Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Social Support, Psychological Distress, And Behavioral Outcomes Among Palliative Care Caregivers, Monique Lashone Aguirre

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Social support and acute care facility providers need information about how to help improve the practices and knowledge of caregivers related to the stages of palliative care. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there was a significant association between social support and psychological distress and behavioral outcomes among palliative care caregivers, and to determine to what extent social support buffered psychological distress and behavioral outcomes. The quality-of-life model guided the study. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional research design with secondary data analyses. The sample included 320 adult family caregivers who were part of a telephone survey …

Reducing Lateral Violence Among Nurses Through Staff Education, Alexandra Lindsay Tripp

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Most nurses experience lateral violence (LV) during their careers. LV can be detrimental to nurses' livelihoods and careers, to facilities due to nurse replacement costs, to the nursing profession due to attrition, and to patient safety. The purpose of this staff education project was to educate registered nurses on the issue of LV and to equip nurses to respond to their aggressors. The project question addressed whether education would increase awareness of LV and empower nurses to stand up to their aggressors. The theory of the nurse as the wounded healer, social learning theory, and the theory of reciprocal determinism …

Assessing Baseline And Post-Discharge Risk Factors In Subjects With And Without Sleep Apnea Undergoing Endoscopy With Deep Sedation, Mercedes E. Weir

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

ASSESSING BASELINE AND POST-DISCHARGE RISK FACTORS IN SUBJECTS WITH AND WITHOUT SLEEP APNEA UNDERGOING ENDOSCOPY WITH DEEP SEDATION

Background: Outpatient procedures encompass over 60% of all surgeries in the United States, and the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains high among adult surgical ambulatory patients. Ambulatory surgery poses problems for patients with OSA because narcotics and anesthetics used during surgery can complicate the negative effects of OSA, leading to cardiac events, brain hypoxia, and even death. This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of cardiopulmonary risk factors among post endoscopic patients with diagnosed and undiagnosed sleep apnea. …

Informing Quality In Emergency Care: Understanding Patient Experiences, Esmat Swallmeh, Vivienne Byers, Amr Arisha

Articles

Purpose: Assessing performance and quality in healthcare organisations is moving from focussing solely on clinical care measurement to considering the patient experience as critical. Much patient experience research is quantitative and survey based. The purpose of this paper is to report a qualitative study gathering in-depth data in an emergency department (ED).

Design/methodology/approach: The authors used empirical data from seven focus groups to understand patient experience as participants progressed through a major teaching hospital in an Ireland ED. A convenience sampling technique was used, and 42 participants were invited to share their perceptions and outline key factors affecting their journey. …

Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Daily Versus Depot Vitamin D3 Therapy In 0-16-Year-Old Newly Settled Refugees In Western Australia Over A Period Of 40 Weeks, Ushma Wadia, Wayne Soon, Paola Chivers, Aesen Thambiran, David Burgner, Sarah Cherian, Aris Siafarikas

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in newly settled refugees in Western Australia (WA). If adherence to daily vitamin D therapy is problematic, depot therapy is a therapeutic alternative. The aim of this study was to compare daily versus depot treatment and factors influencing the therapeutic outcome. Newly settled refugees (n = 151) with 25(OH)D levels less than 78 nmol/L were randomised to receive daily or depot vitamin D therapy with eight weekly interval follow up to 40 weeks. Biochemical and clinical parameters were collected at each visit. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) examined the longitudinal changes over time controlling …

Academically Resistant Athletes: Victims Of Aces Or Commodities Of The System, Melnee Berry

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

Fans of college sports embrace the idea of athletes playing sport and, in turn, receiving tuition scholarships that provide them an opportunity to trade athletic talent for a free education. A contradictory body of research using internal colonization theory posits that the trade of education for playing sports is not a fair exchange but is fraught with exploitation that continues to perpetuate subjugation. An accepted narrative in athletic competition is that the recruiting pipeline draws athletes from impoverished inner-city areas engaging young athletes who experience difficulties keeping up scholastically becoming academically resistant as they focus on their sport at the …

A Phenomenological Research Study On The Treatment Experience Of Opioid Addicts: Exploring The Intrapersonal And Interpersonal Conflicts That Opioid Addicts Face During The Treatment Process, Nicole Marie Ouzounian

Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations

Opioid addiction is a physical, mental, and social issue. The insidious habits and behaviors acquired while living an addictive lifestyle are more powerful than human comprehension, and the training required to release these strongholds are extreme to say the least. Capturing the lived experiences of this process is needed to increase understanding of the development that leads to transformation from active addict to addict in recovery. This phenomenological research study on the treatment experience of opioid addicts used a qualitative approach to gain understanding of this phenomenon. For this study, 15 research participants were selected. Their ages ranged from 21 …

Healthcare Cost Savings Through Telemedicine Use At Correctional State Facilities, Sydney Davis, Paulius Mui, Tamara Broadnax, David Collins, Vimal Mishra

Graduate Research Posters

Telemedicine offers both soft and hard return on investment, including cost savings avoidance and convenience of access to care. Incarcerated individuals represent a patient population that uniquely benefit from receiving care via telemedicine. They lack access to subspecialty care as prison facilities are located outside of urban areas, which is compounded by security risks, risk to individuals around inmates, and transportation cost to tertiary care facilities. To attend a brief in-office medical visit, an inmate requires hours of administrative support and logistical coordination, including appointment scheduling, transport arrangement and related fuel expense, and guard accompaniment - all at a financial …

An Optimized Solid-Phase Reduction And Capture Strategy For The Study Of Reversibly-Oxidized Cysteines And Its Application To Metal Toxicity, John Andrew Hitron

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

The reversible oxidation of cysteine by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is both a mechanism for cellular protein signaling as well as a cause of cellular injury and death through the generation of oxidative stress. The study of cysteine oxidation is complicated by the methodology currently available to isolate and enrich oxidized-cysteine containing proteins. We sought to simplify this process by reducing the time needed to process samples and reducing sample loss and contamination risk.

We accomplished this by eliminating precipitation steps needed for the protocol by (a) introducing an in-solution NEM-quenching step prior to reduction and (b) replacing soluble dithiothreitol …

Incorporating Standardized Simulation Into The Clinical Academy, A Transition Into Practice (Tip) Program, Rachelle Reid

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

Session Objectives:

• Describe evidence-based justification for incorporating simulation into Transition into Practice (TIP) programs
• Evaluate current simulation curriculum design and standardization process and compare with elements utilized by Providence St. Joseph Health
• Develop an outline for Transition into Practice simulation facilitator education and development

Integrative Review Of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction In Caregivers Of Cancer Patients, Trisha Saul

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

No abstract provided.

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Enable Discrimination Of Heterogeneous Digital Pathology Images, Pegah Khosravi, Ehsan Kazemi, Marcin Imielinski, Olivier Elemento, Iman Hajirasouliha

Publications and Research

Pathological evaluation of tumor tissue is pivotal for diagnosis in cancer patients and automated image analysis approaches have great potential to increase precision of diagnosis and help reduce human error.

In this study, we utilize several computational methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and build a stand-alone pipeline to effectively classify different histopathology images across different types of cancer.

In particular, we demonstrate the utility of our pipeline to discriminate between two subtypes of lung cancer, four biomarkers of bladder cancer, and five biomarkers of breast cancer. In addition, we apply our pipeline to discriminate among four immunohistochemistry …

Mental Health - Family, Najma Motan

A with Honors Projects

Through research and interviews with mental health professionals at local facilities, this student seeks to discover the current state family therapy practice.

Altered Nutritional Function: Nutritional Support In The Pediatric Population, Gretchen Clavey

A with Honors Projects

This slide show introduces tube feeding to meet nutritional requirements for children with special needs.

Radial And Longitudinal Motion Of The Arterial Wall: Their Relation To Pulsatile Pressure And Flow In The Artery, Dan Wang, Linda Vahala, Zhili Hao

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The aim of this paper is to analyze the radial and longitudinal motion of the arterial wall in the context of pulsatile pressure and flow, and to understand their physiological implications for the cardiovascular system. A reexamination of the well-established one-dimensional governing equations for axial blood flow in the artery and the constitutive equation for the radial dilation of the arterial wall shows that two waves—a pulsatile pressure wave in the artery and a radial displacement wave in the arterial wall—propagate simultaneously along the arterial tree with the same propagation velocity, explaining why this velocity combines the physical properties and …

Oral Aversion And Your Child's Dental Health Brochure And Handout, Gretchen Clavey

A with Honors Projects

For this A with Honors project, the student created a a caregiver brochure and a healthcare provider fact sheet to address dental healthcare concerns for children with oral aversion issues.

Adolescent Medicine Trials Network For Hiv/Aids Interventions Data Harmonization: Rationale And Development Of Guidelines, Micah Mccumber, Demetria Cain, Sara Legrand, Kenneth H. Mayer, Debra A. Murphy, Matthew A. Psioda, Arlene C. Seña, Tyrel J. Starks, Michael Hudgens

Publications and Research

Background: The Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) research program aims to defeat the rising HIV epidemic among adolescents and young adults in the United States.

Objective: This study aims to optimize cross-study analyses and comparisons of standardized measures (variables) collected in the ATN. Methods: Guidelines were developed for harmonizing measures to be collected across ATN studies.

Results: Eight domains were identified for harmonization—Demographics and Socioeconomic Characteristics, Sexual Behavior and Risk, Substance Use and Abuse, HIV-Positive Cascade, HIV-Negative Cascade, Mental Health, Social Support and Isolation, and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Cascade.

Conclusions: The collection of selected key measures in a …

A Web-Based Interactive Tool To Reduce Childhood Obesity Risk In Urban Minority Youth: Usability Testing Study, Sandra Verdaguer, Katrina F. Mateo, Katarzyna Wyka, Tracy A. Dennis, May May Leung

Publications and Research

Background: Childhood obesity is a serious public health issue among minority youth in the United States. Technology-enhanced approaches can be effective for promoting healthy behavior change.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the usability of prototypes of a Web-based interactive tool promoting healthy dietary behaviors to reduce childhood obesity risk in urban minority youth. The Web-based tool comprised a manga-style comic with interactive features (eg, sound effects, clickable pop-ups), tailored messaging, and goal setting, and was optimized for use on tablet devices.

Methods: Latino and black/African American children ages 9 to 13 years were recruited to participate …

Temporal Trends In Human Vulnerability To Excessive Heat, Scott C. Sheridan, Michael J. Allen

Political Science & Geography Faculty Publications

Over recent decades, studies have examined various morbidity and mortality outcomes associated with heat exposure. This review explores the collective knowledge of the temporal trends of heat on human health, with regard to the hypothesis that humans are less vulnerable to heat events presently than in the past. Using Web of Science and Scopus, the authors identified all peer-reviewed articles that contained keywords on human impact (e.g. mortality, morbidity) and meteorological component (e.g. heat, heatwave). After sorting, a total of 71 articles, both case studies and epidemiological studies, contained explicit assessments of temporal trends in human vulnerability, and thus were …

Pilot Study: Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Sport-Related Concussion In A Rural Interscholastic Sport Sample, Austin Westland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Evidence supports education initiatives to improve knowledge of sport-related concussion (SRC) in active children and adolescents, as well as improve attitudes towards reporting concussion events to a supervising adult with the ultimate goal of early diagnosis and management. Most evidence focuses on urban and suburban children’s SRC knowledge and attitudes; however, little is known regarding knowledge and attitudes of children participating in sport in rural environments. Understanding current knowledge and attitudes of rural children can inform future education and health behavior strategies that encourage early reporting. Objective: Two objectives guided this study. First, obtain and analyze pilot data regarding …

A Scale Space Local Binary Pattern (Sslbp) – Based Feature Extraction Framework To Detect Bones From Knee Mri Scans, Jinyeong Mun

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The medical industry is currently working on a fully autonomous surgical system, which is considered a novel modality to go beyond technical limitations of conventional surgery. In order to apply an autonomous surgical system to knees, one of the primarily responsible areas for supporting the total weight of human body, accurate segmentation of bones from knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans plays a crucial role. In this paper, we propose employing the Scale Space Local Binary Pattern (SSLBP) feature extraction, a variant of local binary pattern extractions, for detecting bones from knee images. The proposed methods consist of two phases. …

Differences In Walking Mechanics Between A Traditional Walker And The Kb Balance Trainer, Silvia Zanini

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Millions of individuals with ambulatory difficulties rely on walking aids to maintain independence and mobility. However, users of traditional walkers typically exhibit increased forward lean of their trunk while using the assistive device. The KB Balance Trainer is a new posterior walker designed to facilitate a more erect position during gait. PURPOSE: To compare gait mechanics across three walking conditions: unassisted, using a traditional walker, and using the KB Balance Trainer. METHODS: Seven adults with experience using walkers due to ambulatory difficulties participated in the study. The study consisted of one training session and one gait analysis session. The …

Immigration As A Social Determinant Of Health: Proceedings Of A Workshop, Tiffiany O. Howard, National Academies Of Sciences, Engineering, And Medicine, Numerous Authors, See Full List Below

Political Science Faculty Research

Since 1965 the foreign-born population of the United States has swelled from 9.6 million or 5 percent of the population to 45 million or 14 percent in 2015. Today, about one-quarter of the U.S. population consists of immigrants or the children of immigrants. Given the sizable representation of immigrants in the U.S. population, their health is a major influence on the health of the population as a whole. On average, immigrants are healthier than native-born Americans. Yet, immigrants also are subject to the systematic marginalization and discrimination that often lead to the creation of health disparities. To explore the link …

The Price Of Progress: Funding And Financing Alzheimer's Disease Drug Development, Jeffrey Cummings, Carl Reiber, Parvesh Kumar

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Introduction Advancing research and treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the search for effective treatments depend on a complex financial ecosystem involving federal, state, industry, advocacy, venture capital, and philanthropy funding approaches. Methods We conducted an expert review of the literature pertaining to funding and financing of translational research and drug development for AD. Results The federal government is the largest public funder of research in AD. The National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, and National Center for Advancing Translational Science all fund aspects of research in AD drug development. Non-National …

Midwives’ Knowledge Of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative In Uganda, Jaliah Namutebi, Hanifah Nakanwagi, Leila Naluyima, Grace Edwards

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a worldwide programme well known to midwives globally for supporting the initiation of successful breastfeeding. In low resource countries, initiation of breastfeeding immediately after birth would help to reduce neonatal complications such as infection. Knowledge of the 10 steps is critical for midwives in developing countries, yet our research in Uganda suggested that midwives’ knowledge is poor, despite a commitment at government level. There is a disconnect between policy and practice which must be addressed to ensure that midwives give standardised advice to new mothers to ensure successful and exclusive breastfeeding. This is …

Factors Influencing High Prevalence Of Fresh Still Births In Mbagathi County Hospital, Nairobi - Kenya, Abednego Ongeso, Magdalene Lukorito, Jane Kabo

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: The annual global burden of stillbirths is approximately 2.6 million, 98% of which occur in Sub Saharan Africa. In 2016, approximately 24 still births per month occurred in Mbagathi County Hospital (MCH) representing a 33.3% increase from 2015. A third of these were Fresh Still Births (FSBs).

Objectives: To establish factors influencing increase in FSB among women delivering at MCH.

Methodology: The study was conducted at MCH postnatal ward. A descriptive cross sectional study design was employed. Forty three respondents with FSBs were consecutively sampled. Clearance to conduct the study was sought from Ethics Review Committee, MCH and respondents. …

Examining Nursing Practices For Management Of Sepsis In Low Income Countries: The Case Of Uganda, Cliff Aliga, Judith Mutyabule, Grace Nakate, Abigail Emelonye

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Examining nursing practice guidelines to improve quality of care for patients with sepsis in low income countries is required.

A large amount of information about best practice standards in sepsis management is available for healthcare professionals; however, implementation and adherence to practice guidelines recommended by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign remains low in low income countries.

A formal scope of practice for nursing and midwifery as a professional guideline is absent and national clinical guideline for Uganda remains unclear regarding the specific management of sepsis.

Inadequate documentation of patient care in Uganda makes sepsis cases difficult to be early detected.

Research …

Implementation Of A Facilitation Intervention To Improve Postpartum Care In A Low-Resource Suburb Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Eunice Pallangyo, Columba Mbekenga, P. Olsson, L. Eriksson, A. Bergström

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Implementation of evidence into practice is inadequate in many low-income countries, contributing to the low-quality care of mothers and newborns. This study explored strategies used in a facilitation intervention to improve postpartum care (IPPC) in a low-resource suburb in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The intervention was conducted during 1 year in government-owned health institutions providing reproductive and child health services. The institutions were divided into six clusters based on geographic proximity, and the healthcare providers of postpartum care (PPC) (n = 100) in these institutions formed IPPC teams. Each team was supported by a locally recruited facilitator who was …

Assessment Of Participation Of Nursing Faculty In Clinical Practice In The Kenyan Universities, Beth Waweru, Job Mapesa, Eunice Ndirangu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the participation of nursing faculty in faculty clinical practice in the Kenyan universities.

Methodology: This was a cross sectional descriptive survey. All the universities with nursing programs in the country were purposively selected. Data was then analyzed through descriptive statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 23.0).Chi-square test was used to test associations between selected independent and dependent variables.

Results: The study found out that most nursing faculty is participating in clinical practice though they have limited knowledge of the models of faculty clinical practice. …

Nursing And Midwifery Research Output In Africa: A Review Of The Literature, Rose Chalo Nabirye, Alison Annet Kinengyere, Grace Edwards

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Nurses and midwives form the backbone of health service delivery and satisfaction with care often depends on the competencies of nurses and midwives who provide the care (World Health Organization [WHO], 2002). Healthcare has become complex, challenging, and demanding across diverse sociocultural and socioeconomic changes and environments. To optimize their impact, nurses and midwives therefore need to be prepared with evidence-based competences. Nursing research therefore, is the cornerstone for evidence-based practice and for establishing the professional status of nursing and building research capacity. However, although nursing research began in the 19th century, it is limited in Africa, with little …