Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Cochlear Implant In A Patient With Mondini's Deformity Of The Cochlea: Pilot Patient In Pakistan, Sadaf Qadeer Ahmed, Montasir Junaid, Zainul Abedeen Sobani, N Naila, Mohammad Sohail Awan

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Autosomal-recessive genes account for about 80% of the patients of non-syndromic deafness, and a major portion of those lead to cochlear pathology. Given the strong cultural practice of consanguineous marriages and the lack of awareness regarding screening modalities, a high prevalence of hereditary pre-lingual deafness is seen in Pakistan. Considering the situation, cochlear implant surgery was introduced by Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan, in 2003. Recently we decided to expand the profile and services available and conducted the first ever cochlear implant on an anatomically-challenged cochlea. The case report relates to the experience of our pilot patient …

Experiences Of Resident Assistants With Potentially Suicidal Students: Identification, Referral, And Expectations, Katherine M. Bender

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

Resident Assistants (RAs), living on campus and tasked with advising students while keeping them safe, are in a position to identify and refer students who may be at risk for suicide or other mental health issues. This study examined RA ability to identify students at risk for suicide, RA comfort in working with students at risk for suicide, RA actions taken when working with students who may be at risk for suicide, and RA expectations for shared information about students the RAs have referred for counseling because they may be at risk for suicide. The study found that RAs report …

Child Emotional Abuse And Its Relationship To Obesity, Kelly Anderson Driscoll

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Over the past 30 years in the United States childhood obesity has more than tripled (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). In 2008, 18.5% of adolescents of the age 12-18 years old were obese in the United States (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). With the increase of obesity Americans have spent approximately 9% of their total medical costs on obesity-related illnesses (Finkelstein, Fiebelkorn, &Wang, 2003). Previous research documented the relationship between virtually every form of child abuse and subsequent obesity. Restricting focus to child emotional abuse, while studies have linked emotional abuse to the long-term consequence of …

Student Retention In Bsn Programs, Katherine Pittman Hensley

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Theses & Dissertations

This study examined, by use of a researcher-developed survey instrument, perceptions between three groups on reasons why students drop out of nursing programs. Also examined are recommendations from the three groups on how to try to avoid nursing student attrition. Specific groups surveyed included native BSN students, RNB students, and a mixed group of nursing faculty. Survey items were divided into two general groups: student-related issues, and institutional issues. Since RNB students (which include a larger number of non-traditional students) and BSN students (which include more of the native university population of traditional students) have many differences, the author attempted …

Spirituality, Religiosity, Depression, Anxiety, And Drug-Use Consequences During Methadone Maintenance Therapy, Linda B. Piacentine

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Substance addiction is damaging to the health of persons, families, and society. Often the person with addiction has decreased spirituality and religiosity and suffers from anxiety, depression, or both, increasing the risk for continued substance use and its concomitant negative consequences. The study purpose was to describe spirituality and religiosity, among persons enrolled in methadone maintenance therapy and to examine associations between spirituality, religiosity, anxiety, depression, and drug-use consequences. Using a descriptive and cross-sectional correlational design, 108 participants completed questionnaires assessing the study variables. Spiritual well-being was similar to other addiction samples and lower than healthy person samples. Most participants …

A Theater Intervention To Prevent Teen Dating Violence For Mexican-American Middle School Students, Ruth Ann Belknap, Kristin Haglund, Holly Felzer, Jessica E. Pruszynski, John Schneider

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To test a theater intervention designed to raise awareness of the dynamics and consequences of teen dating violence (TDV) and to facilitate creation of nonviolent responses to TDV among Latino and Latina adolescents. The intervention was based on Theater of the Oppressed, which advocates the use of theater methods to explore social issues and to allow audiences to experiment with problem-solving, thereby promoting change.

Methods

This study used a pretest–posttest, no control group, mixed-measures design to study 66 Mexican-American adolescents (mean age, 13.4 ± 5 years). Two plays containing subtle and overt signs of control and abuse were written …

Frequency And Predisposing Factors Of Pharyngocutaneous Fistula After Total Laryngectomy, Asif Ali Arain, Mubasher Ikram, Shabbir Akhtar, Muhammad Shaheryar Ahmed Rajput, Mohammad Adeel, Moaz Maqbool Choudhary

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objective

The objective of our study was to determine the frequency and predisposing factors of pharyngocutaneous fistula in postlaryngectomy patients.

Materials and methods

Charts of those patients who were treated with total laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma in our department from 2000 to 2008 were reviewed. Total 77 patients were included in the study. The variables studied for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) after total laryngectomy were: age and gender, diabetes mellitus, post-operative hemoglobin, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tumor characteristics including tumor site, stage, differentiation and extension into pyriform sinus, pre-operative radiotherapy, pre-operative chemotherapy, pre-operative tracheostomy and …

Toluidine Blue: Yet Another Low Cost Method For Screening Oral Cavity Tumour Margins In Third World Countries, Montasir Junaid, Anwar Suhail, Beena Umer, Mubasher Ikram, Zain-Ul-Abedeen Sobani, Naeem Sultan Ali, Ahmad Nawaz

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Objective: To use toluidine blue intra-operatively to identify tumour involved margins after the removal of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, and to compare the findings with those of final histopathology.
Methods: The study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital from December 1, 2009, to March 14, 2010, and comprised 56 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity regardless of grade and stage of tumour. Intra-operatively toluidine blue was used on the resected tumour margins and the staining patterns were assessed. Results were then compared with the final histopathology report.
Results: A total of 11(19.64%) margins …

The Stigmatization Of Disabilities In Africa And The Developmental Effects, Kelsey Koszela

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Stigmatization still exists in large scale and leads to exclusion and continued poverty and poor standard of life for persons with disabilities, especially for those living in Africa. The main cause of stigmatization in Africa is a lack of education about disabilities and the needs of persons with disabilities. The unknown creates fear in society and exclusion for persons with disabilities, prohibiting them from obtaining decent education, proper health care and having access to jobs and financial support. Since the Convention for the Rights of Disabled Persons (CRPD) in 2006 societal education has been supplemented by implementation of development programs …

Integrating Best Evidence Into Practice: Outcomes Of A Community-Based 12-Week Exercise And Education Intervention In Women With Cancer, Betsy J. Becker, Katherine J. Jones, Patricia A. Hageman, Ruth Vangerpen

Posters and Presentations: Physical Therapy

Objective

Cancer-related fatigue is the most commonly reported side effect of cancer treatment, affecting 70-100% of patients and current literature suggests exercise is an important component of managing this side effect. The specific objective of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-week evidence-based cancer exercise and education intervention on outcomes of fatigue, pain, depression, sleep disturbance and quality of life for women with cancer; the intervention was delivered by an interprofessional team in a medically-based wellness center.

Methods

The team was led by a physical therapist and included medical and radiation oncologists, general surgeons, nurses and cancer …

Leadership Considerations For Executive Vice Chairs, New Chairs, And Chairs In The 21st Century., Elisabeth J.S. Kunkel, Jon A. Lehrmann, Michael J. Vergare, Laura Weiss Roberts

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

The need to fulfill academic goals in the context of significant economic challenges, new regulatory requirements, and ever-changing expectations for leadership requires continuous adaptation. This paper serves as an educational resource for emerging leaders from the literature, national leaders, and other “best practices” in the following domains: 1. Mentorship; 2. Faculty Development; 3. Promotion; 4. Demonstrating value in each of the academic missions; 5. Marketing and communications; and 6. Barriers

An Old Problem With A New Therapy: Gastrointestinal Bleeding In Ventricular Assist Device Patients And Deep Overtube-Assisted Enteroscopy., Konrad Sarosiek, Linda J Bogar, Mitchell I Conn, Brendan O'Hare, Hitoshi Hirose, Md, Phd, Nicholas C. Cavarocchi, Md

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Conventional algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with nonpulsatile ventricular assist devices (VADs) may take days to perform while patients require transfusions. We developed a new algorithm based on deep overtube-assisted enteroscopy (DOAE) to facilitate a rapid diagnosis and treatment. From 2004 to 2012, 84 patients who underwent VAD placement in our institution, were evaluated for episodes of GIB. Our new algorithm for the management of GIB using DOAE was evaluated by dividing the episodes into three groups: group A (traditional management without enteroscopy), group B (traditional management with enteroscopy performed >24 hours after presentation), …

Support For A Smoke-Free Bylaw In Parks And On Beaches, Chizimuzo T.C. Okoli, Ann Pederson, Wendy Rice

Nursing Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: In September 2010, Vancouver, Canada enacted a smoke-free bylaw in parks and on beaches.

OBJECTIVE: To examine demographic and attitudinal factors associated with the public opinion on Vancouver's outdoor smoke-free bylaw.

METHODS: From 496 randomly selected Vancouver residents, information on demographics, smoking status, and opinions and support for or opposition to the smoke-free bylaw were obtained by telephone surveys.

RESULTS: Approximately 84.2% of the sample endorsed the legislation; a greater proportion of non-smokers supported the bylaw than smokers (88.6% vs. 52.0%). In multivariate analysis, demographic variables significantly associated with supporting the smoke-free bylaw were being female, having completed community …

Unintentional Childhood Poisoning, Epidemiology And Strategies For The Prevention And Policy Change In Pakistan, Omer Ul Hassan, Hasana Qadri, Umer Mir, Bilal Ahmed

Department of Medicine

Poisoning is the fifth leading cause of unintentional injuries among young children. Agents most commonly ingested by young children include medicines, cleaning substances, hydrocarbons, pesticides and cosmetics. Children with less educated fathers, living in more crowded conditions and from lower income families are more predisposed to unintentional poisoning. Unsafe storage of medicines, chemicals and other hazardous substances is one of the leading reasons for childhood poisoning. Knowledge of parents and caregivers about prevention of poisoning may be the basis to prevent subsequent injuries. This paper is a review of the epidemiology of unintentional poisonings among young children (less than five …

Wilson's Disease: Experience At A Tertiary Care Hospital., Om Parkash, Adil Ayub, Wasim Jafri, Syed H Shah, Saeed Hamid

Department of Medicine

Wilson's disease (WD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. Data regarding WD is not available from Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and all patients admitted with primary and secondary diagnosis of Wilson's disease were added. A total of 47 patients were seen; 68% (n = 32) were male. The mean age was 26.6 ± 9.97 years. Most of the patients presented with hepatic, (n = 22, 46.8%), neurological, (n = 17, 36.2%) and psychiatric (n = 8, 17%) symptoms. Mean ceruloplasmin level was 0.17 ± 0.13 g/dl; it was < 0.25 g/dl in 39 (86.6%) patients. Serum copper (Cu) was reduced in 32 (68.1%) patients and 24-hr-urinary Cu was raised in 22 (47.6%) patients. Slit lamp examination for Kayser-Fleischer (KF) rings was done on 15 (31.9%) patients and 9 (60%) of them had KF rings. Mean serum aspartate transaminase (AST) / alanine transaminases (ALT) ratio was 1.92 and median alkaline phosphatase / total bilirubin ratio was 79.30 (IQR 35.05; 166.50).

Self-Perceived Health Among School Going Adolescents In Pakistan: Influence Of Individual, Parental And Life Style Factors?, Asad Ali Khan Afridi, Komal Motwani, Saleem Khawaja, Adeel Khoja, Zafar Fatmi, Iqbal Azam Syed, Muhammad Masood Kadir

Department of Medicine

BACKGROUND: Adolescents are at substantial risk of acquiring behaviors which might influence their health status. This study was aimed to assess the proportion of school going adolescents (both males and females) with poor self-perceived health and its associated factors.

METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three major cities of Pakistan i.e. Karachi, Lahore and Quetta. From each city, six (6) secondary schools were randomly selected (3 public and 3 private). Pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to students. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine independent factors associated with poor self-perceived health.

RESULTS: Approximately 29% adolescents (119/414) reported poor …

Clear: The Intraventricular Haemorrhage Thrombolysis Trial., Anjum Akhtar, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Racial And Ethnic Variations In Waiting Times For Emergency Department Visits Related To Nontraumatic Dental Conditions In The United States, Christopher Okunseri, Elaye Okunseri, Cesar A. Chilmaza, Shazeen Harunani, Qun Xiang, Aniko Szabo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Researchers have documented an association between waiting times in emergency departments (EDs) and quality of care for medical conditions, but little is known about trends and factors associated with waiting times for ED visits related to nontraumatic dental conditions (NTDCs). The authors examined trends in waiting time and associated factors for NTDC-related ED visits in the United States.

Methods

The authors analyzed data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care survey for 1997 to 2007, excluding 2001 and 2002 owing to lack of information about waiting times. The authors used a survey-weighted linear regression of log-transformed waiting-time model to …

The Cost Effectiveness Of Collaborative Mental Health Services In Outpatient Psychotherapy Care, Ashley Ann Maag

Theses and Dissertations

This study compared the differences in treatment length, cost, cost effectiveness, dropout, and recidivism between a biomedical, talk therapy, and a collaborative mental health model for outpatient psychotherapy insurance claims. A biomedical model was the most cost effective with fewer sessions, but had a significantly higher dropout rate. Collaborative care had the least dropout, but also had higher costs and recidivism rates. Within collaborative care, differences between modality type, diagnosis, and provider type combinations were also examined. Within collaborative models, mixed modes of therapy had the lowest dropout, but at significantly higher costs and recidivism rates. Family therapy had the …

Substance Abuse Via Legally Prescribed Drugs: The Case Of Vicodin In The United States, Wendy K. Caldwell, Benjamin Freedman, Luke Settles, Michael M. Thomas, Anarina Murillo, Erika Camacho, Stephen Wirkus

Faculty Articles

Vicodin is the most commonly prescribed pain reliever in the United States. Research indicates that there are two million people who are currently abusing Vicodin, and the majority of those who abuse Vicodin were initially exposed to it via prescription. Our goal is to determine the most effective strategies for reducing the overall population of Vicodin abusers. More specifically, we focus on whether prevention methods aimed at educating doctors and patients on the potential for drug abuse or treatment methods implemented after a person abuses Vicodin will have a greater overall impact. We consider one linear and two non-linear compartmental …

Exercise-Induced Dyspnea In College-Aged Athletes, Katherine R. Newsham, Ethel M. Frese, Richard A. Mcguire, Dennis P. Fuller, Blakeslee E. Noyes

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing during exercise is referred to as exercise-induced dyspnea (EID), and is a common complaint from athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of EID among college aged athletes and to explore the medical encounters, including diagnostic testing, arising from this complaint. Method: We surveyed intercollegiate (n=122) and club sport (n=103) athletes regarding their experience with EID, including medical diagnoses, diagnostic procedures, environmental factors, and treatment effectiveness. Results: Fifty-two percent of respondents (n=112) reported episodes of EID. Intercollegiate and club sport athletes did not differ in regard to the prevalence …

The Effect Of A Single Session Of Whole Body Vibration On Mobility, Lower Limb Joint Position Sense And Balance Of Community Dwelling Older Adults, Anne Jones, Susan Gordon, Rebecca Sealey

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Objectives: To determine the effects of a single episode of whole body vibration among community dwelling older adults on balance, mobility, and joint position sense. Methods: Thirty six adults over the age of 50 were recruited and underwent measurement of single limb stance for right and left legs, Timed Up and Go test, and joint position sense of the knee before and after a single episode of Whole Body Vibration (WBV) using a frequency of 6Hz, amplitude of 5mm, applied for ten minutes. Results: There was a statistically significant change in single limb balance for both the right and left …

The Effect Of Platelet-Rich Plasma On Elbow Tendinopathies: A Systematic Review, Sarah Schwetlik, Luke Strempel

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Elbow tendinopathies are common conditions that typically last 6 to 24 months. There is no clear consensus in the literature regarding the most effective management. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous blood product used for elbow tendinopathies with the aim of enhancing tissue regeneration. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness and safety of PRP for reducing pain and physical function in elbow tendinopathies. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for relevant studies and data were extracted regarding the design, sample characteristics, interventions, and outcome measures. Each study was critically appraised for …

Beyond Brushing Teeth: Pilot Study Reveals Community Based Opportunities To Promote Oral Care For Clients With A Spinal Cord Injury, Amy L. Sullivan, Christy M. Morgan

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

OBJECTIVE: This study identified opportunities for occupational therapists serving those with a spinal cord injury needing community based dental care. METHODS: Dental professionals answered survey questions on attitudes toward treating clients with a spinal cord injury, knowledge of transfer skills, occupational therapy as a community resource, and dental clinic physical design. The data collected for this pilot study were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: The participants revealed hesitation toward treating these clients, some knowledge of occupational therapy as a community referral source, limited knowledge for transfer skills, and questionable clinic designs for meeting accessibility guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this pilot …

In Vitro Selection Of Chloroquine Tolerant Plasmodium Falciparum Parasites, Daniel A. Daley

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Malaria is among the most devastating human diseases, and a majority of lethal cases are caused by the protozoan parasite, Plasmodiumfalciparum. The emergence of multi-drug resistant P.falciparum is a major obstacle to malaria control and is highlighted by the abandonment of chloroquine (CQ) as a first-line treatment of P.falciparum infections worldwide. Chloroquine resistance (CQR) is associated primarily with mutations in the transmembrane digestive vacuole protein, PfCRT. However, CQR P.falciparum parasites harboring the same mutant pfcrt allele vary in their CQ response, suggesting the CQ response is multigenic in nature. No gene outside of pfcrt is completely associated with CQR. Thus, …

Factory Laborer Dies When A Car Driven By Coworker Crashes Into Him In Parking Lot, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Motor Vehicle

On a summer day, a 29-year-old male manufacturing laborer was outside under a small metal stairway in the loading dock area of the manufacturing plant during his lunch break. Another employee entered her car in the employee parking lot to leave on her lunch break. Her car unexpectedly malfunctioned when in reverse, sped backward, and crashed into the stairway under which the worker was taking a break. The collision pushed the metal stairway along the wall of the factory, crushing the worker between the building and the passenger side of the car. Emergency medical services arrived and transported the worker …

2012-2013 Department Of Psychiatry And Behavioral Sciences Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2012-2013 Department Of Surgery Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2012-2013 Department Of Pathology Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.

2012-2013 Department Of Obstetrics And Gynecology Scholarly Activity Report, Quillen College Of Medicine, East Tennessee State University

Quillen College of Medicine Scholarly Activity Reports

No abstract provided.