Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Cost Estimation Of Hepatitis B Vaccinationprogram For Health Care Workers Ofking Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, W. Jaimjarasrangsi, A. Kalayanachati, S. Phancharoen

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Nevada "Nurselessness": An Acute Or Chronic Condition? An Examination Of The Etiology And Possible Treatment Alternatives, Jeanine Warren-Newmon

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Data released by the Department of Health and Human Services in February, 2001, revealed that Nevada has the lowest number of registered nurses per 100,000 population in the nation. The state’s population is growing faster than the nursing programs are currently able to produce new graduates. Current predictions are that the existing nursing shortage will become more severe and have a longer duration than has ever before been experienced. While there may not be one single identifiable causative factor, the aging nursing workforce, low unemployment, and the universal nature of the shortage magnify the problem. This paper focuses on the …

Factors Influencing Treatment Patterns In Breast Cancer Patients Age 75 And Over, Arti Hurria, Denis H. Y. Leung, Kathleen Trainor, Patrick Borgen, Larry Norton, Clifford Hudis

Research Collection School Of Economics

To retrospectively determine the factors influencing treatment decisions in older breast cancer patients at a single center. Experimental Design: 216 patients age > or = 75 seen in post-treatment follow-up between January, 1997 and June, 2000 were identified in the Memorial Sloan-Kettering breast cancer database. Eligible patients were > or = 75 years old at diagnosis, had a diagnosis of stage I, II, or III breast cancer, and received their follow-up care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. A retrospective chart review was performed. Patients were stratified by: (1) prognostic factors (age (75-79 or > or = 80), Charlson comorbidity score, tumor size, …

An Investigation Of Pre-Nursing And Second-Year Baccalaureate Nursing Students' Perception Of Spirituality, Jacquelyn Kay R. Williams

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

This pilot study investigated whether spiritual care education is a part of the baccalaureate nursing curriculum at a south Texas university. This study used two standardized scales to compare the pre-nursing students' and senior baccalaureate nursing students' attitude about spirituality at different levels in the nursing program. Two quantitative questionnaires were used to investigate the nursing students' personal spiritual involvement and beliefs and their opinions about the spiritual role of the nurse in meeting patient spiritual needs. No statistically significant differences in the two group's personal spiritual involvement and beliefs were found. Statistically significant differences were found in the opinions …

Comparison Of Written And Oral Examinations In A Baccalaureate Medical-Surgical, Patricia Rushton, Dennis L. Eggett

Faculty Publications

Nursing students traditionally have been evaluated with an objective written examination. This method has shown some benefits and disadvantages. This project examined the value of oral examinations in evaluating nursing students. Five groups of students were evaluated with different forms of testing, some with only written tests, others with only oral examinations, some with a combination of both types of evaluations. The results showed that oral examinations can effectively evaluate the student's comprehension and application of clinical information in a clinical situation, as shown in higher test results, compared with oral written examinations, and positive student comments. Oral examination can …

Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization Induces Cell Death In A Mitochondrion-Dependent Fashion, Patricia Boya, Karine Andreau, Delphine Poncet, Naoufal Zamzami, Jean-Luc Perfettini, Didier Metivier, David M. Ojcius, Marja Jäättelä, Guido Kroemer

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

A number of diseases are due to lysosomal destabilization, which results in damaging cell loss. To investigate the mechanisms of lysosomal cell death, we characterized the cytotoxic action of two widely used quinolone antibiotics: ciprofloxacin (CPX) or norfloxacin (NFX). CPX or NFX plus UV light (NFX*) induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), as detected by the release of cathepsins from lysosomes. Inhibition of the lysosomal accumulation of CPX or NFX suppresses their capacity to induce LMP and to kill cells. CPX- or NFX-triggered LMP results in caspase-independent cell death, with hallmarks of apoptosis such as chromatin condensation and phosphatidylserine exposure on …

Parent-Adolescent Communication About Sex: Retrospective Reports By Latino College Students, Marcela Raffaelli, Stephanie Green

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Latina female (n = 97) and Latino male (n = 69) college students (M age =21.4 years) completed self-report surveys regarding family of origin experiences, including sexual communication with parents while growing up. Latino parents of this comparatively highly educated sample tended to use direct rather than indirect strategies for communicating about sexuality with their children. Young women reported higher levels of sexual communication with mothers while growing up than did young men, and respondents reported less communication with fathers than mothers. Among young women, sexual communication with mother was positively associated with non-Mexican origin and negatively associated with having …

Inside Unlv, Gian Galassi, Richard Morgan, Carol C. Harter

Inside UNLV

No abstract provided.

Portion Distortion Plays A Major Role In The American Obesity Epidemic, Amanda Kay Larsen

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the American population is on the rise. This epidemic can be attributed to an increase in energy intake. Research has shown that increased consumption is associated with both individual and societal factors including an increase in the size of portions, the influence of the food industry, and confusion on the part of the consumer. The findings indicate that dietitians and other healthcare providers need to do their part by informing society of the importance of decreasing portions and helping the consumer recognize appropriate portion sizes.

Alpha-Toxin Is Required For Biofilm Formation By Staphylococcus Aureus, Nicky C. Caiazza, George A. O'Toole

Dartmouth Scholarship

Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. It can persist in clinical settings and gain increased resistance to antimicrobial agents through biofilm formation. We have found that alpha-toxin, a secreted, multimeric, hemolytic toxin encoded by the hla gene, plays an integral role in biofilm formation. The hla mutant was unable to fully colonize plastic surfaces under both static and flow conditions. Based on microscopy studies, we propose that alpha-hemolysin is required for cell-to-cell interactions during biofilm formation.

Protection Of Pifithrin-Α And Melatonin Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity., Xuwan Liu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current studies were designed to explore the protective effects of pifithrin-α and melatonin against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Doxorubicin was injected at a dose of 22.5 mg/kg (i.p.) in mice to induce cardiotoxic effects. Meanwhile, doxorubicin caused a significant increase of cardiac cell apoptosis following injection (14.2 ± 1.1% for doxorubicin-5 d vs. 1.8 ± 0.12% for control, P < 0.01). Ribonuclease protection assays and Western blot analyses revealed that doxorubicin upregulated the p53-dependent genes Bax, BclxL, and MDM2 at least 2-fold. p53 was phosphorylated at Ser 15 in mouse hearts 1 h following doxorubicin injection, and p38 and ERK1/2 MAPKs mediated the phosphorylation of p53. In addition, caspases-3 and -9 were activated 24 h after doxorubicin injection. A p53 inhibitor, pifithrin-α, inhibited doxorubicin-induced apoptosis when administered at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg. Pifithrin-α abolished p53 transactivation activity, but did not influence doxorubicin-induced phosphorylation at Ser 15. By effectively inhibiting the expression of p53-dependent genes, pifithrin-α blocked doxorubicin-induced activation of caspases-3 and -9, thereby preventing cardiac apoptosis. In addition, pifithrin-α attenuated doxorubicin-induced structural and functional damages, without diminishing its anti-tumor efficacy on p53-null PC-3 cancer cells. The protective effects of melatonin and its metabolite 6-hydroxymelatonin on doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction were evaluated in an isolated perfused mouse hearts and in vivo doxorubicin-treated mice. While perfusion of mouse hearts with 5 μM doxorubicin for 60 min resulted in a 50% suppression of HRxLVDP and a 50% reduction of coronary flow, pre-exposure of hearts to 1 μM melatonin or 6-hydroxymelatonin eased the cardiac …

The Herbal Supplement Market In The United States: A Look At St. John's Wort, Lorena Lanford

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Herbal supplements have become increasingly popular in United States during the past decade. This trend begs the question: why are so many people turning to supplements?

The increased use of herbal supplementation appears to stem from a public demand for changes in health care. This paper will focus on the regulations placed on the supplement market and the impact that supplementation has on patient care. To illustrate these points, St. John's Wort (SJW) will be examined in detail.

Currently regulation in the United States comes from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and voluntary organizations within the supplement industry, such …

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (Snp) Analysis Of Tumor Necrosis Factor (Tnf)-Α In Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections (Pandas) Subjects, Corinna Wilhelmina Vonniederhausern

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

In an ongoing research project, the Center for Persons with Disabilities at Utah State University, in collaboration with Dr. Susan E. Swedo at the National Institute of Mental Health, is evaluating genetic factors affecting the development of PANDAS (Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infections). PANDAS is manifested in a group of prepubertal children who develop obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) following infection with Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcal (GABHS) bacteria. We are assessing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and other cytokines known to be important in autoimmune diseases.

Human Reliability Analysis In The Performance Of Advanced Cardiac Life Support Tasks, Lucia Veronica Rosas

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

Error reduction in the performance of medical emergency situations is an area of great concern in today's society. This is specially the case when the situation involves a cardiac arrhythmia. These situations are generally categorized as Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) events. The American Heart Association provides the proper procedures that practitioners of ACLS should follow to provide care to patients presenting heart arrhythmia problems. These situations occur inside and outside the hospital, outside the hospital being the most critical ones considering the limitation of equipment and availability of qualified care. Errors made by the practitioners of ACLS in this …

Outbreak Of Sars, Ambreen Shakil, Muhammad Imran Omar, Saba Sohail

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

Adhd: What Educators And Parents Should Know, Jessica J. Foust

Honors Capstones

Capstone submitted as a graduation requirement for the BSU Honors Program.

Toward A Better Understanding Of The Comparatively High Prostate Cancer Incidence Rates In Utah, Ray M. Merrill, Sterling C. Hilton, Jared D. Sturgeon, Charles L. Wiggins

Faculty Publications

This study assesses whether comparatively high prostate cancer incidence rates among white men in Utah represent higher rates among members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormons), who comprise about 70% of the state's male population, and considers the potential influence screening has on these rates. Methods: Analyses are based on 14,693 histologically confirmed invasive prostate cancer cases among men aged 50 years and older identified through the Utah Cancer Registry between 1985 and 1999. Cancer records were linked to LDS Church membership records to determine LDS status. Poisson regression was used to derive rate …

Special Article. Commentaries On A World At War: Sars, Weapons Of Mass Destruction, Preemption, The United Nations, International Respect And Confidence, And Truth., Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article highlights cognitive difficulties exposed by examples of contemporary security conflict.

Method For Enhancing Protective Cellular Responses To Genotoxic Stress In Skin, Elaine L. Jacobson, Myron Jacobson

Graduate Center for Nutritional Sciences Faculty Patents

The present invention is directed to methods of using pro-NAD agents capable of enhancing the dermal and epidermal skin cell NAD content. These pro-NAD agents may be administered topically, orally, or parenterally to enhance DNA repair and other protective responses to DNA damage. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising pro-NAD agents that effectively elevate intracellular NAD content. Finally, the invention relates to the method of using the pro-NAD agents to treat disorders such as sunburn and other skin deterioration that results from DNA damage in skin cells.

Ada News - 04/21/2003, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

2003 - The Eighth Annual Symposium Of Student Scholars

Symposium of Student Scholars Program Books

The full program book from the Eighth Annual Symposium of Student Scholars, held on April 18, 2003. Includes abstracts from the presentations and posters.

Ua61/1 Advisory Committee Meeting Minutes, Wku Nursing

WKU Administration Documents

Minutes of WKU Nursing Advisory Committee meeting.

Aquaporin Proteins In Murine Trophectoderm Mediate Transepithelial Water Movements During Cavitation., Lisa C Barcroft, Hanne Offenberg, Preben Thomsen, Andrew J Watson

Obstetrics & Gynaecology Publications

Mammalian blastocyst formation is dependent on establishment of trophectoderm (TE) ion and fluid transport mechanisms. We have examined the expression and function of aquaporin (AQP) water channels during murine preimplantation development. AQP 3, 8, and 9 proteins demonstrated cell margin-associated staining starting at the 8-cell (AQP 9) or compacted morula (AQP 3 and 8) stages. In blastocysts, AQP 3 and 8 were detected in the basolateral membrane domains of the trophectoderm, while AQP3 was also observed in cell margins of all inner cell mass (ICM) cells. In contrast, AQP 9 was predominantly observed within the apical membrane domains of the …

Hierarchical Processing In Spoken Language Comprehension., Matthew H Davis, Ingrid Johnsrude

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Understanding spoken language requires a complex series of processing stages to translate speech sounds into meaning. In this study, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the brain regions that are involved in spoken language comprehension, fractionating this system into sound-based and more abstract higher-level processes. We distorted English sentences in three acoustically different ways, applying each distortion to varying degrees to produce a range of intelligibility (quantified as the number of words that could be reported) and collected whole-brain echo-planar imaging data from 12 listeners using sparse imaging. The blood oxygenation level-dependent signal correlated with intelligibility along the …

Mammalian Erv46 Localizes To The Endoplasmic Reticulum–Golgi Intermediate Compartment And To Cis-Golgi Cisternae, Lelio Orci, Mariella Ravazzola, Gary J. Mack, Charles Barlowe, Stefan Otte

Dartmouth Scholarship

Yeast endoplasmic reticulum (ER) vesicle protein Erv46p is a novel membrane protein involved in transport through the early secretory pathway. Investigation of mammalian Erv46 (mErv46) reveals that it is broadly expressed in tissues and protein-secreting cells. By immunofluorescence microscopy, mErv46 displays a crescent-shaped perinuclear staining pattern that is characteristic of the Golgi complex. Quantitative immunoelectron microscopy indicates that mErv46 is restricted to the cis face of the Golgi apparatus and to vesicular tubular structures between the transitional ER and cis-Golgi. Minor amounts of mErv46 reside in ER membranes and later Golgi cisternae. On Brefeldin A treatment, mErv46 redistributes to punctate …

Reauthorizing Head Start: The Future Federal Role In Preschool Programs For The Poor, Jane Koppelman

National Health Policy Forum

This paper describes the implications of President Bush’s proposal to devolve authority for running the Head Start program to the states and to alter the organization and funding of all government early childhood programs—with the goal of improving the school readiness skills of low-income children. The administration plan to allow states to mix Head Start funds with state-funded preschool money and, if desired, child care monies to create a more uniform early childhood care system with an educational focus raises numerous questions. This paper addresses questions raised by this plan, including the potential quality of these new systems, the extent …

The U.S. Health Workforce: Definitions, Dollars, And Dilemmas, Karen Matherlee

National Health Policy Forum

This background paper provides a comprehensive view of the structure of the health workforce. It explores public and private insurance coverage and payment policies, as well as discretionary grant programs, that govern it. The paper also looks at health workforce concerns: supplies of certain types of physicians, health workforce mix, challenges from complementary and alternative medicine, shortages of nurses and pharmacists (and some other practitioners), maldistribution issues, and lack of diversity in response to demographic changes. It presents proposals that are on the table to reform the health workforce, at a time when it is demanding greater attention from health …

Treatment And Prevention Of Overuse Hand Injuries Related To Rock Climbing In Chattanooga And Its Surrounding Areas, Johnathan Gannaway

Honors Theses

In any physical exercise, the risk of injury is always present and cannot be eliminated. Specifically, rock climbing subjects climbers to the dangers of cuts, abrasions, strains, and fractures in the least serious of injuries. Although rock climbers must be conscious of more serious injuries, such as death, they tend to ignore less minor injuries like overuse hand injuries. During rock climbing, the upper extremities are required to support unnatural weight loads for extended periods of time; therefore, they are the primary area for overuse injuries. The hands and fingers in particular are stressed and contorted more forcefully than any …

Seventeen Amino Acid Peptide (Peptide P) For Treating Ischemia And Reperfusion Injury, Peter R. Oeltgen, Mark S. Kindy

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Patents

Peptide P, having the amino acid sequence Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Ala-Asp-Val-Ala-Ser-Thr-Ile-Gly-Asp-Phe-Phe-His-Ser-Ile-NH2, is useful to treat ischemia.

Ada News - 04/07/2003, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.