Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Maternal Genital Tract Colonisation By Group-B Streptococcus: A Hospital Based Study, Nida Najmi, Rozina Sikandar, Nadeem F. Zuberi, Imtiaz Jehan

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Group B Streptococcus genital tract infection in pregnant women and to determine the risk factors for its colonisation.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi and Sobhraj Hospital, Karachi, from May to August 2007. Pregnant women at 35-37 weeks gestation attending antenatal clinic at these hospitals constituted the study population. Based on stratified sampling, 405 patients were recruited. High vaginal swabs of these patients were taken in order to calculate the prevalence of infection at each hospital. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk factor association. SPSS …

Associations Of Smoking Status And Serious Psychological Distress With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Ke-Sheng Wang, Liang Wang, Shimin Zheng, Long-Yang Wu

ETSU Faculty Works

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been a major public health problem due to its high prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Smoking is a major risk factor for COPD, while serious psychological distress (SPD) is prevalent among COPD patients. However, no study focusing on the effect of SPD on COPD has been so far conducted, while few studies have focused on the associations of SPD and behavioral factors with COPD by smoking status.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the associations of SPD and behavioral factors (such as smoking and physical activity) with COPD.

Materials and Methods: Weighted logistic regression …

Effects Of Parental Trauma Experience On Second Generation Cambodian Americans, Sophorn Theam Choau

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study explores the parent-child relationship between second generation Cambodian Americans (SGCA) and their first generation parents, as reported by SGCA. Specifically this study examined the effects of parental trauma from the Khmer Rouge (Cambodian genocide), on SGCA in relation to SGCA's mental health status, parent-child communication, cohesion, flexibility, and academic achievements. This study was conceptualized through the effects of intergenerational trauma. A quantitative approach was used to analyze the data. Instruments used to measure the variables in the research included Harvard Trauma Questionnaire Revised Cambodian Version (HTQ), Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18), Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES-IV), and …

Correlating Vomer With Ceph Vectors In High And Low Mandibular Plane Angle Cases, Christopher James Wood

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Growth of the maxilla and mandible follow identifiable vectors of facial growth such as the Rickett’s Facial Axis (FA) and the Down’s Y-axis (YA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the anterior inferior vomer axis (AIVA) and posterior inferior vomer axis (PIVA) with the FA and YA in cases with high (32 degrees and above) and low (20 degrees and below) mandibular plane angles.

Methods: Pretreatment cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 94 patients treated at the Loma Linda University Graduate Orthodontic Clinic meeting the inclusion criteria were used in this …

Never Smokers -- Are They More Sensitive To The Respiratory Health Effects Of Ambient Air Pollution?, Zuhair Saleh Natto

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: Several studies show an association between ambient particulate matter (PM) and all-cause mortality. The Adventist Health and Smog 1 (AHSMOG-1) study (N=6,338) has previously found associations between ambient air pollution and incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using the spatial interpolation method from the three nearest fixed monitoring stations to residence and workplace. However, few studies have assessed the risk of death among disease specific subgroups such as those with COPD.

Objectives: The aims of this study were 1) to assess the effect of chronic exposure to ambient air pollutants on risk of all-cause mortality among persons with COPD …

Perceived Attitudes And Staff Roles Of Community Based Outpatient Clinics In Disaster Management, Pauline Antoinette Hodge-Hilton

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objective: Natural and manmade disasters have claimed the lives of thousands of individuals in the US and caused billions of dollars in property damage. First responders carry the responsibility of disaster management, leaving other health care professionals such as medical clinic staff underutilized to support the clinic staff. We explored how medical and support staff in Community-based Outpatient VHA Clinics (CBOC) perceive their roles in disaster response, their attitudes about clinic readiness and continuity of care during disasters, and their ability to function in a post disaster environment.

Methods: A mixed method study was conducted to answer questions related to …

Effect Of Attending Doctor Changes On Orthodontic Treatment Times And Results, Emily Caskey Peppers

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: The objective of this study was to determine if there was any significant difference in treatment time or results due to varying levels of attending doctor coverage in the Loma Linda University (LLU) graduate orthodontics clinic. Methods and Materials: The main study group of 191 subjects was split into high, medium and low coverage groups by primary attending doctor coverage and then by original attending doctor coverage. Treatment times, treatment results, and other variables were evaluated for each of the groups. Treatment results were evaluated using UK Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) scores. A second study group (289 subjects) included …

Role Of Vimf In Gingipain Maturation In Porphyromonas Gingivalis, Arun S. Muthiah

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Gingipain activity in Porphyromonas gingivalis, the major etiological agent in adult periodontitis, is post-translationally regulated by unique Vim proteins including VimF, a putative glycosyltransferase. To ascertain the VimF mediated phenotype we first inactivated the vimF gene in P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 (FLL476), a less virulent fimbriated strain. We observed that the vimF-defective mutant (FLL476) showed a phenotype similar to that of the vimF-defective mutant (FLL95) in the P. gingivalis W83 background. While hemagglutination was not detected and autoaggregationn was reduced, biofilm formation was increased in FLL476. Also, invasive capacity decreased for this mutant. Furthermore, fimbrial structures were missing in FLL476, …

Study Of Brief Single Session Medical Family Therapy With Low-Income Patients, Mayuri Pandit

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Medical Family Therapy (MedFT) has been promoted as beneficial for vulnerable patient populations. However, there is a need for MedFT effectiveness studies with longitudinal randomized control trials. Thus, this pilot study investigated the results of a brief single session of MedFT over a one-week period with low-income primary care patients. Effectiveness in this study was defined as increasing a sense agency and communion and decreasing psychological distress. Results suggested that over time, MedFT may increase some sense of agency for lower-income patients, increase patient satisfaction with care, increase family support for patients with higher education, and decrease depression symptoms for …

Comparison Between Ceph Analysis On Lateral Cephs, Cbct Scans, And Mri Scans, Jeffrey W. Lam

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Introduction: Most current methods of obtaining images for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning involve the use of ionizing radiation. Given that patients often need records taken several times during treatment, an alternative should be found that does not involve ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exists as a possible alternative. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare cephalometric measurements obtained from lateral cephs, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, and MR scans. Methods: Lateral cephs, CBCTs, and MRIs were taken on 22 patients. 3 separate readers traced the images and the data was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. Results: …

Comparison Of Digital And Cbct Synthesized Lateral Cephalograms, Da Lee

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the precision of lateral cephalometric Ricketts analysis measurements from NewTom 5G CBCT (NewTom) synthesized lateral cephalograms with Sirona Orthophos XG Plus (Sirona) digital lateral cephalograms. Materials & Methods: A Sirona digital lateral cephalogram and a NewTom synthesized lateral cephalogram of a phantom in the orthogonal and perspective projections were created. Metal washers in each plane of the phantom were measured in the vertical and horizontal dimensions and compared across the different imaging modalities. In Group 1, forty patients were randomly selected from the Loma Linda University Graduate Orthodontic Clinic who had …

Conference Learnings, Jennifer Murray Rn, Cmsrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Preparing Contaminated Instrumentation For Quick Turnover: A Team Approach, James C. Mcdonald

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

A Support Model For Or Efficiency, Joseph M. Griffin

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Study Abroad Programs: Using Alumni And Graduate Students As Affiliate Faculty, Sheri Palmer, Debra Wing, Leslie Miles, Sondra Heaston, Karen H. De La Cruz

Faculty Publications

To expand student appreciation of global health and diversity, many schools of nursing offer study abroad programs. However, this type of labor-intensive program can be difficult in light of faculty shortages and constrained resources. The authors discuss how these issues were addressed using alumni and graduate students as affiliate teachers in 3 clinical study abroad settings.

Improvement In Access And Equity For Maternal And Neonatal Health Services: Comparative Advantages Of Contracted-Out Versus Non-Contracted-Out Facilities, Shehla Zaidi, Fauziah Rabbani, Iqbal Azam Syed, Atif Riaz, Peter Hatcher, Gul Nawaz Khan Nawaz Khan, Nousheen Pradhan, Hassan Fazli, Shiraz Shaikh, Yasmeen Khan, Syeda Nida Naim, Unaib Rabbani

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Efficacy And Safety Of Gymnema Inodorum Tea Consumption In Type 2 Diabetic Patients, R Bespinyowong, S Pongthananikorn, A. Chiabchalard

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic and its prevalence increases in many region of the world. Gymnema inodorum is a medicinal plant that has been used as drug and food for a long time in Thailand. It has hypoglycemic effect in healthy subjects without serious side effects. However, today there has not been any clinical study evaluating its effect in type 2 diabetic patients. Objective : To evaluate the effect of consumption of G. inodorum tea on clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetic patients. Design : Before and after quasi-experimental study. Setting : Diabetes Clinic, Outpatient Department, …

Use Of Health Care Services Of Children With Autism At Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child Psychiatric Hospital, D Wichaikam, A. Wacharasindhu

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Objective : To study use of health care services in children with autism and associated factors. Design : Cross-sectional descriptive study Setting : Yuwaprasart Waithayopathum Child Psychiatric Hospital Sample : Three hundred and four parents of children with autism. Materials and Methods : Parents of autistic children, 304 of whom were older than 15 years for the parents of children who have been diagnosed by a physician. The children receive health services at least not less than three months. Parents answered about demographic data, health services and related factors in use of health care services. Data was analyzed by descriptive …

Strengthening Paediatric Emergency Medicine In Pakistan Is Our Need To Reach Millennium Development Goal 4., Emaduddin Siddiqui, Kiran Ejaz

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Computed Tomographic Findings In Lymphomas Of The Head And Neck At King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, N Kittyon, S. Lerdlum

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Lymphoma is the second most common neoplasm in the head and neck. According to the recent study in Thailand, the incidence of malignant lymphoma was increasing. The roles of CT were assessment of known tumor, identification of occult tumor sites, assessment of treatment response, and recurrent tumor diagnosis. Objective : To describe and characterize CT findings of lymphoma of head and neck of Patients at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH). Design : Retrospective descriptive study Setting : Department of Radiology, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed nodal and extranodal findings on baseline …

A Comparative Study Of Desflurane Inhalation And Propofol Tci Regimen For Temporal Lobectomy: Early Recovery, Cognitive Functions And Costs, T Indrambarya, S Lerdsirisopon, L Tuchinda, P Laosuwan, P. Sumethnapis

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : A number of the anesthesia regimens are used in craniotomy. Rapid emergence is one of the important goals in Neuroanesthesia. In this study, we compared desflurane inhalation and propofol TCI regimen in patients undergoing craniotomy for temporal lobectomy regarding recovery profiles including time of recovery, cognitive function, postoperative pain, post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV). In addition, we compared the costs between the two regimens. Objective : To study effects of desflurane inhalation regimen and propofol TCI in patients undergoing elective craniotomy for temporal lobectomy. Recovery profiles, post-operative complications and treatments and overall costs between two group are compared …

Incidence Of Hyperthyroidism Among In-Patients With Atrial Fibrillation, P Chanyavanich, W. Polamaung

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : The incidence of hyperthyroidism has been increasing in patients with atrial fibrillation. It is ranged from 1 - 32% in different populations. Objective : To find the incidence of hyperthyroidism in-patients with atrial fibrillation at Prapokklao Hospital. Hence, we found out of the clinical clues for sending appropriate thyroid function test in patients with atrial fibrillation. Design : Retrospective descriptive study. Setting : Prapokklao Hospital, Chanthaburi Province. Material and Methods : All hospitalized patients who were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and had performed thyroid function tests in 2010 were recruited. The medical records were analyzed about the incidence …

A Study Of Acupressure On Range Of Knee Joint Movement In Osteoarthritis, T Thanerat, C Warongchayakul, W Phakaihran, B Ahsavachutitumrong, S Ploysap, K Paangsrivinig, Y Jittakoat, S. Trenchai, C Nithikathkul, R. Somana

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Acupressure in osteoartitis may help decrease the pain and improve the range of knee joint motion. It may also decrease the side effects of medications and reduce the future expense. Objective : The purpose of this study is to assess the benefit of acupressure improving the range of movement of knee joint and reducing the pain in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. Research design : Clinical trial Setting Bang Yai Hospital, Bang Yai, Nonthaburi. Material and Methods : The patients who participated in the study had already been diagnosed by orthopedics at Bang Yai Hospital in Nontaburi. …

Social Skills Of Youth Who Play Online Game At Internet Café In Bangkok Metropolis, P Raksriaksorn, N. Pityaratstian

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Previous studies of adolescents who play online games are those gamers will most likely have less social skills. However, there has been no study on the social skills of adolescents who play online games, as well as no correlation between the amount of time spent on game and social skills of adolescents who play online game demonstrated. This will help the nature of online game users more, and it is important to promote and develop the social skills of adolescents who play online games. Objective : To determine the levels of social skills, the relationship between social skills, …

Marital Satisfaction And Associated Factors Among Female Patients At Infertility Clinic Of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, J Srimuang, C. Roomruangwong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : There are evidences that infertility has major impacts on marital satisfaction, especially among women. However, marital satisfaction among female patients at Infertility Clinic has not been studied. Objective : To examine marital satisfaction as well as associated factors among female patients at Infertility Clinic of King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Design : A cross – sectional descriptive study. Setting : King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Materials and Methods : Data were collected from 207 female patients at the Infertility Clinic. Self-report included: 1) General background; 2) Fertility information; 3) Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS); 4) Beck Depression Inventory-IA (BDI-IA); 5) Attitude …

Modern Prescription Theory And Application: Realistic Expectations For Speech Recognition With Hearing Aids, Earl E. Johnson

ETSU Faculty Works

A major decision at the time of hearing aid fitting and dispensing is the amount of amplification to provide listeners (both adult and pediatric populations) for the appropriate compensation of sensorineural hearing impairment across a range of frequencies (e.g., 160?10000?Hz) and input levels (e.g., 50?75?dB sound pressure level). This article describes modern prescription theory for hearing aids within the context of a risk versus return trade-off and efficient frontier analyses. The expected return of amplification recommendations (i.e., generic prescriptions such as National Acoustic Laboratories?Non-Linear 2, NAL-NL2, and Desired Sensation Level Multiple Input/Output, DSL m[i/o]) for the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) …

Integration Of Comprehensive Women’S Health Programmes Into Health Systems: Cervical Cancer Prevention, Care And Control In Rwanda, Agnes Binagwaho, Fidele Ngabo, Claire M. Wagner, Cathy Mugeni, Maurice Gatera, Cameron T. Nutt, Sabin Nsanzimana

Dartmouth Scholarship

PROBLEM: Although it is highly preventable and treatable, cervical cancer is the most common and most deadly cancer among women in Rwanda.

APPROACH: By mobilizing a diverse coalition of partnerships, Rwanda became the first country in Africa to develop and implement a national strategic plan for cervical cancer prevention, screening and treatment.

LOCAL SETTING: Rwanda - a small, landlocked nation in East Africa with a population of 10.4 million - is well positioned to tackle a number of "high-burden" noncommunicable diseases. The country's integrated response to infectious diseases has resulted in steep declines in premature mortality over the past decade. …

Long-Term Outcome Of Primary External Dacryocystorhinostomy, Rashid Baig, Qazi Assad Khan, Khabir Ahmad

Department of Surgery Docs

bstract

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the long-term functional outcome of external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in terms of epiphora.

STUDY DESIGN:

Single-group cohort study.

PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY:

Section of Ophthalmology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2000 to June 2010.

METHODOLOGY:

This study included adults who underwent external DCR surgery at the AKUH during January 2000 to June 2010. The main outcome measure was the proportion of patients reporting to have developed epiphora after surgery. During the telephonic interviews participants were asked if they had a recurrence (symptoms such as watering or discharge) after surgery. Individuals answering in affirmative …

Pharmacognostic Evaluation Of Heliotropium Peruvianum L.: A Homoeopathic Drug, P Subramanian, P Rao, P Sudhakar, T Reddy, P Reddy

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Heliotropium peruvianum L., popularly known as "Heliotrope" in English, is a trailing plant belonging to the family Boraginaceae. The leaves and young aerial parts are used as medicine in headache, tension in inner canthus, pressure in the pit of stomach and sternum, uterine displacement and dysmenorrhoea. Objective: Pharmacognostic and Physico-chemical studies were carried out to facilitate use of correct species and standard raw material to ensure uniformity. Materials and Methods: Pharmacognostic studies of leaf and young stem of Heliotropium peruvianum were carried out. Physico-chemical parameters of the raw drug, viz., extractive values, ash values, formulation, besides weight per milliliter, …

A Multi-Centric Double-Blind Homoeopathic Pathogenetic Trial Of Cyclosporin, Goutam Rakshit, A Vichitra, Rajpal Rajpal, Sujata Choudhury, Vinay Singh

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Objective : To elicit the pathogenetic response of the drug Cyclosporin in homoeopathic potencies on apparently healthy human beings. Material and Methods : The drug Cyclosporin was proved by the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy through double-blind placebo-controlled trial. The study was conducted in two centres. The drug was proved in two potencies (6C and 30C) on 50 apparently healthy volunteers who were selected after conducting pre-trial medical examinations by the medical specialists and routine laboratory investigations. In the first phase the volunteers were given 56 doses (4 doses per day for 14 days) of placebo. In the next …