Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Compartment Syndrome Of The Hand: A Case Report And Review Of Literature, V. Mehta, V. Chowdhary, C. Lin, M. Jbara, S. Hanna

Journal Articles

© 2017 The Authors Elevation of pressure within tightly bound myofascial compartments has detrimental consequences if not treated promptly, leading to a loss of circulation, ischemia, myonecrosis, nerve damage, and limb loss. They are commonly seen in the distal upper and lower extremities; however, compartment syndrome of the hand is rarely encountered and prompt recognition can prevent permanent damage and tissue loss. This case study presents a complicated case of compartment syndrome of the hand and discusses the interrelationship between compartment syndrome and rhabdomyolysis. An emphasis is placed on pathophysiology of this relationship to allow a better understanding of the …

Interpreting 123i-Ioflupane Dopamine Transporter Scans Using Hybrid Scores., K. J. Nichols, B. Chen, M. B. Tomas, C. J. Palestro

Journal Articles

Dopamine transporter (DaT) 123I-FP-CIT scans most commonly are interpreted visually. Alternatively, absolute quantitation of radiopharmaceutical uptake may improve scan accuracy. However, neither approach accomodates dependence of striatal uptake on age and gender. We investigated whether demographic indexing of visual and numerical variables improve discrimination of patients with essential tremor (ET), Parkinson's disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).Data of 132 consecutive patients undergoing DaT SPECT scans were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical impression in the latest neurology note was utilized as the final clinical diagnosis. Caudate and putamen specific binding ratio (PSBR) were computed. 123I calibration phantoms were constructed to …

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Endovascular Therapy, S. P. Reis, K. Zhao, N. Ahmad, R. S. Widemon, C. W. Root, S. M. Toomay, J. M. Horowitz, A. K. Sista

Journal Articles

© Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy. All rights reserved. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. PE is a complex disease with a highly variable presentation and the available treatment options for PE are expanding rapidly. Anticoagulation (AC), systemic lysis, surgery, and catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) play important roles in treating patients with PE. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapy is required to determine which treatment option is best for a given patient with this complex disease.

Congenital Rhabdomyosarcoma Presenting As A Neck Mass At Birth., L. E. Waldman, A. K. Williamson, J. B. Amodio, L. Collins

Journal Articles

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant tumor of the soft tissues which preferentially affects the pediatric population. Neonatal rhabdomyosarcoma is rare, and much of the published literature concerning this entity consists of isolated case reports and small case series. Recent work involving the classification of rhabdomyosarcoma has helped to delineate prognostic information based on gene rearrangements. Here, we present a case of congenital rhabdomyosarcoma seen in utero which manifested as a neck mass at birth and was found to harbor a favorable gene fusion.

Transrenal Ureteral Embolization Utilizing Amplatzer Vascular Plugs And N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue., M. X. Jin, A. D. Mohabir, D. M. Caplin, I. Lobko, D. N. Siegel

Journal Articles

This retrospective study presents three consecutive patients who underwent bilateral ureteral occlusion using the Amplatzer vascular plugs and N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue sandwich method. The patients were 63- and 65-year-old males and a 79-year-old female. Indications for the procedure included severe cystitis and complex vesicular fistulas unresponsive to urinary diversion. All three patients had immediate resolution of urinary leakage, resulting in symptom relief throughout the follow-up period. There were no procedure-related complications or side effects.

Sports Hernia/Athletic Pubalgia Among Women, M. P. Zoland, J. C. Iraci, S. Bharam, L. E. Waldman, J. P. Koulotouros, D. Klein

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: “Athletic pubalgia,” a term that has gained acceptance over “sports hernia,” is more common in men than women; however, it represents a significant source of morbidity for patients of both sexes. Inconsistent terminology surrounding this entity poses a diagnostic challenge and makes studying the populations at risk difficult. Purpose: To review a case series of women with athletic pubalgia by analyzing their presentations, concomitant pathologies, and surgical outcomes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Between 2013 and 2016, 197 patients were seen and evaluated for the diagnosis of athletic pubalgia. Eighteen patients …

A Case Of Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Gallbladder With Local Invasion Of The Liver And Peritoneum, And Metastasis To The Omentum., A. C.J. Levy, F. Casalduc-Coca, S. Asiry, A. Goodman

Journal Articles

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare entity that comprises approximately 1%-3% of all primary gallbladder cancers. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman who was diagnosed with a locally invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder. Surgical pathology revealed a predominantly squamous cell carcinoma composition of the tumor with a few microscopic foci of adenocarcinoma (

High Mobility Group Box 1 Orchestrates Tissue Regeneration Via Cxcr4, M. Tirone, N. L. Tran, C. Ceriotti, A. Gorzanelli, M. Canepari, R. Bottinelli, A. Raucci, M. He, Y. Al-Abed, E. Vénéreau, +17 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2018 Tirone et al. Inflammation and tissue regeneration follow tissue damage, but little is known about how these processes are coordinated. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that, when released on injury, triggers inflammation. We previously showed that HMGB1 with reduced cysteines is a chemoattractant, whereas a disulfide bond makes it a proinflammatory cytokine. Here we report that fully reduced HMGB1 orchestrates muscle and liver regeneration via CXCR4, whereas disulfide HMGB1 and its receptors TLR4/MD-2 and RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) are not involved. Injection of HMGB1 accelerates tissue repair by acting on …

B Cell-Intrinsic Role For Irf5 In Tlr9/Bcr-Induced Human B Cell Activation, Proliferation, And Plasmablast Differentiation, S. De, B. Zhang, T. Shih, S. Singh, A. Winkler, R. Donnelly, B. J. Barnes

Journal Articles

© 2018 De, Zhang, Shih, Singh, Winkler, Donnelly and Barnes. Upon recognition of antigen, B cells undergo rapid proliferation followed by differentiation to specialized antibody secreting cells (ASCs). During this transition, B cells are reliant upon a multilayer transcription factor network to achieve a dramatic remodeling of the B cell transcriptional landscape. Increased levels of ASCs are often seen in autoimmune diseases and it is believed that altered expression of regulatory transcription factors play a role in this imbalance. The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is one such candidate as polymorphisms in IRF5 associate with risk of numerous …

Disruption Of Network For Visual Perception Of Natural Motion In Primary Dystonia, K. Fujita, W. Sako, A. Vo, S. B. Bressman, D. Eidelberg

Journal Articles

© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. In healthy subjects, brain activation in motor regions is greater during the visual perception of “natural” target motion, which complies with the two-thirds power law, than of “unnatural” motion, which does not. It is unknown whether motion perception is normally mediated by a specific network that can be altered in the setting of disease. We used block-design functional magnetic resonance imaging and covariance analysis to identify normal network topographies activated in response to “natural” versus “unnatural” motion. A visual motion perception-related pattern (VPRP) was identified in 12 healthy subjects, characterized by covarying activation responses in …

Folic Acid Derived-P5779 Mimetics Regulate Damp-Mediated Inflammation Through Disruption Of Hmgb1:Tlr4:Md-2 Axes, S. Sun, M. He, Y. Wang, H. Yang, Y. Al-Abed

Journal Articles

© 2018 Sun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) protein that mediates inflammatory responses after infection or injury. Previously, we reported a peptide inhibitor of HMGB1 (P5779) that acts by directly interrupting HMGB1/MD-2 binding. Here, fingerprint similarity search and docking studies suggest folic acid derived-drugs function as P5779 mimetopes. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation studies demonstrate that folic acid …

Histopathologic Characteristics Of Biopsies From Dogs Undergoing Surgery With Concurrent Gross Splenic And Hepatic Masses: 125 Cases (2012-2016), F. J. Leyva, C. A. Loughin, C. W. Dewey, D. J. Marino, M. Akerman, M. L. Lesser

Journal Articles

© 2018 The Author(s). Objective: To investigate the histopathologic characteristics of concurrent splenic and liver masses in dogs undergoing splenectomy and liver mass biopsy/resection. Medical records of 125 client-owned dogs found to have splenic mass or masses and a liver mass or masses during surgery were examined. Signalment (age, sex, breed), body weight, and results of histopathology were recorded for all dogs. Results: Twenty-seven percent (34/125) of the dogs in this study had no evidence of malignancy in either the liver or the spleen. Sixty of 125 dogs (48.0%) had malignancy in the spleen and liver, and 56 (56/60, 93.3%) …

Persons With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Have Decreased Natural Killer Cell And Increased Toll-Like Receptor/Inflammatory Gene Expression, P. Herman, A. Stein, K. Gibbs, I. Korsunsky, P. Gregersen, O. Bloom

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Analysis Of Phospholipids In The Brain, Heart, Kidney, And Liver: Brain Phospholipids Are Least Enriched With Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, J. Choi, T. Yin, K. Shinozaki, J. W. Lampe, J. F. Stevens, L. B. Becker, J. Kim

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

High-Mobility Group Box 1-Induced Complement Activation Causes Sterile Inflammation, S. Y. Kim, M. Son, S. E. Lee, I. H. Park, M. S. Kwak, M. Han, H. S. Lee, E. S. Kim, B. Diamond, J. S. Shin, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2018 Kim, Son, Lee, Kwak, Han, Lee, Park, Kim, Kim, Lee, Choi, Diamond and Shin. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a well-known danger-associated molecular pattern molecule, acts as a pro-inflammatory molecule when secreted by activated immune cells or released after necrotic cell damage. HMGB1 binds to immunogenic bacterial components and augments septic inflammation. In this study, we show how HMGB1 mediates complement activation, promoting sterile inflammation. We show that HMGB1 activates the classical pathway of complement system in an antibody-independent manner after binding to C1q. The C3a complement activation product in human plasma and C5b-9 membrane attack complexes on …

Immunization Elicits Antigen-Specific Antibody Sequestration In Dorsal Root Ganglia Sensory Neurons, M. Gunasekaran, P. K. Chatterjee, A. Shih, G. H. Imperato, G. Kumar, A. Lee, C. Bouton, B. Sherry, B. Diamond, T. R. Coleman, C. N. Metz, K. J. Tracey, S. S. Chavan, +9 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Erythropoiesis: Insights Into Pathophysiology And Treatments In 2017, A. Zivot, J. M. Lipton, A. Narla, L. Blanc

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Lineage-Specific Functionality Of An Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Lupus Risk Haplotype: Lack Of B Cell Intrinsic Effects, J. Calise, S. M. Renteria, P. K. Gregersen, B. Diamond

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Myosin Iia Interacts With The Spectrin-Actin Membrane Skeleton To Control Red Blood Cell Membrane Curvature And Deformability, A. S. Smith, R. B. Nowak, S. Zhou, M. Giannetto, D. S. Gokhin, J. Papoin, I. C. Ghiran, L. Blanc, J. Wan, V. M. Fowler

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Highly Conserved Molecular Pathways, Including Wnt Signaling, Promote Functional Recovery From Spinal Cord Injury In Lampreys, P. E. Herman, A. Papatheodorou, S. A. Bryant, C. K. Waterbury, J. R. Herdy, A. A. Arcese, J. D. Buxbaum, J. J. Smith, J. R. Morgan, O. Bloom

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Reproducible Network And Regional Topographies Of Abnormal Glucose Metabolism Associated With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: Multivariate And Univariate Analyses In American And Chinese Patient Cohorts, J. Ge, J. Wu, S. Peng, P. Wu, J. Wang, H. Zhang, Y. Guan, D. Eidelberg, C. Zuo, Y. Ma

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Mutations Of Recombinant Aquaporin-4 Antibody In The Fc Domain Can Impair Complement-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity And Transplacental Transport, S. Mader, L. Brimberg, J. N. Soltys, J. L. Bennett, B. Diamond

Journal Articles

© 2018 Mader, Brimberg, Soltys, Bennett and Diamond. Maternal antibodies provide protection for the developing fetus. Transplacental transport of pathogenic autoantibodies might pose a risk for the developing fetus. The transport of antibodies across the placenta to the fetal circulation occurs through the neonatal Fc salvage receptor (FcRn). During gestation, maternal autoantibodies are able to penetrate the embryonic brain before a functional intact blood-brain barrier is established. Brain-reactive antibodies to the water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are a hallmark finding in neuromyelitis optica (NMO), a neurological disease that predominantly affects women, many of whom are of childbearing age. AQP4-IgG mediate …

Follicular Helper T Cells In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, S. J. Kim, K. Lee, B. Diamond

Journal Articles

© 2018 Kim, Lee and Diamond. CD4+ follicular helper T (Tfh) cells constitute a subset of effector T cells that participate in the generation of high-affinity humoral responses. They express the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and produce the cytokine IL-21, both of which are required for their contribution to germinal center formation. Uncontrolled expansion of Tfh cells is observed in various mouse models of systemic autoimmune diseases and in patients with these diseases. In particular, the frequency of circulating Tfh is correlated with disease activity and anti-DNA antibody titer in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Recent studies reveal functional diversity within …

Mutant Klf1 In Adult Anemic Nan Mice Leads To Profound Transcriptome Changes And Disordered Erythropoiesis, D. Nébor, J. H. Graber, S. L. Ciciotte, R. F. Robledo, J. Papoin, E. Hartman, K. R. Gillinder, A. C. Perkins, L. Blanc, L. L. Peters, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© 2018, The Author(s). Anemic Nan mice carry a mutation (E339D) in the second zinc finger of erythroid transcription factor KLF1. Nan-KLF1 fails to bind a subset of normal KLF1 targets and ectopically binds a large set of genes not normally engaged by KLF1, resulting in a corrupted fetal liver transcriptome. Here, we performed RNAseq using flow cytometric-sorted spleen erythroid precursors from adult Nan and WT littermates rendered anemic by phlebotomy to identify global transcriptome changes specific to the Nan Klf1 mutation as opposed to anemia generally. Mutant Nan-KLF1 leads to extensive and progressive transcriptome corruption in adult spleen erythroid …

Constitutive Vagus Nerve Activation Modulates Immune Suppression In Sepsis Survivors, M. Rana, Y. Fei-Bloom, M. Son, A. L. Bella, M. Ochani, Y. A. Levine, P. Y. Chiu, P. Wang, S. S. Chavan, B. T. Volpe, B. Sherry, B. Diamond

Journal Articles

© 2018 Rana, Fei-Bloom, Son, La Bella, Ochani, Levine, Chiu, Wang, Chavan, Volpe, Sherry and Diamond. Patients surviving a septic episode exhibit persistent immune impairment and increased mortality due to enhanced vulnerability to infections. In the present study, using the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of polymicrobial sepsis, we addressed the hypothesis that altered vagus nerve activity contributes to immune impairment in sepsis survivors. CLP-surviving mice exhibited less TNFα in serum following administration of LPS, a surrogate for an infectious challenge, than control-operated (control) mice. To evaluate the role of the vagus nerve in the diminished response to LPS, …

Correction To: Exploring The Biological Functional Mechanism Of The Hmgb1/Tlr4/Md-2 Complex By Surface Plasmon Resonance., M. He, M. E. Bianchi, T. R. Coleman, K. J. Tracey, Y. Al-Abed

Journal Articles

After publication of this article (He et al., 2018), the corresponding authors recognised an error in Scheme 1, in particular to section "A. HMGB1/TLR4/MD-2 complex formation". Above "Step 2: B box binding to MD-2", the text incorrectly read: "Low affinity / extremely slow off". In addition, some text was omitted below "TLR4/MD-2". The correct version of Scheme 1 is included in this Correction article. The original article (He et al., 2018) has been corrected.

Exploring The Biological Functional Mechanism Of The Hmgb1/Tlr4/Md-2 Complex By Surface Plasmon Resonance., M. He, M. E. Bianchi, T. R. Coleman, K. J. Tracey, Y. Al-Abed

Journal Articles

High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) was first identified as a nonhistone chromatin-binding protein that functions as a pro-inflammatory cytokine and a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern molecule when released from necrotic cells or activated leukocytes. HMGB1 consists of two structurally similar HMG boxes that comprise the pro-inflammatory (B-box) and the anti-inflammatory (A-box) domains. Paradoxically, the A-box also contains the epitope for the well-characterized anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody "2G7", which also potently inhibits HMGB1-mediated inflammation in a wide variety of in vivo models. The molecular mechanisms through which the A-box domain inhibits the inflammatory activity of HMGB1 and 2G7 exerts anti-inflammatory activity after …

Belimumab Promotes Negative Selection Of Activated Autoreactive B Cells In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients., W. Huang, T. D. Quach, C. Dascalu, Z. Liu, T. Leung, M. Lesser, R. Furie, M. Mackay, C. Aranow Md, A. Davidson Md, +5 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Belimumab has therapeutic benefit in active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially in patients with high-titer anti-dsDNA antibodies. We asked whether the profound B cell loss in belimumab-treated SLE patients is accompanied by shifts in the immunoglobulin repertoire. We enrolled 15 patients who had been continuously treated with belimumab for more than 7 years, 17 matched controls, and 5 patients who were studied before and after drug initiation. VH genes of sort-purified mature B cells and plasmablasts were subjected to next-generation sequencing. We found that B cell-activating factor (BAFF) regulates the transitional B cell checkpoint, with conservation of transitional 1 (T1) …

Serologic Features Of Cohorts With Variable Genetic Risk For Systemic Lupus Erythematosus., J. Bhattacharya, K. Pappas, B. Toz, C. Aranow, M. Mackay, P. K. Gregersen, O. Doumbo, A. K. Traore, M. L. Lesser, B. Diamond, +9 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences. In Western Europe and North America, individuals of West African descent have a 3-4 fold greater incidence of SLE than Caucasians. Paradoxically, West Africans in sub-Saharan Africa appear to have a low incidence of SLE, and some studies suggest a milder disease with less nephritis. In this study, we analyzed sera from African American female SLE patients and four other cohorts, one with SLE and others with varying degrees of risk for SLE in order to identify serologic factors that might correlate with risk of or …

Dissociated Oxygen Consumption And Carbon Dioxide Production In The Post-Cardiac Arrest Rat: A Novel Metabolic Phenotype., K. Shinozaki, L. Becker, Kota Saeki, J. Kim, T. Yin, Tong Da, J. W. Lampe

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: The concept that resuscitation from cardiac arrest (CA) results in a metabolic injury is broadly accepted, yet patients never receive this diagnosis. We sought to find evidence of metabolic injuries after CA by measuring O

METHODS AND RESULTS: Rats were anesthetized and randomized into 3 groups: resuscitation from 10-minute asphyxia with inhaled 100% O

CONCLUSIONS: CA altered cellular metabolism resulting in increased VO