Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Natural And Induced Mitochondrial Phosphate Carrier Loss: Differential Dependence Of Mitochondrial Metabolism And Dynamics And Cell Survival On The Extent Of Depletion., Erin L. Seifert, Aniko Gál, Michelle G. Acoba, Qipei Li, Lauren Anderson-Pullinger, Tünde Golenár, Cynthia Moffat, Neal Sondheimer, Steven M. Claypool, György Hajnóczky

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

The relevance of mitochondrial phosphate carrier (PiC), encoded by SLC25A3, in bioenergetics is well accepted. However, little is known about the mechanisms mediating the cellular impairments induced by pathological SLC25A3 variants. To this end, we investigated the pathogenicity of a novel compound heterozygous mutation in SLC25A3 First, each variant was modeled in yeast, revealing that substituting GSSAS for QIP within the fifth matrix loop is incompatible with survival on non-fermentable substrate, whereas the L200W variant is functionally neutral. Next, using skin fibroblasts from an individual expressing these variants and HeLa cells with varying degrees of PiC depletion, PiC loss of …

The Use Of Therapeutic Exercises And Manual Stretching For A Patient Following A Total Knee Arthroplasty (Tka) Revision: A Case Report, Nicholas Cebula

Case Report Posters

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an orthopedic surgery involving the total replacement of compartments of the knee joint. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common reason for TKA. Risk factors for OA include: obesity, sports-related injuries, and genetics. The artificial knee joint typically lasts between 15-20 years; early failures may occur due to loosening of artificial components, infection, fractures, and instability. Approximately 581,000 TKA procedures are performed annually, and by 2030, the demand for TKA procedures is expected to grow by 673%. The purpose of this case report is to document the potential benefits of prescribed PT interventions, including therapeutic exercise …

Utilization Of Postural Control Training To Improve Gait Symmetry And Walking Ability In A Patient Following A Lacunar Stroke: A Case Report, Hannah C. Wilder, Amy J. Litterini

Case Report Posters

Alteration in gait is one of the most noted impairments following stroke. Improving walking ability is one of the most common goals amongst patients with stroke undergoing rehabilitation. Current literature describes visual and proprioceptive feedback and task-oriented training as effective in improving gait speed, mechanics, strength, and balance following stroke. Based on the research, postural control training may improve walking ability following stroke. The purpose of this case report is to outline physical therapy rehabilitation that utilized postural control training, task-oriented training, and visual feedback to improve walking ability and functional capacity in a patient following a lacunar stroke affecting …

Restoring Gait And Functional Mobility For A Patient With An Ischemic Stroke Through Physical Therapy: A Case Report, Colleen Kelly

Case Report Posters

During an ischemic stroke, blood flow is impeded due to blocked artery. Stroke is the 5^th leading cause of death and the primary cause of disability and dependency in adults in the United States. Patient age and stroke severity, size, and location are strong predictors in prognosis. Stroke rehabilitation during the first three months can reduce mortality. The purpose of this case report is to provide physical therapy management strategies used during an inpatient stay for a patient who experienced an ischemic stroke.

Restoring Gait And Functional Mobility For A Patient With An Ischemic Stroke Through Physical Therapy: A Case Report, Colleen Kelly

Case Report Papers

Stroke is the primary cause of disability and care dependency in adults in the United States. Research has found that the risk of mortality post stroke can be greatly reduced through stroke rehabilitation. The purpose of this case report is to provide a framework of physical therapy rehabilitation that facilitated functional mobility and gait in a patient who experienced a stroke. The patient was a 50-year old male who was admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation hospital for physical therapy following a left middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke four days prior. The patient received three weeks of physical therapy after displaying …

Analysis Of Global Radiotherapy Needs And Costs By Geographic Region And Income Level., E Zubizarreta, Jacob Van Dyk, Y Lievens

Oncology Publications

Recent years have seen various reviews on the lack of access to radiotherapy often based on geographic regions of the world such as Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America and North America. Countries are often defined by their national income per capita levels based on World Bank definitions of high income, upper middle income, lower middle income and low income. Within the world regions, there are significant variations in gross national income (GNI) per capita among the different countries, and even within similar income levels, large variations exist. This report presents the actual status of radiotherapy and analyses the current …

Pharmacotherapeutic Considerations For Individuals With Down Syndrome, Erik Hefti

Harrisburg University Faculty Works

Down syndrome (DS; trisomy 21) is the most common survivable disorder due to aneuploidy. Individuals with DS may experience multiple comorbid health problems including congenital heart defects, endocrine abnormalities, skin and dental problems, seizure disorders, leukemia, dementia, and obesity. These associated conditions may necessitate pharmacotherapeutic management with various drugs. The complex pathobiology of DS may alter drug disposition and drug response in some individuals. For example, reports have documented increased rates of adverse drug reactions in patients with DS treated for leukemia and dementia. Intellectual disability resulting from DS may impact adherence to medication regimens. In this review, we highlight …

Differences In Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine Prescriptions In Areas With & Without Large Universities, Heather Bacon

Honors Theses

This investigative study is examining trends in stimulant prescribing for several Michigan counties. An ex-post facto design was used to determine trends in the amount of amphetamine/dextroamphetamine dispensed in four Michigan counties containing large universities and two Michigan counties not containing large universities over the years 2007-2012. The study found suggestive evidence that there is an increasing trend of amphetamine/dextroamphetamine prescriptions filled in both counties with and without large universities. Suggestive evidence was also found that counties with large universities display a greater average amount of amphetamine/dextroamphetamine dispensed than counties without large universities for the years 2007-2012. Because the study …

Formulation And Characterization Of An Apigenin-Phospholipid Phytosome (Aplc) For Improved Solubility, In Vivo Bioavailability, And Antioxidant Potential, Darshan R. Telange, Arun T. Patin, Anil M. Pethe, Harshal Fegade, Sridhar Anand, Vivek S. Dave

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The apigenin-phospholipid phytosome (APLC) was developed to improve the aqueous solubility, dissolution, in vivo bioavailability, and antioxidant activity of apigenin. The APLC synthesis was guided by a full factorial design strategy, incorporating specific formulation and process variables to deliver an optimized product. The design-optimized formulation was assayed for aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution, pharmacokinetics, and antioxidant activity. The pharmacological evaluation was carried out by assessing its effects on carbon tetrachloride-induced elevation of liver function marker enzymes in a rat model. The antioxidant activity was assessed by studying its effects on the liver antioxidant marker enzymes. The developed model was validated …

Allelic Variation In Cxcl16 Determines Cd3+ T Lymphocyte Susceptibility To Equine Arteritis Virus Infection And Establishment Of Long-Term Carrier State In The Stallion, Sanjay Sarkar, Ernest Bailey, Yun Young Go, R. Frank Cook, Ted Kalbfleisch, John E. Eberth, R. Lakshman Chelvarajan, Kathleen M. Shuck, Sergey Artiushin, Peter J. Timoney, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Equine arteritis virus (EAV) is the causative agent of equine viral arteritis (EVA), a respiratory, systemic, and reproductive disease of horses and other equid species. Following natural infection, 10–70% of the infected stallions can become persistently infected and continue to shed EAV in their semen for periods ranging from several months to life. Recently, we reported that some stallions possess a subpopulation(s) of CD3⁺ T lymphocytes that are susceptible to in vitro EAV infection and that this phenotypic trait is associated with long-term carrier status following exposure to the virus. In contrast, stallions not possessing the CD3⁺ T …

Ca2+/Calmodulin/Mlck Pathway Initiates, And Rhoa/Rock Maintains, The Internal Anal Sphincter Smooth Muscle Tone., Satish Rattan

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Inadequacies Of The Imprisoned Mentally Ill: Barriers To Sufficient Care, Elizabeth A. Mittett

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Wealth And Cardiovascular Health: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Wealth-Related Inequalities In The Awareness, Treatment And Control Of Hypertension In High-, Middle- And Low-Income Countries., Benjamin Palafox, Martin Mckee, Dina Balabanova, Khalid F. Khalid, Alvaro Jr Avezum, Ahmad Bahonar, Noorhassim Noorhassim, Jephat Chifamba, Clara K. Chow, Daniel J. Corsi, Gilles R. Dagenais, Rafael Diaz, Rajeev Gupta, Romaina Iqbal, Manmeet Kaur, Rasha Khatib, Annamarie Kruger, Iolanthe Marike Kruger, Fernando Lanas, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Fu Minfan, Viswanathan Mohan, Prem K. Mony, Aytekin Oguz, Lia M. Palileo-Villanueva, Pablo Perel, Paul Poirier, Sumathy Rangarajan, Lei Rensheng, Annika Rosengren, Biju Soman, David Stuckler, S. V. Subramania, Koon Teo, Lungiswa P. Tsolekile, Andreas Wielgosz, Peng Yaguang, Karen Yeates, Mo Yongzhen, Khalid Yusoff, Rita Yusuf, Afzalhussein Yusufali, Katarzyna Zatońska, Salim Yusuf

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

Effective policies to control hypertension require an understanding of its distribution in the population and the barriers people face along the pathway from detection through to treatment and control. One key factor is household wealth, which may enable or limit a household's ability to access health care services and adequately control such a chronic condition. This study aims to describe the scale and patterns of wealth-related inequalities in the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in 21 countries using baseline data from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study.

METHODS:

A cross-section of 163,397 adults aged 35 to 70 …

Initiator Trna Genes Template The 3' Cca End At High Frequencies In Bacteria., David H. Ardell, Ya-Ming Hou

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: While the CCA sequence at the mature 3' end of tRNAs is conserved and critical for translational function, a genetic template for this sequence is not always contained in tRNA genes. In eukaryotes and Archaea, the CCA ends of tRNAs are synthesized post-transcriptionally by CCA-adding enzymes. In Bacteria, tRNA genes template CCA sporadically.

RESULTS: In order to understand the variation in how prokaryotic tRNA genes template CCA, we re-annotated tRNA genes in tRNAdb-CE database version 0.8. Among 132,129 prokaryotic tRNA genes, initiator tRNA genes template CCA at the highest average frequency (74.1%) over all functional classes except selenocysteine and …

Lilliput Effect Dynamics Across The Cretaceous-Paleogene Mass Extinction: Approaches, Prevalence, And Mechanisms, Matthew Brett Jarrett

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

An organism's body size entails both physiological and ecological costs. Furthermore, as a parameter in analyzing organisms, it represents a fundamental and essential morphometric character. Reductions in size following mass extinction is a commonly observed phenomenon in the fossil record. This study examines the evolutionary significance of this phenomenon termed the: 'Lilliput Effect' by proposing that it represents a rapid evolutionary response to altered selection pressures during a mass extinction. This primary hypothesis is evaluated against two additional hypotheses of size reduction: 1) stunted growth as a response to stressed ecosystems, and/or 2) mass extinctions are size selective.

These hypotheses …

Physical Therapy Management Of A Patient With Chronic Knee Pain: A Case Report, Mohamed Elsaid

Case Report Posters

Knee pain affects approximately 25% of adults, and as a result limits functional mobility and may induce participation restrictions. Risk factors may contribute to knee pain, with osteoarthritis (OA) being the most prevalent cause in individuals 50 years and older. The rate of knee replacement surgery among individuals 65 and older has increased by approximately eight fold from 1979-2002. Physical Therapy (PT) is a nonsurgical option that offers individuals relief. The purpose of this case report is to review the PT treatment and management for a patient with chronic knee pain, and use evidence based interventions, such as therapeutic exercises, …

Early Utilization Of The 6-Minute Walk Test (6mwt) In An Active Patient After Cardiac Surgery - A Case Report, Christian Boucher, Kirsten Buchanan

Case Report Posters

Coronary artery disease affects more than 13 million Americans. A sub-population of these patients, despite exercising regularly, can develop cardiac disease. The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) is a functional outcome measure that is easy to implement and has been used across multiple populations. There is limited literature that has investigated the use of the 6MWT on post-operative day one (POD1) after cardiac surgery. Patients participating in self motivated exercise programs prior to surgery are found to excel with early utilization of the 6MWT. For this active sub-population the 6MWT on POD1 may be a more specific and sensitive outcome measure. …

Subacute Physical Therapy Management For Abnormalities Of Gait And Mobility Following An Acute Accident With Farm Equipment: A Case Report, Maria Stern

Case Report Posters

Workers in the agricultural industry experience 243 injuries per day that result in lost work time, with five percent of these resulting in permanent impairments. Functional decline can occur as a result of prolonged hospitalizations. Endurance and strength of the lower extremities, mobility, and tolerance for ambulation are decreased in this population. Physical therapy (PT) interventions can target these impairments to improve functional ability. The purpose of this case report is to describe the PT management used in a subacute setting to improve functional ability, mobility, and gait in a patient who experienced deconditioning due to prolonged hospitalization following an …

Birth Weight And Risk Of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Shiu Lun Au Yeung, Shi Lin Lin, Albert Martin Li, C. Mary Schooling

Publications and Research

Low birth weight is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the association could be confounded by many factors. We used Mendelian randomization to clarify the role of birth weight in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and lipids. We used all 7 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) independently contributing to birth weight at genome wide significance (p < 5 × 10−8) in separate sample instrumental variable analysis to estimate the effect of birth weight on IHD using the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D 1000 Genomes based GWAS case (n = 60,801)-control (n = 123,504) study and on lipids using GLGC (n = 188,577). Higher genetically predicted birth weight was associated with lower risk of IHD (odds ratio (OR) 0.96 per 100 grams, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93 to 0.99), but the association was not robust to sensitivity analyses excluding SNPs related to height or use of weighted median methods. Genetically predicted birth weight was not associated with low density lipoprotein cholesterol or triglycerides, but was associated with lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.014 standard deviation, 95% CI −0.027 to −0.0005) and the association was more robust to the sensitivity analyses. Our study does not show strong evidence for an effect of birth weight on IHD and lipids.

Profiles Of Fatigue Severity And Variability Among Adolescents And Young Adults With Cerebral Palsy, Laura K. Brunton, Doreen J. Bartlett

Physical Therapy Publications

Background: Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) experience progressive changes in functional status with the development of secondary impairments such as fatigue. Detailed accounts of the fatigue experience in CP are lacking.

Purpose: This study describes the severity and variability of fatigue in CP using the Fatigue Impact and Severity Self-Assessment.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study surveying 130 (61 males) individuals (mean age 18 years, 11 months; SD four years, six months) with CP. Analyses comprised comparisons between two groups (Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) I and II-V), frequency counts and proportions.

Results: Significant differences exist between GMFCS …

Vectored Intracerebral Immunization With The Anti-Tau Monoclonal Antibody Phf1 Markedly Reduces Tau Pathology In Mutant Tau Transgenic Mice, Wencheng Liu, Lingzhi Zhao, Brittany Blackman, Mayur Parmar, Man Ying Wong, Thomas Woo, Fangmin Yu, Maria J. Chiuchiolo, Dolan Sondhi, Stephen M. Kaminsky, Ronald G. Crystal, Steven M. Paul

HPD Articles

UNLABELLED: Passive immunization with anti-tau monoclonal antibodies has been shown by several laboratories to reduce age-dependent tau pathology and neurodegeneration in mutant tau transgenic mice. These studies have used repeated high weekly doses of various tau antibodies administered systemically for several months and have reported reduced tau pathology of ∼40-50% in various brain regions. Here we show that direct intrahippocampal administration of the adeno-associated virus (AAV)-vectored anti-phospho-tau antibody PHF1 to P301S tau transgenic mice results in high and durable antibody expression, primarily in neurons. Hippocampal antibody levels achieved after AAV delivery were ∼50-fold more than those reported following repeated systemic …

Optimal Timing Of Free Flap Breast Reconstruction In A Highly Radiated Population, W. Mohiuddin, Kamini D. Patel, Steven E. Copit, Md, Patrick J. Greaney, Md, Facs

Department of Surgery Posters

Introduction

There has been an increasing use of postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) in breast cancer patients, especially in cases of large tumors (T3 or greater) or node-positive disease (N1 or greater).1 When radiation for the treatment of breast cancer is expected, tissue-based breast reconstruction is generally preferred to implant-based reconstruction. This distinction is attributed to the high rate of complications with postoperative radiation after implant-based reconstruction, ranging from 20% to 70%.2

In cases when the need for radiation is likely, breast reconstruction with autologous tissue is typically deferred until the completion of the radiation therapy. Reasons for deferring include avoiding …

An Examination Of The Neural Unreliability Thesis Of Autism, John Butler, Sophie Molholm, Gizely Andrade, John J. Foxe

Articles

An emerging neuropathological theory of Autism, referred to here as “the neural unreliability thesis,” proposes greater variability in moment-to-moment cortical representation of environmental events, such that the system shows general instability in its impulse response function. Leading evidence for this thesis derives from functional neuroimaging, a methodology ill-suited for detailed assessment of sensory transmission dynamics occurring at the millisecond scale. Electrophysiological assessments of this thesis, however, are sparse and unconvincing. We conducted detailed examination of visual and somatosensory evoked activity using high-density electrical mapping in individuals with autism (N = 20) and precisely matched neurotypical controls (N = 20), recording …

Voice And Communication Therapy For The Transgender Or Transsexual Client: Service Delivery And Treatment Options, Carly J. Clark

Graduate Independent Studies - Communication Sciences and Disorders

TG/TS individuals often face discrimination when seeking health care services such as provider judgment. Further, TG/TS individuals may be unaware of culturally competent service providers or the range of services that exist to aid them in their transition. Through extensive review of the literature, these issues will be highlighted in the coming pages to help future clients and clinicians gain the information necessary to obtain and provide effective interventions, respectively.

E-Learning For Research Capacity Strengthening In Sexual And Reproductive Health: The Experience Of The Geneva Foundation For Medical Education And Research And The Department Of Reproductive Health And Research, World Health Organization, Karim Abawi, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli, Igor Toskin, Mario Philip Festin, Lynn Gertiser, Raqibat Idris, Hanan Hamamy, Moazzam Ali, Ameyo Masakhwe Bonventure, Marleen Temmerman, Aldo Campana

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Abstract: Technological advancement has resulted in the increasing use of e-learning and online education, initially in high-income countries and increasingly in low- and middle-income countries.

Background: In 2010, the Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research, in collaboration with the World Health Organization and partner institutions, developed an online postgraduate course “From Research to Practice: Training Course in Sexual and Reproductive Health Research”. This course takes advantage of the advancing Internet technology to provide training opportunities to health professionals mostly from low- and middle-income countries whose access to quality education is constrained by time, financial resources, or both.

Case presentation: …

Retinal Ganglion Cell Neuroprotection Induced By Neuropharmacological Agents In An In-Vivo Model Of Glaucoma, Quinn Ameel

Honors Theses

Recent discoveries from this lab have demonstrated that activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs) on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the retina is linked to neuroprotection of RGCs that are typically lost in glaucoma-like conditions. Various chemical agents have been produced to increase overall neurotransmission of ACh from cholinergic neurons. DMP-543 is an agent that increases calcium release from cholinergic synaptic terminals. Donepezil is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that inhibits the breakdown of ACh in the synaptic cleft, prolonging ACh’s effect. In this study, the neuroprotective activity of these two agents was analyzed at the synapse between starburst amacrine …

Prévention Des Risques Liés Aux Pesticides Chez Les Producteurs De Pommes : État Des Lieux Et Actions À Mener Pour Une Meilleure Protection Individuelle, Ludovic Tuduri, Danièle Champoux, Caroline Jolly, Jonathan Côté, Michèle Bouchard

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au Québec, on dénombrait près de 29 000 exploitations qui procuraient 125 000 emplois à des travailleurs du secteur de la production agricole (2007). Alors que les pesticides ont pour fonction de lutter contre les parasites des cultures, ils peuvent avoir des effets, à court et long termes, sur la santé des producteurs qui y sont exposés, majoritairement par la peau. Leur utilisation est donc encadrée et des mesures de prévention du risque sont proposées, au nombre desquelles les équipements de protection individuelle (ÉPI) jouent un rôle essentiel. Dans un contexte de quasi-absence de données sur les maladies et lésions …

Attitudes, Beliefs, And Factors Affecting Nurse Opioid Administration, Analisa Pearson

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Iron Sucrose Use At A Community-Based Hospital, Ada Jalice, Mercedes Frias, Yarelys Garcia

All Publications

No abstract provided.

Cardiac Specific Overexpression Of Mitochondrial Omi/Htra2 Induces Myocardial Apoptosis And Cardiac Dysfunction., Ke Wang, Yuexing Yuan, Xin Liu, Wayne Bond Lau, Lin Zuo, Xiaoliang Wang, Lu Ma, Kun Jiao, Jianyu Shang, Wen Wang, Xinliang Ma, Huirong Liu

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Myocardial apoptosis is a significant problem underlying ischemic heart disease. We previously reported significantly elevated expression of cytoplasmic Omi/HtrA2, triggers cardiomyocytes apoptosis. However, whether increased Omi/HtrA2 within mitochondria itself influences myocardial survival in vivo is unknown. We aim to observe the effects of mitochondria-specific, not cytoplasmic, Omi/HtrA2 on myocardial apoptosis and cardiac function. Transgenic mice overexpressing cardiac-specific mitochondrial Omi/HtrA2 were generated and they had increased myocardial apoptosis, decreased systolic and diastolic function, and decreased left ventricular remodeling. Transiently or stably overexpression of mitochondria Omi/HtrA2 in H9C2 cells enhance apoptosis as evidenced by elevated caspase-3, -9 activity and TUNEL staining, which …