Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Global Health And Nursing, Heather Trane, Dr. Lynn Clark Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

A key component of the nursing profession is a lifelong commitment to learning with an emphasis on evidence-based practice. Research finds new data everyday as the world is constantly changing. For nurses to provide the best possible care to patients, they need to be up to date on the latest research findings.

Analysis Of Relationships Between Siblings And Children With Disabilities, Cassandra Perry, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In recent decades, the impact of sibling relationships on an individual have been found to be significant1 and for siblings of children with disabilities (CWDs), that impact has carried a negative tint; with struggles related to maladjustment, behavioral problems, and a stressful change in responsibilities2.

Becoming Mothers And Fathers: The Perspectives Of New Parents, Tawny Thomas, Dr. Lynn Clark Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Globally, birth is a significant event in the lives of childbearing parents. Understanding the perceptions of new mothers and fathers and their satisfaction with health care enlightens health care providers about parents’ responses to birth, their specific needs during that time, and actions health care providers can implement to provide the most ideal experience possible during this exciting and important event. “There is a need for increased knowledge of the perspective of childbearing families as they make the transition to parenthood” (Hickok, 2007, p. 5). This study is important to health care providers as it provides insight into the perceptions …

Memory Training For Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Charlotte A. Allsop, Dr. Barbara Heise

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Dementia is manifested by a severely limited memory and performance of cognitive abilities. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is an early stage of memory loss which can later lead to Dementia. It has been proven that you can delay cognitive dysfunction, e.g. memory, by “training the brain” through various cognitive exercises. However, those with MCI are difficult to detect because their memory loss is subtle. The purpose of this study is to first, enhance MCI recognition in elderly individuals and second, to determine the efficacy of memory training in the community.

The Lived Experience Of Single Parents Raising Children With Disabilities: A Pilot Study, Janel Marx, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Raising a child with disabilities (CWD) presents a unique experience and oftentimes is accompanied with many challenges. It not only takes a lot time and money, but can also be physically exhausting (Green, 2007). This responsibility is often distributed between two parents: a father and a mother. However, in some cases, caring for a CWD becomes the sole responsibility of one parent, due to divorce, death of a parent, or absence of marriage. In fact, according to recent data, a CWD is more likely to grow up in a single-parent household than a child without disabilities (Cohen, 2006).

Simulation In Nursing Education To Stimulate Critical Thinking, Katrina Duncan, Dr. Patricia Ravert

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Recent studies have shown that only 35% of new registered nurse graduates demonstrate appropriate entry expectations for critical thinking and clinical judgment . As the present nursing shortage continues to escalate, adequate preparation of new graduate nurses becomes ever more important. Simulation is used in nursing education to prepare nurses prior to the clinical setting. It utilizes the principle explained by Confucius when he said “I hear and I forget, I see and I remember, I do and I understand.” Simulation provides the opportunity to apply the classroom and textbook learning in a safe environment so that students may fully …

The Effects Of Spoken And Written Words On The Fermentation And Decomposition Process Of Rice, Janae Devika, Dr. Glenda Christiaens

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Many studies have shown a relationship between positive words and enhanced health. In 2005 Masauro Emoto published a book “The Hidden Messages in Water” that gained popularity throughout the world. Emoto collected water samples, exposed them to positive or negative words, and then froze them. He then analyzed the frozen water crystals and photographed and categorized them. The book has many examples of crystals treated with positive and negative words. The crystals exposed to positive words appear to be more organized and have more aesthetic appeal than did the crystals treated with negative words.

Giving Birth: Australian Women’S Voices, Melody Kuhre, Dr. Lynn Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Giving birth is a life changing experience for women throughout the world. While its significance is universal, women’s perceptions of childbearing are unique depending on their socio-cultural context. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to describe the unique perceptions of childbearing women in Australia. Our research question was, what is the meaning of giving birth to Australian women?

Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Sids In A Brazilian Population, Tania Maria Albuquerque De Oliveira, Catherine Coverston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My original research was actually directed at African Americans in urban Utah. Research shows that even 15 years after the Back-to-Sleep Campaign (a national campaign focused on teaching best practices of infant sleep and care), African Americans still experience the highest incidence of SIDS (Sudden Infant Syndrome Death). This is due to the lack of trust when it comes to following medical advice as well as traditions that are hard to let go. I had a facilitator and a group of subjects that could be a part of my research project, but I was unaware of the barriers I would …

Parents’ Perceptions Of Pediatric Diabetes Management Clinic Practices Using The American Academy Of Pediatrics Guidelines, Lisa Smith, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The American Academy of Pediatrics established a standard of care for children with chronic conditions in order to improve patient and family outcomes. Standards for medical care emphasize the care being 1)accessible, 2)continuous, 3)comprehensive, 4)family-centered, 5)coordinated, 6)compassionate, and 7)culturally effective. However, very little research has examined how well pediatric specialty clinics meet these AAP standards. The impact of services is critical to the well-being of the child and the family. Therefore, this study analyzes parent evaluations of Pediatric Diabetes Management Clinics (PDMC) in Utah. By analyzing the PDMCs according to the AAP’s standards, staff will be better able to ensure …

Patient Safety In The Cardiac Operating Room: Human Factors And Teamwork: A Scientific Study From The American Heart Association, Joyce A. Wahr, Richard L. Prager, J. H. Abernathy Iii, Elizabeth A. Martinez, Eduardo Salas, Patricia C. Seifert, Robert C. Groom, Bruce D. Spiess, Bruce E. Searles, Thoralf M. Sundt Iii, Juan A. Sanchez, Scott A. Shappell, Michael H. Culig, Elizabeth H. Lazzara, David C. Fitzgerald, Vinod H. Thourani, Pirooz Eghtesady, John S. Ikonomidis, Michael R. England, Frank W. Selke, Nancy A. Nussmeier

Publications

The cardiac surgical operating room (OR) is a complex environment in which highly trained subspecialists interact with each other using sophisticated equipment to care for patients with severe cardiac disease and significant comorbidities. Thousands of patient lives have been saved or significantly improved with the advent of modern cardiac surgery. Indeed, both mortality and morbidity for coronary artery bypass surgery have decreased during the past decade. Nonetheless, the highly skilled and dedicated personnel in cardiac ORs are human and will make errors. Refined techniques, advanced technologies, and enhanced coordination of care have led to significant improvements in cardiac surgery outcomes.

Effects Of Environmental Factors And Nutrient Availability On The Biochemical Composition Of Algae For Biofuels Production: A Review, Ankita Juneja, Ruben Michael Ceballos, Ganti S. Murthy

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Due to significant lipid and carbohydrate production as well as other useful properties such as high production of useful biomolecular substrates (e.g., lipids) and the ability to grow using non-potable water sources, algae are being explored as a potential high-yield feedstock for biofuels production. In both natural and engineered systems, algae can be exposed to a variety of environmental conditions that affect growth rate and cellular composition. With respect to the latter, the amount of carbon fixed in lipids and carbohydrates (e.g., starch) is highly influenced by environmental factors and nutrient availability. Understanding synergistic interactions between multiple environmental variables and …

Ada News - 09/02/2013, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Antimycobacterial And Photosynthetic Electron Transport Inhibiting Activity Of Ring-Substituted 4-Arylamino-7-Chloroquinolinium Chlorides, Jan Otrevel, Pavel Bobal, Iveta Zadrazilova, Rodeney Govender, Matus Pesko, Stanislava Keltosova, Petra Koleckarova, Petr Marsalek, Ales Imramovsky, Aidan Coffey, Jim O'Mahony, Peter Kollar, Alois Cizek, Katarina Kralova, Josef Jampilek

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

In this study, a series of twenty-five ring-substituted 4-arylamino-7-chloroquinolinium chlorides were prepared and characterized. The compounds were tested for their activity related to inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport (PET) in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplasts and also primary in vitro screening of the synthesized compounds was performed against mycobacterial species. 4-[(2-Bromophenyl)amino]-7-chloroquinolinium chloride showed high biological activity against M. marinum, M. kansasii, M. smegmatis and 7-chloro-4-[(2-methylphenyl)amino]quinolinium chloride demonstrated noteworthy biological activity against M. smegmatis and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. The most effective compounds demonstrated quite low toxicity (LD₅₀ > 20 μmol/L) against the human monocytic leukemia THP-1 cell line within preliminary …

What's Happening: September 2, 2013, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Nontraumatic Dental Condition-Related Visits To Emergency Departments On Weekdays, Weekends And Night Hours: Findings From The National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Christopher Okunseri, Elaye Okunseri, Melissa Christine Fischer, Saba Noori Sadeghi, Qun Xiang, Aniko Szabo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To determine whether the rates of nontraumatic dental condition (NTDC)-related emergency department (ED) visits are higher during the typical working hours of dental offices and lower during night hours, as well as the associated factors.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for 1997 through 2007 using multivariate binary and polytomous logistic regression adjusted for survey design to determine the effect of predictors on specified outcome variables.

Results: Overall, 4,726 observations representing 16.4 million NTDC-related ED visits were identified. Significant differences in rates of NTDC-related ED visits were observed with 40%–50% higher rates during …

A Comparative Cytotoxic Evaluation Of Acrylamide And Diacetone Acrylamide To Investigate Their Suitability For Holographic Photopolymer Formulations, Dervil Cody, Alan Casey, Izabela Naydenova, Emilia Mihaylova

Articles

The comparative cytotoxic evaluation of two monomers Diacetone Acrylamide (DA) and Acrylamide (AA), used in holographic photopolymer formulations, is reported. Two normal cell lines were used: BEAS-2B and HaCaT. Cellular viability was assessed using the MTT assay for three different exposure times. A difference of two orders of magnitude is observed in the Lethal Dose (LD50) concentrations of the two monomers. Diacetone Acrylamide exhibits a significantly lower toxicity profile in comparison to Acrylamide at all exposure times. This result justifies the replacement of Acrylamide with Diacetone Acrylamide in the photopolymer formulation, with the view to reducing occupational hazard risks for …

Effects Of Fatty Acids And Glycation On Drug Interactions With Human Serum Albumin, Jeanethe Anguizola, Sara B. G. Basiaga, David S. Hage

David Hage Publications

The presence of elevated glucose concentrations in diabetes is a metabolic change that leads to an increase in the amount of non-enzymatic glycation that occurs for serum proteins. One protein that is affected by this process is the main serum protein, human serum albumin (HSA), which is also an important carrier agent for many drugs and fatty acids in the circulatory system. Sulfonylurea drugs, used to treat type 2 diabetes, are known to have significant binding to HSA. This study employed ultrafiltration and high-performance affinity chromatography to examine the effects of HSA glycation on the interactions of several sulfonylurea drugs …

Preosteocytes/Osteocytes Have The Potential To Dedifferentiate Becoming A Source Of Osteoblasts, Elena Torreggiani, Brya G. Matthews, Slavica Pejda, Igor Matic, Danka Grcevic, Mark C. Horowitz, Ivo Kalajzic

UCHC Articles - Research

Presently there is no clear evidence for the ability of mature osteogenic lineage cells to dedifferentiate. In order to identify and trace mature osteogenic lineage cells, we have utilized transgenic mouse models in which the dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1) promoter drives expression of GFP (active marker) or Cre recombinase (historic label) in preosteocytes/osteocytes. In long bone chip outgrowth cultures, in which cells on the bone surface were enzymatically removed, cells with previous activity of the Dmp1 promoter migrated onto plastic and down-regulated Dmp1-GFP expression. Dmp1Cre-labeled cells from these cultures had the potential to re-differentiate into the osteogenic lineage, while …

Department Of Surgery Update, September 2013, Wright State University Department Of Surgery

Department of Surgery Updates

A two page newsletter created by the Department of Surgery documenting changes to the department. This issue contains a message from the chair, a list of important dates, committee meetings, scholarly activity and more.

Faculty Fellows 2013-2014, Place

PLACE Historical Documents

This document provides biographies of PLACE faculty fellows at Linfield College for 2013-2014.

Student Fellows 2013-2014, Place

PLACE Historical Documents

This document provides biographies of PLACE student fellows at Linfield College for 2013-2014.

Legacies Of War, Place

PLACE Historical Documents

This document explains the PLACE theme at Linfield College for 2013-2014 (Legacies of War).

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 15 No. 5 (September/October 2013), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Anger Awareness And Expression Training Versus Relaxation Training On Headaches: A Randomized Trial, Olga Slavin-Spenny, Mark A. Lumley, Elyse R. Thakur, Dana C. Nevedal, Alaa M Hijazi

Psychology Faculty Research Publications

Background and purpose: Stress contributes to headaches, and effective interventions for headaches routinely include relaxation training (RT) to directly reduce negative emotions and arousal. Yet, suppressing negative emotions, particularly anger, appears to augment pain, and experimental studies suggest that expressing anger may reduce pain. Therefore, we developed and tested anger awareness and expression training (AAET) on people with headaches.

Methods: Young adults with headaches (N = 147) were randomized to AAET, RT, or a wait-list control. We assessed affect during sessions, and process and outcome variables at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment.

Results: On process measures, …

Resistance Of Human Cytomegalovirus To Cyclopropavir Maps To A Base Pair Deletion In The Open Reading Frame Of Ul97, Brian G. Gentry, Laura E. Vollmer, Ellie D. Hall, Katherine Z. Borysko, Jiri Zemlicka, Jeremy P. Kamil, John C. Drach

Oncology Faculty Publications

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen in the human population, affecting many immunologically immature and immunocompromised patients, and can result in severe complications, such as interstitial pneumonia and mental retardation. Current chemotherapies for the treatment of HCMV infections include ganciclovir (GCV), foscarnet, and cidofovir. However, the high incidences of adverse effects (neutropenia and nephrotoxicity) limit the use of these drugs. Cyclopropavir (CPV), a guanosine nucleoside analog, is 10-fold more active against HCMV than GCV (50% effective concentrations [EC₅₀s] = 0.46 and 4.1 μM, respectively). We hypothesize that the mechanism of action of CPV is similar to that …

Finding Common Ground: Defining And Measuring Provider-Patient Rapport, Gretchen Norling Holmes

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Presentations

Rapport, an important factor in provider-patient communication and a key component of relational communication, has been inconsistently defined in the literature. Additionally, researchers have found it difficult to measure to its complex and often ambiguous nature. This project provides a conceptual and operational definition of rapport, as well, as identifies some of the measurable components of rapport.

A Diffusible Mobile Dental Services Model For Prevention-Focused Outreach For Underserved Children In Rural Communities, Nikki Stone, Frances J. Feltner, Willie Bates

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Presentations

Background: In 2006 a mobile dental outreach program began operating full-time at the UK North Fork Valley Community Health Center in Hazard, Kentucky, a federally-qualified health center administered by the University of Kentucky and located at the UK Center of Excellence in Rural Health. This program continues to provide preventive dental care to children at forty different elementary schools and Head Start centers in a four county area of southeastern Kentucky located in the heart of rural Appalachia. The counties are Leslie, Knott, Letcher and Perry (LKLP), which are part of the Kentucky River Development District and encompass the LKLP …

Peripheral Laser Iridoplasty Opens Angle In Plateau Iris By Thinning The Cross-Sectional Tissues, Ji Liu, Tania Lamba, David A. Belyea

Ophthalmology Faculty Publications

Plateau iris syndrome has been described as persistent angle narrowing or occlusion with intraocular pressure elevation after peripheral iridotomy due to the abnormal plateau iris configuration. Argon laser peripheral iridoplasty (ALPI) is an effective adjunct procedure to treat plateau iris syndrome. Classic theory suggests that the laser causes the contraction of the far peripheral iris stroma, "pulls" the iris away from the angle, and relieves the iris-angle apposition. We report a case of plateau iris syndrome that was successfully treated with ALPI. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography confirmed the angle was open at areas with laser treatment but remained appositionally …

Crystal Structure Of 3wj Core Revealing Divalent Ion-Promoted Thermostability And Assembly Of The Phi29 Hexameric Motor Prna., Hui Zhang, James A. Endrizzi, Yi Shu, Farzin Haque, Claude Sauter, Luda S. Shlyakhtenko, Yuri L. Lyubchenko, Peixuan Guo, Young-In Chi

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

The bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor, one of the strongest biological motors characterized to date, is geared by a packaging RNA (pRNA) ring. When assembled from three RNA fragments, its three-way junction (3WJ) motif is highly thermostable, is resistant to 8 M urea, and remains associated at extremely low concentrations in vitro and in vivo. To elucidate the structural basis for its unusual stability, we solved the crystal structure of this pRNA 3WJ motif at 3.05 Å. The structure revealed two divalent metal ions that coordinate 4 nt of the RNA fragments. Single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) analysis confirmed …