Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Calculating Value- Added Services Of The Registered Dietitian, Melissa Faura Rd, Ldn, Ann Flickinger Ms, Rd, Ldn, Kathleen Hanuschak Rd, Ldn, Krysta Miller Rd, Ldn, Renee Selby Rd, Cnsc, Ldn

Clinical Nutrition Service

No abstract provided.

“Additional Analysis Of Previously Collected Data: Food Choices In Children With Autism”, Kristin Crinion

Honors Theses

The objective of this study was to look at children with autism and their food choices based on previously collected data. The previously collected data includes a caregiver survey to determine food acceptance level (e.g. severe, moderate, typical), and a caregiver reported food inventory. The caregiver reported food inventory was used to see what specific foods children with autism are eating and in what food categories (e.g. dairy, fruits, vegetables, protein, and carbohydrate). Per previously literature, it is researched that children with ASD tend to have more food selectivity than typically developing children (Suarez, Nelson, & Curtis, 2012). There is …

An Overview Of Sensory Processing Disorder, Heather Lonkar

Honors Theses

This thesis was done to evaluate the basic overview of the definition, diagnosis, comorbid conditions, symptoms, causes, and treatment, as it pertains to Sensory Processing Disorder. Although the research has been light on this subject, there have been studies done, that show the possible causes, and effectiveness of treatment in children. The purpose was to examine, more closely, the relationship between Sensory Processing Disorder and the outcome of occupational therapy based sensory integration (OT-SI) intervention. Controversy surrounding sensory integration exists, because of lack of fidelity in research. Researchers are currently interested in the fidelity of the treatment, and whether or …

Modélisation Par Simulation Numérique De La Ventilation Des Silos-Tours En Tenant Compte De La Chute, Ali Bahloul, Fernando Villalpando, Mauricio Chavez, Marcelo Reggio, Nicole Goyer

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les silos à fourrage sont des espaces clos où surviennent des accidents graves et mortels. Certains de ces accidents sont liés à une atmosphère déficiente en oxygène (O₂) en raison de la présence de gaz carbonique (CO₂), ou encore à celle de gaz toxiques, dont le dioxyde d’azote (NO2). Ces gaz sont produits lors du processus de fermentation des fourrages.

À la demande de la Commission de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (CSST) et de l’Union des producteurs agricoles (UPA), une étude sur la documentation des gaz toxiques lors de la fermentation du …

Bryant University Research And Engagement Day Program

Bryant REDay (Research and Engagement Day)

No abstract provided.

Culture-Independent Evaluation Of The Appendix And Rectum Microbiomes In Children With And Without Appendicitis, Hope T. Jackson, Emmanuel F. Mongodin, Katherine P. Davenport, Claire M. Fraser, Anthony D. Sandler, Steven L. Zeichner

Surgery Faculty Publications

Purpose

The function of the appendix is largely unknown, but its microbiota likely contributes to function. Alterations in microbiota may contribute to appendicitis, but conventional culture studies have not yielded conclusive information. We conducted a pilot, culture-independent 16S rRNA-based microbiota study of paired appendix and rectal samples.

Methods

We collected appendix and rectal swabs from 21 children undergoing appendectomy, six with normal appendices and fifteen with appendicitis (nine perforated). After DNA extraction, we amplified and sequenced 16S rRNA genes and analyzed sequences using CLoVR. We identified organisms differing in relative abundance using ANOVA (p

Results

We identified 290 taxa in …

Lineage Tracing Of Resident Tendon Progenitor Cells During Growth And Natural Healing, Nathaniel A. Dyment, Yusuke Hagiwara, Brya G. Matthews, Yingcui Li, Ivo Kalajzic, David W. Rowe

Open Access Author Fund Awardees' Articles

Unlike during embryogenesis, the identity of tissue resident progenitor cells that contribute to postnatal tendon growth and natural healing is poorly characterized. Therefore, we utilized 1) an inducible Cre driven by alpha smooth muscle actin (SMACreERT2), that identifies mesenchymal progenitors, 2) a constitutively active Cre driven by growth and differentiation factor 5 (GDF5Cre), a critical regulator of joint condensation, in combination with 3) an Ai9 Cre reporter to permanently label SMA9 and GDF5-9 populations and their progeny. In growing mice, SMA9 cells were found in peritendinous structures and scleraxis-positive (ScxGFP) cells within the tendon midsubstance and myotendinous junction. The progenitors …

To Label Or Not To Label: Points To Consider In Balancing The Risks, Benefits And Costs Of Mandatory Gm Labeling In Africa, Jessica Oh, Obidimma Ezezika

Health Studies Publications

There seems to be growing controversy among interest groups worldwide about whether genetically modified (GM) foods need to be labelled. There are also growing concerns, particularly among civil society groups, about the potential danger of GM foods, for which labels are being demanded. Particularly in Africa, the issue of labelling GM foods requires attention due to the rapid growth of agricultural biotechnology initiatives. Using Kenya as a case study, and based on interviews with key agricultural stakeholders and a review of the literature, we present five points to consider in discussions on how the need for mandatory GM labelling should …

Adverse Health Effects Of Intestinal Parasitic Infections In Rural Peruvian Clinic Patients, Jonathan M. Stofer

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Intestinal Parasitic Infections (IPIs) pose a significant global health concern. IPIs annually contribute to 3.5 billion infections and 450 million illnesses worldwide. In hyperendemic countries, IPIs pose a significant economic and health burden, especially in rural areas. IPIs have many routes of transmission and cause a wide range of symptoms associated largely with poor health, impeded growth, and worsening of secondary infections. Such diseases are widespread in poor communities living in the Peruvian Amazon. This study aims to describe common chief complaints, diagnoses, treatments, as well as behaviors and practices associated with IPIs presenting in clinic patients. As part of …

What Do Nursing Students Know About Quality And Safety? A Pilot Study, Arlene S. N. Johnston, Dr. Katreena Collette Merrill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Quality and patient safety has become a strong focus in the hospitals. However, academic institutions vary in their approach to preparing student nurses in the areas of quality and patient safety. Quality and Safety Education in Nursing (QSEN) was initiated in 2007 with the charge to prepare student nurses with the knowledge, skills and attitudes (KSAs) necessary to improve healthcare quality and patient safety. Six QSEN competencies were developed. These QSEN competencies are patient centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, informatics, and safety. These QSEN competencies are beginning to be implemented across nursing curriculums. Emphasis has been …

Appearance-Related Social Pressure In Thai Adolescent Females, Chelsea Sorensen, Dr. Randy M. Page

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this study is to identify appearance-related social pressure experienced by Thai adolescent females and to analyze how various sources and forms of social pressure relate to self-perceptions of body weight and appearance, body dissatisfaction, and behaviors taken to regulate body weight.

Accuracy Of Blood And Fluid Loss Estimation In The Adult Patient: A Comparison Among Healthcare Team Members, Diana Carter, James E. Kohl

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The ability of registered nurses and healthcare providers to correctly quantify blood and fluid loss is an important factor in providing quality care as it often directs healthcare interventions. Underestimation of blood and fluid loss can lead to delays in treatment and can be detrimental to the patient. Overestimation can lead to needless, wasteful, costly and often times dangerous treatments placing the patient at risk for harm and additional comorbidities. Multiple studies have shown that blood loss is overestimated in small amounts, and underestimated in large amounts. As blood and fluids are lost, the mean arterial pressure may decrease to …

The Prevalence Of Intrapulpal Cracks In 1st And 2nd Mandibular Molars Requiring Non-Surgical Root Canal Treatment, Sean Lawson

Theses and Dissertations

Few studies have reported the incidence or prevalence of cracked teeth with pulpal involvement. No attempts have been made to evaluate the prevalence or clinical predictors for intrapulpal cracks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of intrapulpal cracks in first and second mandibular molars and to determine if clinical findings are predictive for the existence of intrapulpal cracks. First and second mandibular molars (190) requiring non-surgical root canal treatment at the VCU Graduate Endodontic Practice between February 15, 2013 and August 15, 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Teeth were transilluminated, stained, and inspected for intrapulpal cracks using …

Irradiation Of Hs578t Breast Tumor Cells Induces Non-Cytoprotective Autophagy, Aisha Alhaddad

Theses and Dissertations

Cancer is the second most common cause of death in the US. The most frequently observed cancer type in women is breast cancer. A special type of breast cancer is triple negative (TNBC) cancer that is characterized by lacking three receptors: estrogen, progesterone and human epithelial growth factor (HER 2). The HS578t breast cell line is a model of TNBC that also has a mutation of the p53 protein. Ionizing radiation is used widely in the clinic to debulk tumors before surgery as well as post-surgery to eliminate residual tumor cells outside the surgical field. Previous studies from our laboratory …

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Medication, And Risk Of Injury, Michelle Steele, Ray M. Merrill, Phd, Mph

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a known disorder that mainly effects children but can carry on into adulthood. It is characterized by difficulty focusing, sustaining attention, and controlling behaviors. These characterizations can cause a person with ADHD to have a more difficult time accomplishing certain tasks. In a study involving medical claims data over the years 1998 through 2005, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was shown to increase the risk of several types of injury (Merrill). The study found that ADHD was associated with more severe and frequent injuries, but that medication had a protective effect against injury among patients. …

Religiosity, Spirituality, And Family Hardiness In Parents: Raising A Child With A Disability, Brittni Carr, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

According to Cohn, the number of children in the United States with a disability has increased to 5.2 million, making 1 in every 12 children disabled (2002). This number continues to rise with every passing decade, so more research is being done concerning the parenting of these children. While some studies have been done relating to religiosity and coping, there is a falling out in the literature on religiosity’s correlation to family hardiness. These two variables greatly influence the upbringing and development of CWD. Some researchers have assessed that a parent’s faith helps him or her through stressful situations (Dura-Vila, …

The Intersection Of Child Abuse And Parenting Self-Efficacy In A Teen Population: A Systematic Review Of The Literature, Madeline Goodfellow, Dr. Janelle Macintosh

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Over three quarters (79.6%) of rape victims are assaulted before the age of 25 years (Black et al., 2011). In a nationwide survey, 11.8 percent of female high school students report being abused (hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose) by their significant other in the last year (Eaton et al., 2012). It has been suggested that traumatic childhood experiences affect many adjustment processes (Liang, Williams, & Siegel, 2006). Although teen pregnancy rates are the lowest they have been in years, teens that have experienced maltreatment, abuse, or sexual abuse are at a higher risk for becoming pregnant (Noll, Shenk, …

Evaluation Of A Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner (Sane) Program On Sexual Assault Criminal Case Outcomes, Alyssa Lark, Dr. Julie Valentine

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effect of a community-based sexual assault nurse examiner (SANE) program on sexual assault criminal case outcomes in Salt Lake County, Utah. SANEs work with law enforcement and other personnel to collect evidence which is used in prosecution of sexual assault cases. The idea is that SANEs collect more accurate, and therefore usable, evidence which leads to higher prosecution rates.

Nutritional Analysis And Anemia In Ecuador, Michael Brizzee, Sondra Heaston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

According to the World Health Organization, anemia affects over 30% of children in Ecuador and in surrounding countries and has been directly linked to decreased test scores, educational performance, and job proficiency. This study is aimed at finding a nutrition correlation and possible causation of anemia in Ecuadorian children ages 7-15. The research is done in conjunction with an anemia study done through the college of nursing looking at other possible causes of anemia including parasites and deficient vitamin intake. Together, these studies have helped to identify possible causes of anemia which can in turn help agencies find economical and …

The Correlation Between Ratings On Debriefing Sessions And The Amount Of Time The Instructor Spends “Teaching” Versus “Talking” During The Debriefing, Michelle Herring, Dr. Shelly Reed

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Simulation has become and integral part of the nursing students curriculum (Reed, 2012, Neill & Wotton. 2011). Debriefing is an important part of the simulation experience where processing and further learning is achieved (Reed, 2012). Debriefing periods may be limited (Dreifurest & Decker, 2012), thus it is wise to use the available time efficiently and efficaciously. The Debriefing Experience Scale (DES) debriefing tool is a method of evaluating the debriefing period (Reed, 2012). Many instructors are taught how to teach and instruct, but may still be developing their debriefing skills. This project will help the teacher compare his or her …

Diabetes Knowledge In Russian And American Nursing Students, Christie Beck Boswell, Dr. Leslie Miles, Janelle Macintosh

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Little is currently known about the diabetes incidence rate in Russia. Although it is currently reported that approximately eight million people in Russia currently have a diagnosis of diabetes1, other reports suggest that Russia has underreported this number by three to four times2. This exploratory study sought to learn more about Russian nursing students’ perceptions about the incidence and management of diabetes in Russia. We used a focus group style discussion to learn more from the students.

Eliminating Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: Analyzing Current Standards & Prospective Interventions, Maribelle Burris, Dr. Katreena Merrill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Each year, about 98,000 preventable patient deaths occur in a hospital setting (Ramanujam, Abrahamson, & Anderson, 2008). Medical errors leading to patient deaths include, medication errors, patient falls, healthcare-associated infections, urinary tract infections, pressure ulcers, etc. (Teng, Dai, Shyu, Wong, Chu, & Tsai, 2009). These patient deaths are avoidable errors and are a direct measure of the healthcare system and individual healthcare facility’s quality. The burden of healthcare-associated infections is heavy, as 1 in every 20 patients has an infection related to hospital care, resulting in tens of thousands of deaths. Not only is this burdensome to patient families, but …

Fatty Acids Increase Neuronal Hypertrophy Of Pten Knockdown Neurons, Catherine J. Fricano, Tyrone Despenza, Paul W. Frazel, Meijie Li, A. James O'Malley, Gary Westbrook, Bryan Luikart

Dartmouth Scholarship

Phosphatase and tensin homolog (Pten) catalyzes the reverse reaction of PI3K by dephosphorylating PIP3 to PIP2. This negatively regulates downstream Akt/mTOR/S6 signaling resulting in decreased cellular growth and proliferation. Co-injection of a lentivirus knocking Pten down with a control lentivirus allows us to compare the effects of Pten knockdown between individual neurons within the same animal. We find that knockdown of Pten results in neuronal hypertrophy by 21 days post-injection. This neuronal hypertrophy is correlated with increased p-S6 and p-mTOR in individual neurons. We used this system to test whether an environmental factor that has been implicated in cellular hypertrophy …

Art And Aphasia: A Literary Review And Exhibition, Jessica Parrish

Honors Theses

My honors thesis explores aphasia, my primary topic of interest, through procedures spanning both of my degrees. Communication makes interaction possible for exchanging ideas, feelings, concepts, and events. Aphasia, an acquired disorder, impacts language areas that are responsible for expression, comprehension, literacy, and symbolic understanding. Aphasia interrupts the mental process responsible for converting thought to language. Literature involving both traditional speech and art therapy is discussed. Once the aphasia disorder type is assessed, a speech language pathologist designs a therapy plan. Art, which has been used in therapy and research for rehabilitation, shares a connection with language and symbolic thought. …

The Effects Of Obesity On Human Ambulation: A Lower Joint Analysis, Laura Gilbert

Senior Honors Theses

The effects of obesity on the body are complex and numerous especially when combining the effects on an already multi-faceted and multi-systems action such as human ambulation. This study summarizes a wide range of research performed, which investigated the effects of obesity on human ambulation. The effects are broken down into categories including osteoarthritis, replacement surgery, center of mass, stepping cycle, muscular activation, and specifics of the hip, knee and ankle joints as well as foot changes. The overwhelming majority of studies have found obesity to negatively impact ambulation by shifting center of mass (COM), increasing metabolic cost, decreasing cadence …

The Fenzian Unit: Applications To Physical Therapy And Beyond, Jeshua Paul Spadino Mr.

Senior Honors Theses

The field of physical therapy includes many different treatment options in the form of exercises and modalities. The development of a low electrical stimulation signal through the Fenzian unit has provided a new outlook on healing. This device gives information to and receives information from the central nervous system (CNS) through electro-biofeedback and is separated into its own category of modalities. The device can be used to treat a wide range of ailments, all with no adverse effects. This makes it a promising tool in the medical field. It is currently being validated as an authentic medical device through clinical …

Evaluation Of The Prevalence And Clinical Characteristics Of Intrapulpal Cracks Utilizing A Novel Classification System, Matthew Detar

Theses and Dissertations

Few studies have investigated cracks involving the pulp chamber walls or floor. The purpose of this study was to create a classification system for intrapulpal cracks and analyze associated clinical characteristics. Retrospective analysis included 52 teeth confirmed to have an intrapulpal crack. The classification system describes the crack based upon its location within the pulpal walls and floor. Documentation consisted of demographic, subjective and objective examination data. Chi-squared analysis tested associations with the intrapulpal crack classifications. Ninety-two percent of intrapulpal cracks run M-D, 75% involve one pulp chamber wall, and 84% terminate at the floor-wall junction or extend into an …

Role Of Anillin In Regulation Of Epithelial Junctions, Gibran Chadha

Theses and Dissertations

Adherens junctions (AJs) and tight junctions (TJs) are characteristic features of differentiated epithelial cells and are critical for regulation of epithelial barriers and cell polarity. Integrity and remodeling of epithelial junctions depend on their interactions with underlying actomyosin cytoskeleton. Anillin is a multifunctional scaffold able to interact with different cytoskeletal proteins including F-actin and Myosin II. This project aimed to investigate roles of anillin in regulating epithelial AJs and TJs. Using A549 human lung epithelial and DU145 human prostate epithelial cells, we demonstrated the anillin depletion-induced loss of AJs and TJs. This was accompanied by disorganization of perijunctional actomyosin belt …

Federal Disaster Declarations And Denials: Analyzing Spatial Equity In The Implementation Of The Stafford Act, Richard Salkowe

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Federal disaster declarations are authorized by the president under the provisions of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act of 1988. Prior studies have found varying levels of political influence associated with the declaration process. Factors including electoral votes, reelection years, congressional committee appointments, geographic location, and party favoritism have been implicated in claims of inequity associated with the distribution of federal disaster assistance. Compounding these concerns is evidence of recurring problems associated with disparities in the long-term recovery from disasters based on social and economic factors. This dissertation is a response to the call for further …

After A Social Security Setback, Hdsa Steps Up Advocacy On Huntington's Disability Criteria, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.