Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Optimal Marketing Date Of Steers Depends On Marketing Strategy, James C. Macdonald, Cody J. Schneider, Kelsey M. Rolfe Rolfe, Stephen D. Kachman, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Seven research trials conducted over five years at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln were summarized to determine how animal performance changes through the finishing period on a live and carcass weight basis. Live weight, carcass weight, carcass ADG, and carcass feed efficiency all changed quadratically throughout the feeding period; live ADG and live feed efficiency declined linearly. During times of negative profit margins, optimal profitability for steers marketed on a live-basis occurred by selling early, whereas optimal profitability was achieved by feeding steers marketed on a carcass-basis longer.

The Effects Of Diet And Cooler Aging On Specific Flavor Notes In Beef, Kimberly A. Varnold, Chris R. Calkins, Rhonda K. Miller Miller, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred steers (n = 64) were grazed on warm- or cool-season grass-dominated pastures, without or with energy supplementation of wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS), and were finished on a corn-based diet with or without 35% WDGS. Finishing on corn increased desirable flavor notes and decreasedundesirable flavor notes in both L. dorsi and B. femoris steaks. In addition, grazing on warm-season grasses increased the prevalence of undesirable flavors but was often dissipated by the addition WDGS supplementation. Longer aging periods tended to increase the prevalence of undesirable flavors, especially in B. femoris steaks. It is recommended producers provide WDGS supplementation, …

Clinical Features, Proximate Causes, And Consequences Of Active Convulsive Epilepsy In Africa, Symon M. Kariuki, William Matuja, Albert Akpalu, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Martin Chabi, Ryan G. Wagner, Myles Connor, Eddie Chengo, Anthony K. Ngugi, Rachael Odhiambo, Christian Bottomley, Steven White, Josemir W. Sander, Brian G. R. Neville, Charles R. J. C. Newton

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Purpose: Epilepsy is common in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but the clinical features and consequences are poorly characterized. Most studies are hospital-based, and few studies have compared different ecological sites in SSA. We described active convulsive epilepsy (ACE) identified in cross-sectional community-based surveys in SSA, to understand the proximate causes, features, and consequences.

Methods: We performed a detailed clinical and neurophysiologic description of ACE cases identified from a community survey of 584,586 people using medical history, neurologic examination, and electroencephalography (EEG) data from five sites in Africa: South Africa; Tanzania; Uganda; Kenya; and Ghana. The cases were examined by clinicians to …

Mycoplasma Genitalium Promotes Epithelial Crossing And Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Infection By Hiv-1, Kishore Das, Georgina De La Garza, Edward B. Siwak, Virginia L. Scofield, Subramanian Dhandayuthapani

School of Medicine Publications

Background

Mycoplasma genitalium co-infection in HIV-infected individuals has been reported to increase the shedding of HIV in the urogenital region of females. To better understand this relationship, we investigated the influence of M. genitalium on the transmission and replication of HIV using an in vitro model.

Methods

The Transwell co-culture system was employed to assess the crossing of an endocervical cell barrier by HIV-1. Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy were used to assess the distribution of the nectin-1 molecule on M. genitalium -infected epithelial cells of the End1/E6E7 endocervical cell line, grown as monolayers in the insert wells. Peripheral blood mononuclear …

Development Of An Optimized Protocol For The Isolation Of Methicillin-Resistance Genes In Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteriophages Present In The Environment, Taryn Katherine Boyle

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

abstract

Partnership, Maine Medical Center

Annual Reports

Biennial Report on Nursing, 2013-2014

Sleep Disturbance And Outcomes In Patients With Heart Failure And Their Family Caregivers, Sami Al-Rawashdeh

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

Sleep disturbance is common in patients with heart failure (HF) and the family caregivers. Sleep disturbance is known as a predictor of poor quality of life (QoL) in individual level. The manner in which patients’ and caregivers’ sleep disturbances influence each other’s QoL has not been determined. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the associations of sleep disturbance and outcomes in patients with HF and their primary family caregivers. The specific aims were to: 1) examine whether sleep disturbance of patients and their family caregivers predict their own and their partners’ QoL; 2) examine the mediator effects of …

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - January 2014, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Occupational Therapy Based Guide For Caregivers Of Individuals With Muscular Dystrophy, Chelsea Hesby, Macaila Pagel

Occupational Therapy Capstones

The purpose of this scholarly project was to develop a holistic guide that could be provided by occupational therapists (OTs) to caregivers of individuals with muscular dystrophy (MD). A comprehensive literature review was conducted on the impact that caregiving for individuals with MD has on quality of life, stress management and mental health. The review of literature also explored caregivers’ access to resources and common difficulties experienced. The literature revealed that there have been recent advances in medical fields which have led to an increased lifespan for individuals with MD to an average age of 27 years old (Eagle et …

Pilot Study: Affect Of Power Posing On Ot Student Performance When Implementing Interventions, Aimee Abel, Brittney Barelman

Occupational Therapy Capstones

Objectives. This pilot study used a quasi-experimental repeated measures design to explore the affect of power posing on Occupational Therapy student performance when conducting interventions with clients. The study was conducted in an attempt to determine an effective strategy used to enhance student therapist performance to support occupational adaptation in school and during the transition to entry-level clinician.

Method. Second year occupational therapy students (n = 10) from the University of North Dakota at the Casper, WY site and practicing clinicians (n = 10) from the community of Casper participated in the study. The student therapists conducted two interventions on …

Transmural Heterogeneity Of Cellular Level Cardiac Contractile Properties In Aging And Heart Failure, Premi Haynes

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

The left ventricle of the heart relaxes when it fills with blood and contracts to eject blood into circulation to meet the body’s metabolic demands. Dysfunction in either relaxation or contraction of the left ventricle can lead to heart failure. Transmural heterogeneity is thought to contribute to normal ventricular wall motion but it is not well understood how transmural modifications affect the failing left ventricle. The overall hypothesis of this dissertation is that normal left ventricles exhibit transmural heterogeneity in cellular level contractile properties and with aging and heart failure there are region-specific changes in cellular level contractile mechanisms.

Age …

Healthcare Utilization Among Hispanic Immigrants With Diabetes: Investigating The Effect Of Us Documentation Status, Elizabeth K. Do, Robin K. Matsuyama

Social and Behavioral Sciences Publications

Previous studies have not examined whether documentation status has an effect on healthcare utilization among US Hispanic immigrants with diabetes. A secondary analysis was conducted using data from the Pew Hispanic Center and Robert Johnson Wood Foundation’s 2007 Hispanic Healthcare Survey. Hispanic immigrants diagnosed with diabetes were included in analyses. The association between documentation status and healthcare utilization was assessed using logistic regressions. Of N = 577 Hispanic immigrants with diabetes, 80 % were documented immigrants and 81 % reported having visited a healthcare provider in the last 6 months. Adjusting for confounders, those who were undocumented faced higher odds …

Dispute Resolution Mechanisms For Intractable Medical Futility Disputes, Thaddeus Mason Pope

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Cytotoxic Clinical Isolates Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Identified During The Steroids For Corneal Ulcers Trial Show Elevated Resistance To Fluoroquinolones, Durga S. Borkar, Nisha R. Acharya, Chelsia Leong, Prajna Lalitha, Muthiah Srinivasan, Catherine E. Oldenburg, David J. Evans

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Background: To determine the relationship between type three secretion genotype and fluoroquinolone resistance for P. aeruginosa strains isolated from microbial keratitis during the Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT) and for two laboratory strains, PA103 and PAO1.

Methods: Confirmed P. aeruginosa isolates from the SCUT were divided into exoU(+) or exoU(−). The exoU(+) strains contained the gene encoding ExoU, a powerful phospholipase toxin delivered into host cells by the type three secretion system. Isolates were then assessed for susceptibility to fluoroquinolone, cephalosporin, and aminoglycoside antibiotics using disk diffusion assays. Etest was used to determine the MIC of moxifloxacin …

Altering Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress In A Model Of Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury Controls Cellular Fate And Ameliorates Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, Aric Flint Logsdon, Ryan Coddington Turner, Brandon Peter Lucke-Wold, Matthew James Robson, Zachary James Naser, Kelly Elizabeth Smith, Rae Reiko Matsumoto

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Neuronal injury following blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) increases the risk for neuropsychiatric disorders, yet the pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and apoptosis have all been implicated in bTBI. Microvessel compromise is a primary effect of bTBI and is postulated to cause subcellular secondary effects such as ER stress. What remains unclear is how these secondary effects progress to personality disorders in humans exposed to head trauma. To investigate this we exposed male rats to a clinically relevant bTBI model we have recently developed. The study examined initial BBB disruption using Evan’s blue (EB), …

Bullying In The Clinical Training Of Pharmacy Students, Katherine K. Knapp, Patricia A. Shane, Debra Sasaki-Hill, Keith Yoshizuka, Paul Chan, Thuy Vo

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Objective. To determine whether bullying is a significant factor in the clinical training of pharmacy students.

Methods. The literature as well as the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) Standards and American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) surveys were reviewed for mention and/or measurement of bullying behaviors in the clinical training of pharmacy students. The authors used a Delphi process to define bullying behavior. The consensus definition was used to analyze 2,087 in-house student evaluations of preceptors for evidence of bullying behaviors. The authors mapped strings of text from in-house student comments to different, established categories of …

Pharmacy Students’ Performance And Perceptions In A Flipped Teaching Pilot On Cardiac Arrhythmias, Terri H. Wong, Eric J. Ip, Ingrid C. Lopes, Vanishree Rajagopalan

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Objective. To implement the flipped teaching method in a 3-class pilot on cardiac arrhythmias and to assess the impact of the intervention on academic performance and student perceptions.

Design. An intervention group of 101 first-year pharmacy students, who took the class with the flipped teaching method, were supplied with prerecorded lectures prior to their 3 classes (1 class in each of the following subjects: basic sciences, pharmacology, and therapeutics) on cardiac arrhythmias. Class time was focused on active-learning and case-based exercises. Students then took a final examination that included questions on cardiac arrhythmias. The examination scores of the …

Implementation Of An Accelerated Physical Examination Course In A Doctor Of Pharmacy Program, Jackie Ho, Monica K. Bidwal, Ingrid C. Lopes, Bijal M. Shah, Eric J. Ip

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Pharmacy

Objective. To describe the implementation of a 1-day accelerated physical examination course for a doctor of pharmacy program and to evaluate pharmacy students’ knowledge, attitudes, and confi- dence in performing physical examination.

Design. Using a flipped teaching approach, course coordinators collaborated with a physician faculty member to design and develop the objectives of the course. Knowledge, attitude, and confidence survey questions were administered before and after the practical laboratory.

Assessment. Following the practical laboratory, knowledge improved by 8.3% (p,0.0001). Students’ perceived ability and confidence to perform a physical examination significantly improved (p,0.0001). A majority of students responded …

Comparative Study Of Helminth Parasites Of The Many-Ribbed Salamander, Eurycea Multiplicata And Oklahoma Salamander, Eurycea Tynerensis (Caudata: Plethodontidae), From Arkansas And Oklahoma, A, C. T. Mcallister, M. B. Connior, C. R. Bursey, H. W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Ninety many-ribbed salamanders, Eurycea multiplicata and 135 Oklahoma salamanders, Eurycea tynerensis were collected between April 2010 and April 2014 from 14 counties of Arkansas and McCurtain County, Oklahoma (E. multiplicata only) and examined for helminth parasites. Twelve (13%) E. multiplicata were infected, including two (2%) each with Brachycoelium salamandrae, Bothriocephalus rarus, Batracholandros magnavulvaris, Cosmocercoides variabilis, and Omeia papillocauda, and one (1%) each with an oligacanthorhynchid cystacanth and Fessisentis vancleavei. Forty-one (30%) of the E. tynerensis were infected, including seven (5%) with Gorgoderina tenua, two (1%) each with Phyllodistomum solidum and cyclophyllidean tapeworm cysticerci, one (0.7%) with Cylindrotaenia americana, six (3%) …

New Records Of Ectoparasites And Other Epifauna From Scalopus Aquaticus And Blarina Carolinensis In Arkansas, M. B. Connior, L. A. Durden, C. T. Mcallister

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Caspase-12 And Rheumatoid Arthritis In African-Americans, Laura Marshall, Mohammad Obaidullah, Trista Fuchs, Naomi S. Fineberg, Garland Brinkley, Ted R. Mikuls, Evan Hermel

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Osteopathic Medicine

CASPASE-12 (CASP12) has a downregulatory function during infection and thus may protect against inflammatory disease. We investigated the distribution of CASP12 alleles (#rs497116) in African-Americans (AA) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CASP12 alleles were genotyped in 953 RA patients and 342 controls. Statistical analyses comparing genotype groups were performed using Kruskal–Wallis non-parametric ANOVA with Mann–Whitney U tests and chi-square tests. There was no significant difference in the overall distribution of CASP12 genotypes within AA with RA, but CASP12 homozygous patients had lower baseline joint-narrowing scores. CASP12 homozygosity appears to be a subtle protective factor for some aspects of RA in AA …

The Comparative Effectiveness Of Group Prenatal Care On Women's Psychosocial Health, Emily Heberlein

Theses and Dissertations

Background: High rates of adverse birth outcomes persist in the United States despite increased access to individual prenatal care (IPNC). Psychosocial factors influence birth outcomes and affect infant and child development and maternal functioning. Group prenatal care (GPNC) combines individual physical assessments and facilitated group education and support. Studies of GPNC show promising results, including lowered preterm birth rates, but the GPNC psychosocial mechanisms influencing birth outcomes are unclear.

Methods: Surveys at study enrollment (N=248), late pregnancy, and six weeks postpartum assessed psychosocial effects of each PNC model. Multiple regression models and planned moderator analyses tested whether GPNC participants had …

Efficacy Of Video Modeling For Treatment Of Selective Mutism In Children, Danielle Newberry Phillips

Theses and Dissertations

Selective mutism is an extremely rare socio-pragmatic communication disorder that affects less than 1% of the population. The treatment of selective mutism may be addressed via many different approaches, including drug therapies and behavioral approaches or combinations of both. Self-modeling is a behavioral approach and is similar to that of video modeling. Video modeling treatment is becoming a more popular approach to serve individuals with social and behavioral disorders. Video modeling has been documented to improve social and behavioral deficits in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Because selective mutism is a rare condition and because the effects of video modeling …

The Association Between The Social Context Of Mealtime, Children's Diet, Caregiver's Experiences With Discrimination And Household Food Insecurity, Michael Patrick Burke

Theses and Dissertations

The social context of mealtime---defined as the social interactions and practices during mealtime---plays an important role in children's diet. Household food insecurity disrupts or causes worry about the household food supply, and therefore may negate the positive effect of the social context of meals; however, little research has examined household food security and the social context of mealtime. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between various aspects of the social context of mealtime---dietary modeling, parenting style, eating together, mealtime screen time, and priority and atmosphere of mealtime---and dietary quality among children within food-insecure households. The results …

Cellular And Biochemical Effects Of Sparstolonin B On Endothelial Cells To Inhibit Angiogenesis, Marwa Belhaj

Theses and Dissertations

Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel development by endothelial cells from pre-existing vasculature; however, abnormal angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of many disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and chronic inflammation. Angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaques contributes to their instability and therefore increases the risk of plaque rupture and thrombus formation. Sparstolonin B (SsnB) is a novel bioactive compound isolated from Sparganium stoloniferum, an herb that has been used historically in the Chinese herbal medicine "SanLeng" as an herbal remedy for the treatment of several inflammatory diseases. In this study, we have explored the anti-angiogenic properties of SsnB in …

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles As Guardian Against Environmental Carcinogen Benzo[Alpha]Pyrene, Anupam Dhasmana, Qazi Mohd Sajid Jamal, Snober Shabnam Mir, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Qamar Rahman, Richa Gupta, Mohd. Haris Siddiqui, Mohtashim Lohani

School of Medicine Publications

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), like Benzo[alpha]Pyrene (BaP) are known to cause a number of toxic manifestations including lung cancer. As Titanium dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have recently been shown to adsorb a number of PAHs from soil and water, we investigated whether TiO2 NPs could provide protection against the BaP induced toxicity in biological system. A549 cells when co-exposed with BaP (25 µM, 50 µM and 75 µM) along with 0.1 µg/ml,0.5 µg/ml and 1 µg/ml of TiO2 NPs, showed significant reduction in the toxic effects of BaP, as measured by Micronucleus Assay, MTT Assay and ROS Assay. In order …

Survivorship Analysis For Osteosarcoma And Ewing’S Sarcoma In Children And Adolescents At A Single Pediatric Institution: Comparison To Seer Data, Chittalsinh M. Raulji, Hope Pritchett, Matthew Stark, Kenneth Ward, Velasco Cruz, Jaime Morales

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Primary malignant bone tumors account for approximately 6% of all childhood malignancies. Osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) are the most common and have an annual incidence of 8.7 per million under the age of 20 years. The mean 5-year survival for OS and ES has been 61% and 60% respectively. The survival for OS and ES has not significantly improved for past 20 years.

We examined the cases of OS and ES, treated at Children’s Hospital of New Orleans (CHNOLA) from 1999-2012. Comparison to national survival data from the Survival, Epidemiological and End Results (SEER) study was done. The …

Physical Therapy In Wound Healing, Edema, And Urinary Incontinence, Jakub Taradaj, Tomasz Urbanek, Luther C. Kloth, Marco Romanelli

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Contributions Of The Pre-Bötzinger Complex And The Kölliker-Fuse Nuclei To Respiratory Rhythm And Pattern Generation In Awake And Sleeping Goats, Hubert Forster, Joshua M. Bonis, Katie L. Krause, Julie Wenninger, Suzanne Neumueller, Matthew Hodges, Lawrence Pan

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

We investigated in three groups of awake and sleeping goats whether there are differences in ventilatory responses after injections of Ibotenic acid (IA, glutamate receptor agonist and neurotoxin) into the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), lateral parabrachial (LPBN), medial (MPBN) parabrachial, or Kölliker-Fuse nuclei (KFN). In one group, within minutes after bilateral injection of 10 μl IA (50 mM) into the preBötC, there was a 10-fold increase in breathing frequency, but 1.5 h later, the goats succumbed to terminal apnea. These data are consistent with findings in reduced preparations that the preBötC is critical to sustaining normal breathing. In a second group, …

The Role Of Aerobic Physical Fitness In Overweight Adolescents, Stacy Stolzman, Jenna Speltz, Katherine Hoffmeister, Michael E. Danduran, Joseph Skelton, Paula E. Papanek, April L. Harkins, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.