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2014

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Articles 7681 - 7710 of 9579

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Church-Based Alcohol Rehabilitation In The Former Soviet Union, Mark R. Elliott Jan 2014

Church-Based Alcohol Rehabilitation In The Former Soviet Union, Mark R. Elliott

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

No abstract provided.

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The Effect Of Damaged Bases On The End Joining Of Dna Double Strand Break Ends, Duaa Bafail Jan 2014

The Effect Of Damaged Bases On The End Joining Of Dna Double Strand Break Ends, Duaa Bafail

Theses and Dissertations

DNA double strand breaks (DSBs ) are extremely toxic to cells because they can lead to genomic rearrangements and even cell death. Two main pathways can repair DSBs: the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway and the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathway. NHEJ is the primary repair pathway in mammalian cells. HRR repairs single strand breaks (SSBs) or DSBs, mostly during late S phase and G2 phase of the cell cycle, by using an undamaged copy of the DNA sequence, and is therefore largely error-free, while the NHEJ pathway repairs DSBs without the requirement for sequence homology, may be error-free or error-prone, …

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Health Policy And The Syrian Chemical Weapons Crisis, David P. Fidler Jan 2014

Health Policy And The Syrian Chemical Weapons Crisis, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

For health policy, armed conflicts constitute one of the most severe emergency contexts in which health, well-being, and determinants of health are threatened. The Syrian civil war has proved no different, as health experts re­peatedly lament the humanitarian debacle the Syrian conflict has become. The main distinguishing feature of the Syrian civil war has been the large-scale use of chemical weapons in August 2013. This essay analyzes the chemical weapons crisis and its diplomatic resolution from a health policy perspective, with particular attention on whether the handling of this crisis created positive health policy “spillover” opportunities for more effectively addressing …

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Stresspression? A Study On The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, Depression And College Females, Ingrid Mateo Jan 2014

Stresspression? A Study On The Relationship Between Perceived Stress, Depression And College Females, Ingrid Mateo

Phi Kappa Phi Research Symposium (Archived)

The purpose of this study was to assess perceived stress levels among college students at a university in rural southeast Georgia. The period of undergraduate education introduces a new social environment that may require young adults to appraise their resources of social support and coping strategies to manage stress (Chao, 2012). The researcher hypothesized that white, freshman, female students would have higher perceived stress level than any other group. To test this, a self-administered survey was used in this quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional study. The survey was administered to 203 participants, all over the age of 18. Sampling methodology conducted in …

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Simulated Learning In Musculoskeletal Assessment And Rehabilitation Education: Comparing The Effect Of A Simulation-Based Learning Activity With A Peer-Based Learning Activity, Mark Hecimovich, Simone Volet Jan 2014

Simulated Learning In Musculoskeletal Assessment And Rehabilitation Education: Comparing The Effect Of A Simulation-Based Learning Activity With A Peer-Based Learning Activity, Mark Hecimovich, Simone Volet

Faculty Publications

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders and diseases are leading causes of pain, physical disability, and doctor visits throughout the world. Health professionals must be trained to assess, treat through rehabilitation and monitor patients with these disorders. Yet, due to overcrowded curricula, some health education programs struggle to accommodate more than minimal training in musculoskeletal conditions. Consequently, educators in these professions must consider how traditional instruction could be complemented effectively to enhance students’ preparation for the diverse musculoskeletal disorders and pathologies they may encounter. The purpose of this study was to explore the benefits that can be obtained from laboratory practice in musculoskeletal …

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Let’S Play: Understanding The Role And Significance Of Digital Gaming In Old Age, Julie A. Skalsky Brown Jan 2014

Let’S Play: Understanding The Role And Significance Of Digital Gaming In Old Age, Julie A. Skalsky Brown

Theses and Dissertations--Gerontology

Despite a marked increase in the use of digital games among older persons, there is insufficient research that provides insight into the gaming experiences of this population. A major demographic shift within the senior gaming market has ushered in a new perspective on the use of digital games as a tool for physical and cognitive health, and improved socialization. It is proposed that individual notions of play, which are developed over the life course, influence digital game play engagement and interaction preferences, and contribute to well-being. This study explored how self-perceptions of play over the course of the senior gamer’s …

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Plagiarism Of Ideas. Benjamin Rush And Charles Caldwell--A Student-Mentor Dispute, Charles T. Ambrose Jan 2014

Plagiarism Of Ideas. Benjamin Rush And Charles Caldwell--A Student-Mentor Dispute, Charles T. Ambrose

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Study Abroad Opportunities For Dietetics And Human Nutrition Students: Expectations, Benefits And Barriers, Kailey Marie Cunningham Jan 2014

Study Abroad Opportunities For Dietetics And Human Nutrition Students: Expectations, Benefits And Barriers, Kailey Marie Cunningham

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

This study analyzed the perceptions of University of Kentucky Dietetic and Human Nutrition students as they relate to the benefits and barriers of study abroad educational opportunities. The final sample consisted of 164 participants, with 18.9% (n=31) in the Coordinated Program in Dietetics (CP), 32.3% (n=53) in the Didactic Program in Dietetics (DPD), 42.7% (n=70) in the Human Nutrition (HN) program and 5.5% (n=9) who identified their program as ‘other’. The primary barriers to participation in study abroad were cost and problems fitting education abroad into the current program of study. The primary benefits were identified as dietary and health …

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Breast Cancer Susceptibility : An Education Intervention And Genetic Epidemiology Study, Nur Zeinomar Jan 2014

Breast Cancer Susceptibility : An Education Intervention And Genetic Epidemiology Study, Nur Zeinomar

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer (aside from non-melanoma skin cancers) and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States. Our studies aimed to assess the effectiveness of a breast cancer educational intervention and to investigate genetic influences on the risk of post-menopausal breast cancer. The overarching theme and public health relevance of this dissertation was that our findings provided leads for breast cancer prevention.

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Predictors Of Emergency Room And Hospital Utilization Among Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities (Idd) In New York City, Meghan G. Blaskowitz Jan 2014

Predictors Of Emergency Room And Hospital Utilization Among Adults With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities (Idd) In New York City, Meghan G. Blaskowitz

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background. Avoidable emergency room (ER) visits and hospital admissions among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) contribute significantly to rising Medicaid costs. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) and New York State (NYS) Medicaid Redesign Team have identified a critical need to reduce ER and hospital utilization in an effort to contain healthcare costs and improve quality of care. Study Objective. This study identifies independent predictors of medical and behavioral/psychiatric ER and hospital utilization for a cohort of individuals with IDD (n=597) residing in supported living arrangements in New York City, the most Medicaid-dense region of NYS. Methods. A retrospective …

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Adoption And Implementation Of Alcohol And Drug Screening, Brief Intervention, And Referral To Treatment (Sbirt) In School-Based Health Centers : Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceptions As Barriers And Facilitators, Brett Harris Jan 2014

Adoption And Implementation Of Alcohol And Drug Screening, Brief Intervention, And Referral To Treatment (Sbirt) In School-Based Health Centers : Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, And Perceptions As Barriers And Facilitators, Brett Harris

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) has been endorsed by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an evidence-based strategy to address risky substance use among adolescents in primary care settings. However, less than half of pediatricians even screen adolescents for substance use.

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Predictors Of Attrition Among Participants In A Worksite Wellness Program, Yvonne A. Johnston Jan 2014

Predictors Of Attrition Among Participants In A Worksite Wellness Program, Yvonne A. Johnston

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Objectives: The purpose of this secondary data analysis was to examine "stage of change" as a predictor of attrition among participants in a worksite wellness program. A Conceptual Model of Attrition was developed to examine health screening, health risk appraisal (HRA), and demographic predictors of attrition as well.

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Influenza Hospitalizations In New York State 2007-2013 : Impact Of Vaccine And Antiviral Treatment Effectiveness In Reducing Severity Of Illness, Mary Dundas Jan 2014

Influenza Hospitalizations In New York State 2007-2013 : Impact Of Vaccine And Antiviral Treatment Effectiveness In Reducing Severity Of Illness, Mary Dundas

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Underlying medical conditions are known risk factors for increased severity of infectious diseases, including influenza. Although most studies on disease severity, underlying medical conditions, and prevention/treatment effectiveness occurred during the pandemic 2009-2010 season, data is also available for seasons when influenza virus B and influenza virus A subtypes pH1N1, seasonal H1N1, and H3N2 were circulating.

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Disparities Among Hispanic Ethnicity And Stage At Diagnosis For Invasive Breast And Colorectal Cancer, Raquel Velazquez Jan 2014

Disparities Among Hispanic Ethnicity And Stage At Diagnosis For Invasive Breast And Colorectal Cancer, Raquel Velazquez

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Objective: To assess the relationship between ethnicity and stage at diagnosis among invasive cases of breast and colorectal cancer.

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Corticosteroid Use, Emotional Health And Work/Regular Daily Activities : Ethnic Differences In Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Dorcey Lanier Applyrs Jan 2014

Corticosteroid Use, Emotional Health And Work/Regular Daily Activities : Ethnic Differences In Women With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Dorcey Lanier Applyrs

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus has profound effects on women, families and society causing a loss of self-esteem, a loss in earning potential and higher health care costs. SLE affects women during their most productive years of life, causing women to further experience particularly poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as well as financial hardship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations among corticosteroid use, emotional and physical health, and work and regular daily activities in a racially-and ethnically-diverse sample of women with SLE and controls using data from the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) Lupus Database. This …

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An Evaluation Of Factors Leading To The Risk And Detection Of Thyroid Cancer, Thomas James O'Grady Jan 2014

An Evaluation Of Factors Leading To The Risk And Detection Of Thyroid Cancer, Thomas James O'Grady

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract:

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Paternal Occupational Pesticide Exposure And Neural Tube Defects In The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, Stacy Marie Pettigrew Jan 2014

Paternal Occupational Pesticide Exposure And Neural Tube Defects In The National Birth Defects Prevention Study, Stacy Marie Pettigrew

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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Molecular Actions Of The Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521 In Models Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Namita Chatterjee Jan 2014

Molecular Actions Of The Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521 In Models Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Namita Chatterjee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and particularly lethal form of breast cancer. Despite aggressive therapeutic approaches, the 5-year survival rate is only 34%. As this disease is severely understudied, we have investigated the therapeutic potential of the novel hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), CG-1521 in comparison to a structurally similar compound, Trichostatin A (TSA) in two IBC cell lines: SUM149PT and SUM190PT. In these cells, CG-1521 and TSA induce dose- and time-dependent induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis regardless of the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2). Interestingly, the cell lines have considerably different sensitivities to these treatments …

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Sex Work And Daily Alcohol Use May Increase Hiv Risks Of Women Who Inject Drugs In Ukraine, Tetyana Vasylyeva Jan 2014

Sex Work And Daily Alcohol Use May Increase Hiv Risks Of Women Who Inject Drugs In Ukraine, Tetyana Vasylyeva

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Between 10 - 50% of female PWID in former USSR countries, where HIV epidemics are driven by injecting drug use, are reported to exchange sex for money, drugs or goods. Research in the region shows contradictory data on the association between exchange sex and HIV for PWID, and suggests that this association might be influenced by other factors. Since female PWID who exchange sex might be a bridge population between PWID and other people, it is important to monitor their risks and suggest timely interventions.

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Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York, Tarak Shrestha Jan 2014

Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York, Tarak Shrestha

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Introduction: Within the past five decades, there has been a rapid increase in the number of diabetic cases in the US. The number of diabetic cases increased from 1.5 million in 1959 to 25.8 million in 2011. Around the same time period, the average sleep duration per night decreased from 8 hours to 6.9 hours.

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Psychological Features Of Abstinent Heroin Users And Predictors Of Their Improvement During Rehabilitation In Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Timofey Galankin Jan 2014

Psychological Features Of Abstinent Heroin Users And Predictors Of Their Improvement During Rehabilitation In Saint-Petersburg, Russia, Timofey Galankin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Objective: Find predictors of adherence to post-detoxification rehabilitation programs in opiate intravenous drug users (IDUs) in Russia. Assess whether longer-term rehabilitation programs improve participants' psychological profiles more than shorter-term ones.

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Contributions Of Personality, Acculturation/Enculturation And Perceived Racial Discrimination To Social Anxiety Among Chinese Immigrants : A Context-Specific Assessment, Ke Fang Jan 2014

Contributions Of Personality, Acculturation/Enculturation And Perceived Racial Discrimination To Social Anxiety Among Chinese Immigrants : A Context-Specific Assessment, Ke Fang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Previous studies have documented that Asian immigrants tend to report higher levels of social anxiety than do their White American counterparts. However, little is known about the sources and predictors of social anxiety under the context of cultural change.

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A Study To Detect The Presence Of Racial/Ethnic Pay Disparities Among Registered Nurses (Rns) In U.S. Hospitals, Jean M. Moore Jan 2014

A Study To Detect The Presence Of Racial/Ethnic Pay Disparities Among Registered Nurses (Rns) In U.S. Hospitals, Jean M. Moore

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

For this research study, a regression decomposition of hospital RN salaries was conducted to detect the presence of racial/ethnic pay disparities for hospital RNs working in the most populous metropolitan statistical areas in the United States. Regression

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Medication Use And Patients Co-Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus And Hepatitis C Virus : Quantifying The Prevalence And Identifying The Predictors Of Clinically Significant Drug-Drug Interactions Associated With Therapy Containing First Generation Non-Structural 3a Serine Protease Inhibitors, Nimish Patel Jan 2014

Medication Use And Patients Co-Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus And Hepatitis C Virus : Quantifying The Prevalence And Identifying The Predictors Of Clinically Significant Drug-Drug Interactions Associated With Therapy Containing First Generation Non-Structural 3a Serine Protease Inhibitors, Nimish Patel

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation enhances our understanding of clinically significant drug-drug interactions (CSDDIs) and contraindicated drug interactions among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection before and after the addition of HCV therapy including first generation non-structural (NS) 3A serine protease inhibitors. This is important to understand because the clinical sequelae of untreated chronic HCV infection are devastating yet drug-drug interactions greatly complicate treatment for these patients. The HIV/HCV coinfected population is a population that is particularly vulnerable because they are using a high volume of medications. Specifically, the standard of care for patients with HIV infection …

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Mental Health Service Utilization Among People With Mental Illness : An Examination Of Predictors And The Influence Of Substance Abuse And Hiv, Man-Chun Chang Jan 2014

Mental Health Service Utilization Among People With Mental Illness : An Examination Of Predictors And The Influence Of Substance Abuse And Hiv, Man-Chun Chang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Many people who could benefit from mental health services do not receive them. The objective of this study is to use nationally representative data to systematically investigate correlates of types of mental health treatments and examine the interaction effects between self-perceived treatment need and demographic characteristics.

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Atrazine In Maternal Drinking Water Supply Below The Federal Maximum Contaminant Level And Risk Of Preterm Birth, Small For Gestational Age, Cryptorchidism And Hypospadias, Daniel Rice Jan 2014

Atrazine In Maternal Drinking Water Supply Below The Federal Maximum Contaminant Level And Risk Of Preterm Birth, Small For Gestational Age, Cryptorchidism And Hypospadias, Daniel Rice

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The prevalence of preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and hypospadias has been increasing for several decades in the U.S resulting in significant morbidity and mortality and direct costs to society. Drinking water provides a mechanism for prolonged chronic exposure to environmental contaminants but is one of the least assessed environmental exposures in pregnancy and birth outcomes. To test the hypothesis that maternal exposure to atrazine through drinking water during pregnancy, or one or more trimesters of gestation, is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age, cryptorchidism and hypospadias a retrospective cohort study was …

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Early Health And Human Capital Accumulation : An Econometric Analysis Using The Psid-Cds, 1997-2007, Dohyung Kim Jan 2014

Early Health And Human Capital Accumulation : An Econometric Analysis Using The Psid-Cds, 1997-2007, Dohyung Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The first chapter estimates the effect of fetal growth on academic achievement in childhood using a nested error-component two-stage least squares (NEC2SLS) estimator that draws on internal instruments from alternative dimensions of the multi-level panel data structure of the panel data set. This estimation method increases efficiency by exploiting information on children with no siblings in the sample as well as identifies coefficients for the time-invariant, mother-specific regressors, all of which are not feasible with conventional mother-fixed effects estimation. We estimate modest but statistically significant effects of birth weight and fetal growth rate on math and reading scores, with the …

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Novel Partner Notification Approaches In New York State, And Antibiotic Resistance In The Management Of Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections, Christopher Frank Davis Jan 2014

Novel Partner Notification Approaches In New York State, And Antibiotic Resistance In The Management Of Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections, Christopher Frank Davis

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Chlamydia trachomatis (chlamydia) is the most frequently reported notifiable disease in the United States. This dissertation provides an evaluation of chlamydia treatment and control through three different lenses: 1) patient views on a novel strategy to facilitate treatment, 2) student perceptions about materials to promote treatment of sexual partners, and 3) evidence regarding recurrent infection etiology.

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Maternal Characteristics And Factors Associated With Hepatitis C (Hcv) Infection Among Hiv-Positive Pregnant Women In Ukraine, 2010-2011, Liudmyla Slobodianyk Jan 2014

Maternal Characteristics And Factors Associated With Hepatitis C (Hcv) Infection Among Hiv-Positive Pregnant Women In Ukraine, 2010-2011, Liudmyla Slobodianyk

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Objective: Determine the association between risk factors for Hepatitis C and hepatitis C (HCV) infection among HIV-positive pregnant women in Ukraine.

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Social Support And Risky Sexual Behavior Among Male Migrant Market Workers From Central Asia In Almaty, Kazakhstan, Gaukhar Mergenova Jan 2014

Social Support And Risky Sexual Behavior Among Male Migrant Market Workers From Central Asia In Almaty, Kazakhstan, Gaukhar Mergenova

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Many studies have shown that risky sexual behavior leads to increased rates of HIV infection among labor migrants. However, little is known about the role of social support in risky sexual behavior among labor migrants in Kazakhstan. This study explores the potential association between social support and risky sexual behaviors among male migrant market vendors in Almaty, Kazakhstan.

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