Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Firesetting Behavior And Associated Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders, Stephanie Stockburger, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Firesetting behavior results in serious damage to lives and property every year. Firesetting has been linked to a number of comorbid psychiatric disorders including depression, substance abuse, conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, psychotic disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizophrenia. Psychiatric disorders differ by gender. In addition, juvenile firesetters have history of a separate set of psychiatric comorbidities. The strong correlation between psychiatric comorbidities and firesetting behavior illustrates the need for fire service and mental health collaboration.

Firesetting And Maltreatment: A Review, Amy L. Burnett, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The objective of this review is to determine if a link exists between firesetting offenders and a past history of maltreatment. A literature review was performed using research from various studies and populations. Firesetting is a significant problem that affects the world’s youth today. Even though there is substantial loss of property and life from juvenile firesetters, there is not a great deal of research to provide insight into early identification of those at risk. In the literature review performed, 6 of 7 studies found a link with maltreatment and firesetting behaviors. There does seem to be a correlation between …

Long-Term Consequences Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Lesley Davidson, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The aim of this paper is to summarize the limited studies on post-pubertal consequences of female childhood sexual abuse that includes both psychological distress and physiological stress. The characteristics of sexual abuse are discussed and determined to play a major role in the degree of trauma experienced and in the later effects. The concept of hormones and how disruptions in various endocrine systems can affect the development of these females are examined, especially during the pubertal period. Outcomes of interest included competence, in terms of cognitive, social, self-esteem, and locus of control, and psychopathology including depression, anxiety, dissociation, and hypersexuality. …

Do Not Play With Fire, Joav Merrick, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light and various reaction products. Fire is intriguing and therefore something that will attract a curious child from an early age. In 2010, the United States fire department responded to 44,900 fires started by someone, usually a child, playing with fire. These fires caused 90 civilian deaths, 890 civilian injuries and $210 million in direct property damage. Preschoolers and kindergartners are most likely to start these fires, while playing with matches or lighters and most likely to die in these fires. Most fire-play …

Effect Of Two Different Attachments On The Supporting Structures And Masticatory Capacity Of Implant Retained Mandibular Overdenture, Fardos N. Rizk

Dentistry

Aim: This study was conducted to compare the effect of ball and socket attachment and GPS attachment in implant retained mandibular overdenture cases regarding changes in: crestal bone height and density surrounding implants, electromyographic activity of temporalis and masseter muscles and occlusal biting force. Materials and Methods: Following two stage surgical protocol twelve completely edentulous patients received two implants placed bilaterally in the canine region (24 implants) to retain mandibular overdenture. Four months following the surgery patients were randomly divided into two equal groups; Group-I received ball and socket attachment while Group-II received GPS attachment upon which mandibular overdentures were …

Analysis Of Electronic Teaching And Reflective Learning For Dental Hygiene Education, Cassandra Huffman

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The problem of this study was to examine if electronic course delivery used reflective learning strategies in educating dental hygiene students.

Loma Linda University Dentistry - Volume 25, Number 1, Loma Linda University School Of Dentistry, Jaime Lozada, Joseph Kan, Antoanela Garbacea

Articulator (Dentistry)

Content:

8 | Ronald Secor Departs
9 | Introducing Euni Cho
12 | New Positions: Jessica Kim & Bonnie Retamozo
14 | Natural Crowns as Provisional Restorations
19 | A Generation of Implant Dentistry
24 | Nick Caplanis Elected President, American Academy of Implant Dentistry
36 | LLUSD at ADA in New Orleans

Understanding Atp-Mediated Vasodilatation In Humans, Anne R. Crecelius, Frank A. Dinenno

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Negative results, cynicism, the piecing together of puzzles and integrating physiology with experimental approaches are all part of the inspiring and meandering journey on the path to understand ATP-mediated vasodilatation. While it is satisfying to be "right" as scientists, we know sometimes the most important progress occurs when data are surprising or contrary to our original hypothesis. The pursuit of explanations for unexpected findings often leads to the best advancements. The story of how our laboratory came to investigate the underlying vasodilatator pathways of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an example of such a path to our current understanding.

Mechanism Underlying Ikk Activation Mediated By The Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex (Lubac), Hiroaki Fujita, Simin Rahighi, Mariko Akita, Ryuichi Kato, Yoshiteru Sasaki, Soichi Wakatsuki, Kazuhiro Iwai

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) ligase, consisting of HOIL-1L, HOIP, and SHARPIN, specifically generates linear polyubiquitin chains. LUBAC-mediated linear polyubiquitination has been implicated in NF-κB activation. NEMO, a component of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex, is a substrate of LUBAC, but the precise molecular mechanism underlying linear chain-mediated NF-κB activation has not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that linearly polyubiquitinated NEMO activates IKK more potently than unanchored linear chains. In mutational analyses based on the crystal structure of the complex between the HOIP NZF1 and NEMO CC2-LZ domains, which are involved in the HOIP-NEMO interaction, NEMO mutations …

Premedical Programs Newsletter, April 2014, University Of Dayton

Pre-Health Resource Center Campus Communications

Newsletter for students, staff, and faculty in the premedical and predental programs.

Perceptions Of Assessment Among Undergraduate And Postgraduate Students Of Four Health Science Disciplines, Wayne J. Wilson, Anne Bennison, Wendy Arnott, Clair Hughes, Rosemary Isles, Jenny Strong

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

The use of different types of assessment to improve student learning needs to be balanced with reports that student perception, rather than the objective features of the task, significantly influences how students approach learning. The present study surveyed 492 undergraduate and postgraduate students from four health science disciplines (occupational therapy, physiotherapy, speech pathology, and audiology) at a large Australian university on how helpful different types of assessment had been in assisting their learning. Between 73.4% and 90.4% of the students valued practical exams, individual tasks, written assignments, and written exams requiring application of knowledge. Between 29.1% and 59.7% of the …

Gdnf Content And Nmj Plasticity In Slow And Fast Twitch Myofibers Follows Recruitment In Exercise, Amy Morrison Gyorkos

Dissertations

Glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) supports and maintains the neuromuscular system during development and through adulthood by promoting neuroplasticity. GDNF may play a role in delaying the onset of aging and help compress morbidity by preventing motor unit degeneration. Exercise has been shown to alter GDNF expression differently in slow and fast twitch myofibers. The aim of this dissertation project is to determine if different intensities of exercise can promote changes in GDNF expression and neuromuscular junction (NMJ) morphology in slow and fast twitch muscle fibers. Skeletal muscle fibers were analyzed from adult Sprague Dawley rats aged 4 weeks …

Exploration And Confirmation Of The Latent Variable Structure Of The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy., Mohammadreza Hojat, Marianna Lanoue

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To reaffirm the underlying components of the JSE by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and to confirm its latent variable structure by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

METHODS: Research participants included 2,612 medical students who entered Jefferson Medical College between 2002 and 2012. This sample was divided into two groups: Matriculants between 2002 and 2007 (n=1,380) and be-tween 2008 and 2012 (n=1,232). Data for 2002-2007 matriculants were subjected to EFA (principal component factor extraction), and data for matriculants of 2008-2012 were used for CFA (structural equation modeling, and root mean square error for approximation.

RESULTS: The EFA resulted in …

Wandering Acute Myocardial Infarction., Kamal R. Joshi, D Lynn Morris, Vincent M. Figueredo, M.D.

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Incorrect electrode placement or cable connection during electrocardiographic (ECG) recording can significantly alter the ECG morphology. We report a case of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction causing a diagnostic dilemma due to cable interchange.

Practice Of Written Feedback In Nursing Degree Programmes In Karachi: The Students' Perspective, Amina Aijaz Khowaja, Raisa B. Gul, Arusa Lakhani, Nusrat Fatima Rizvi, Faiza Saleem

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Objective: To identify students' perceptions about the practices of provision and utilization of written feedback in the nursing degree programmes in Karachi.

Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.

Place and Duration of Study: Nine Nursing Institutions in Karachi, Pakistan were selected for the study, from February to October 2011.

Methodology: The sample consisted of 379 second year nursing students from nine institutions in Karachi. The data was collected through a modified Assessment Experience Questionnaire (AEQ) developed by Gibbs and Simpson. The data obtained through AEQ was analyzed in the SPPS.

Results: Students reported wide variations in the practices related to written …

Sex-Dependent Electrophysiological Responses Of Lucilia Sericata To Concentration Gradient Of Indole, Erin T. Filbrandt

Honors Theses

I investigated the responses to specific concentrations of indole in the adult stage of Lucilia sericata, the common green bottle fly. Indole is a commonly used attractant at concentrations between 0 and .04% that has a floral scent at low concentrations and a fecal odor at high concentrations (Cragg, 1950). There were three treatment cages: one all male, one all female, and one mixed male and female. The purpose of these conditions was to observe the difference between sensory responses of males, non-mated females, and mated females. All cages were placed in an incubator to maintain uniform temperatures and …

The Acute Effects Of Aerobic And Resistance Exercise On Cardiovascular Function And Arterial Stiffness, Hayleigh Elizabeth Raiff

Honors Theses

The cardiovascular system changes acutely to the stresses of exercise to support the increased metabolic demand of the working tissues. This is accomplished through the augmentation of several parameters including heart rate, blood pressure, and vascular tone such as arterial stiffness. Exercise training has been shown to elicit changes in arterial stiffness but the acute effects of exercise on arterial stiffness have not been thoroughly studied. The current study examined the acute effects of no (control), aerobic (30 minutes of cycling at ~70% maximum heart rate), and resistance exercise (30 minutes, 3 sets of 10 repetitions for 6 exercises) on …

Bisphenol A Increases Atherosclerosis In Pregnane X Receptor-Humanized Apoe Deficient Mice, Yipeng Sui, Se-Hyung Park, Robert N. Helsley, Manjula Sunkara, Frank J. Gonzalez, Andrew J. Morris, Changcheng Zhou

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a base chemical used extensively in many consumer products. BPA has recently been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in multiple large-scale human population studies, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We previously reported that BPA activates the pregnane X receptor (PXR), which acts as a xenobiotic sensor to regulate xenobiotic metabolism and has pro-atherogenic effects in animal models upon activation. Interestingly, BPA is a potent agonist of human PXR but does not activate mouse or rat PXR signaling, which confounds the use of rodent models to evaluate mechanisms of BPA-mediated CVD risk. …

Growing South Dakota (Spring 2014), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the SDSU Extension 2013 Annual Report.

[Page] 2 The New SDSU Extension: Two Years Later, Change Has Brought New Successes
[Page] 4 Your 24-7 Connection: iGrow.org Makes SDSU Extension Easily Accessible, Responsive
[Page] 5 SDSU Regional Extension Centers: Your Front Door To SDSU
[Pages] 6-7 Leading The Challenge: Projects To Address Food Security, Financial Knowledge Underway
[Pages] 8-9 Regional Collaboration: SET Grants & Food Networks Initiated
[Pages] 10-11 Encouraging & Empowering: Native American Program Assists Reservations In Striving For Healthy Food, Healthy Communities & Youth Science Programming
[Page] 12 Evaluating Yields: Crop Performance Testing Provides Important, Unbiased …

Health-Related Quality Of Life In Physically Active Individuals With A History Of Injury, Megan N. Houston

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

Individuals around the globe engage in physical activity for personal interest or general health and fitness. Although participation in regular physical activity is important for general health it also brings with it the risk of injury. Ankle sprains, anterior cruciate ligament tears, and concussions are just a few of the injuries sustained by physically active individuals with long-term implications. With the number of physically active individuals on the rise, sports-related injuries are of growing concern.

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a personal evaluation of everyday functioning and well-being. A variety of injuries and health conditions associated with physical activity …

Assessing The Impact Of Electronic Health Record Systems Implementation On Hospital Patient Perceptions Of Care, Katherine Sofia Palacio Salgar

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The delivery of health care services has been impacted by advances in Knowledge Management Information Systems (KMIS) and Information Technology (IT). The literature reveals that Electronic Health Records Systems (EHRs) are a comprehensive KMIS. There is a wide recognition in the body of knowledge that demonstrates the potential of EHRs to transform all aspects of health care services and, in consequence, the performance of Health Care Delivery Organizations (HCDO). Authors of published research also agree that there is a need for more empirical contributions that demonstrate the impact of EHRs upon HCDO. It is argued that in most cases, studies …

A Metaevaluation Of Evaluations Of Health Care Programs That Employ The Chronic Care Model, Jan Fields

Dissertations

Background: The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the use of metaevaluation to evaluate the quality of healthcare studies conducted on programs that employ the Chronic Care Model (CCM) to provide chronic illness care. In this study, healthcare studies of CCM programs are regarded as program evaluations. Method: Using a non-experimental cross-sectional design, 28 healthcare studies of CCM programs were evaluated using the accuracy standards portion of the Program Evaluations Metaevaluation Checklist (Stufflebeam, 2011). The results of the metaevaluations were analyzed and compared to the HEAL grade of the same healthcare studies as determined by the Hierarchy of Evidence …

Impulsive Choice In Unmedicated And Medicated Children Diagnosed With Adhd: Examining The Variables Of Reward Type And Adhd Subtype, Nicole Henriksen

Dissertations

Developmentally inappropriate and impairing impulsive behaviors are often seen in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). One method for objectively assessing impulsivity is the Choice-Delay Task (C-DT) which presents repeated opportunities to choose between a smaller, sooner (SS) or larger, later (LL) reward. A preference for the SS reward that results in less total reward is considered impulsive. Many studies have found that participants diagnosed with ADHD choose the SS reward more than typical controls. However, less is known about the effects of different types of rewards, or the comparative performance of certain subgroups, such as children diagnosed with ADHD Predominantly Inattentive Type …

The Intersection Of Depression, Partner Violence And Poverty During The Perinatal Period, Catherine L. Kothari

Dissertations

Problem: Despite the wealth of research documenting the individual links between maternal depression, partner violence, and poverty, important gaps remain regarding their combined interactions, and their variation related to perinatal timing (pregnancy and postpartum). The current dissertation examined the interplay of these phenomena across perinatality.

Methods: This dissertation utilized secondary analysis of telephone survey data from a representative sample of women recruited during their postpartum hospital stay and interviewed four times over the subsequent 18 months. Linear regression was used for predictive modeling of fixed effects, and generalized estimating equation regression was used for multivariate analysis of temporal trends.

Findings: …

Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Orthopaedic Fracture Fixation, Bipinchandra Patel

Dissertations

Poor bone fracture fixation leads to malunion, delayed union, non-union, or infection. These malunited fractures affect a bone’s ability to carry loads. Patient outcomes regarding fixation quality can be affected by the healing environment and human factors such as bone quality and surgeons’ perception. Furthermore, the stiffness and strength of the screw-plate construct affect the healing environment. Therefore, this dissertation investigates the stiffness and strength of the non-locking (conventional) and locking (fixed angle) type screw-plate constructs and the factors that contribute to them, such as screw-plate interface, screw design, bone density, cortical bone thickness and load orientation. Additionally, the surgeon’s …

Withholding Or Termination Of Resuscitation In Pediatric Out-Of-Hospital Traumatic Cardiopulmonary Arrest., American College Of Surgeons Committee On Trauma, American College Of Emergency Physicians Pediatric Emergency Medicine Committee, National Association Of Ems Physicians, American Academy Of Pediatrics Committee On Pediatric Emergency Medicine,, Mary E. Fallat, Gregory P. Conners

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

This multiorganizational literature review was undertaken to provide an evidence base for determining whether recommendations for out-of-hospital termination of resuscitation could be made for children who are victims of traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest. Although there is increasing acceptance of out-of-hospital termination of resuscitation for adult traumatic cardiopulmonary arrest when there is no expectation of a good outcome, children are routinely excluded from state termination-of-resuscitation protocols. The decision to withhold resuscitative efforts in a child under specific circumstances (decapitation or dependent lividity, rigor mortis, etc) is reasonable. If there is any doubt as to the circumstances or timing of the traumatic cardiopulmonary …

The Effects Of Dentin Adhesives And Liner Materials On The Microleakage Of Class Ii Resin Composite Restorations In Primary And Permanent Teeth, H. Cem Güngör, E. Canoğlu, Z. C. Çehreli

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To compare the occlusal and gingival microleakage of Class-II composite restorations utilizing etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives and different liner materials in primary and permanent teeth.

Study design

Standardized class-II cavities were prepared in freshly-extracted sound primary and permanent molars (n = 80/each), with all cavosurface margins involving enamel. The main experimental groups were; A. Single Bond 2/primary teeth; B. Adper SE Plus/primary teeth; C. Single Bond 2/permanent teeth; and D. Adper SE Plus/permanent teeth. Each group comprised 4 subgroups (n = 10/each) with respect to the liner material employed (n = 10/subgroup): 1. Fuji VII; 2. Fuji Triage; 3. …

Factors Associated With The Emotional Distress Of Women Family Members Of Adults With Serious Mental Illness, Jaclene Zauszniewski, Abir K. Bekhet

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Women family members of adults with serious mental illness are at great risk for emotional distress. This study examined associations between characteristics of 60 women (age, race, and education), their relatives with mental illness (age, diagnosis, and years since diagnosis), and the family situation (relationship, living arrangements, and care provided) and symptoms of emotional distress. Depressive symptoms were greater among those with younger, non-sibling relatives. Anxiety was greater among Caucasians and those with a recently diagnosed family member, particularly bipolar disorder. Anger was associated with providing direct care. The findings are informative for tailoring interventions to minimize emotional distress in …

Intensity Of Exercise And Endothelial Function In Healthy Adults, Jacquelyn R. Moxey

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of acute bouts of isocaloric exercise at different intensities on endothelial function. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) responses after the different acute exercise bouts were compared to a control (no exercise) condition. METHODS: Nine healthy subjects completed the study (6 males, 3 females, X ± SD = 24 ± 5 yr, 1.75 ± 0.11 m, 79.2 ± 12.4 kg, 47.9 ± 6.9 mL•kg^-1•min^-1). Vascular responses were compared under three different conditions- HIT: a bout of high-intensity interval treadmill exercise consisting of ten 1-minute intervals at ~100% VO_2max; MOD: moderate-intensity exercise …

The Relationship Between Speaking Rate And Nasalance In Typical Adult Speakers, Rachel Whitney

Masters Theses

Nasometry is a non-invasive tool frequently used to measure speech resonance in clinical populations. The instrument uses an acoustic recording system to derive a measure termed nasalance, which is an estimate of the relative amount of acoustic energy emitted from the nasal cavity. Nasometry protocols do not provide detailed instructions for speaking rate control during data collection. Studies attempting to establish a relationship between speaking rate and nasalance have yielded mixed results; therefore, it is important to identify the influence of speaking rate on nasalance in a variety of speaking tasks. If rate is found to influence nasalance values, protocols …