Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Novel Cis-Restricted Β-Lactam Combretastatin A-4 Analogues Display Anti-Vascular And Anti-Metastatic Properties In Vitro, Seema M. Nathwani, Lisa M. Greene, Linda Hughes, Miriam Carr, Niamh O'Boyle, Susan Mcdonnell, Mary J. Meegan, Daniela M. Zisterer

Articles

No abstract provided.

In Vitro And In Vivo Anticancer Activity Of The Fruit Peels Of Solanum Melongena L. Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Maha Salama, Shahira Mohammed Ezzat, Laila Rashed

Pharmacy

Background: The fruit peels’ of Solanum melongena L. which is a common vegetable in Egypt, were investigated for biologically active metabolites in an approach to find any medicinal benefits from such waste products. Methods: The Methanol Extract of the Peels (MEP) was subjected to fractionation and purification for the isolation of its major constituents. Identification of the compounds was carried out on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis (1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY and HMBC). The MEP together with the isolated compounds were tested against five human cancer cell lines representing the most common types of cancer in …

Finding Similarities Between Photographs And The Stroke And Aphasia Quality Of Life Scale - 39 (Saqol-39) Items, Ashley Renee Brouwer

LSU Master's Theses

Background: The Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life Scale-39 (SAQOL-39) is a valid, reliable quality of life (QoL) assessment for PWA (Hilari, 2003; Hilari, Byng, Lamping, & Smith, 2003). However, individuals with severe aphasia are unable to use it because their ability to comprehend the text is too severely impaired for accurate self-report (Hilari & Byng, 2009; Hilari et al., 2003; Hilari, Owen, & Farrelly, 2007). Proxy respondents often report on QoL measures for these individuals; however, studies suggest differences between proxy-reported and self-reported scores in less severe populations (e.g., Cruice, Worrall, Hickson, & Murison, 2005; Engell, Hütter, Willmes, & …

An Acoustic Description Of Vowels Spoken By Speakers With Cajun Ethnicity In Southern Louisiana, Ali Beslin

LSU Master's Theses

This study aimed to provide selected acoustic data for vowels of one portion of the southern region (Southern LA) in recognition that a variety of Southern dialects have not been recognized on the American English dialect map. To examine dialectical variations in vowel acoustics, this study included a relatively greater number of acoustic parameters including: vowel duration, F1 and F2 from the temporal midpoint of the vowel, trajectory length, and F2 slope. Ten participants between the ages of 18 to 24 were selected from the Southern Louisiana dialect region. Speech stimuli, which have been used in prior research regarding dialect, …

Computed Tomographic Assessment Of Canine Arytenoid Lateralization, James Richard Wignall

LSU Master's Theses

Unilateral arytenoid lateralization is a commonly performed surgical treatment for laryngeal paralysis in dogs. It involves fixing the moveable arytenoid cartilage to the thyroid (TAL) or cricoid (CAL) cartilage or both (CTAL). This increases the area of the rima glottidis (RGA), to allow reduced airway pressure and laryngeal resistance in vitro and ameliorates clinical signs in vivo. It may also increase the patient’s predisposition for aspiration pneumonia, which occurs in around 20% of clinical patients. No surgical technique has been correlated with clinical outcome or risk of aspiration pneumonia. Objective analysis of the effects of surgery on the three dimensional …

Effect Of Rate Reduction On Speech Intelligibility In Individuals With Dysarthria, Zachary Hall

LSU Master's Theses

This study examined how speech rate reduction affects speech intelligibility in speakers with dysarthria associated with diverse neurological conditions. Three speakers with dysarthria were recorded reading a paragraph using conversational and reduced speech rates. The samples of both the conversational and slow rates were digitally edited to include silent pauses at the speakers’ natural breaks. The samples were then segmented into breath group utterances. Five samples with the greatest rate reductions from each speaker were used as stimuli, each presented in four rate conditions: conversational, slow, synthesized conversational, and synthesized slow. The listeners rated the intelligibility of 60 samples using …

Value-Based Analysis Of Routine Pathologic Septal And Inferior Turbinate Specimens., James J Daniero, Jaemi S Chu, Brian J O'Hara, Edmund A. Pribitkin

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

This article was presented at the 2012 AAO-HNSF Annual Meeting & OTO EXPO; September 9-12, 2012; Washington, DC.

Objective To determine the frequency and clinical relevance of unanticipated histopathologic results in routine sinonasal surgery and evaluate the necessity for histologic processing of nasal septal cartilage, bone, and inferior turbinate specimens. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Tertiary care academic medical center. Subjects and Methods A retrospective review of surgical pathology reports on adult patients undergoing sinonasal surgery during a 5-year period from 2005 to 2010 was performed. All cases with the preoperative diagnosis of sinonasal neoplasia, autoimmune disease, …

A Comparison Of Two Teaching Methods For Pediatric Medication Administration: Multimedia And Text-Based Modules, Renee Granados

Doctoral Dissertations

A Comparison of Two Teaching Methods for Pediatrics: Multimedia and Text-based Modules to Teach Pediatric Medication Administration

Nurse educators are in a position to design and develop effective methods that consider the cognitive structures and how the mind processes information to teach pediatric medication content to nursing students. The majority of methods teaching medication administration use only one mode: the visual mode. One mode to present leaning material does not take advantage of the additive effects of using two modes to present learning material.

The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of two teaching methods to present …

Rhodopsin Trafficking And Retinal Function, Nicholas Joseph Reish

All ETDs from UAB

The health and maintenance of rod photoreceptors depends on the high-fidelity vectorial transport of rhodopsin from its site of synthesis in the inner segment to its final resting place in the outer segment disks. Multiple molecular interactions play a role in this process, including the interaction of the small GTPase rab11a with rhodopsin that was first described in vertebrates in amphibians. We found that the interaction of the small GTPase rab11a and rhodopsin is conserved in mammalian retina. This interaction is direct, is abrogated by human disease-causing truncation mutations in rhodopsin, and does not depend on the nucleotide binding status …

Gabaergic Dysfunction In Huntington Disease, Sarah Elizabeth Dougherty

All ETDs from UAB

GABAergic neurons are responsible for regulation of neuronal signaling through inhibition. Alterations in the delicate balance of excitation and inhibition have been observed in many neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Huntington disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by motor, psychiatric, and cognitive disturbances. As the hallmark movement pathology of HD is hyperkinesis it is intriguing to postulate that alterations in inhibition, and by extension within GABAergic cell networks, could be part of the pathogenesis of this disorder. In order to elucidate the role of GABAergic cell populations in HD we have used behavioral paradigms, molecular …

Copper Oxide Wire Particles Used To Control Haemonchus Infections : Efficacy In Giraffe (Giraffa Camelopardalis) At Busch Gardens Tampa And Potential Mechanism Of Action, Allyson Kinney Moscona

LSU Master's Theses

Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections affect production systems and exotic hoofstock in zoos, particularly giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis). Anthelmintic resistance (AR) prevalence is increasing in production systems and zoos. To combat the AR that compounds GIN problems, alternative control methods are used. One such alternative is copper oxide wire particles (COWP), which control the abomasal nematode Haemonchus contortus. COWP was given to seven adult giraffe at Busch Gardens Tampa, at descending dosages: 25 g, 12.5 g, 6.3 g. Treatment administration time was determined by fecal egg count (FEC) being above 600 eggs per gram (EPG), and therefore varied with each animal. FEC …

The Effects Of Morphophonic Faces As A Method For Teaching Sight Words, Ashley Jean Williams

LSU Master's Theses

Previous studies exploring the use of superimposed pictures for sight word learning provide mixed results, with inconclusive benefits. One criticism is that even when sight word learning is enhanced, it does not improve the learner’s use of the alphabetic principle. A second criticism is that it is only feasible for easily depicted words. This study addressed these criticisms by using pictured sight words representing a hybrid between alphabet and sight word learning, MorphoPhonic Faces (MPF). MPF have the first letter drawn in the mouth of a face suggesting speech production cues. Thus, participants were provided alphabet cues first and then …

The Effect Of Cajun Status On Kindergartners' Use Of Five Grammar Structures, Corrina Spedale

LSU Master's Theses

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between Cajun status, as defined by location, and five grammatical structures of Cajun English (CE): zero marking of past tense, zero marking of third person singular, zero marking of copula is and are, and was-leveling. The data were from 35 kindergartners, 14 from a Cajun status school, 21 from a non-Cajun status school; 15 were male and 20 were female. The data compared rate-based differences between the Cajun status and non-Cajun status children’s productions of the five CE structures in transcribed language samples. Five independent samples t-tests revealed that …

Treatment Effects Of Attention Process Training For An Individual With Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease, Kristen Michelle Ferguson

LSU Master's Theses

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the treatment efficacy of the Attention Process Training (APT; Sohlberg & Mateer, 2005), a therapeutic protocol designed for individuals who have sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI), on a person with Parkinson’s disease to determine if improvement of various attention processes and memory recall could be improved. Methods: We designed a phase I, multiple baseline A1-B-A2-A3, single-subject study with one participant diagnosed with idiopathic PD and self-reported attention impairments. We used Attention Process Training (APT) protocol (Sohlberg & Mateer, 2005) to train attention process 120-minutes per session, one time per week …

Attitudes About Voice And Voice Therapy Among Transgender Individuals, Stefanie E. Hays

LSU Master's Theses

Due to increased interest in the area of voice problems and treatment among transgender individuals in recent years, a study about vocal experiences, vocal handicap, and participation in treatment methods among this population is needed. This study examined vocal handicap among transgender women, transgender men, and individuals identifying as a non-binary gender through an online questionnaire. The goals of the study were to compare vocal handicap between transgender men and women as well as those who had participated in voice therapy and those who had not. Another goal was to identify reasons among transgender individuals for not participating in voice …

Differentiation Of Voice Disorders Using Objective Parameters From Harmonic Waveform Modeling In High-Speed Digital Imaging, Aimee Elaine Perkins

LSU Master's Theses

High-speed digital imaging (HSDI) has recently become clinically available for the direct observation of vocal fold movement in the last 20 years. However, before it can become routinely used in the clinical setting, a universal means of objectively analyzing and interpreting the HSDI data must be established. In this study, preliminary data was gathered for five parameters used to objectively analyze vocal fold vibratory patterns observed with HSDI. The parameters investigated were established by Ikuma, Kunduk, and McWhorter (2012a) and were previously studied with a small sample (N=8) comparing pre and post-phonosurgical removal of benign lesions. The five parameters included …

The Contribution Of Intereim Executives To The Healthcare Industry, Ray Snead

All ETDs from UAB

This is the first research-based study of interim executive services in the US healthcare industry. It opens a new area of inquiry for academic investigation of the role of interim executive services in the healthcare industry. The study focused on Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors leadership in acute care hospitals of all sizes across the United States. The research survey resulted in 443 responses to over seventy-five questions addressing interim executive services from the perspective of healthcare decision makers. Ninety five percent of the respondents were CEOs and the remainder were board members, primarily chairpersons. The research is …

A Critical Review Of Endometriosis Pathology, Brittany Lauren Cureton

Theses and Dissertations

Endometriosis is a complex, multifactorial, reproductive disorder present in approximately 10-15% of adult women between the ages of 25-35. This disorder occurs when endometrial glands and stroma grow ectopically on the surface of the ovaries, pelvic peritoneum, fallopian tubes, and the uterus. Endometriosis causes varying degrees of painful symptoms and infertility in infected individuals. Three main theories of endometrial accumulation attempt to explain the etiology of this elusive disease. There have been various staging of endometriosis symptoms that attempt to standardize classification as well as predict pain and infertility. Angiogenesis, necessary to the survival of endometrial tissue, along with immune …

Best Practice Guideline For Managing Interstitial Cystitis In Adult Women, Amanda Thomas Langford

Theses and Dissertations

Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic disease characterized by symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency, bladder pain, and chronic pelvic pain in the absence of known pathology. Selection of appropriate treatments depended on the severity of the patient's symptoms and patient's preference. This review found that it is important for providers and patients to set realistic goals for symptom improvement when starting a new treatment.

The purposes of this project was to 1) conduct a substantive literature review on treatment guidelines for IC/PBS, 2) analyze the literature for comparing oral pharmacological interventions and behavioral interventions for IC/PBS, and 3) …

Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of An Innovative Screening Colonoscopy Protocol In Producing High Quality Performance And Outcomes By Trained Primary Care Physicians, Yi Jhen Li

Theses and Dissertations

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 3rd most prevalent cancer and 2nd leading cause of cancer death in the U.S. Colonoscopies have been recommended as the preferred screening method to prevent cancer by removing polyps before they transform into cancer. Although colonoscopy every 10 years is considered to be the preferred screening method, it is not perfect mainly owing to the variable quality of screening colonoscopy under community-based practice conditions. Although the effectiveness of colonoscopy in preventing CRC is documented, screening colonoscopy coverage in the US population remains low. This is partly due to low colonoscopy capacity due to a shortage …

Associations Between The Perceived And Built Food Environment, Timothy L. Barnes

Theses and Dissertations

Neighborhood food environments have been associated with dietary intake and obesity. Measures of the food environment have typically been characterized with geographic information systems (GIS)-based measures, however, the use of perception-based measures of the food environment have increased in frequency. Few studies have fully examined the relationship between perceptions and GIS-based measures of the food environment, especially considering the congruency between perceived and GIS-based presence of specific retail food outlets, nor the relationship between food outlets and perceived availability of healthy foods or fast food opportunities.

Telephone survey data from 705 residents in an eight-county region of South Carolina were …

Evaluation Of Mass Media Campaigns To Change Smokers' Knowledge, Attitudes, And Behaviors In China And Taiwan, Li-Ling Huang

Theses and Dissertations

Research in high income countries (HICs) suggest that anti-smoking television advertisements are most effective if they contain emotionally evocative graphic messages or personal testimonials that depict serious consequences from smoking. The ability to effectively translate these messaging strategies to low- and middle-income (LMICs) countries outside of Western cultures remains understudied. It is critical to determine which smoking cessation messages work best in LMICs because they increasingly bear the global burden of tobacco-related disease. To date there is limited evidence on the efficacy of tobacco control mass media campaigns and the relative effectiveness of different tobacco control messaging strategies in China …

Changes In Lower Extremity Biomechanics Due To A Short-Term Fatigue Protocol, Nelson Cortes, Eric Greska, Roger Kollack, Jatin Ambegaonkar, James A. Onate

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Context: Noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury has been reported to occur during the later stages of a game when fatigue is most likely present. Few researchers have focused on progressive changes in lower extremity biomechanics that occur throughout fatiguing.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a sequential fatigue protocol on lower extremity biomechanics during a sidestep-cutting task (SS).

Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Setting: Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants: Eighteen uninjured female collegiate soccer players (age 19.2 ± 0.9 years, height = 1.66 ± 0.5 m, mass 61.6 ± 5.1 kg) volunteered.

Intervention(s): The independent variable was fatigue level, with 3 …

The Resiliency And Attitudes Skills Profile: An Assessment Of Factor Structure, Takeyra Williams, Edwin Gomez, Eddie Hill, Tammi Milliken, Jennifer Goff, Nicole Gregory

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

This study examines the Resiliency Attitudes and Skills Profile (RASP) in an afterschool recreation program with sixth grade students (N=137). The purpose of the study was to inspect the psychometric properties of the RASP and the internal consistency of the RASP global scale and subscales. This article expands on research reported on the RASP. Findings suggest that the RASP measures aspects of resiliency along four factors/dimensions. Suggestions for future research are provided.

Melatonin Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control While Lowering Oxidative Stress In Type 2 Diabetes, Carmine R. Grieco, Sheri R. Colberg, C. Thomas Somma, Andrew G. Thompson, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of melatonin on glycemic control and oxidative stress (OS) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fourteen subjects with T2D (10 female, 4 male; 52.5 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned to melatonin (MEL) or placebo groups (PLA) for 42 days, in a crossover design. Subjects ingested 10 mg of MEL or an identical placebo (PLA) 30 minutes prior to sleep. Fasting blood draws occurred at baseline, 42 days, and 84 days. Plasma malondialdehyde, a marker of OS, significantly decreased on MEL (-6.25±2.10 nmol/ml) compared to PLA (0.72±3.30, p=0.028). The …

The Big Blue Test: Effects Of 14 Minutes Of Physical Activity On Blood Glucose Levels, Sheri R. Colberg, Manuel J. Hernandez

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] For most with diabetes, physical activity has a blood glucose lowering effect (1). Hypoglycemia (i.e., blood glucose < 65 mg/dL) resulting from exercise is a concern, particularly for insulin users (2).

Urban Adventure Racing: Using Grounded Theory To Assess Motives, Eddie Hill, Edwin Gómez, Brandi Brinkley, Marni Goldenberg

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Although urban adventure races (ARs) have grown in popularity, little research exists on the reasons for the rising interest. Typically, adventure races are defined as a series of outdoor tasks completed within a given course or timeframe that are meant to challenge individuals, both mentally and physically. ARs borrow much from adventure programming. Aspects of AR programming may include goal-setting, problem-solving activities, and processing, and is often theoretically driven. This study used Grounded Theory as a basis for exploring why participants choose ARs, and if motives vary by gender. Of the 60 questionnaires collected, 40 were suitable for data analysis. …

Prognostic Value Of Patient-Reported Symptom Interference In Patients With Late-Stage Lung Cancer, Bradley J. Barney, Xin Shelley Wang, Charles Lu, Zhongxing Liao, Valen E. Johnson, Charles S. Cleeland, Tito R. Mendoza

Faculty Articles

Purpose

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) have been found to be significant predictors of clinical outcomes such as overall survival (OS), but the effect of demographic and clinical factors on the prognostic ability of PROs is less understood. Several PROs derived from the 12-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) were investigated for association with OS, with adjustments for other factors, including performance status.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on data from 90 patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer. Several baseline PROs were added to a base Cox proportional hazards model to examine the …

Fit Into College Ii: Physical Activity And Nutrition Behavior Effectiveness And Programming Recommendations, Kristi M. King, Jiying Ling, S. Lee Ridner, Dean E. Jacks, Karen S. Newton, Robert V. Topp

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: To determine whether residency (living on campus versus off campus) was related to the effects of Fit into College on students’ health behaviors, and to understand interns’ perceptions of their roles in mentoring their trainees.

Design: Pre-experimental, one-group, pretest-posttest design and a posttest focus group interview.

Setting: University-offered health and internship courses.

Subjects: Twenty-four students (trainees) participated in the intervention, nine of whom lived on campus. Five student-interns served as their mentors.

Intervention: Fit into College was a 14-week intervention in which trainees teamed up with an intern to improve and/or maintain healthy nutrition and physical activity behaviors.

Measures: …

The Impact Of A Team-Based Intervention On The Lifestyle Risk Factor Management Practices Of Community Nurses: Outcomes Of The Community Nursing Snap Trial, B Chan, U Jayasinghe, B Christl, R Laws, N Orr, A Williams, K Partington, M Harris

Nursing Papers and Journal Articles

Background: Lifestyle risk factors like smoking, nutrition, alcohol consumption, and physical inactivity (SNAP) are the main behavioural risk factors for chronic disease. Primary health care is an appropriate setting to address these risk factors in individuals. Generalist community health nurses (GCHNs) are uniquely placed to provide lifestyle interventions as they see clients in their homes over a period of time. The aim of the paper is to examine the impact of a service-level intervention on the risk factor management practices of GCHNs.

Methods: The trial used a quasi-experimental design involving four generalist community nursing services in NSW, Australia. The services …