Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Structural Features Of The Pseudomonas Fluorescens Biofilm Adhesin Lapa Required For Lapg-Dependent Cleavage, Biofilm Formation, And Cell Surface Localization, Chelsea D. Boyd, T. Jarrod Smith, Sofiane El-Kirat-Chatel, Peter D. Newell, Yves F. Dufrêne, George A. O'Toole

Dartmouth Scholarship

The localization of the LapA protein to the cell surface is a key step required by Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf0-1 to irreversibly attach to a surface and form a biofilm. LapA is a member of a diverse family of predicted bacterial adhesins, and although lacking a high degree of sequence similarity, family members do share common predicted domains. Here, using mutational analysis, we determine the significance of each domain feature of LapA in relation to its export and localization to the cell surface and function in biofilm formation. Our previous work showed that the N terminus of LapA is required for …

Synthetic Triterpenoid Induces 15-Pgdh Expression And Suppresses Inflammation-Driven Colon Carcinogenesis, Sung Hee Choi, Byung-Gyu Kim, Janet Robinson, Steve Fink, Min Yan, Michael B. Sporn, Sanford D. Markowitz, John J. Letterio

Dartmouth Scholarship

Colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) develops as a result of inflammation-induced epithelial transformation, which occurs in response to inflammatory cytokine-dependent downregulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) and subsequent suppression of prostaglandin metabolism. Agents that both enhance 15-PGDH expression and suppress cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) production may more effectively prevent CAC. Synthetic triterpenoids are a class of small molecules that suppress COX-2 as well as inflammatory cytokine signaling. Here, we found that administration of the synthetic triterpenoid 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-C28-methyl ester (CDDO-Me) suppresses CAC in mice. In a spontaneous, inflammation-driven intestinal neoplasia model, deletion of Smad4 specifically in T cells led to progressive production of inflammatory cytokines, …

Today - May 16, 2014, Loma Linda University Health

TODAY

Inside this issue:

-- LLUH delegration celebrates 20th anniversary of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital in Hangzhou
-- Eight Loma Linda University graduations planned for May and June
-- Order Sons of Italy lodges donate toward pediatric research at LLUH
-- New research affirms proverb, 'A merry heart doeth good like a medicine'
-- 'Grow Together' with Loma Linda University Health
-- Foot and ankle specialist joins orthopedic surgery department
-- Free Wellness Wednesday Webinars bring together experts and students in virtual classroom
-- Campus buzz: LLU hosts Neurosciences Brain Bee
-- Balance is the key to 'Living It'
-- …

Hepatitis E Seroprevalence Study In Canis Lupis Familiaris And Associations To Human Owners, Smith County, Texas, Andrea Grzybowski

Health and Kinesiology Theses

Sporadic, acute Hepatitis E is emerging more frequently in humans in the developed world, including Texas, and may be more abundant than we realize. One US human seroprevalence survey found HEV IgG rates of 21%. Many theorize a zoonotic nature of transmission; antibodies have been detected in a wide range of mammals. A recent study found 40% HEV prevalence in laboratory rabbits. Currently the USDA and CDC place suspicion on feral pigs. But studies in Asia have found HEV in up to 23% of domestic canines so what about man's best friend as a vector of transmission? A seroprevalence study …

Emergencies: Risk And Personal Preparedness Measures, Charleen C. Mcneill

Nursing Theses and Dissertations

Personal emergency preparedness efforts that increase the resiliency of individuals and communities and decrease the risk for poor outcomes after an emergency are increasingly of interest to health care leaders, policy makers, and governmental entities. The limited capacity for external aid to provide relief in the first 72 hours after an emergency dictates that individuals and communities become prepared to sustain themselves for this initial period. Failure to prepare for an emergency can result in a multitude of negative outcomes. Those who are economically vulnerable are particularly at risk, including a high risk for negative health outcomes. An initial review …

The Effects Of Statis Stretching On Measures Of Gross Motor Coordination During Vigorous Physical Activity, Stephanie Gaiko

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Static stretching has been linked to lesser performance in many sport activities. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of static stretching upon gross motor coordination patterns (GMCP) and power and fatigue markers exhibited during vigorous cycling. The performance of 28 females between the ages of eighteen and thirty were analyzed during the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT). Using a counterbalanced design, participants completed the test under two conditions, following static stretching and no stretching. While results showed statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between conditions for the assessed dependent variables, no statistically significant differences were found between …

Critical Analysis Of The Kenyan Healthcare System And Models For Improvement, Justin Wellum

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Global epidemics such as malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS plague developing countries in Africa. International aid has been given to these countries from public and private organizations in an effort to eradicate these health crises. My research focuses on Kenya as a model for assessing the current state of health care in these developing countries. The effectiveness of Kenya’s health care system was investigated at every level, including central, provincial, district, and rural, by visiting the country and performing specific research. Based on my research, I propose a model that I believe Kenya or any African developing country could adopt to …

The Use Of Mobile Technology In The Treatment Of Prosodic Deficits In Autism Spectrum Disorders, Elizabeth Schoen Simmons, Rhea Paul, Frederick Shic

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility and preliminary utility of an application, SpeechPrompts, for iOS devices in the treatment of prosodic disorders in school-age children with ASD.

Theta And Learning: Dorsal And Ventral Hippocampal Theta Oscillation Respond Differently To Learning, Gregory N. Newman

Honors Scholar Theses

Rhythmic oscillations within the hippocampus are thought to synchronize various subregions during learning, maximizing efficiency of the neural circuits. In rats, the most prominent oscillation is hippocampal theta. Theta is known to be modulated by an animal’s velocity, but it has also been shown to change in response to cognitive demands. To determine if theta is important for learning and memory, EEG recordings were examined for changes in theta related to the decision point of a spatial or non-spatial T-maze task. Additionally, a straight runway served as a control to verify the consistent relationship between velocity and theta during a …

Design, Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Compounds With Cns-Activity Targeting Cannabinoid And Biogenic Amine Receptors, Alexander M. Sherwood

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

This work seeks to contribute to the discipline of neuropharmacology by way of structure activity relationship from the standpoint of an organic chemist. More specifically, we sought to develop robust synthetic methodology able to efficiently produce an array of compounds for the purpose of systematic evaluation of their interaction with specific sights within the central nervous system (CNS) in order to better understand the mind and to develop drugs that may have beneficial effects on neurological function.

The focus of these studies has been toward the development of novel molecules, using a structure-activity relationship approach, that exhibit binding affinity at …

Desire And Fantasy: The Conditions Of Reality Between The Self And The Other, Raleigh M. Gardiner

Graduate School of Art Theses

The human condition is constituted by the fluctuating operations of desire and fantasy, which emerge in response to one's fundamental differentiation between 'Self' and 'Other.' As infants, we exist in an expansive realm of sensational “sameness” with the world around us; but as we develop, we quickly learn to differentiate between our internal and external worlds, and are forced to divide and organize our once primordial experience of unity on the basis of isolated exclusion of difference. As we slip into the structures of our social and cultural reality, we absorb language, and are taught to construct our own identities …

Support From Unaffected Relatives Makes Big Difference In Fight Against Huntington's Disease, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

How To Approach Research : A Guide For Child Life Specialists, Emily L. Springer

Graduate Student Independent Studies

This how-to guide aims to increase the understanding of research and provide child life specialists and students a concise and easy tool to access information about how they incorporate research into their work.

The Santa Clara, 2014-05-15, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

The Benefits Of Neighborhood Racial Diversity: Neighborhood Factors And Its Association With Increased Physical Activity In Acs Patients, Ellen-Ge Denton, Philip Green, Jonathan Newman, Ye Siqin, Karina W. Davidson, Joseph Schwartz

Publications and Research

Regular physical activity reduces the risk of adverse events after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [1]. Physical activity level is influenced by neighborhood factors such as racial diversity in the general population [2,3], but the impact of neighborhood factors on physical activity after an ACS is unknown. We therefore prospectively evaluated the relationship of post-ACS physical activity assessed by continuous activity monitors with neighborhood characteristics, including ethnic density, income, female headed households, and racial diversity, in patients enrolled in the Prescription Use, Lifestyle, and Stress Evaluation (PULSE) Study.

Validation Of The Transportation Burden Questionnaire Among Family Caregivers Of Older Adults, Bryant James Price

Dissertations

Because family caregivers provide a substantial amount of informal care to dependent loved ones, the potential burden such care may place on family members is an important area for clinical research and intervention. While the provision of transportation is recognized in the literature as a caregiving task and a component of global burden, few studies, to date, have addressed this as a distinct concern for measurement and intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine if an item set focused specifically on transportation burden would be additive to accepted global measures of burden in a volunteer sample of caregivers. …

Talking To Insomniacs: Integrative Medicine Grand Rounds, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

Please join us for Integrative Medicine Grand Rounds on Tuesday, June 3, 2014 in 925 Chestnut Street, 2nd floor conference room from 8:00-9:00 am. Please note the venue for this exciting program. Dimitri Markov, M.D., FAPA is presenting and the title of his presentation is: “Talking to Insomniacs.”Dr. Dimitri Markov is an attending physician in the Jefferson Sleep Disorders Center and the Division of Consultation-Liason Psychiatry here at Jefferson. Dr. Markov received his undergraduate degree in pharmacy from Temple University School of Pharmacy and his medical degree from the MCP-Hahnemann University School of Medicine. He completed the Adult Psychiatry …

Access To Therapy For Children With Autism: A Population-Based Analysis, Teal W. Benevides, Phd, Otr/L, Henry J. Carretta, Mph, Phd, Shelly J. Lane, Otr/L, Faota

Department of Occupational Therapy Posters and Presentations

1. Objective: Examine population-based trends in access to needed therapy services for children with ASD under the age of 18 years
2. Compare differences in access to needed therapy services between children with ASD and children with other special health care needs (CSHCN)
3. Identify individual, family enabling, and child need characteristics that contribute to reduced access to therapy services

Advantages And Limitations Of Anesthesia And Sedation Practices Used Among Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients During Endovascular Revascularization Therapy, Margaret Korzewski

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

In order to safely and efficiently perform endovascular revascularization procedures among acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, general anesthesia or sedation is often required. However, anesthesia management during these procedures varies significantly worldwide and the procedural logistics have not been established yet. At some institutions AIS patients are intubated and paralyzed, while at other facilities, there is no routine protocol. In 2011 the University Hospital used “action nurses” (critical care float pool nurses) to provide pharmacological paralysis with sedation for intubated AIS patients under direct supervision of the neurointerventionalist. However, clinical outcomes among AIS patients undergoing endovascular procedures were poor. Exclusive …

Anxiety In The Classroom Setting: Early Detection Of Signs And Symptoms, Lisa A. Rauch

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

The Surgeon General (2000) estimates that up to 13% of children experience symptoms of anxiety. Since virtually all children attend school, and this environment challenges children in various modalities that are likely to produce anxiety, schools are an excellent environment to detect early signs and symptoms of anxiety. When available, school nurses are well positioned to provide primary and secondary prevention to students identified with signs and symptoms of anxiety.

The aim of this project is to identify if increasing teacher’s knowledge results in and increased ability to recognize early signs and symptoms of anxiety, and report concerns more rapidly, …

Unique Diagnostic Challenges Of Cushings From Large Bilateral Adrenal Adenoma And Mifepristone Utilization For Hypercortisolism Prior To Surgery, Vasudev G. Magaji Md, Ms, Sarah Park Do, Maura Bucciarelli Do, Katie Mastoris Do, Scott Beman Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Transgender Health Care Panel Discussion In A Required Diversity Course, Amy L. Parkhill, Jennifer Mathews, Scott Fearing, Jeanne Gainsburg

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of a panel discussion on transgender health care on first-year (P1) pharmacy students' knowledge and understanding of transgender experiences in an Introduction to Diversity course.

DESIGN: The panel consisted of both transgender males and females. After panelists shared their healthcare experiences, students asked them questions in a moderated setting. Students completed evaluations on the presentation and learning outcomes. They also wrote a self-reflection paper on the experience.

ASSESSMENT: Ninety-one percent of students agreed that they could describe methods for showing respect to a transgender patient and 91.0% evaluated the usefulness of the presentation to be …

Ultraviolet Radiation, Aging And The Skin: Prevention Of Damage By Topical Camp Manipulation, Alexandra Amaro-Ortiz, Betty Yan, John A. D’Orazio

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Being the largest and most visible organ of the body and heavily influenced by environmental factors, skin is ideal to study the long-term effects of aging. Throughout our lifetime, we accumulate damage generated by UV radiation. UV causes inflammation, immune changes, physical changes, impaired wound healing and DNA damage that promotes cellular senescence and carcinogenesis. Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and among the malignancies of highest increasing incidence over the last several decades. Melanoma incidence is directly related to age, with highest rates in individuals over the age of 55 years, making it a clear age-related disease. …

Using Chipra Immunization Measures For Primary Care Quality Improvement: Leveraging Registry Data From The State Of Maine’S Immunization Information System To Calculate Practice-Level Quality Measures, Kyra Chamberlain

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This report describes key challenges and successes of a federally-funded, cross-organizational effort to use registry data from the State of Maine’s Immunization Information System to calculate childhood and adolescent immunization measures in support of a nine-month, multi-practice learning collaborative which resulted in significant increases in immunization rates and adoption of recommended immunization-related office system procedures. Also highlighted are lessons learned about promoting the use of standardized immunization measures for quality improvement (QI), supporting primary care practices in using and understanding data for QI activities, and emphasizing the value of public-private collaboration in achieving shared goals.

The Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Exoenzyme Y Impairs Endothelial Cell Proliferation And Vascular Repair Following Lung Injury, Trevor C. Stevens, Cristhiaan D. Ochoa, K. Adam Morrow, Matthew J. Robson, Nutan Prasain, Chun Zhou, Diego F. Alvarez, Dara W. Frank, Ron Balczon, Troy Stevens

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Exoenzyme Y (ExoY) is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin that is introduced into host cells through the type 3 secretion system (T3SS). Once inside the host cell cytoplasm, ExoY generates cyclic nucleotides that cause tau phosphorylation and microtubule breakdown. Microtubule breakdown causes interendothelial cell gap formation and tissue edema. Although ExoY transiently induces interendothelial cell gap formation, it remains unclear whether ExoY prevents repair of the endothelial cell barrier. Here, we test the hypothesis that ExoY intoxication impairs recovery of the endothelial cell barrier following gap formation, decreasing migration, proliferation, and lung repair. Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were infected with …

Burkitt Lymphoma In A Pediatric Patient With Hereditary Multiple Exostose, Sara D. Prince, Portia A. Krieger, Md, Andrew W. Walter, Ms, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Introduction

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the growth of multiple bony tumors. These tumors include benign osteochondromas and less commonly, malignant tumors that arise from transformation of exostoses into secondary osteosarcomas and chondrosarcomas [1,3]. There have been no reported cases of lymphoma in the pediatric HME population. We report a case of a 10 year old boy with HME who developed Burkitt lymphoma of the abdomen.

Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - 2014 - 140th Commencement, Office Of The Registrar, Lsu Health Sciences Center-No

Graduation & Commencement Programs

The program for the 140th Commencement of LSU Health Sciences Center - New Orleans held May 15, 2014.

Cesarean Sections, Buprenorphine, Intrathecal Opioids & Pain Control – What To Do?, Madeel A. Abdullah, Md, Michelle Beam, D.O., H. Jane Huffnagle, D.O., Suzanne Huffnagle, D.O., Michelle Mele, Md, Eugene R. Viscusi, Md

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

Introduction

Suboxone^® is becoming a popular alternative to methadone maintenance in opioid abstinence. This population will likely expand in the future presenting a challenge for perioperative analgesia. Conventional pharmacology suggests that buprenorphine has a high binding affinity for the mu-opioid receptor (MOR), displacing any other opioid; and, only overcome by extremely high opioid doses. Hence recommendations are usually that buprenorphine should be discontinued before surgery so the MOR is available perioperatively. Buprenorphine is considered to have a “ceiling” analgesic effect rather than a classic opioid dose-response curve; it should not be effective for postoperative analgesia. This case supports an …

Permutation Inference For The General Linear Model, Anderson M. Winkler, Gerard R. Ridgway, Matthew A. Webster, Stephen M. Smith, Thomas E. Nichols

School of Medicine Publications

Permutation methods can provide exact control of false positives and allow the use of non-standard statistics, making only weak assumptions about the data. With the availability of fast and inexpensive computing, their main limitation would be some lack of flexibility to work with arbitrary experimental designs. In this paper we report on results on approximate permutation methods that are more flexible with respect to the experimental design and nuisance variables, and conduct detailed simulations to identify the best method for settings that are typical for imaging research scenarios. We present a generic framework for permutation inference for complex general linear …

Electrodermal Activity As An Indicator Of Sensory Processing In Typically Developing Children And Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Barbara Schupak

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the reliability of the Sensory Challenge Protocol (SCP), a laboratory procedural tool that has been used to discriminate differences in sensory processing between typically developing (TD) children and children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Method: Electrodermal activity (EDA) during rest and in response to

sensation was measured using skin conductance. Skin conductance

measures were used to calculate ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient)

reliability in 14 children with ASD and 18 TD children.

Results: ICC reliability during rest phase (tonic) for both groups was good to moderate (.65 - .73). ICC reliability during …