Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of A Pharmacist Direct Oral Anticoagulant (Doac) Monitoring Service, Priya Verma Pharmd

Pharmacy Residency

Presentation given at Great Lakes Pharmacy Residency Conference 2018

Implementation And Evaluation Of A Pharmacy Driven Stress Ulcer Discontinuation Protocol, Michael Genday Pharmd

Pharmacy Residency

Presentation given at Great Lakes Pharmacy Residency Conference 2018

Impact Of Clinical Pathways On Antibiotic Prescribing In The Outpatient Setting, Ashley Logan Pharmd

Pharmacy Residency

Presentation given at Great Lakes Pharmacy Residency Conference 2018

Prevalence Of Positive Depression Screen Among Post Miscarriage Women- A Cross Sectional Study, Steve Mutiso, Alfred Murage, Abraham Mukaindo

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Miscarriages are a common pregnancy complication affecting about 10–15% of pregnancies. Miscarriages may be associated with a myriad of psychiatric morbidity at various timelines after the event. Depression has been shown to affect about 10–20% of all women following a miscarriage. However, no data exists in the local setting informing on the prevalence of post-miscarriage depression. We set out to determine the prevalence of positive depression screen among women who have experienced a miscarriage at the Aga Khan University hospital, Nairobi.

Methods: The study was cross-sectional in design. Patients who had a miscarriage were recruited at the post-miscarriage clinic …

Female Sex Workers Experiences Of Using Contraceptive Methods: A Qualitative Study In Kenya, Rhoune Ochako, Jerry Okal, Steven Kimetu, Ian Askew, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Female Sex Workers (FSWs) are predisposed to a broad range of social, sexual and reproductive health problems such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/HIV, unintended pregnancy, violence, sexual exploitation, stigma and discrimination. Female sex workers have unmet need for contraceptives and require comprehensive Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) prevention interventions. Existing programs pay little attention to the broad sexual and reproductive health and rights of these women and often focus on HIV and other STIs prevention, care and treatment while neglecting their reproductive health needs, including access to family planning methods. The aim of this study is, therefore, to explore …

Measurement & Analysis Of The Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied To Cervical Dystonia, Rebecca B. Beck, Eavan M. Mcgovern, John Butler, Dorina Birsanu, Brendan Quinlivan, Ines Beiser, Shrut Narasimham, Sean O'Riordan, Michael Hutchinson, Richard B. Reilly

Other resources

The temporal discrimination threshold (TDT) is the shortest time interval at which an observer can discriminate two sequential stimuli as being asynchronous (typically 30-50 ms). It has been shown to be abnormal (prolonged) in neurological disorders, including cervical dystonia, a phenotype of adult onset idiopathic isolated focal dystonia. The TDT is a quantitative measure of the ability to perceive rapid changes in the environment and is considered indicative of the behavior of the visual neurons in the superior colliculus, a key node in covert attentional orienting. This article sets out methods for measuring the TDT (including two hardware options and …

Comparison Of Two Methods Of Determining Central Corneal Vault Under A Scleral Lens: Estimation By Slit Lamp Biomicroscope And Anterior Segment Oct, Claire E. Mcdonnell, Darragh O'Donnell, Lynn O'Mara, Shannon Power

Conference Papers

Purpose: The aim of this study was to ascertain if there is agreement in the measurement of central corneal vault (CCV) under a scleral lens, between estimations made using a slit lamp biomicroscope (SLB) and measurements made using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).

Method: 30 images were taken of CCV under various scleral lenses using a SLB and an AS-OCT. Estimations of CCV from SLB photographs were made using known thicknesses of the scleral lenses used and imagej software. The in-built measurement callipers was used to measure CCV on the AS-OCT. Right eyes were imaged on the AS-OCT first …

Fatigue And Damage Of Porcine Pars Interarticularis During Asymmetric Loading, Colin Bright, Stephen Tiernan, Fiona Mcevoy, Pat Kiely

Articles

If the articular facets of the vertebra grow in an asymmetric manner, the developed bone geometry causes an asymmetry of loading. When the loading environment is altered by way of increased activity, the likelihood of acquiring a stress fracture may be increased. The combination of geometric asymmetry and increased activity is hypothesised to be the precursor to the stress fracture under investigation in this study, spondylolysis. This vertebral defect is an acquired fracture with 7% prevalence in the paediatric population. This value increases to 21% among athletes who participate in hyperextension sports. Tests were carried out on porcine lumbar vertebrae, …

Influenza Infection Directly Alters Innate Il-23 And Il-12p70 And Subsequent Il-17a And Ifn-Γ Responses To Pneumococcus In Vitro In Human Monocytes, Sinead T. Loughran, Patrick A. Power, Paula T. Maguire, Samantha L. Mcquaid, Paul J. Buchanan, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Robert W. Newman, Ruth Harvey, Patricia A. Johnson

Articles

It is well accepted that influenza A virus predisposes individuals to often more severe super-infections with Streptococcus pneumonia. However, the mechanisms that lead to this synergy are not clearly understood. Recent data suggests that competent Th17 immunity is crucial to clearance and protection from invasive pneumococcal disease of the lung. We demonstrate that early influenza infection significantly reduced levels of pneumococcus driven IL-12p70, IL-23 and IL-27 in human monocytes with significant impairment of IL-17A and IFN-γ in HKSP-treated allogeneic mixed lymphocyte cultures. We also provide evidence to suggest that the hemagglutinin component of the virus is at least partially responsible …

Applying Learning: Student Experience Of Research Skills Module, Sorca Mcdonnell

Articles

Social Care students undertake a research methods module with a focus on quantitative methods. A core aim of the module is for students to develop their research skills by applying them to a project. This paper will explore the student experience of engaging in this process and the impact on their learning and skill development. The impact on the students' engagement in the exploration of ethical issues and critical thinking is also explored. Bloom (1956) [2] emphasises the key ways that learning happens, with higher levels focusing on Application, Analysis and Synthesis. This research explores the extent to which completing …

The Seasonal Variations In Anthropometric And Performance Characteristics Of Elite Intercounty Gaelic Football Players, Richard Kelly, Kieran Collins

Articles

The seasonal variations in anthropometric and performance characteristics of elite inter county gaelic football players. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3475-3482, 2018-There is limited research assessing the anthropometric and performance variations in elite Gaelic football. The aim of this study was to assess the anthropometric and performance characteristics of an elite intercounty squad within a season. After ethical approval and informed consent, 26 participants were assessed at the start of preseason (November), after early in-season (January), and midseason (March). Measurements included stature, body mass, sum of 8 skinfold sites (ΣSkf8), estimated body fat percentage (bf%), squat jump (SJ) and countermovement …

Decrements In Neuromuscular Performance And Increases In Creatine Kinase Impact Training Outputs In Elite Soccer Players, Shane Malone, Bruno Mendes, Brian Hughes, Mark Roe, Simon Devenney, Kieran Collins, Adam Owen

Articles

The aim of the current investigation was to understand the impact of pretraining neuromuscular performance and creatine kinase (CK) status on subsequent training performance in elite soccer players. Thirty soccer players (age: 25.3 ± 3.1 years; height: 183 ± 7 cm; mass: 72 ± 7 kg) were involved in this observational study. Each morning before training, players completed assessments for neuromuscular performance (countermovement jump; CMJ) and CK levels. Global positioning technology provided external load: total distance, high-speed distance, sprint distance, accelerations, decelerations, average metabolic power, explosive distance, and high metabolic power distance (>25.5 W·kg). Mixed-effect linear models revealed significant …

Wellbeing Perception And The Impact On External Training Output Among Elite Soccer Players, Shane Malone, Adam Owen, Matt Newton, Bruno Mendes, Leo Tiernan, Brian Hughes, Kieran Collins

Articles

Objectives: The objective of the investigation was to observe the impact of player wellbeing on the training output of elite soccer players.

Design: Prospective cohort design.

Methods: Forty-eight soccer players (age: 25.3 ± 3.1 years; height: 183 ± 7 cm; mass: 72 ± 7 kg) were involved in this single season observational study across two teams. Each morning, pre-training, players completed customised perceived wellbeing questionnaires. Global positioning technology devices were used to measure external load (total distance, total high-speed running distance, high speed running, player load, player load slow, maximal velocity, maximal velocity exposures). Players reported ratings …

The Precompetition Macronutrient Intake Of Elite Gaelic Football Players, Cathal Cassidy, Kieran Collins, Marcus Shortall

Articles

Competition-related dietary intake has not yet been investigated in Gaelic football. The present study examined the precompetition macronutrient intake of elite male Gaelic football players. Forty players from two teams completed a food diary on the 2 days preceding competition (Day 1 and Day 2) and on the match day prior to the match (match day). Carbohydrate intake was significantly greater on Day 2 compared with Day 1, for both absolute (295 ± 98 vs. 318 ± 77 g; p = .048; -23.6 g, 95% confidence interval [-47.3, 0.2]; Cohen's d = 0.27) and relative intake (3.4 ± 1.1 vs. …

The Use, Integration And Perceived Value Of Performance Analysis To Professional And Amateur Irish Coaches, Denise Martin, Alan Swanton, Jonathan Bradley, Denise Mcgrath

Articles

Research into the perceptions, practices and engagement of coaches with performance analysis is fundamental to informing the continued development of the discipline and its practitioners. The aim of this study was to survey a large sample of coaches of varying profiles, regarding their use and integration of performance analysis, to explore its perceived value and barriers to its use. Survey data were analysed from 538 Irish coaches qualified at Level 1 and above (82% male), from 37 sports. A spectrum of coaches’ engagement with performance analysis, ranging from no formal performance analysis (49%), to coaches doing their own analysis (coach-as-analyst, …

Effect Of Word Choice On Comfort Level In Male Collegiate Hockey Players During Air Displacement Plethysmography Assessments, Elizabeth A. Suschana

Honors Theses and Capstones

No abstract provided.

Electrochemical And Spectroscopic Study Of Peptide-Template Melanins, Daniel Courter, Olivia Rossi, Zhen Tian

Honors Theses and Capstones

Melanins are organic polymers made up of 5,6-dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid (DHICA) and 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI). Biochemical systems synthesize melanins through a complex reaction pathway. Previous research exhibited that naturally-occurring melanins (NatMel) and their synthetic analogues (SynMel) can potentially serve as electrode materials for aqueous charge storage devices. Small surface area creates technical challenges for these melanins as charge storage materials. This research herein demonstrates that the structure of melanins can affect the charge storage capacities of monovalent Na⁺cations and divalent Mg²⁺ cations. 2-D sheet-like peptide melanins (PepMel) were synthesized into tripeptides consisting of aspartic acid (D), phenylalanine (F), …

The Impact Of Work Experience On Commitment To The Healthcare Administration Profession, Caroline Sweny

Honors Theses and Capstones

This research study analyses the relationships between career commitment and gender, career status, and career satisfaction. Results indicated three major findings. First, men are more likely to be committed to the healthcare administration profession. Second, commitment to the healthcare administration profession decreases as individuals advance further into their career. Third, commitment to the healthcare administration profession decreases the more satisfied an individual is with the progress they have made toward meeting their overall career goals. Further research is needed to understand the implications behind these findings.

Regional Differences In Feto-Infant Mortality In The U.S. - Mexico Border Region: Using The Perinatal Period Of Risk (Ppor) Approach, Dyanne G. Herrera

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Introduction. Infant mortality (IM) is a critical indicator of the health of communities because societal factors that affect population health directly impact the mortality rate of infants. There is limited infant mortality data for the U.S. side of the U.S.-Mexico Border Region, defined as the areas within 100 km north of the border. Data from 2005-2007 show that the average IM rate for the border states combined was 5.8 infant deaths per 1,000 live births; for the border counties, the rate was 5.4 per 1,000. Although IM rates were lower in the border counties than in the border states, risk …

Microencapsulated Ascorbic Acid: Development, Characterization, And Release Profile In Simulated Gastrointestinal Fluids, Michele Cristina Rodrigues Da Cruz, Camila Augusto Perussello, Maria Lúcia Masson

Articles

The aim of this study was to produce ascorbic acid (AA) microcapsules by complex coacervation, characterize them, and evaluate the release profile in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The microcapsules were made of gelatin and pectin at concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0%. The coacervated microcapsules were assessed for morphology (by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), water activity (Aw), hygroscopicity, solubility, encapsulation efficiency (EE), thermal behavior, and AA release profile. The AA microcapsules were characterized by low solubility, low hygroscopicity, high thermal stability, and low diameter (<10 μm), with EE ranging from 23.7 to 94.3%. The release profile was faster in gastric fluid (pH 1.8) than in intestinal fluid (pH 6.8). The sample containing 2.0% of wall material and 50% (w/w) of the simple emulsion (core) had the highest EE and the best in vitro release profile, with release of only 68% of AA in 120 min in the gastric fluid.

Practical applications Ascorbic acid (AA) is widely used in the food industry as an …

Surface Water Flooding, Groundwater Contamination, And Enteric Disease In Developed Countries: A Scoping Review Of Connections And Consequences, L. Andrade, J. O'Dwyer, E. O'Neill, Paul Hynds

Articles

Significant volumes of research over the past four decades has sought to elucidate the social, infrastructural, economic, and human health effects of climate change induced surface flooding. To date, epidemiological and public health studies of flooding events have focused on mental health effects, vector-borne diseases, and infectious enteric disease due to floodwater contact (i.e. typically low consumption rates). The inherent nature of groundwater (i.e. out of sight, out of mind) and the widely held belief that aquifers represent a pristine source of drinking water due to natural attenuation may represent the “perfect storm” causing direct consumption of relatively large volumes …

Development Of A Hierarchical Model For Predicting Microbiological Contamination Of Private Groundwater Supplies In A Geologically Heterogeneous Region, Jean O'Dwyer, Paul Hynds, Kenneth Byrne, Michael Ryan, Catherine Adley

Articles

Private groundwater sources in the Republic of Ireland provide drinking water to an estimated 750,000 people or 16% of the national population. Consumers of untreated groundwater are at increased risk of infection from pathogenic microorganisms. However, given the volume of private wells in operation, remediation or even quantification of public risk is both costly and time consuming. In this study, a hierarchical logistic regression model was developed to ‘predict’ contamination with E. coli based on the results of groundwater quality analyses of private wells (n = 132) during the period of September 2011 to November 2012. Assessment of potential microbial …

Highly Sensitive Strain Sensor Based On Composite Interference Established Within S-Tapered Multimode Fiber Structure, Ke Tian, Ment Zhang, Gerald Farrell, Ruoning Wang, Elfed Lewis, Pengfei Wang

Articles

In this paper, a novel strain sensor based on composite interference established within an S-tapered multimode (STM) fiber structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The STM fibre structure is simply realized by non-axially tapering a traditional single-mode-multimode-single-mode (SMS) fiber into S-shape using a fusion splicer. This fabricated S-tapered structure provides an extra Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) that is introduced within the multimode fibre (MMF) section; therefore, composite interference based on the inherent multimode interference (MMI) of an SMS and the introduced MZI is successfully established. This resultant composite interference greatly enhances the performance of traditional SMS fibre structures for strain sensing, …

Diagnosis Of Advanced Skin Cancer Using Infrared Spectral Histopathology, Cassio A. Lima, Luciana Correa, Hugh Byrne, Denise M. Zezell

Conference papers

Abstract: In this study, we investigated the feasibility of Infrared Spectral Histopathology to diagnose invasive squamous cell carcinoma using hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue placed on conventional glass slides, as used in the pathologist workflow.

Curve Of Spee: Development And Orthodontic Leveling, Yu-Hsin Lee, Yu-Chuan Tseng

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Curve of Spee (CoS) is characterized as human occlusal curvature viewed in the sagittal plane. This naturally occurring phenomenon has clinical importance in orthodontics and prosthodontic dentistry. The purpose of this article is to examine the formation of the CoS regarding of when, how, or why the CoS develops. The mechanism of orthodontic leveling the CoS will be discussed.

Effect Of Home Bleaching Agents On The Surface Corrosion Of Stainless Steel Orthodontic Brackets, Tzu-Hsin Lee, Chih-Yuan Wang, Po-Yu Yang

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Introduction: This in vitro study evaluates the home bleaching treatment effect on the surface corrosion of stainless steel orthodontic brackets. Materials and Methods: Three types of brackets, 3M Unitek (U), Dentaurum (D) and Tomy (T), were immersed in either one of six bleaching treatments at 37 ℃ for 28 days. After immersion, the amounts of iron, chromium, and nickel ions released from the brackets were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A scanning electron microscope and an atomic force microscope were used to analyze the surface morphology and roughness, respectively. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc, α = 0.05, …

Orthodontic Correction Of Class Ii Division 2 Malocclusion, Kun-Feng Lee, Yu-Chuan Tseng, Hong-Po Chang, Szu-Ting Chou

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Class II division 2 malocclusion has low incidence rate of only 1% in Taiwan. The criteria of diagnosis and treatment consideration is more challenging as compared to other types of malocclusions. The consideration of orthodontic biomechanics could be sophisticated in facing the correction of the molar relationship and the angulation of the anterior teeth. This article discusses the clinical diagnosis and treatment mechanics of Class II division 2 malocclusion.

Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment For A Patient With Skeletal Class Iii Deformity And Anterior Open Bite, Wei-Chih Hung, Wei-Cheng Lee, Yi-Chieh Chen, Lih-Juh Chou, Chung-Hsing Li, Gunng-Shinng Chen

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Anterior open bite is a complicated problem due to its multiple etiologies, including anatomical, environmental, and genetic factors. The complexity of skeletal class III deformity depends on the severity of bony discrepancy, especially with anterior open bite. Surgical-orthodontic treatment is often required for complete correction. We present the case of an 18-year-old female patient who had been diagnosed with skeletal Class III deformity and an anterior open bite. The patient underwent a well-planned sequential treatment with surgeryfirst approach. Two-jaw surgery with maxillo−mandibular complex clockwise rotation had improved her skeletal deformities, smile arc, dental inclination and facial harmony. The total orthodontic …

Use Improved Super-Elastic Ti-Ni Alloy Wire To Correct Class Ii Division 2 Malocclusion With Unstable Mandibular Position, Yu-Cheng Lo, Yuan-Hou Chen, Hsien-Hsiung Chiang, Jian-Hong Yu

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

The case reported the use of improved super-elastic Ti-Ni alloy wire (ISW), which was developed by Tokyo Medical and Dental University, to correct a case of Angle Class II division 2 case with unstable mandibular position. An adult 28-year old women came to our clinic with a chief complaint of poor dental alignment. Clinical examination revealed a Class II division 2 malocclusion. The ISW was used to relieve the anterior deep bite and crowding. Intermaxillary elastics (IMEs) were also used to achieve a correct and stable mandibular position and solid interdigitation. The outcome indicated achievement in correction of arch coordination, …

Decision Making On Tooth Extraction In Orthodontics, Yu-Ting Sun, Chia-Tze Kao

Taiwanese Journal of Orthodontics

Extraction or non-extraction is an issue that we face in our daily orthodontic practice. Before deciding the treatment plan, we have to examine the case carefully. Orthodontic tooth extraction involves more than just the need to create space in the arches but also the concerns of facial esthetics and treatment stability. The report presented a case of teenage boy with severe external root resorption of tooth 27, 37, 46, 47 which caused by impaction of third molars and a supernumerary premolar. Patient already had orthodontic treat-ment before and did not favor a comprehensive orthodontic treatment again. Tooth extraction of 27, …