Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Common And Specific Impairments In Attention Functioning In Girls With Chromosome 22q11.2 Deletion, Fragile X Or Turner Syndromes., A I. Quintero, Elliott A. Beaton, Danielle J. Harvey, Judith L. Ross, Tony J. Simon

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background:

Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS), fragile X syndrome (FXS), and Turner syndrome (TS) are complex and variable developmental syndromes caused by different genetic abnormalities; yet, they share similar cognitive impairments in the domains of numbers, space, and time. The atypical development of foundational neural networks that underpin the attentional system is thought to result in further impairments in higher-order cognitive functions. The current study investigates whether children with similar higher-order cognitive impairments but different genetic disorders also show similar impairments in alerting, orienting, and executive control of attention.

Methods:

Girls with 22q11.2DS, FXS, or TS and typically developing (TD) …

Pilot Study Of Safe Sisters: A Sexual Assault Prevention Program For Sorority Women, Alicia Pugh Cambron

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Sexual violence is a serious problem that can have lasting, harmful effects on victims and their family, friends, and communities (CDC, 2014). Approximately one in five women will become a victim of sexual violence at some point in their lifetime (RAINN, 2009). College women are at a greater risk for rape and other forms of sexual assault than women in the general population (Fisher, Cullen & Turner, 2000). During an academic school year, approximately three percent of college women became a victim of sexual violence (Tijaden & Thoennes, 1998). Sorority women are four times more likely to experience sexual violence …

A Pilot Study: Examining The Effectiveness Of Managing Fatigue Post-Stroke Via Telehealth, Nicole Gronhovd, Hannah Muehlberg

Occupational Therapy Capstones

There is currently a lack of research on the effectiveness of energy conservation techniques to treat the fatigue experienced by individuals following a stroke. Because of this, the purpose of this research study was to explore the effects of Managing Fatigue: A Six Week Course for Energy Conservation, developed by occupational therapists, Packer, Brink, and Sauriol (1995), on the level of fatigue individuals experience following a stroke. As telehealth is an emerging area in occupational therapy service delivery, the present study also aimed to determine the effectiveness of occupational therapy services delivered via teleconference.

A pilot study using a pretest-posttest …

A Community Grant Application To Support People With Dementia And Their Caregivers, Jessica Montomery

Occupational Therapy Capstones

In upcoming years, the population of older adults with dementia is expected to rise exponentially, with the expectation that the majority of these individuals will choose to age in place with increased caregiver support (AARP, 2011; National Alliance for Caregiving, 2009; Vincent & Velkoff, 2010). Without adequate education to prepare for the caregiving role, education, instruction, and support, informal caregivers are at an increased risk for caregiving burden, stress, and mortality rates (Morimoto, Schreiner, & Asano, 2003; Schulz & Beach, 1999; Thinnes & Padilla, 2011). The goal for this scholarly project was to create a home and community-based program for …

Addressing Social, Emotional, And Organizational Goals For A Child With An Autism Spectrum Disorder (Asd) Using The Cognitive Orientation To Daily Occupational Performance (Co-Op) Approach:, Gina Czmowski, Shea Willert

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have social, emotional, and organizational deficits. These are frequently addressed through behavioral-based skills training which often does not result in generalization of skills.

Methods: This single case study sought to understand if the Cognitive Orientation for daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) approach, an approach developed to assist children in problem solving their own motor planning difficulties, is an effective approach for addressing social, emotional, and organizational goals with a child with an ASD.

Results: Pre and post-intervention assessment ratings on the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure and the Performance Quality Rating Scale completed by the …

Continuous Subglottic Suctioning Of Intubated Patients In The Icu, Dan Deutsch

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common complication in mechanically ventilated patients. It causes substantial morbidity and mortality, as well as substantial cost to the patients and healthcare systems. One of the major risk factors identified for risk of VAP is the aspiration of secretions from the oropharynx. One intervention aimed at decreasing the incidence of secretion aspiration is an endotracheal tube (ETT) that can be hooked up to suction, providing continuous subglottic suctioning. The purpose of this paper was to explore the use of continuous subglottic suctioning and its effects on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Review of literature …

Increased Incidence Of Asthma After Previous Infantile Rsv Bronchiolitis Infection, Ellen Adelia Doebler

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a very common infection in children less than two years of age.

• Asthma is a common respiratory disease in childhood, which may cause frequent hospitalizations.

• The purpose of this study is to determine if infants previously diagnosed with RSV bronchiolitis have an increased incidence of asthma diagnosis compared to infants not diagnosed with RSV.

• The literature review examines correlation studies of both disease processes and explores incidence of asthma in patients previously diagnosed with Respiratory Syncytial Virus bronchiolitis.

• Individuals previously diagnosed with Respiratory Syncytial Virus bronchiolitis have a higher risk …

Alternative Treatment With Red Yeast Rice To Reduce Hyperlipidemia, Lisa Froemke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• First line treatment of cardiovascular disease is lifestyle modification followed by the pharmacologic intervention of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors or statins

• Statins are commonly associated with intolerable side effects such as myalgia leading to medication non-compliance

• RYR preparations claim to inhibit cholesterol synthesis without causing myalgia

• RYR preparations have naturally occurring monacolins such as monacolin K which is chemically identical to lovastatin

• RYR is not regulated by the FDA leading to questionable manufacturing practices producing varying ingredient composition

• The purpose of this study is to investigate the role RYR in hyperlipidemia treatment compared to statins …

The Addition Of Tiotropium In Uncontrolled Asthma, Kathryn Gray

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Many patients with asthma have poorly controlled disease despite the use of both an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and a long acting beta agonist (LABA).

• The review explored several studies that compared the addition of tiotropium to patients with uncontrolled asthma currently using both a ICA and a LABA to determine if further symptom reduction is obtained along with reduction of exacerbations

• It was found that patients with poorly controlled asthma will benefit from the addition of tiotropium to the current medication regimen of an ICS and a LABA. Tiotropium offers providers an additional disease controlling option in …

Treatment Of Acute Bronchitis In Children With Pelargonium Sidoides, Amber Houge

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Bronchitis is one of the most common acute infections affecting pediatric patients. Most cases are caused by viral infections, do not respond to antibiotic therapy, and can take up to 14 days to resolve with supportive therapy. The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of Pelargonium Sidoides (Umcka™, EPs 7630) extract will decrease the duration and severity of symptoms from acute bronchitis in the pediatric population. Pelargonium Sidoides abstract is an extract of an African Geranium that has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The review of the literature will evaluate multiple randomized controlled trials …

Hypertonic Saline Therapy In Cystic Fibrosis, Idil Mohamed

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that severely affects the lungs as well as other organs in the body. The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis lung disease involves the production of thick and sticky mucus that accumulates leading to obstruction and inflammation of the airways. This disease is characterized by abnormal transport of sodium and chloride across an epithelium by defective genes, resulting in thick mucus secretions.

Nebulized hypertonic saline (3% NaCl) improves mucociliary clearance through rehydration of the airway surface liquid of the lungs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of nebulized hypertonic saline …

New Age Anticoagulants: A Safer And More Effective Alternative To Warfarin?, Benjamin Johnson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained heart rhythm in the United States with estimated prevalence rates of 8.8/100 (Wolf, Abbott, & Kannel, 1991). The largest risk for patients with atrial fibrillation is that of ischemic stroke from embolization of an atrial clot, thus the long standing treatment for this arrhythmia is aggressive anticoagulation. For decades this has been accomplished with the use of warfarin, however, the increased risk of hemorrhage combined with the inconvenience of weekly blood testing has prompted the development of potentially safer and more effective alternatives. A systematic review of the literature identified studies that examined …

Comparing Fecal Microbiota Transplant (Fmt) To Vancomycin: In Treatment Of Recurrent Clostridium Difficile Infections (Cdi), Christopher Seil

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the main cause of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis.

• CDI has tripled over the last ten years due to the increased use of broad spectrum antibiotics. CDI has become increasingly difficult to manage with traditional therapies such as metronidazole and vancomycin due to mutations in the pathogen, resulting in resistant organisms.

• The purpose of this review was to determine if fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is more effective in treating and curing CDIs than traditional vancomycin therapy.

• The hypothesis was that FMT will have better treatment outcomes than traditional vancomycin therapy.

• The findings …

Lyme Disease Outcomes With Immediate, Short Duration Antibiotic Use Versus Delayed, Longer Duration Use, Lori A. Steinley

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Lyme disease is the fastest growing vector-borne disease in the United States, according to the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA). The guidelines for diagnosis provided by the IDSA include evidence of erythema migrans rash with validation of a positive two-tier serology testing. With no established treatment standards, decreased sensitivity of testing and inconsistency of observing the rash, practitioners following the guidelines may delay treatment of antibiotics. This delay could cause progression of severity of symptoms.

The purpose of this study is to compare implementation and duration time of antibiotics and establish the treatment protocol for best clinical outcomes for …

Acute Myocardial Infarction: Are We Overlooking Nstemi?, Kevin D. Swenson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of death in the United States.

• The purpose of this study was to examine methods of clinical differentiation between ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) and then to compare the various treatment methods and subsequent outcomes in STEMI versus NSTEMI.

• A compilation of systematic reviews, medical journals, practice guidelines, medical texts and meta-analyses were researched for the purpose of this study.

• NSTEMI patients are older, have more comorbidities and present with more atypical symptoms than STEMI patients.

• NSTEMI patients are treated less aggressively …

Muscle Fiber Size And Composition Differences Between Ames Dwarf Mice And Wild-Type Mice, Jordan Anderson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background: Ames dwarf mice demonstrate delayed aging processes in multiple body systems. We compared muscle composition and area between dwarf and wild-type mice to determine if any significant differences exist.

Methods: We resected soleus, gastrocnemius/plantaris, tibialis anterior, and extensor digitorum longus muscles from both dwarf and wild-type mice, then froze, sliced, set on slides, and stained to isolate fast-twitch and slow-twitch fibers. Microscopy images were taken at 10x magnification and fiber composition and cross-sectional area were measured in soleus muscles.

Results: Wild-type mice had an average composition of 52.3% fast-twitch and 47.7% slow-twitch fibers while dwarf mice had 66.3% slow-twitch …

S/P Right Hip Orif, Brian Bartow

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Hip fracture is a major medical problem among older adults, leading to impaired balance and gait and loss of functional independence. An open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) is a method of surgically repairing a fractured bone. Generally, this involves either the use of plates and screws or an intramedullary (IM) rod to stabilize the bone.

Case Description: The patient was a 51-year-old female who fractured her right hip while running. She had complained of thigh pain with running for 1 to 2 months prior. She had gamma nail pinning.

Intervention: The focus of treatment was to increase …

Developing Entry-To-Practice Nursing Informatics Competencies For Registered Nurses, Lynn M. Nagle, Kristine Crosby, Noreen Frisch, Elizabeth Borycki, Lorie Donelle Phd, Rn, Fcan, Kathryn Hannah, Alexandra Harris, Sylvie Jetté, Tracy Shaben

Publications

Information and communication technologies (ICT) have brought about significant changes to the processes of health care delivery and changed how nurses perform in clinical, administrative, academic, and research settings. Because the potential benefits of ICT are significant, it is critical that new nurses have the knowledge and skills in informatics to provide safe and effective care. Despite the prevalence of technology in our day to day lives, and the potential significant benefits to patients, new nurses may not be prepared to work in this evolving reality. An important step in addressing this need for ICT preparation is to ensure that …

Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Of Two Tibetan Wild Barley Genotypes In Responses To Low Potassium, Jianbin Zeng, Xiaoyan He, Dezhi Wu, Bo Zhu, Shengguan Cai, Umme Aktari Nadira, Zahra Jabeen, Guoping Zhang

Publications

Potassium (K) deficiency is one of the major factors affecting crop growth and productivity. Development of low-K tolerant crops is an effective approach to solve the nutritional deficiency in agricultural production. Tibetan annual wild barley is rich in genetic diversity and can grow normally under poor soils, including low-K supply. However, the molecular mechanism about low K tolerance is still poorly understood. In this study, Illumina RNA-Sequencing was performed using two Tibetan wild barley genotypes differing in low K tolerance (XZ153, tolerant and XZ141, sensitive), to determine the genotypic difference in transcriptome profiling. We identified a total of 692 differentially …

Dj-1 And Atp13a2: Two Proteins Involved In Parkinson’S Disease, Josephat M Asiago

Open Access Dissertations

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, affecting approximately 0.3% of the total U.S. population, and its prevalence increases with age. Two neuropathological hallmarks of PD are the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, a region in the midbrain involved in initiating and sustaining movement, and the presence of cytosolic inclusions called Lewy bodies (LBs) in various brain regions. LBs are enriched with fibrillar forms of the presynaptic protein &agr;-synuclein (aSyn). Two autosomal recessive genes implicated in familial PD are PARK9, encoding the P-type ATPase ATP13A2, a lysosomal ATPase; and …

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 91, No. 4, 2014)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 91, No. 2, 2014)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy: Establishing A New Program, Nikhil A. Kumta, Shivani Mehta, Prashant Kedia, Kristen Weaver-Toedtman Phd, Acnp, Anp, Reem Z. Sharaiha, Norio Fukami, Hitomi Minami, Fernando Casas, Monica Gaidhane, Arnon Lambroza, Michel Kahaleh

Publications

Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder characterized by incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and aperistalsis of the esophageal body. Treatment of achalasia is aimed at decreasing the resting pressure in the LES. Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), derived from natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) and advances in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), presents a novel, minimally invasive, and curative endoscopic treatment for achalasia. POEM involves an esophageal mucosal incision followed by creation of a submucosal tunnel crossing the esophagogastric junction and myotomy before closure of the mucosal incision. Although the procedure is technically demanding and requires a certain …

Preoperative Education Needs In Ear, Nose, & Throat Clinic: A Patient Perspective, Jonathan Edmun Ramos

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A medical center specializing in ear, nose, and throat (ENT) services noted an increase in the number of postoperative ENT complications compared to the national average. The purpose of this mixed-methods project study was to examine ENT patients' preoperative patient education (PPE) needs regarding postoperative care. Grounded in Knowles's model of learning, core adult learning principles were applied as guidelines in facilitating patients' PPE learning. Data were collected from 58 ENT patients who were selected using a convenience sampling method and who responded to a PPE survey using a 5-point Likert scale and open-ended questions. Quantitative data were analyzed using …

Increasing Hpv Vaccination Rates Among Adolescent Males: A Toolkit For Parents, Lance Everette Hadley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are approximately 14 million new cases of HPV diagnosed each year (men and women combined). The rate of vaccine administration among adolescent males is much less than it is among females. As a result, the CDC has urged health care providers to work with state and local health care providers to improve the utilization of the HPV vaccine. The purpose of this scholarly project was to develop an educational toolkit, one guided by Ajzen and Fishbein's theory of reasoned action, regarding the value of the HPV vaccine. The toolkit …

The Impact Of Vaccination Schedules On Infants' And Children's Physio-Psychological Health: A Qualitative Investigation, Dina A. Alsalih

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many people may have become increasingly concerned about the risks associated with vaccines. At the same time, there is a lack of qualitative research on the impact of various vaccinations schedules on individuals' physio-psychological health. In addition, "mandatory" versus "nonmandatory, but recommended" vaccines are still under debate in some Western countries. The purpose of this ethnographic study was to provide an in-depth understanding of the beliefs, experiences, and perceptions of adolescents, parents, and health care providers regarding different vaccination schedules. The health belief model was used as the theoretical framework. The sample consisted of adolescents and parents from different vaccination …

Employing Provider Mentoring/Coaching To Improve Preventive Quality Ordering, Julie Knox-Woodward

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Preventive quality ordering is a provider intervention aimed at disease prevention through the ordering of industry-recommended health maintenance tests. This pilot study evaluated the effectiveness of provider mentoring/coaching to improve preventive quality ordering using the 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality best practice preventive clinical services guidelines. Literature indicates provider inconsistency in preventive and quality ordering as the primary cause of disparate health outcomes. Guided by theories of modeling and role-modeling, as well as the theory of cognitive continuum, this pilot study offered provider mentoring/coaching to encourage timely preventative quality ordering. Routinely monitored historic provider practice patterns in a …

Correlates Of Asthma Among The Minority Population In South Bronx,New York, Veronica Chibumma Uwanaka

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Asthma among children has become an inherent problem in many communities in the United States, especially among the minority population. The South Bronx has a large minority population and a high prevalence of asthma. However, no study to date has explored the factors associated with this high prevalence rates in this population. Drawing from theories of social ecology and environmental health, the objective of this quantitative cross-sectional study is to investigate the correlates of asthma among children in the South Bronx by studying the sociodemographic and environmental risk factors, including parental occupation; neighborhood and housing characteristics, air quality, and poverty. …

Enhancing Nurses' Perceptions Of Patient Safety Culture Through The Just Culture Model, Aida Solomon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

An organizational culture of safety affects employees' attitudes, beliefs, perceptions, and values related to safe practice as well as their behaviors and level of engagement. The purpose of this project was to determine the influence of introducing the just culture model through staff engagement in an interactive workshop. A convenience sample of acute care staff were recruited for this 1-sample pretest and posttest project design. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture instrument was used to measure safety culture perceptions on 7 dimensions pre and post intervention. For the theoretical framework, Ajzen's theory of …

The Impact Of Prostate Cancer On Survivors' Sense Of Meaning In Life, Carol Lynn Brady

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Research has shown that meaning in life is a universal human need, regardless of cultural identity or education. This research study investigated how the encounter with prostate cancer impacted men's sense of well-being and what they considered meaningful in life. An interpretative phenomenological research design was used because of its descriptive nature and its focus on the individual's perspective. The sample included 6 men between the ages of 18 and 65 who had been out of treatment for 1 year. Participants completed essays about their perceptions and experiences over 3 periods of time: before diagnosis, during treatment, and as survivors. …