Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Interaction Of Bacillus Anthracis Exosporium Protein Bcla With Complement Factor H And Spore Persistence In The Lung, Sarah A. Jenkins

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Anthrax outbreaks in the United States and Europe and its potential use as a bioweapon have made Bacillus anthracis an interest of study. Anthrax infections are caused by the entry of B. anthracis spores into the host via the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal tract, cuts or wounds in the skin, and injection. Among these four forms, inhalational anthrax has the highest lethality rate and persistence of spores in the lungs of animals following pulmonary exposure has been noted for decades. However, details or mechanisms of spore persistence were not known. In this study, we investigated spore persistence in a mouse …

Role Of Mir-19a Released By Inflammatory Breast Cancer Cells In The Regulation Of Dendritic Cell Functions: In Vitro Model Of Crosstalk In The Tumor Microenvironment Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Simone Anfossi

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare but very aggressive form of locally advanced breast cancer (1-6% of total breast cancer patients in United States), with a 5-year overall survival rate of only 40.5%, compared with 85% of the non-IBC patients. So far, a unique molecular signature for IBC able to explain the dramatic differences in the tumor biology between IBC and non-IBC has not been identified. As immune cells in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in regulating tumor progression, we hypothesized that tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADC) may be responsible for regulating the development of the aggressive characteristics …

Healthcare Delivery System Improvements: A Way Forward To Improve Health In Developing Countries And Pakistan, Waris Qidwai

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Correlation Between Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld) And Diabetes, S. Treeprasertsuk

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

โรคตับคั่งไขมันและเบาหวานพบร่วมกันได้บ่อย โดยอาจแบ่งเป็น 2 กลุ่มคือ กลุ่มโรคตับคั่งไขมันที่ยังไม่มีโรคเบาหวานตั้งแต่แรกพบว่ามีโอกาสเกิดโรคเบาหวานใหม่ได้มากกว่ากลุ่มคนที่ไม่มีโรคตับคั่งไขมันสูงถึง 3 เท่า ส่วนกลุ่มที่สอง คือ กลุ่มที่มีทั้งโรคตับคั่งไขมันและเบาหวาน กลุ่มนี้จะมีโอกาสเกิดภาวะพังผืดในตับและมีโอกาสเกิดโรคหลอดเลือดหัวใจตีบหรือ coronary artery disease(CAD) ได้มากกว่าผู้ป่วยโรคตับคั่งไขมันที่ไม่มีเบาหวาน อย่างไรก็ตามการรักษายังทำได้โดยมุ่งรักษาภาวะอ้วน ไขมันในเลือดสูง ความดันโลหิตสูง และเบาหวานที่พบร่วมให้ดี รวมทั้งมุ่งเน้นการการยืนยันวินิจฉัยโรคตับคั่งไขมันและประเมินความรุนแรงโรคตับว่ามีพังผืดหรือไม่โดยการประเมินความรุนแรงของการอักเสบของตับในระบบการให้คะแนนจากข้อมูลทางคลินิกหรือ ระบบ scoring system โดยมี 2ระบบที่ใช้กันบ่อยคือ “NAFLD Fibrosis Score” หรือการให้คะแนนคำนวณจากค่าตัวแปร 6 ตัวได้แก่อายุ ดัชนีมวลกาย ค่าการทำงานตับที่ใช้อัตราส่วนเอนไซม์ตับ AST/ALT, ภาวะเบาหวาน จำนวนเกล็ดเลือด และค่าอัลบูมิน และระบบที่สองคือ BARD score ประกอบด้วยค่าอัตราส่วนค่าการทำงานตับ (AST/ALT ratio) โรคเบาหวาน และค่าดัชนีมวลกาย ซึ่งทั้ง 2 ระบบจะช่วยวางแผนการรักษาโดยคัดกลุ่มเสี่ยงต่อการเกิดพังผืดในตับออกมาได้ และแพทย์ต้องแนะนำให้ปรับวิถีชีวิตโดยต้องตั้งเป้าหมายที่ชัดเจนด้วยการควบคุมอาหาร การออกกำลังกายและต้องลงมือทำอย่างจริงจัง และตั้งเป้าหมายลดน้ำหนักประมาณร้อยละ 10 ในช่วงแรก และตั้งต้นใหม่เสมอหากทำไม่ได้ในครั้งแรกส่วนยาแผนปัจจุบันที่ใช้รักษามีไม่มากนัก และควรเลี่ยงการใช้ยาสมุนไพรหรืออาหารเสริมที่ไม่จำเป็นรวมทั้งงดแอลกอฮอล์ด้วย.

Self-Management Support Interventions For Type 2 Diabetic Patients, W. Jiamjarasrangsi

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

การสนับสนุนการจัดการดูแลตนเองเป็นภารกิจที่สำคัญอย่างหนึ่งของการดูแลรักษาผู้ป่วยโรคเบาหวานเพื่อส่งเสริมให้ผู้ป่วยมีพฤติกรรมการดูแลตนเองที่จำเป็น โดยกลยุทธ์การดำเนินการควรเหมาะสมกับสภาพของคลินิกบริการโดยทั่วไปซึ่งมักมีความคับคั่งและเร่งรีบ บทความนี้นำเสนอกรอบแนวคิดของการจัดการสนับสนุนการจัดการดูแลตนเองในคลินิกสำหรับผู้ป่วยโรคเบาหวานชนิดที่ 2รวมทั้งรายละเอียดขององค์ประกอบย่อย 3 ด้านของมาตรการสนับสนุนอันประกอบด้วย (1) มาตรการด้านการให้ความรู้ (2) มาตรการด้านการปรับเปลี่ยนพฤติกรรม และ (3) มาตรการด้านอารมณ์/จิตใจ.

Effect Of Lavender Aromatherapy On Agitation In Patients With Dementia At Dementia Clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital: Pilot Study, K Srirojnoppakun, S. Tangwongchai

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Objective : To assess the efficacy of aromatherapy as an intervention for agitated behaviors in patients with dementia at the Dementia Clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Method : This was a randomized controlled trial which recruited 24 patients with dementia at the Dementia Clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. The intervention was undertaken at the patient's home by major caregivers. The sample was randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group, 12 patients with a mean age of 80.83 years (SD: 5.31), received aromatherapy with lavender oil for 1 hour every day for 2 weeks: and the control group, 12 patients …

What Is The Normal Serum Alanine Aminotransferase (Alt) Value For Thai Subjects With The Low Risk Of Liver Diseases?, V Viriyautsahakul, T Soontornmanokul, P Komolmit, W Jiamjarasrangsi, S. Treeprasertsuk

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : It still remains unclear whether the currently used normal range for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels really reflects a healthy liver. Objective : To determine the thresholds for healthy ALT values or the normal value for Thai subjects with the low risk of liver diseases who participate in the annual physical checkup at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH). Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of annual health examination, including questionnaires conducted at KCMH, Thailand from January to December 2006. A group of the low risk of liver diseases was selected by excluding patients who …

Effects Of Thai Dance On Balance In Thai Elderly, M Laophosri, J Kanpittaya, K Sawanyawisuth, P Auvichayapat, T. Janyacharoen

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : The continuous progress in public health work results in an increasing number of the elderly, whose physical changes are unavoidable. The elderly also risk more of both chronic and acute illnesses, which in turn lead to loss of abilities in conducting their daily life, loss of physical equilibrium, and more risk of falling. Exercise has become an important element that can increase stability in balancing and decrease risks of falling. Thai dance is a type of exercise that is traditional and based on Thais' ways of living. Researchers, therefore, believe that Thai dance should be an appropriate form …

Gastric Volvulus In An Ehler-Danlos Patient: A Case Report, S Prichayudh, R Pak-Art, P Vejchapipat, S Sriussadaporn, P Samorn, K Chaivanijchaya, S Sriussadaporn, K. Kritayakirana

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

The authors report a case of Ehler-Danlos syndrome with gastric volvulus undergoinga successful surgical treatment. The diagnosis was made with imaging studies. Preoperativeresuscitation and nutritional improvement were carried out. Surgical treatment for gastricvolvulus in this patient included gastrojejunostomy and anterior gastropexy. The authors alsodiscuss diagnostic modalities and surgical treatments utilized in this patient.

Relationship Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Metabolic Syndrome, N. Chirakalwasan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing parallel to obesity epidemics. The syndrome includes obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by repetitive upper airway obstructions during sleep. OSA is known to increase the risk of metabolic syndrome up to 9 times. Symptoms of OSA include snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, morning headache, nocturia, nocturnal choking, and witnessed apnea. In order to diagnose OSA, polysomnography is required to confirm the diagnosis as well as define the severity of OSA. The main treatment for OSA is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). According to prior studies, …

Current Management Of Hepatorenal Syndrome, N Norrasetwanich, O Dhissayakamol, A Wongchanayuth, S Chompoopan, S. Treeprasertsuk

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is characterized by severe renal arterial vasoconstriction without other underlying pathology. As for the worsening renal function, and it can be reversible after undergoing standard treatment. HRS develops in patients with decompensated cirrhosis who have marked circulatory dysfunction due to splanchnic arterial vasodilatation resulting in deterioration of the cardiac function as well as the renal function. HRS can present in patients with acute liver failure. There are 2 types of clinical presentations of HRS: Type-1 HRS is characterized by acute renal failure and rapid deterioration of renal function as well as the other major organs dysfunction. Bacterial …

Relationship Of The Nine Most Commonly Advertised Drugs To Drug Memory Of The First Year Residents At King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study By Questionnaire, S Praneenararat, S. Sangwatanaroj

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : There are several studies about the effect of the pharmaceutical company advertisements. In Thailand, although there are data about physicians’ opinions of drug advertisement on prescribing decisions, there is no data representing physicians’memory on drugs and there prescribing that actually happen. Objective : To compare the memory ability of trade and generic names between of the most advertised drugs and non-advertised drugs, among general practitioners. Materials and Methods : This is designed as a cross-sectional analytical study. One hundred and forty participants are randomly selected from the first year residents in training at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital to …

Prevalence Of Compulsive Sexual Behavior In Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Receive The Services At The Anonymous Clinic, Thai Red Cross Aids Research Centre, V Dispanurat, C. Roomruangwong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : The rate of HIV infection in men who have sex with men is still on the rise despite the decline in other groups of population. The main reason for the infection of this population is the sexual risk behavior. A number of researches have shown that compulsive sexual behavior in men who have sex with men could be one of the factors related to sexual risk behavior. Objectives : To study the prevalence of compulsive sexual behavior and its related factors in men who have sex with men. Setting : Men Health Clinic, the Anonymous Clinic, Thai Red …

ย่อวารสาร, พรเทพ อังศุวัชรากร

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Changes In Pharyngeal Airway Dimensions Due To Mara Treatment In Class Ii Malocclusions, James K. Dillehay

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Orthodontic treatment effects on the pharyngeal airway have recently become a hot topic in the field of orthodontics. Current literature has shown facial skeletal morphology to be correlated with pharyngeal airway shape and volume. This study used CBCT imaging to identify what, if any, effects two different treatment modalities for correcting Class II malocclusions have on the pharyngeal airway volume. This retrospective study consisted of two groups of Class II patients: 38 patients (15 females, 23 males) treated with the MARA and an Edgewise appliance and 32 patients treated with an Edgewise appliance and Class II elastics. Both pre and …

Virologic Factors Contributing To The Genetic Diversification Of Influenza Viruses Circulating In North American Swine, Thomas Paul Fabrizio Ii

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine mechanisms of reassortment of swine influenza viruses and determine if certain reassortant gene combinations can drive evolution and host adaptation in the context of the triple reassortant internal gene (TRIG) cassette. The TRIG contains a unique combination of a human polymerase basic 1 (PB1) gene with avian polymerase basic 2 (PB2) and polymerase acidic (PA) genes. The remaining internal genes, nucleoprotein (NP), matrix (M), and non-structural (NS) are of swine origin. This differs considerably from classical swine lineage viruses which are drifted variants of the 1918 pandemic with all swine origin genes. …

A Learner-Centered Technique And Clinical Reasoning, Reflection, And Case Presentation Attributes In Athletic Training Students, Scott Heinerichs, Luzita I. Vela, Joshua M. Drouin

Sports Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Association Between Maternal Resiliency, Perceptions Of Touch, And Reports Of Infant Touch, Lisa D'Agostino

HIM 1990-2015

No abstract provided.

Examination Of The Relationship Between Sport Concussion And Long Term Neurodegenerative And Psychological Disorders: A Literature Review, Vivian Rivera

HIM 1990-2015

Background: According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 1.6 to 3.8 million Americans suffer a sports related concussion each year. Concussion is defined as a transient alteration of the brain structure caused by a direct or indirect force. During the last decade, a vast amount of clinical research on the long term effects of repetitive head trauma has occurred, especially on the subject of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), depression and dementia. Objective: The purpose of this literature review is to examine the literature pertaining to multiple concussion and the long-term effects of multiple concussion such as neurodegenerative …

The Use Of Wet-To-Dry Dressings For Mechanical Debridement, Katherine Villa

HIM 1990-2015

Clinical management of complex wounds is essential to promote wound healing. Prolonged healing time may lead to longer and more costly hospitalizations and poorer patient outcomes. The removal of nonviable, necrotic tissue via debridement is vital to the healing process. One of the most common debridement techniques, in the United States, is the use of wet-to-dry dressings. There are no defined guidelines or protocols for the timing of dressing changes and subsceequent debridement. The purpose of this study was to perform a review of literature to determine the rationale for the use of wet-to-dry dressings, explore alternative time sequences of …

Young-Onset Dementia: The Child's Experience With Coping, Jamie Zeher

HIM 1990-2015

Young onset dementia (YOD) affects not only the person diagnosed, but the family unit as a whole. It is estimated that as many as 500,000 people in the United States have YOD and around 250,000 children are involved in caring for these people. A child of a parent with YOD can begin to experience negative effects when the child begins to take part in caregiving for the person with young onset dementia (PWYOD). Feelings of stress, anger, fear of the future, depression, social isolation, and increasing responsibility of caring for the PWYOD can be felt by children as caregivers. Research …

Voice As A Parameter Of Emotional And Physical Health, Ahmed Abdelal

Bridgewater Review

This article provides basic information about voice and laryngeal health to fellow educators and professional voice users with the hope that it can make a difference in their lives. I tackle voice from a multi-dimensional approach integrating research and clinical practice. What follows is based on extensive research that I have reviewed over the years, on coursework that I have taught in related areas (including anatomy and physiology of speech, language and hearing; phonetics, linguistics, and neurological bases of speech, language and hearing) and on my own experience as a licensed speech language pathologist who has diagnosed and treated patients …

Global-Health Diplomacy : The Social Determinants Perspective Of Health Approach And The Future Global Policy Agenda., Naseem Ansari

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

No abstract provided.

Ethical Imperatives Of Teaching Stress Control To Promote Well-Being., Clayton Coleman

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

The overarching purpose of this thesis is to explain why the creation of a program that facilitates and maintains good mental health is ethically imperative. This paper will focus on the ethical primacy of mental health within a population as opposed to physical health. A key factor that this paper will take into account is the way that stress affects physical health and how stress is disproportionately spread through the population. It recognizes that an individual’s mental health status can be influenced by their particular life circumstances and/or socioeconomic status, which can be seen as constitutive luck. Those disadvantaged segments …

Public Health Department Perspectives On Cervical And Prostate Cancer Prevention In Southeastern Kentucky., Jordan Danielle Burns

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

This study compared and contrasted the screening and prevention methods and strategies utilized by public health departments in southeastern Kentucky for both cervical and prostate cancer. Special attention was paid to how such efforts have influenced decreases in mortality rates over the past two decades. The study used both geospatial methods, such as Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) and spatial autocorrelation, and qualitative methods in form of interviews. The interview data showed that Kentucky public health departments had strong cervical cancer screening and prevention programs, but did not focus on prostate cancer prevention. Successes in cervical cancer screening included the …

Effects Of Short Term High Fat Diet On Obesity And Perivascular Adipose Structure And Function In Mice : Role Of Aldose Reductase, And Aldehyde Metabolizing Enzyme., Daniel Alan Murphy

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of high fat diet and aldose reductase deficiency on the structure and function of murine perivascular adipose tissue. Wild type (WT) (C57 bl/6) and aldose reductase knockout (AR-null) mice were aged to 8 or 18 weeks on a normal chow diet then some were switched to a high fat diet for 4 weeks while others remained on the control diet for the same amount of time. Following 4 weeks, mice were euthanized PVAT was analyzed. High fat feeding significantly increased body fat percentage in both age groups of mice and the area …

Always Hope: The Matthew Jessen Story, Christopher Jessen

Honors Thesis

Everyone is at risk of a brain injury every day. The effects of a brain injury can range from the minimal to the debilitating. Matthew Jessen is a brain injury survivor and my brother. His story is one of struggles and triumph as he overcame an injury that could have killed him. This documentary examines the impact brain injuries have through Matthew’s story. It describes Matthew’s journey through his initial seizures, his stay at the Mayo hospital and the brain injury facility On With Life, and his return home and to school. The documentary also shows wide range of effects …

Stability Of U-500 Regular Insulin In Prefilled Syringes, Melinda E. Lull, Justin J. Piacentino, Andrea N. Traina

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: To evaluate the stability of U-500 regular insulin in prefilled syringes stored under refrigeration for up to 28 days.

Methods: U-500 regular insulin was drawn up in 1 mL insulin syringes in a clean, nonsterile environment to emulate conditions of a patient’s home. Samples were assayed using a stability-indicating reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method immediately after preparation (day 0) and after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days under refrigeration. Before evaluation, all samples were diluted to a concentration of 40 units/mL in the starting mobile phase. Stability was determined by evaluating the percentage of the initial concentration remaining at …

Interaction Between Lubricants Containing Phosphate Ester Additives And Stainless Steels, David W. Johnson, Matthew Bachus, John E. Hils

Chemistry Faculty Publications

One way to improve fuel efficiency in today’s jet aircraft engines is to create an environment for higher operating temperatures and speeds. New and improved lubricants and bearing materials must be developed to remain stable in these elevated operating temperatures. Three lubricants, with varying amounts of tricresyl phosphate added as an anti-wear/extreme pressure additive were tested on two different stainless steels at varying temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 350 °C in vacuum. Significant decomposition of the lubricant base-stocks and the phosphate ester additive did occur in most of the trials resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids and phenols. …

Use Of Social Media In Adolescent Obesity Intervention, Helen Hansen

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Childhood and adolescent obesity strongly predicts adult obesity (Spruijt-Metz, 2011) and literature highlights the transitional period into college as a “high risk weight gain period” (Holm-Denoma, Joiner, Vohs, & Heatherton, 2008). Obesity is associated with poor physical outcomes (Freedman, Dietz, Srinivasan, & Berenson, 1999; Katz & D’Ambrosio, 2010) and psychological conditions are found in 34% of children and adolescents with an obesity-related condition, in comparison to 20% of the children in the general population (Wang & Beydoun, 2007). In the context of obesity programs, growing evidence supports the efficacy of increasing physical activity without calorie restriction to decrease body fat …