorbidities and clinical features of patients with highest incidence of crystal arthropathies. This work shows that bone particulates (modeling bone erosion) dissolve in lactic acid and directly generate crystals, possibly presenting a mechanism for crystal accumulation in osteoarthritis.

Methods and results

Micronized human bone (average particle size of 160 μm x 79 μm ) completely dissolved in lactic acid in 48 hours, and in …

The Basics Of Clinical Trial Centralized Monitoring, Adam Beauregard, Vadim Tantsyura, Fernand Labrie

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.