Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Neuroprotective Effect Of Arctigenin Via Upregulation Of P-Creb In Mouse Primary Neurons And Human Sh-Sy5y Neuroblastoma Cells., Nan Zhang, Qingping Wen, Lu Ren, Wenbo Liang, Yang Xia, Xiaodan Zhang, Dan Zhao, Dong Sun, Yv Hu, Haiguang Hao, Yaping Yan, Guangxian Zhang, Jingxian Yang, Tingguo Kang

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Arctigenin (Arc) has been shown to act on scopolamine-induced memory deficit mice and to provide a neuroprotective effect on cultured cortical neurons from glutamate-induced neurodegeneration through mechanisms not completely defined. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Arc on H89-induced cell damage and its potential mechanisms in mouse cortical neurons and human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. We found that Arc prevented cell viability loss induced by H89 in human SH-SY5Y cells. Moreover, Arc reduced intracellular beta amyloid (Aβ) production induced by H89 in neurons and human SH-SY5Y cells, and Arc also inhibited the presenilin 1(PS1) protein level in neurons. In addition, …

What's Happening: September 9, 2013, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Pneumonia Pathway Effects On Hospital Readmission Rates, Maribeth Kelly, Msn, Rn, Pccn, Raymond Malloy, Mha, Rrt, Brian Glynn, Bs, Rrt

Department of Nursing papers and presentations

Purpose

There are inconsistencies in treating inpatients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and providing adequate post

discharge follow-up contributing to significant hospital readmission rates and increased health care costs. Our null hypothesis for this study was that the use of a pneumonia care pathway will have a significant effect on hospital readmission rates.

Effects Of Pharmacotherapy On Children With Autism And Their Families, Kelli Arnesen, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Autism spectrum disorders have been diagnosed more than ever before in children, and a cure is yet to be found. Until a cure is discovered, families must depend on health care professionals to aid in the management of autism, which includes pharmacological measures. The medications used to treat autism are only used to treat the symptoms of autism; they do not treat the disorder itself (Tuchman 2003). There are a wide variety of pharmacotherapies used to treat autism. The goal of my project was to determine commonly used medications to treat some of the common symptoms of autism and how …

Support Of Laboring Mothers In Argentina, Melissa Pickett, Dr. Lynn C. Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The College of Nursing expects students to provide care for patients globally in other cultures as well as patients in our own country. Learning how to meet the mothers’ needs from Argentina will inform health care professionals how to provide the best care to mothers whose newborns are in the NICU. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to gain understanding of the experiences of Argentine mothers who gave birth to newborns who were receiving care in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Mean Oxygen Saturation In Well Neonates At 4498 Feet, Laura Hess, Dr. Patricia Ravert

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Oxygen saturation is an important indicator of the overall health of a newborn, so important that it is considered a vital sign. The normal limit for oxygen saturation (SpO2) in babies born at lower altitudes is 90-100%. Anything less than 90% is considered a sign that the infant is not receiving enough oxygen. At this time, the mean oxygen saturation level of well neonates born at higher altitudes (above 4498 ft) is not known. Infants who have SpO2 measurements of less than 92% without symptoms of respiratory distress may be treated with oxygen and infants may even go home with …

Description Of Low-Birth Weight Neonates Height, Weight, And Occipital Frontal Circumference Measurements In Utah, Alene Duersch Cutler, Dr. Debra Mills

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In previous studies, it has been shown that some aspects of growth differ among children who are below considered normal birth weight when compared to children of average birth weight. It is noted that for healthcare providers to apply helpful interventions, more understanding of the actual definition of growth in premature infants needs to be gained. The better providers understand this growth, more appropriate interventions can be identified to help aid these children as they continue to grow and develop. Parents/guardians of severely premature infants can also be advised of possible growth deficits that may occur in the future and …

Effectiveness Of Hospital Procedures For Insuring The Uninsured In The Salt Lake Area, Holly Barnett, Dr, Erin Maughan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Utah currently offers several government-funded insurance programs to help insure its residents who would otherwise go without. Despite the implementation of these programs, 18.9% of adults and 10% of children live in Utah without medical insurance (MSNBC Interactive, Utah Department of Health). This group of uninsured adults and children are at greater risk for delayed care, resulting in an increased likelihood for advanced illness and, therefore, decreased health (Ayanian et al, 2000). For this reason, it is important to identify those Utah residents not covered under a medical insurance policy and connect them with the proper programs. The hospital is …

Assessing Hand Washing Techniques Among Nurses In Ecuador, Cora Yoose, Dr. Ana Birkhead

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is described as infection acquired in a hospital or healthcare setting. HAI is a problem in the health care setting that can be drastically curtailed by the implementation of proper hand hygiene practice. Increased cost of care for patients and the increased incidence of death are associated with HAI. Hand washing is the single most important measure to prevent transmission of infection. Indeed, hand hygiene is a very simple and cost effective way to prevent HAI.

Understanding Factors That Influence Quality Of Life In Young Adults With Chronic Pain, Sarah Hocking, Dr. Jane Lassetter

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Chronic pain is a prevalent condition among adults of all ages. It has been estimated that between a quarter and a third of older adults experience chronic pain (Donald & Foy, 2004). The chronic pain experience of older adults has been the subject of much research (Schofield, Ryan, & Clarke, 2006; Hopman-Rock, Kraaimaat, & Billsma, 1997). Less research exists on the chronic pain experience of young adults with chronic pain, although young adults represent a significant number of chronic pain sufferers.

Perceptions Of Parents Raising A Child With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Megan Hallam, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of my study was to examine gender differences in mothers’ and fathers’ perceptions of raising a child with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Set in the intermountain west, the study used a qualitative descriptive approach to analyze 13 parent interviews conducted over the telephone (7 mothers and 6 fathers), which were transcribed verbatim and analyzed for themes using appropriate qualitative methodology. I created a script for the questionnaire consisting of seven main questions with additional probe questions I could use to glean more information from the interviews. After I transcribed the interviews, I grouped the answers to each question …

The Experiences Of Fathers Raising A Child Who Has A Disability, Michelle Groesbeck, Dr. Barbara Mandleco

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The presence of a child with a chronic disability is often considered a major stressor, imposing profound effects on families. Currently, between 5-31% of children in the United States are afflicted with chronic disability; a trend that is deeply impacting families and society as expanding technology increases life expectancy for these children1. A number of studies have focused on families raising a child with a disability, but minimal information has been obtained about fathers and their experiences. The purpose of this project was to gain information about challenges and concerns fathers have along with resources they have utilized in raising …

Perceptions Of Childbirth Among The Women Of Geelong, Australia, Thacker Shelley, Dr. Lynn Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Previous research on labor and birth in Australia has focused on mortality rates in hospitals and birthing centers. Gathering qualitative research is important to improve nurses’ culturally based care towards childbearing women. I knew of Dr. Callister’s similar research in various countries. I was in the process of applying to study in Australia with the college of nursing, and she expressed that neither she nor any students had previously conducted this research in Australia. I then made preparations to find women who would be willing to interview while I was studying there for one month.

Writing Apprehension And The Impact On Learning In Undergraduate Nursing Students, Alicia Anderson, Dr. Lynn Clark Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Nursing requires critical thinking to provide effective patient care. “The production of clear, accurate, and relevant writing is an essential competency in nursing.” Undergraduate nursing students learn to enhance their writing skills in a nursing research/advanced writing course taken during the program. Those students who do not enjoy writing most likely struggle with writing papers and often do not learn anything from the subject material or gain any critical thinking skills from writing in general. It is hoped through this course, students may gain a greater understanding and appreciation of writing to write effectively without apprehensions.

Perceptions Of Childbirth Among Women In The Ashanti Region Of Ghana, Stephen Wilkinson, Dr. Lynn Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The topic of my research evolved out of a desire to do a field study in Ghana through Brigham Young University’s Kennedy Center for International Studies. As I researched health care issues in the Ashanti Region, I discovered that many of the medical challenges that people in West Africa face are related to perinatal care. I was aware of Dr. Callister’s research on cultural aspects of childbirth and when I approached her about this project, she readily agreed to be my mentor, expressing her belief that this research could make a unique contribution to the growing literature regarding culturally competent …

Support Of Laboring Mothers In Argentina, Melissa Pickett, Dr. Lynn C. Callister

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The College of Nursing expects students to provide care for patients globally in other cultures as well as patients in our own country. Learning how to meet the mothers’ needs from Argentina will inform health care professionals how to provide the best care to mothers whose newborns are in the NICU. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to gain understanding of the experiences of Argentine mothers who gave birth to newborns who were receiving care in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Psmb9 Codon 60 Polymorphisms Have No Impact On The Activity Of The Immunoproteasome Catalytic Subunit B1i Expressed In Multiple Types Of Solid Cancer, Ji Eun Park, Lin Ao, Zachary Miller, Kyungbo Kim, Ying Wu, Eun Ryoung Jang, Eun Young Lee, Kyung Bo Kim, Wooin Lee

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The proteasome is a key regulator of cellular protein homeostasis and is a clinically validated anticancer target. The immunoproteasome, a subtype of proteasome expressed mainly in hematopoietic cells, was initially recognized for its role in antigen presentation during the immune response. Recently, the immunoproteasome has been implicated in several disease conditions including cancer and autoimmune disorders, but many of the factors contributing to these pathological processes remain unknown. In particular, the codon 60 polymorphism of the PSMB9 gene encoding the β1i immunoproteasome catalytic subunit has been investigated in the context of a variety of diseases. Despite this, previous studies have …

Centrosomal Kinase Nek2 Cooperates With Oncogenic Pathways To Promote Metastasis, T K. Das, Dibyendu Dana, Suneeta S. Paroly, S. K. Perumal, S. Singh, H. Jhun, J. Pendse, R. L. Cagan, T. T. Talele, Sanjai Kumar

Publications and Research

Centrosomal kinase Nek2 is overexpressed in different cancers, yet how it contributes toward tumorigenesis remains poorly understood. dNek2 overexpression in a Drosophila melanogaster model led to upregulation of Drosophila Wnt ortholog wingless (Wg), and alteration of cell migration markers—Rho1, Rac1 and E-cadherin (Ecad)—resulting in changes in cell shape and tissue morphogenesis. dNek2 overexpression cooperated with receptor tyrosine kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling to upregulate activated Akt, Diap1, Mmp1 and Wg protein to promote local invasion, distant seeding and metastasis. In tumor cell injection assays, dNek2 cooperated with Ras and Src signaling to promote aggressive colonization of tumors into different …

The Flexible Fairness: Equality, Earned Entitlement, And Self-Interest, Chunliang Feng, Yi Luo, Ruolei Gu, Lucas S. Broster, Xueyi Shen, Tengxiang Tian, Yue-Jia Luo, Frank Krueger

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

The current study explored whether earned entitlement modulated the perception of fairness in three experiments. A preliminary resource earning task was added before players decided how to allocate the resource they jointly earned. Participants' decision in allocation, their responses to equal or unequal offers, whether advantageous or disadvantageous, and subjective ratings of fairness were all assessed in the current study. Behavioral results revealed that participants proposed more generous offers and showed enhanced tolerance to disadvantageous unequal offers from others when they performed worse than their presumed "partners," while the reverse was true in the better-performance condition. The subjective ratings also …

Perceptions Of Public Health Nurses In Taiwan, Meagan Astill, Dr. Erin Maughan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The importance of health promotion and disease prevention, primary focuses for public health nurses, has been a source of debate between medical professionals, many of whom focus only on the biomedical aspects of health care rather than ‘holistic’ care (Mino, 2005). The public health nurse is at the center of this age old argument for directing efforts toward preventative care versus curative care (Brock, 1976), serving as a primary educator and encourager in patients’ lives to help them implement preventative care practices. While the public health nurse addresses the immediate needs of the individuals, the basic principles of public health …

What Critical Resources Do Hispanic Women Of Childbearing Age In Utah Need To Promote Adequate Health Care Practices?, Teresa Paredes, Dr. Ana Birkhead

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The health care practices of Hispanic childbearing age women in Utah affect the overall health care system in Utah. We believe immigrant Hispanic women lack resources (i.e. education, cultural, transportation) to take care of their health and their families. My mentor and I believe the lack of these resources influence Hispanic women’s health status and access to adequate health care. It is crucial for immigrant Hispanic women in Utah to obtain culturally sensitive resources in their communities that will help them learn how to care for their own health and the well-being of their families.

Retention Of Emergency Care Knowledge Among Nursing Students, Alanna R. Rowley, Dr. Sheri P. Palmer

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Much focus has been placed on studying cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) retention among nurses, but little has been done to understand the retention of emergency care/first-aid knowledge among undergraduate nursing students. Even though nursing students are educated in basic emergency care and first-aid throughout school, it “does not guarantee that [they] will be competent when faced with an emergency” (Berckes, 1984). The Berckes study (1984) shows that after only three months there was a three percent decrease in emergency care knowledge/first-aid retention. This finding was statistically significant but not drastic. Since recertification requirements range from one to two years, it was …

Developing An Instrument To Measure Vaccine Hesitancy, Neil Peterson, Dr. Beth Luthy

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of this project was to develop an instrument to accurately measure vaccine hesitancy in parents of school-aged children. Utah consistently ranks below the national immunization rate average in numerous vaccine categories1. Immunization exemptions in Utah more than doubled between 1997 and 20042. To address vaccine hesitancy, an instrument must be developed to gauge why parents are reluctant to maintain the immunization schedule. The development of this instrument will then be used to understand vaccine hesitancy and steps can be taken to address this growing problem.

Developmental Therapies For Preterm Infants In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit In Argentina, Kathryn Millar, Catherine Coverston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The development of immature physiologic systems in preterm infants is compromised as they experience the environment of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Without interventions to recreate an intrauterine environment, the infant experiences delayed development and morbidities including hearing loss, retinopathy, decreased neurodevelopment, and impaired motor function.

Vitamin B12 Supplementation In Trea Ting Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Ehsan Ullah Syed, Mohammad Wasay, Safia Awan

Department of Medicine

Recent literature has identified links between vitamin B12 deficiency and depression. We compared the clinical response of SSRI-monotherapy with that of B12-augmentation in a sample of depressed patients with low normal B12 levels who responded inadequately to the first trial with the SSRIs. Methods: Patients with depression and low normal B12 levels were randomized to a control arm (antidepressant only) or treatment arm (antidepressants and injectable vitamin B12 supplementation). Results: A total of 199 depressed patients were screened. Out of 73 patients with low normal B12 levels 34 (47%) were randomized to the treatment group while 39 (53%) …

Westerfield, William Peter, 1835-1916 (Mss 471), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 471. Diaries of William P. Westerfield, a Rochester, Butler County, Kentucky physician, recording the weather and local events from 1895-1915. Includes some Westerfield family data.

Src Family Protein Tyrosine Kinase Regulates The Basolateral K Channel In The Distal Convoluted Tubule (Dct) By Phosphorylation Of Kcnj10 Protein, Chengbiao Zhang, Lijun Wang, Sherin Thomas, Kemeng Wang, Dao-Hong Lin, Jesse Rinehart, Wen-Hui Wang

NYMC Faculty Publications

The loss of function of the basolateral K channels in the distal nephron causes electrolyte imbalance. The aim of this study is to examine the role of Src family protein tyrosine kinase (SFK) in regulating K channels in the basolateral membrane of the mouse initial distal convoluted tubule (DCT1). Single-channel recordings confirmed that the 40-picosiemen (pS) K channel was the only type of K channel in the basolateral membrane of DCT1. The suppression of SFK reversibly inhibited the basolateral 40-pS K channel activity in cell-attached patches and decreased the Ba(2+)-sensitive whole-cell K currents in DCT1. Inhibition of SFK also shifted …

Mandatory Nurse-Patient Ratios And Nursing Outcomes Related To Patient Falls, Lillian Kathleen Roberts

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

The issue of mandatory nurse-patient ratios remains controversial among many vested stakeholders, including nurses, patients, physicians, unions, nursing organizations, researchers, employers (in particular hospitals), and federal and state governments (Douglas, 2010). The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between patient falls and day-to-day, shift-to-shift variations in unit level staffing on the Medical / Surgical Unit at a small hospital in the southern area of the country. The goal of the study was to examine the association between nurse-patient ratios and patient outcomes as it relates to a culture of safety. Over a three month period from January …

Environmental Health And Safety Risks Associated With Off-Campus Student Tenant Housing, Emily West, Eugene Cole

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The multi-unit rental dwelling typically presents a variety of health and safety concerns that may result in illness and/or injury. Although any dwelling is susceptible to such problems, rental properties are at a greater risk, typically through lack of routine maintenance and repair on the part of landlords. The student population at Brigham Young University (BYU) is particularly disempowered when it comes to safe housing options. This is due to several factors including a rule instituted by the university that all students living off-campus must live in housing that has been approved by the BYU Office of Off-campus Housing. The …

Prevalence Of Stress, Anxiety, And Depression Among Byu Students According To Levels Of Physical Activity, Curtis Read, Dr. Ray Merrill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Studies have shown that regular physical activity reduces stress, anxiety, and feelings of depression and loneliness, and improves mood and psychological well-being , . Much of the research to date has focused on youth grades K-12 and adults in the workplace. Because of the diverse nature of college life compared to that of the workplace or grade school, policy for promoting wellness is typically directed towards the latter, and information on student wellness at the university level is lacking. This study initially sought to give further understanding to health educators on the effects of physical activity on stress levels among …